Summary of Contents for metrotek Bercut-MMT
- Page 1 Bercut-MMT Ethernet 10/100 and Gigabit Ethernet Analysis Operation Manual 1.2.7, 2009 Metrotek...
- Page 2 Metrotek, 2006-2009 No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the express written permission of Metrotek. Metrotek retains the right to make changes to the hardware, software of 10/100/1000 Mbit/s Ethernet Networks Testing Module , and to this document at any...
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
Latency over Time ..... 36 5.3 Frame Loss ......36 Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 4 A.1 Connection Setup ......69 A.2 Parameters Configuration ..... 71 Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 5: Contents
C System Technical Specifications D Glossary E Technical support E.1 Contact Information ......81 Troubleshooting Bibliography Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 6 CONTENTS Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 7: Introduction
Introduction General Bercut-MMT Analyzer is a measurement device designed on the basis of a modular platform. It supports measurements in different segments of modern multi-technology telecommunication networks. The analyzer’s modular design provides its user with virtually unlimited testing and measuring capabilities for both traditional interface parameters and for working out long term diagnostics solutions for the communication network. -
Page 8: Documentation Set
• Bercut-MMT. OPIE Graphical Environment. Modifications Notice The manufacturer reserves the right to make any modifications that do not affect operability of the analyzer Bercut-MMT to the device hardware and software and to operation manuals without further notice and at its sole dis- cretion. -
Page 9: General Information
2. General Information 10/100/1000 Mbit/s Ethernet Networks Analysis Subsystem based on the Bercut-MMT platform enables measurements and diagnostics of network equipment according to RFC 2544 methods (for a brief description please refer to par. 2.2, page 9 of the Manual) and basic IP testing. -
Page 10: B4-Gbe: Ethernet Network Analysis Card
RFC 2544 method and described in section 2.2, p. 9 . The Bercut-MMT universal analyzer supports two B4-GBE cards si- multaneously; each of them has two ports to connect to the network under testing. - Page 11 2.3 B4-GBE: Ethernet Network Analysis Card The B4-GBE card layout is shown at Figure 2.1. Figure 2.1. B4-GBE Card Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 12 General Information Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 13: Staring Up
Connection and Starting Up Device Connection Diagrams Port 0 DUT/NUT Loopback Figure 3.1. Connection Diagram 1 DUT/NUT Port 0 Port 1 Figure 3.2. Connection Diagram 2 Port 1 Port 0 DUT/NUT Figure 3.3. Connection Diagram 3 Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 14: Operation Mode Selection
17. Network Interfaces State Indication For B4-GBE cards, network interfaces state indication is provided by LEDs at the Bercut-MMT front panel. In the upper part of a screen there are LED labels. Figure 3.4. Indicators Module type should comply with the type of connected equipment (optical or copper cable). - Page 15 – LB1 — green colour means: loopback mode is active; indicator corresponds to the loopback layer (LB1, LB2, LB3). • RX — transmission state. Is green when a frame is sent. • TX — reception state. Is green when a frame is received. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 16 Staring Up Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 17: Rfc 2544. Parameters Configuration
• Topology — to choose source interface and destination interface from available in the list. Note: in case source and destination interfaces are not con- figured (there are no IP- and MAC-addresses), measurement Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 18 To display F1 - F8 functional keys designation (refer to Figure 4.2 ), it is necessary to press the icon, located at the left of clock in the lower right corner of a screen, and to check Fkey item with a flag. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 19: Topology
3.1, p. 13. Before the work starts, it is necessary to define source interface and des- tination interface. Available local and/or remote interfaces - Bercut-MMT devices - are listed in the drop-down lists. When interfaces for testing are selected, reference information: IP and MAC addresses of corresponding in- terfaces is displayed below the chosen fields. -
Page 20: Frame
MAC addresses may be configured using virtual keyboard. Virtual key- board (refer to Figure 4.4 ) is displayed on pressing with a stylus to the MAC address input field, and has symbols (characters and digits) necessary to enter the MAC address. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 21 – VLAN ID — a 12-bit VLAN identification, is a number from 0 to 4095, uniquely identifies the network a frame belongs to. VLAN ID zero value shows this given frame carries no information about VLAN and has only priority information. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 22 – Destination IP — this field is populated similar to the previous one; – Time To Live — 8-bit field representing time period of a packet’s life; – UDP/TCP — This field selects transport protocol to transfer data over IP networks: Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 23 • TCP — with this tab a port is configured to send and receive data for a protocol selected under IP tab. • Payload — this field is used to select a type of payload which will be present in the datagram data field: Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 24: Throughput
fields comprising the datagram. Throughput Figure 4.12. Throughput Measurements Configuration • Enable this test — is a flag that turns throughput measurement on or off (the F2 functional key has the same meaning). Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 25: Latency
(not more than 1200 s). In order to obtain the most pictorial representation of the test results, it is recommended to choose the maximal value of this field. Latency Figure 4.13. Latency Measurement Configuration Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 26: Theoretical Maximum Throughput Value
Values are for standard frame sizes and physical interface rates allowed for testing purposes. Table 4.1: Theoretical Throughput Values Frame size, Maximum rate, frames/s bytes 10 Mbit/s 100 Mbit/s 1000 Mbit/s Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 27: Frame Loss
(maximum step is 10 ). Values are measured in percents of maximum connection throughput. • Duration — time period of one measurement iteration for each frame size selected in the general frame size configuration (not more than Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 28: Back-To-Back
• Initial frame count (frames) — the starting length of transmitted sequence. • Step (frames) — is a step of frame quantity (sequence length) chang- ing. • Trials — quantity of measurements for each frame size configured. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 29: Rfc 2544. Measurements
Initially, all tests names are unavailable and are of grey colour. The name of a test currently executed is highlighted by blue, completed test is shown in black. 2. Execution indication — the testing execution process for current card is displayed. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 30 • Details — measurements log (this tab has the most detailed infor- mation about executed test, this is important for troubleshooting of equipment under testing). Figure 5.2 shows an example of Details tab for Throughput test. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 31: Throughput
Manual. Throughput Throughput measurements provide maximum rate value, at which there is no loss of frames transiting the system being tested. Using previously obtained maximum rate value, it is possible to determine available channel bandwidth. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 32: Plot
RFC 2544. Measurements 5.1.1 Plot Figure 5.3. Throughput Test Results: Plot This diagram shows measured and theoretical throughput values (fps) for each data packet, set in the configuration. Theoretical values are calculated for full (100%) load. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 33: Table
This parameter allows to measure a time period that starts from a moment when last bit of outgoing frame leaves transmitting side, passes through DUT/NUT and finishes at a moment when first bit of a frame reaches receiving side. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 34: Plot
RFC 2544. Measurements 5.2.1 Plot Figure 5.5. Latency Test Results: Plot The diagram shows measured minimum/maximum/average delay value in mi- croseconds, for each data frame size configured. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 35 The Table shows measured throughput value and average/minimum/maximum delay value in microseconds, for each frame size configured. The Distr (dis- tribution) column shows by what value (on average) all delays differ from average value, in microseconds. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 36: Latency Over Time
This measurement may be useful to get information about network element behavior in case of anomalous network loading conditions. Measured LoT values depend on the tested equipment type and capabilities. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 37 Buttons at the left and right diagram sides are used to display frame size and its corresponding curve colour. These buttons allow to view the diagrams one by one or in together. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 38: Table
This means that for equipment that supports transmission of any quantity of frames of certain size at maximum rate, testing will continue forever and result will not be obtained. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 39: Plot
5.4 Back-to-Back 5.4.1 Plot Figure 5.10. Back-To-Back Test Results: Plot The diagram shows measured minimum/maximum/average quantity of frames transmitted without loss, for each frame size configured. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 40: Table
RFC 2544. Measurements 5.4.2 Table Figure 5.11. Back-To-Back Test Results: Table Measurements Processing Bercut-MMT enables saving of measurements results and reviewing of pre- viously saved results. These operations are performed by Ethernet: test RFC2544 applica- tion. 5.5.1 Saving Results The system supports saving to CSV and XML file formats. To the file, date and measurement results from the Table tab are saved. -
Page 41: Previously Saved Results Display
Previously saved measurements loading function is available in case there are no active tests of Ethernet: test RFC2544 application. The Load button (or F8 functional key) is used to open measurement results loading window, shown at Figure 5.13. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 42 XML format. The Name field of dialogue window allows to select a name of results file of interest. The window has OK button to load and to cancel an action. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 43: Tcp/Ip: Basic Testing
6.1): O-Menu ⇒ Ethernet Testing ⇒ IP tools. Figure 6.1. Navigation to the IP tools application Note: all entered IP addresses and/or node names are stored in the drop-down lists of corresponding tabs after tests execution. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 44: Ping
The last row presents RTT measurement results (RTT stands for Round-Trip Time, a time between sending request and receiving reply, it represents two-way delays over route): Minimum/average/maximum values in milliseconds. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 45: Traceroute
IP addresses of the nodes only (without nodes symbolic names), F2 functional key has the same meaning. Data are displayed in information table in a form where each row contains node name and IP address (or just IP address), time between sending a packet Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 46: Arp
To find certain IP address and corresponding information in the table, the all entries function should be deactivated and Destination field should be populated with name or IP address of a node in question. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 47: Arping
Changing of interface name is per- formed by selecting a row in the drop-down list or with the help of F1 functional key. Test execution starts on pressing the Start button or F6 functional key. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 48: Ftp/Http
Figure 6.6. Figure 6.6. Results of connection using ftp/http Example of input electronic addresses: http://linux.org — for hypertext protocol [5]; ftp://ftp.ru.debian.org — for data transmission protocol [6]. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 49: Ipx Protocol
(first 64 bytes) at the device screen. Screen layout is shown at Figure 7.1. Figure 7.1. IPX Protocol Analysis Program Program configuration window has the following elements: • Start/Stop — testing process start and stop; Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 50 In order to work with the program, it is necessary to: • select an interface where IPX packets are to be collected; • select detailed view mode, if necessary; • configure the quantity of packets, or switch on an infinite collection of packets; Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 51 finished, fields become available for configuring again. IPX packets analysis results are put into information table with time of packet reception, packet sender MAC address, packet recipient MAC address, protocol type, etc. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 52 IPX Protocol Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 53: Snmp Protocol
SNMP Data Display The SNMP program (O-Menu ⇒ Ethernet Testing ⇒ SNMP browser) collects SNMP statistics from the specified agent. Application window layout is presented at Figure 8.1. Figure 8.1. SNMP Program Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 54: Advanced Settings Dialogue
8.1.1 Advanced Settings Dialogue Figure 8.2. SNMP Program: Advanced Settings Pressing the Advanced button allows to configure: • Security name — user name for SNMP protocol versions v2c, v3 ; • MIB file. Management Information Base. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 55 When data collection is completed, the Start button is active and data field is populated with statistics, collected from SNMP agent, containing information according to the MIB file selected (refer to Figure 8.1, page 53). Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 56 SNMP Protocol Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 57: Pppoe Protocol
PPPoE Connection Display The PPPoE program (O-Menu ⇒ Ethernet Testing ⇒ PPP) performs PPPoE connection testing for specified server. The Bercut-MMT device acts as a client. Window layout is presented at the figure. Figure 9.1. PPP Program... - Page 58 When CHAP bidir bidirectional authentication is used, the Bercut-MMT device name is used as user name (O-Menu ⇒ Settings ⇒ Bercut-MMT Information). This field is populated only at PPPoE connection testing for bidirectional CHAP authentication (CHAP bidir).
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Page 59: Network Interfaces Information
(Figure10.1): Figure 10.1. List of Interfaces 10.1 Interface Status An application screen displays a table with information about interface state (Figure10.2): Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 60: Sfp Information
SFP modules, purchased together with the device, support 10/100/1000 Mbit/s rates for copper cables and 1000 Mbit/s for optical cables. 10.2 SFP Information SFP (Small Form-factor Pluggable) is a compact transceiver that interconnects Ethernet ports with the network by optical or copper cables.[8] Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... -
Page 61: Cable Test
Copper cable diagnostics is performed to obtain main parameters of interface under testing. Testing starts on pressing the Run cable test button. Test results are displayed in the form of a table. Table columns contain information about each pair of cable wires. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 62 1000BASE-T mode only and can have the following states: – a-b-c-d — connection is performed with straight cable; – a-b-c-d — connection is performed with crossed cable (cross-over). Note: in case this field is not valid, n/a or — is displayed. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 63: 11. Loopback
11. Loopback In order to perform measurements an certification according to RFC 2544, Bercut-MMT supports loopback at different levels. This mode can be used to check functioning of software components that are involved in TCP/IP family protocols implementation. Testing can be implemented at different OSI model layers. -
Page 64: Third Layer Loopback
To activate this application, the Loopback Configuration program can be used (refer to Figure 11.4, page 65), through an access to O-Menu ⇒ Ethernet Testing ⇒ Loopback Configuration. Application main window layout is shown at the following Figure: Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 65 Figure 11.5. Interface selection for testing Note: network interface with the loopback at any layer is un- available for data packets transmission/reception. This means that conducting RFC 2544 testing, IP testing, cable testing is not possible. • Loopback layer selection field: Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 66 IP with field and TOS Settings menu are deactivated. • The VLAN Settings menu has Tag flags (a mark within Ethernet packet structure). When a flag is set, VLAN ID and VLAN priority in incoming packets are replaced by user defined values. If incoming Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 67 To change MAC and IP addresses, it is necessary to set corresponding flags (F3, F4, F5, F6 functional keys) and use virtual keyboard (refer to Figure 11.9, page 68), that is displayed on pressing with a stylus at address input field. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 68 – ToS Precedence (refer to Figure 11.10); – ToS Value. Figure 11.10. ToS Precedence Selection Traffic loopback starts on pressing the Start button (or F7 functional key) and is active until the Stop button is pressed. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 69: Remote Testing
IP address (host) or remote Bercut-MMT name (hostname). Connection setup is performed by pressing the Connect button. When connection with remote Bercut-MMT is established for the first time (for specified user name at remote Bercut-MMT), a message will be displayed with public key and request to confirm proceeding with connection setup (answers are yes, no),... - Page 70 List of active con- nections is presented in Annex 4.1. Figure A.3. Active Connections Actual view of active connection will differ from this example, it depends on user connection parameters (user name and IP address). Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 71: Parameters Configuration
A.2 Parameters Configuration Parameters Configuration After connection setup, described in the previous paragraph, it is necessary to configure connection parameters as stated in section 4 RFC 2544. Parameters Configuration. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 72 Remote Testing Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 73: B Traffic Types And Priorities
[9]. Type of Service According to RFC 791, eight frame priority values are supported [10]. Table B.2: Values of the Field Precedence Value Name Description Routine Normal priority Priority Preferred priority Immediate Immediate priority Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 74 0001 Minimize monetary cost Minimize cost. Is used when it is necessary to minimize data transmission cost. 0000 All normal Everything is OK. In this case packet is routed according to provider decision. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 75: C System Technical Specifications
C. System Technical Specifications Table C.1: Platform Specifications Bercut-MMT Intel XScale PXA270 520MHz (312 or 416 Processor MHz modifications available) Memory 128 megabytes Flash memory 32 megabytes 1(internal, non-removable, from CF (non-volatile) megabytes to 4 gigabytes) TFT 7 inches, 800x480 pixels, 65536 colours,... - Page 76 Ping, traceroute, ARP, arping, ftp/http At physical (PHY), link (MAC) and network Loopback implementation (IP) layers with VLAN support and fields change capability Copper cable testing for open circuit, short cir- Cable testing cuit, distance to open determination Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 77: D Glossary
Duplex mode. A mode that supports data transmission and recep- tion at the same time. Half-duplex: Semi-duplex mode. A mode that supports transmission in both di- rections, but with separation in time, i.e. at any moment of time transmission is performed in only one direction. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 78 Multi-Protocol Label Switching . A technology that is used in high capacity switching devices to transfer IP datagrams. MPLS protocol is based on IP switching and label switching technology. NUT: Network Under Test . OSI: Open Systems Interconnection reference model . Hierarchical model Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 79 ICMP. UDP: User Datagram Protocol . transport protocol to transmit data in IP networks. Provides for non-guaranteed message delivery without connection setup with recipient. URL: Uniform Resource Locator . A test string that describes location of Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
- Page 80 Physical layer : Its task is to directly transmit data flow. Transmits optical or elec- trical signals to the cable and receives them and converts into data bits according to coding methods of digital signals. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 81: E Technical Support
E. Technical support Additional information on the Bercut-MMT device and new software can be found at the company site www.metrotek.ru. You also can send an email or call Technical Support Service (refer to Contact Information ). Please provide problem description and device data that can be found in the device’s menu item: Bercut-MMT Device Information (O-menu ⇒... - Page 82 Technical support Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 83: Troubleshooting
Table F.1: Possible faults Fault main Possible reason Fault clearing method indication Connection loss Incorrect connection of a Check connected cable integrity and insert cable to the device it again into the connector up to click Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis... - Page 84 Troubleshooting Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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Page 85: Bibliography
[9] IEEE Std 802.1Q, IEEE Standart for Local and metropolitan area net- works — Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks. [10] RFC 791, Postel, J., ”Internet Protocol”, DARPA, September 1981. [11] RFC 1349, Almquist, P., ”Type of Service in the Internet Protocol Suite”, July 1992. Bercut-MMT: Ethernet Networks Analysis...
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