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WATER SOFTENER GENERAL OPERATION
Hard water passes through the valve manifold into the top of the softener tank. It flows downward
through the mineral bed and out through the bottom of the tank to service. As the water passes
through the mineral bed, the hardness present is removed through the process of ion exchange and
at the same time sediment present is removed by filtration action of the mineral.
Once the mineral has extracted all the hardness it can, it must be regenerated and have its capacity
restored by the following procedure:
1. Backwash: The flow through the mineral bed is reversed and allowed to flow to drain.
The up-flow action washes any sediment or foreign material collected in the
unit out to drain. At the same time the mineral itself is restratified, thereby
eliminating any possibility of channeling (approximately 10 minutes).
2. Brine/Rinse: The flow through the unit is returned to down-flow to drain at a slow
controlled rate and during the first stage of this step the brine is injected to
react with the mineral and restore its softening capacity. The second stage
of this step is a continued slow flow of water to rinse all of the exchanged
hardness and salt from the unit before its return to service (approximately 60
minutes).
3. Fast Flush: The downward flow to drain in this step is increased to a high rate which will
repack the mineral bed and remove the last traces of salt and hardness from
the regenerated equipment just before its return to service (approximately 6
minutes).
MR 150M–1050M TWIN - 400C HMI PLC CONTROLLER
Page 27
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MR 150M–1050M PLC
OPERATION
OPERATION
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