Page 1 Artisan Technology Group is your source for quality new and certified-used/pre-owned equipment SERVICE CENTER REPAIRS WE BUY USED EQUIPMENT • FAST SHIPPING AND DELIVERY Experienced engineers and technicians on staff Sell your excess, underutilized, and idle used equipment at our full-service, in-house repair center We also offer credit for buy-backs and trade-ins •...
Page 2 Model 708A Switching System Instruction Manual Contains Operating and Servicing Information 708A-901-01 / A Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 3 WARRANTY Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from date of shipment. Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.
Page 4 Model 708A Switching System Instruction Manual ©1998, Keithley Instruments, Inc. All rights reserved. Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. First Printing, September 1998 Document Number: 708A-901-01 Rev. A Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 5 Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page. Revision A (Document Number 708A-901-01)................September 1998 All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc. Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Page 6: Safety Precautions
(IEC) Standard IEC 664, digital multimeter measuring circuits The types of product users are: (e.g., Keithley Models 175A, 199, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2010) are Installation Category II. All other instruments’ signal terminals are Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use Installation Category I and must not be connected to mains.
Page 7 ﬁre hazard. leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instru- ments. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals, Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for may be used if the rating and type are the same.
Page 8 708A Switching System IEEE-488 BUS IMPLEMENTATION Overview MULTILINE COMMANDS: DCL, LLO, SDC, GET, GTL, UNT, UNL, SPE, SPD. CAPACITY: One plug-in card per mainframe UNILINE COMMANDS: IFC, REN, EOI, SRQ, ATN. EXPANSION CAPACITY: Daisy-chain expansion of up to four Slave units with one INTERFACE FUNCTIONS: SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1, DT1, C0, E1.
Page 9: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents General Information Introduction ................................ 1-1 Features ................................1-1 Warranty information ............................1-1 Manual addenda ..............................1-1 Safety symbols and terms ..........................1-1 Specifications ..............................1-2 Unpacking and inspection ..........................1-2 1.7.1 Inspection for damage ..........................1-2 1.7.2 Shipment contents ............................
Page 10 3.5.6 Documenting system configuration ....................... 3-18 3.5.7 Analog backplane cable construction ....................3-20 3.5.8 Sample expanded matrices ........................3-20 Basic switching overview ..........................3-24 3.6.1 Power-up ..............................3-24 3.6.2 Selecting make/break and break/make rows ..................3-24 3.6.3 Modifying a relay setup ......................... 3-24 3.6.4 Storing relay setup and applying setup to relays ...................
Page 11 Interface function codes ............................. 5-5 Primary address programming ........................... 5-5 QuickBASIC programming ..........................5-6 Indicator and control aspects of IEEE-488 operation ..................5-7 5.7.1 Error LED ..............................5-7 5.7.2 Status indicators ............................5-8 5.7.3 LOCAL/DIGITAL I/O key ........................5-9 5.7.4 Concurrent front panel and bus operation ....................
Page 12 6.3.1 Reset circuit ............................. 6-3 6.3.2 Address decoding ............................. 6-3 6.3.3 Memory ..............................6-3 Relay control circuitry ............................6-4 6.4.1 Switching card interface .......................... 6-4 6.4.2 Switching card logic ..........................6-6 Display circuitry ..............................6-8 6.5.1 Display data ............................6-11 6.5.2 Front panel keys .............................
Page 13 IEEE-488 Bus Overview Introduction ............................... C-1 Bus description ..............................C-1 Bus lines ................................C-3 C.3.1 Data lines ..............................C-3 C.3.2 Bus management lines ..........................C-3 C.3.3 Handshake lines ............................C-3 Bus commands ..............................C-4 C.4.1 Uniline commands ..........................C-4 C.4.2 Universal multiline commands .......................
Page 14 Sample backplane expansion ........................3-11 Figure 3-11 Sample external (to backplane) expansion ....................3-12 Figure 3-12 Sample of master/slave interconnect cables – five Model 708A switching systems ....... 3-16 Figure 3-13 Master/slave column locations ......................... 3-17 Figure 3-14 Analog backplane expansion connectors ....................3-20 Figure 3-15 Backplane expansion cable –...
Page 15 U6 relay settling time ..........................5-35 Figure 5-23 U7 digital input ............................5-36 Principles of Operation Figure 6-1 Model 708A block diagram ........................6-1 Figure 6-2 Digital board block diagram ........................6-2 Figure 6-3 RAM and battery backup ........................... 6-4 Figure 6-4 Matrix card interface simplified schematic ....................
Page 16 I/O Connections Figure B-1 Digital output, solenoid control ........................ B-1 Figure B-2 Digital output, relay control ........................B-1 Figure B-3 Digital output, motor control ........................B-2 Figure B-4 Digital output, logic device control ......................B-2 Figure B-5 Digital input, monitoring micro-switches ....................B-2 IEEE-488 Bus Overview Figure C-1 IEEE-488 bus configuration ........................
Page 17 Table 3-7 Model 708A external expansion cables ....................3-15 Table 3-8 Response time comparison ........................3-18 Table 3-9 Model 708A switching system card configuration worksheet ..............3-19 Operation Table 4-1 Setup data paths ............................4-1 Table 4-2 Power-up, reset, and factory defaults ......................4-3 Table 4-3 Error conditions ............................
Page 18 Replaceable Parts Table 8-1 Model 708A mother board, parts list ......................8-2 Table 8-2 Model 708A front panel control board, parts list ..................8-4 Table 8-3 Model 708A backplane board, parts list ....................8-4 Table 8-4 Model 708A display board, parts list ......................8-5 Table 8-5 Model 708A miscellaneous, parts list ......................
Page 19: General Information
This section contains general information about the Model Warranty information is located at the front of this manual. 708A Switching System. The Model 708A is designed as a Should your Model 708A require warranty service, contact programmable switch for connecting signal paths in a matrix your Keithley representative or an authorized repair facility topology.
Page 20: Specifications
30MHz) for applications with single-ended instruments. It has BNC connectors. Should it become necessary to return the Model 708A for re- pair, carefully pack the unit in its original packing carton or Model 7074-D Eight 1 × 12 General Purpose Multiplexer the equivalent, and perform the following: Card —...
Page 21 Model 7077 has 8 rows by 12 columns of two-pole Form A the Model 708A rear panel. The Model 7051-2 is a 50 Ω BNC switching for general purpose applications. It has BNC con- to BNC cable (RG-58C), which is 0.6m (2ft) long.
Page 22: Card Installation
• Front panel card installation — Install cessed from the front of the rack. Use the following proce- the analog backplane on the rear panel dure to change the Model 708A conﬁguration for front or of the unit. rear panel card installation.
Page 23: Card Installation/Removal
Some cards have connectors that are inac- cessible once the card is fully inserted into Using Figure 2-2 as a guide, install a card in the Model 708A the switching system (e.g., the quick dis- Switching System as follows. Speciﬁc card instructions can connect terminal blocks on Model 7071 be found in the appropriate card’s manual.
Page 24: Figure 2-2 Matrix Card Installation
Card Installation Matrix Card (Front panel card installation) Front Model 708A Switching System Matrix Card (Rear panel card installation) Figure 2-2 Matrix card installation Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 25 Do not touch the card surfaces, connec- card). tors, or components to avoid contamina- 4. Align the card in the Model 708A. Make sure the edges tion that could degrade card perfor- of the card slide into the card edge guides and the com- mance.
Page 26: Getting Started
An overview of the Model 708A front panel operation is giv- en in the following paragraphs. The front panel switches are shown in Figure 3-1. The front panel of the Model 708A ac- cepts plug-in matrix cards when conﬁgured for front panel...
Page 27: Led Matrix
RESET COPY DISPLAY RELAYS DIG I/O — When the Model 708A is placed in digital I/O display mode, the LED matrix shows the present digital IN/ OUT status. The digital IN LEDs are located in rows A-H, Figure 3-3 columns 1-2. The digital OUT LEDs are located in rows A- Digital I/O status display H, columns 11-12.
Page 28: Light Pen Connection
LEDs. One light pen is used to control the LEDs of up to ﬁve Table 3-1 Model 708A mainframes. Refer to Figure 3-1 for the loca- Digital input display formats tion of the light pen connection. Refer to paragraph 4.4.4 for light pen operating information.
Page 29: Rear Panel Familiarization
5.8.4. Rear panel familiarization DIG I/O — With the Model 708A in local, press this key to The following paragraphs contain an overview of the Model select digital I/O display mode (see Figure 3-3). Press this 708A Switching System rear panel (see Figure 3-5).
Page 30: Figure 3-5 Model 708A Rear Panel
IEEE-488 INTERFACE — This connector interfaces the settling time and the programmed settling time. Refer to the Model 708A to the IEEE-488 bus. Refer to paragraph 4.6.5 matrix ready device-dependent command (DDC) in para- for more information on the IEEE-488 interface port.
Page 31: Card Connections
3.4.2 Connections — instruments to rows instruments and the DUTs. For each matrix card designed for the Model 708A, the rows can be lengthened by adding col- If your application requires few instruments and many umns from other cards of the same model number through...
Page 32: Figure 3-6 Connecting Instruments To Rows – Single Switching System
Getting Started Source Source Measure Measure 10 11 12 Note : One cros s point clos ure yields a row-column path. Figure 3-6 Connecting instruments to rows – single switching system SOURCE SOURCE MEASURE MEASURE COLUMN 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Legend SOURCE MEASURE...
Page 33: Connections - Instruments To Columns
Getting Started 3.4.3 Connections — instruments to columns The row completion choice for column-column paths on multiple application cards follows the recommendations giv- An alternate connection scheme of the long, narrow matrix en previously for row-column paths. With a Model 7072 has all connections on the columns, both instruments and card, close a crosspoint relay in row A or B for low current DUTs.
Page 34: Figure 3-8 Connecting Instruments To Columns – Multiple (Two) Switching Systems
Getting Started DUT Test BNC cables connect to row terminals Fixture BNC Cable - Columns of both cards. Ribbon Cable - Rows Instrumentation Simplified Equivalent Circuit DUTs Instrumentation (14 connections) (10 connections) 10 11 12 10 11 12 Master Slave Note: BNC matrix cards shown.
Page 35: Expanding Matrix Size
(master/slave). Refer to Figure 3-11. A master/slave connection of up to ﬁve An 8 × 12 matrix card of the Model 708A Switching System switching matrices is an extension of the rows (up to 8 rows is a building block for larger matrices.
Page 36: Figure 3-10 Sample Backplane Expansion
Getting Started DUT Test Fixture Master/Slave BNC Cable - Columns IN/OUT Cables Analog Backplane Cable - Rows Instrumentation Simplified Equivalent Circuit DUTs Instrumentation (14 connections) (10 connections) 10 11 12 10 11 12 Master Slave Note: BNC matrix cards shown. Other card connections similar. Master/Slave IN/OUT cables used for control expansion.
Page 37: Figure 3-11 Sample External (To Backplane) Expansion
Getting Started DUT Test Fixture Master/Slave BNC Cable - Columns IN/OUT Cables BNC Cable - Rows BNC cables connect to row terminals Instrumentation of both matrix cards Simplified Equivalent Circuit DUTs Instrumentation (14 connections) (10 connections) 10 11 12 10 11 12 Master Slave NOTE: BNC matrix cards shown.
Page 38: Table 3-6 Matrix Expansion
2. Accomplish row expansion automatically for this card through analog backplanes. Manufacture a 50-pin cable and connect back- planes of each Model 708A using the 50-pin connector located on the backplane (refer to paragraph 3.5.2 for connection informa- tion and to paragraph 3.5.7 for information on the 50-pin cable).
Page 39: Backplane Row Expansion
Disconnect power cords. tems and all circuitry. Disconnect power cords. 3. Make sure the Model 708A Switching Systems to be 3. Make sure the Model 708A Switching Systems to be connected (up to ﬁve) have been properly conﬁgured.
Page 40: Control Expansion Using Master/Slave Configuration
MASTER/SLAVE IN. cables will be needed. Refer to Figure 3-12. Column locations for a fully expanded Model 708A are shown in Figure 3-13. 3-15 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 41 Analog Backplane Expansion Cable Slave 2 Slave 3 Slave 4 Master/Slave Interconnect Cables Figure 3-12 Sample of master/slave interconnect cables – ﬁve Model 708A switching systems 3-16 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 42: Figure 3-13 Master/Slave Column Locations
Getting Started Master Columns 1 through 12 Slave 1 Columns 13 through 24 Slave 2 Columns 25 through 36 Slave 3 Columns 37 through 48 Slave 4 Columns 49 through 60 Figure 3-13 Master/slave column locations 3-17 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 43: System Expansion Issues
Getting Started 3.5.5 System expansion issues Table 3-8 Response time comparison Matrix expansion by Model 708A Switching Systems affects Master with system speciﬁcations and speed. The extent of affect de- Action Stand-alone four slaves pends on the size and conﬁguration of the switching system.
Page 44 Getting Started Table 3-9 Model 708A switching system card conﬁguration worksheet Card model number: _____________________ Stand-alone _____________________________ Master _____________ Slave 1 _____________ Slave 2 _____________ Slave 3 _____________ Slave 4 ___________ System size: Total crosspoints _________ rows __________ columns ___________ IEEE address ___________...
Page 45: Analog Backplane Cable Construction
0.100 inches apart. Use these connections to expand Model each Model 708A). 708A rows to the rows of other Model 708A Switching Sys- tems. The 20-pin connection is used for expansion of coaxial 3448-54 (3M) — Strain relief (one strain relief required for matrix cards [does not apply to the Model 7077 (50 pin) or each Model 708A).
Page 46 Slave 1 Analog Backplane Expansion Cable Slave 2 Slave 3 Slave 4 Master/Slave Interconnect Cables Figure 3-15 Backplane expansion cable – ﬁve Model 708A switching systems 3-21 Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 47: Figure 3-16 External Row Expansion – Two Stand-Alone Model 708A's
Getting Started DUT Test BNC cables connect to row terminals Fixture BNC Cable - Columns of both cards. Ribbon Cable - Rows Instrumentation Simplified Equivalent Circuit DUTs Instrumentation (14 connections) (10 connections) 10 11 12 10 11 12 Master Slave Note: BNC matrix cards shown.
Page 48: Figure 3-17 Sample Backplane Expansion
Getting Started DUT Test Fixture Master/Slave BNC Cable - Columns IN/OUT Cables Analog Backplane Cable - Rows Instrumentation Simplified Equivalent Circuit DUTs Instrumentation (14 connections) (10 connections) 10 11 12 10 11 12 Master Slave Note: BNC matrix cards shown. Other card connections similar. Master/Slave IN/OUT cables used for control expansion.
Page 49: Basic Switching Overview
Connect the instrument to a grounded AC outlet using the 3.6.3 Modifying a relay setup supplied power cable and turn on the unit. The Model 708A will perform a power-up self-test to check ROM, RAM, card Use the Z — copy command (paragraph 5.9.25) to copy the conﬁguration, stored setups, master/slave loop, indicators,...
Page 50: Operation
This section contains a complete, detailed description of the Model 708A front panel. Section 5 describes the bus op- each front and rear panel aspect of the Model 708A. erations that transfer setup data.
Page 51: Power-Up Procedure
ﬁguration. The error LED (ERR) and crosspoint LED applied to the Model 708A. Failure to D3 light if there is not a closed loop (the Model 708A correctly recognize the power status of can be looped back to itself). Any keypress or IEEE-488...
Page 52: Power-Up Configuration
ﬁrst time, follow these steps: After the power-up tests and display messages are complet- 1. Connect up to ﬁve mainframes in a daisy-chain (MAS- ed, the Model 708A assumes the following speciﬁc operating TER/SLAVE OUT of one unit to MASTER/SLAVE IN states: of next unit).
Page 53: Display
Errors are signaled when the error LED (ERR) illuminates. TALK Use the U1 — error status command (paragraph 5.9.20) to LSTN retrieve the cause of the error. Table 4-3 lists Model 708A er- ror conditions. Where applicable, the necessary corrective action is also given in the table. COPY 4.4.2 IEEE-488 status indicators...
Page 54: Crosspoint Display Leds
Mount the light pen holder on a handle of the Model 708A by tightening the allen-head screw shown in Figure 4-4. To toggle the state of a crosspoint LED or change the dig-...
Page 55: Crosspoint Display
The setup data displayed on the crosspoint LEDs can be stored in the non-volatile memory of the Model 708A or can 4.5.1 Modifying be sent directly to the relays by pressing the COPY key or by sending a device-dependent command (DDC).
Page 56: Operation Control
Operation In master/slave conﬁgurations, each unit stores its own por- Digit inputs have an internal pull-up resistor. Open inputs tion of each stored setup. will be indicated by logic high. When the COPY key is pressed or the COPY LED is lit, the Digital outputs are negative true.
Page 57: External Trigger
TTL-compatible pulse of at least 600ns duration at TTL High the rear panel EXT TRIG INPUT jack triggers the Model (3.4V Typical ) 708A. The input BNC jack is shown in Figure 4-7. TTL Low ( 0.25V Typical ) EXT ERNAL...
Page 58: Matrix Ready Output
488 address (selectable by rotary switches on the rear panel The master unit communicates with the slaves only when of the Model 708A). If the loop of DIN cables is not closed, necessary; it does not continuously monitor the status of the the master’s error LED (ERR) will light, and all units will re-...
Page 59: Ieee-488 Bus Address
The primary address of the Model ing procedures. 708A is factory set to 18, but it may be set to any value be- tween 0 and 30 (between 30 and 60 for a master unit) as long For master/slave conﬁgurations, all units are tested simulta-...
Page 60: Programmed Settling Times
It is used to avoid momentary shorting of two voltage sources. Both of these switching operations are sup- When a Model 708A stand-alone or master unit is triggered, ported by the Model 708A. the stored relay setup from RELAY STEP+1 is sent to the re- lays.
Page 61: Sources
After the time required for transferring relay data has increment to the next stored setup. Possible trigger sources elapsed, the Model 708A is able to process another trigger. If include: a trigger is received before the programmed setting time has elapsed, a not settled error will result.
Page 62: Figure 4-14 Timing With Either Make/Break Or Break/Make Rows
Operation If only break/make rows are selected, the Model 708A per- An example of these operations is shown in Figure 4-14 with forms the following steps: the corresponding timing diagram. By comparing Figure 4- 13 and Figure 4-14, you can see that the intermediate setup 1.
Page 63: External Trigger Input
4.8.3 External trigger input When a combination of make/break and break/make rows is selected, the Model 708A must switch through three inter- To use external triggering, ﬁrst select the source as described mediate setups to ensure proper relay operation. The steps in paragraph 4.8.1.
Page 64: Ieee-488 Bus Triggering
Operation 4.8.5 IEEE-488 bus triggering Reset To trigger a setup change with an IEEE-488 trigger source, The reset operation performs the same functions as cycling send the appropriate IEEE-488 command over the bus: X, power except power-up self-checking. If a master/slave error talk, or GET depending on the selected source.
Page 65: Ieee-488 Programming
Each de- peated. vice on the bus must have a different primary address. The primary address of your Model 708A is set to 18 at the IEEE-488 quick start factory, but you can set the address to values between 0 and...
Page 66: Figure 5-1 Flowchart Of Example Program
Sample Program Comments ' Dimension crosspoint input and display. DIM A$[200],C$[200] ' Tell Model 708A (at IEEE-488 location 18) to PRINT #1, "REMOTE 18" ' listen over bus. ' Select rows A and B for make/break and rows PRINT #1, "OUTPUT 18;V11000000W00000011X"...
Page 67: Bus Cable Connections
The following paragraphs provide information needed to connect instrumentation to the IEEE-488 bus. The Model Figure 5-3 708A is connected to the IEEE-488 bus through a cable IEEE-488 connections equipped with standard IEEE-488 connectors. See Figure Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 68: Figure 5-4 Ieee-488 Connector Location
7007-2 shielded IEEE-488 cables are available from Keithley Instruments. DIO1 Data DIO2 Data Connect the cable to the Model 708A as follows: DIO3 Data DIO4 Data 1. Line up the connector on the cable with the connector on EOI (24)* Management the rear panel of the instrument.
Page 69: Interface Function Codes
Actual master unit addresses (for programming) ability of the Model 708A to request service from the will be 30 less than the address set on the Model 708A. Note controller. that controllers are also given a primary address, so be sure RL1 (Remote Local) —...
Page 70: Quickbasic Programming
QuickBASIC programming To check the present primary address, look on the rear panel of the Model 708A. If the value is above 30, the actual IEEE- 488 address will be 30 less. To change the address to a new Programming...
Page 71: Error Led
IEEE-488 programming. If an error is found, the the “1” is not part of the instrument's programming language. Model 708A lights an error LED (ERR). Program the Model 708A to generate an SRQ (paragraph 5.9.12), and then the NOTE U1 error status word (paragraph 5.9.20) can be checked for...
Page 72: Status Indicators
If an error is detected, the error LED (ERR) LSTN — This indicator is on when the Model 708A is in the is lit and the affected setups are cleared to all open. A key- listener active state, which is activated by addressing the in- press will clear this error.
Page 73: Local/Digital I/O Key
IEEE-488 Programming 5.7.3 LOCAL/DIGITAL I/O key Table 5-7 Digital output display format This key is used to place the Model 708A in local (while the Model 708A is in remote) or in digital I/O mode (while in Row/column Output #...
Page 74: Ifc (Interface Clear)
The LLO command is used to prevent local operation of the instrument. After the unit receives LLO, all of its front panel GET may be used to initiate a Model 708A setup change if controls except POWER are inoperative. the instrument is placed in the appropriate trigger source.
Page 75: Device-Dependent Command (Ddc) Programming
IEEE-488 Programming Table 5-9 Factory default, power-up, and DCL/SDC conditions Parameter Factory default Power-up, DCL/SDC Description Relays All opened All opened — Stored Setups All cleared Not affected — Relay Step Point to relays Memory Step Point to setup 1 Master/Slave Stand-alone (Notes 2, 3)
Page 76: Table 5-10 Order Of Command Execution
Device-dependent command summary them in a speciﬁc order. The order of execution for the Model 708A is summarized in Table 5-10. Note that the X com- All Model 708A device-dependent commands are summa- mand is listed ﬁrst since it is the character that forces the exe- rized in Table 5-11, which also lists respective paragraphs cution of the rest of the commands.
Page 77: Table 5-11 Ddc Summary
No EOI, do not hold-off on X Send EOI, hold-off on X until Matrix Ready No EOI, hold-off on X until Matrix Ready Download Setups Lbbb..X Download setups from controller to Model 708A 5.9.12 SRQ disabled 5.9.13 Not used Not used...
Page 78 IEEE-488 Programming Table 5-11 (cont.) DDC summary Mode Command Description Para. Status Send machine status word 5.9.21 Send error status word U2,s Output setup “s” (0-100) with present G format Send RELAY STEP pointer Send number of slaves U5,u Send model number of each card in unit “u” (0-4) Send relay settling time Send digital input of unit (0-65535) Make/Break...
Page 79: A - External Trigger
(falling edge). Description The An command lets you program the Model 708A for triggering on a TTL-compatible falling or rising edge signal at the External Trigger input jack. A trigger signal increments the RELAY STEP pointer and copies the setup indicated by the new value from memory to the relays.
Page 80: B - Matrix Ready
IEEE-488 Programming 5.9.3 B — Matrix ready Purpose To select the logic sense of the rear panel Matrix Ready signal. Format Parameters Negative true Matrix Ready output Positive true Matrix Ready output Default Upon power-up or after receiving a DCL, SDC, or R0X command, the instrument defaults to B0 (negative true).
Page 81: C - Close Crosspoint
= A to H Row designation of crosspoint c = 1 to 60 Column designation of crosspoint (60 with maximum of ﬁve Model 708A units) Description The C command closes crosspoints in the setup indicated by the edit pointer. If the edit pointer indicates the present relay setup (zero), the speciﬁed crosspoint relays are closed immediately.
Page 82: E - Edit Pointer
(triggers disabled). Description With the F command, you control whether the Model 708A responds to a trigger (from the exter- nal trigger connection or over the IEEE-488 bus). A trigger increments the Relay Step pointer and copies the setup indicated by the new value from memory to the relays.
Page 83: G - Data Format
Description Overview The G command speciﬁes the format of crosspoint data sent by the Model 708A over the IEEE- 488 bus in response to the U2 command. Data concerning the setup is sent by a “U2,n” com- mand (either the present relay setup or a stored setup). You can control the data format and quan- tity sent.
Page 84: Table 5-12 Master/Slave Setup Example
IEEE-488 Programming all data is sent in one talk; for G7, the data from one switching system is sent per talk. These formats are shown in Figure 5-14 for the example setup of Table 5-12. Table 5-12 Master/slave setup example Unit Closed crosspoints Master...
Page 85: Figure 5-11 G0 And G1 Full Output Formats
IEEE-488 Programming Programming notes 1. Table 5-13 lists the number of bytes that are transmitted for the various data formats. 2. Since the data is transmitted in continuous strings (without carriage returns or line feeds), you must format the data for display or printing legibility. Table 5-13 Byte counts for data format Stand-alone...
Page 86: Figure 5-12 G2 And G3 Inspect Output Formats
IEEE-488 Programming A001,A002,B003,B005,C007,C008,D009,D010,F011,F012,A013,A014,C015,C016,E017,E018,A025, A026,H027,H030,A036,A037,H038,H043,G048,G049,A050,A051,H055,H056,E057,E060 Note: Carriage returns and line feeds are not sent. They are shown here to improve readability. Figure 5-12 G2 and G3 inspect output formats MASTER 0003 00 SETUP NUMBER (2 BYTES), UNIT NUMBER (1 BYTE) 010102000200040408082020 CARD COLUMN 1–12 CHECKSUM SLAVE 1...
Page 87: Figure 5-14 G6 And G7 Binary Output Formats
IEEE-488 Programming UNIT NUMBER SETUP NUMBER 2 BYTES 1 BYTE ROW H ROW A MASTER 00000000 00000011 00000000 00000001 00000001 00000010 00000000 00000010 00000000 COLUMNS 1-6 00000100 00000100 00001000 00001000 00100000 00100000 COLUMNS 7-12 XXXXXXXX CHECKSUM (1 BYTE) SLAVE 1 00000000 00000011 00000001...
Page 88: I - Insert Blank Setup
IEEE-488 Programming 5.9.9 I — Insert blank setup Purpose To insert a blank setup in memory. Format Parameters n=1 to 100 Stored relay setup Description During execution of this command, setups “n” through 99 are shifted up to the next highest lo- cation in memory (99 to 100, 98 to 99...
Page 89: L - Download Setups
3. When enabled, EOI is asserted with the last byte in the terminator. 4. When bus hold-off is enabled, all bus activity is held up for the duration of the hold-off period, not just for the duration of the communication with the Model 708A. Example ' No EOI, hold-off on X until Ready PRINT #1, "OUTPUT 18;K1X"...
Page 90: M - Srq And Serial Poll Byte
Once an SRQ is generated, the serial poll byte can be checked to determine if the Model 708A was the instrument that generated the SRQ, and, if so, what conditions caused it. The general format of the SRQ mask used to generate SRQs is shown in Figure 5-15. By sending the appropriate M command, you can set the appropriate bit(s) to enable SRQ generation if those particular conditions occur.
Page 91 Error (bit 5) — Set if an error condition occurs. Cleared by reading the U1 error status word (paragraph 5.9.20). SRQ (bit 6) — Set if the Model 708A requests service via the SRQ line; cleared by a serial poll. Programming notes 1.
Page 92: N - Open Crosspoint
H Row designation of crosspoint c=1 to 60 Column designation of crosspoint (60 with maximum of ﬁve Model 708A units) Description The N command opens crosspoints in the setup indicated by the edit pointer. If the edit pointer indi- cates the present relay setup (zero), the speciﬁed crosspoint relays are opened immediately.
Page 93: P - Clear Crosspoints
IEEE-488 Programming 5.9.16 P — Clear crosspoints Purpose To clear all crosspoints at the speciﬁed setup. Format Parameters Present relay setup n=1 to 100 Stored relay setup Description The P command clears all crosspoints in the setup indicated by its parameter. If the present relay setup (zero) is speciﬁed, all crosspoint relays are opened immediately.
Page 94: R - Restore Defaults
IEEE-488 Programming 5.9.18 R — Restore defaults Purpose To restore the Model 708A to factory default conditions. Format Parameters Restore factory defaults Description An R0 command performs the following actions: • All setups stored in memory are cleared. • Make/Break and Break/Make rows are cleared.
Page 95: T - Trigger
Programming notes 1. Duplication of trigger sources allows compatibility with other Keithley IEEE-488 instruction sets. 2. Disabling triggers before changing the trigger source is a good programming practice.
Page 96: U - Status
The factory default primary address is 18. Trigger on talk does not occur when the Model 708A becomes a talker, but rather as the controller requests the ﬁrst byte of data from the unit.
Page 97: Figure 5-17 U0 Machine Status Word
U0 machine status word U1 Error status word The U1 command allows access to Model 708A error conditions. The error status word (Figure 5-18) is a string of ASCII characters representing binary bit positions. Reading the U1 status clears the error bits. An error condition is ﬂagged in the serial poll byte while any bits in the error status word are set.
Page 98: Figure 5-19 U3 Relay Step Pointer
IDDCO — An invalid device-dependent command option (IDDCO) is received. Not in Remote — An X command is received over the bus, but the Model 708A is not in remote. Self-test Failed — The self-test detects a program ROM checksum error or a RAM error.
Page 99: Figure 5-20 U4 Number Of Slaves
Unit Number (0-4) Figure 5-21 U5 card identiﬁcation U6 Relay settling time The U6 command (Figure 5-22) requests the Model 708A to output the longest relay settling time of all cards in the system (expressed in milliseconds). Identifier RSTnnnnn <TERM+EOI>...
Page 100: Make/Break
2. To ensure that correct status is indicated, the status word should be requested immediately after the command is transmitted. The status sent by the Model 708A is that which is present at the time it is instructed to talk, not at the time the U command is received.
Page 101: W - Break/Make
1. Specifying fewer than eight numbers in the parameter ﬁeld (e.g., V1111) is invalid. The Model 708A takes no action on the rows and ﬂags an IDDCO error. 2. The rows can be programmed for one of three switching options: make/break, break/make, or don't care.
Page 102: Execute
' Restore default condition PRINT #1, "OUTPUT 18;W00000000X" 5.9.24 X — Execute Purpose To direct the Model 708A to execute device-dependent commands received since the last X. Format <command> X Description The execute command is implemented by sending an ASCII X over the bus. Its purpose is to direct the Model 708A to execute other device-dependent commands.
Page 103: Z - Copy Setup
5.9.10. EOI is asserted with the last terminator byte when enabled. 2. The programmed terminator is sent at the end of the transmission each time the Model 708A is addressed to talk, regardless of the selected data format.
Page 104: Relay Command Combinations
The string “E0Z5,0CA1X” sets the edit pointer to the relays, copies stored setup #5 to the relays, and closes crosspoint When the Model 708A is sending data to the controller (e.g., A1. A1 will be closed regardless of the state of A1 in setup uploading setup data), the transmission rate will typically be #5.
Page 105: Table 5-14 Typical Transmission And Hold-Off Times – Stand-Alone
IEEE-488 Programming Table 5-14 Typical transmission and hold-off times — stand-alone Description Command Time Notes External Trigger 4.8ms Matrix Ready 4.8ms Close Crosspoint(s) CA1X 18.6ms To relays CA1X 19.9ms To setup 55 Edit Pointer 4.4ms E100X 5.8ms Enable/Disable Triggers 4.8ms Data Format 4.4ms 835ms...
Page 106: Table 5-15 Typical Transmission And Hold-Off Times – Master And One Slave
IEEE-488 Programming Table 5-15 Typical transmission and hold-off times — master and one slave Description Command Time Notes External Trigger 12.3ms Matrix Ready 12.3ms Close Crosspoint(s) CA1X 31.5ms Edit Pointer 17.4ms E55X 18.8ms Enable/Disable Triggers 18.5ms Data Format 11.7ms Insert Blank Setup 1.7s I100X 49.9ms...
Page 107: Principles Of Operation
This section contains a functional description of the Model The Model 708A mainframe contains three circuit boards 708A in block diagram form as well as details of the various and one power supply. Relay cards that plug into the main- sections of the instrument.
Page 108: Microcomputer
The microcomputer centers around the 8-bit 68B09 micro- processor. The MPU has direct control over relay switching, The Model 708A is controlled by an internal microcomputer. front panel displays and switches, and rear panel interfaces As shown in Figure 6-2, the digital board contains the CPU, (master/slave, digital I/O, IEEE-488 bus, and triggers).
Page 109: Reset Circuit
RAM after Vcc is face adapter (VIA). The RAM is decoded as 8K bytes restored. Since this feature is not used in the Model 708A, ($0000-$1FFF) and six 4K byte banks, which appear to the the software always does a dummy read of memory locations microprocessor at addresses $2000-$2FFE.
Page 110: Relay Control Circuitry
Principles of Operation U103 U114 6522A DS-1210 VCC I VCCO VBAT2 U117 16P8A BT101 U104 U106 68B09 8832C20 Figure 6-3 RAM and battery backup Relay control circuitry Operations of relay control circuitry on the mother board and a typical switching card are described in the following para- The relay control circuits reside on the backplane board, graphs.
Page 111 Principles of Operation On the mother board, U131, U129, U128, U127, and U130 (74HCT08) AND gate to go high. This signal (ACTIVE) form an 8-bit parallel-in, serial out data converter. When the gates the microprocessor E clock through a U127 microprocessor executes a write to the address decoded for (74HCT00) NAND, which is buffered by U137 and sent to U131 (a 74HCT165 shift register), the data bus contents are...
Page 112: Switching Card Logic
• Card model number edge-sensitive. The ﬁrst EPROM address used by the Model 708A is location one, not zero. • Relay (hardware) settling time 4. The same CLK signal that shifts RELAYDATA into the •...
Page 113: Figure 6-7 Iddata Timing Diagram
Principles of Operation 8KX8 EPROM PARALLEL TO SERIAL DATA BUFFER NEXT ADRS CLOCK ADRS IDDATA RELAYDATA 12-BIT COUNTER ENABLE CLOCK CLEAR SELECT CLEAR ADRS CLOCK IDDATA STROBE CLOCK SERIAL TO PARALLEL RELAYDATA RELAY DRIVERS ENABLE STROBE POWER ON n card-specific RESET RELAYS Figure 6-6...
Page 114: Display Circuitry
The STROBE signal is received by all cards Display circuitry regardless of the state of their respective card select lines. Model 708A display circuitry includes components needed Power-on safeguard to control the front panel annunciator LEDs, crosspoint Each card has a power-on safeguard circuit to ensure that re- LEDs, and to read front panel switches.
Page 115: Figure 6-8 Display Board Block Diagram
Principles of Operation SOURCE DRIVERS U203 DISPDATA DISCRETE LEDS SOURCE DRIVERS SINK DRIVERS U205 - U206 U204 ARRAY U205-U206 SINK DRIVERS KEY ARRAY U207 U209 DIGIT DECODE SHIFTREG KEYDATA KEYDATA LOAD KEYCLK KEYCLK U208 DISPDATA DISPDATA SHIFT REG DISPCLK BLANK Figure 6-8 Display board block diagram U125...
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Page 117: Display Data
Principles of Operation 6.5.1 Display data Signal FPCLK is generated for both serial output (display) and serial input (keyboard) operations. This single bi-direc- The mother board sends display data (DISPDATA) to the tional port is converted to two uni-directional ports by two front panel control board serially.
Page 118: Light Pen Interface
Principles of Operation Light pen interface The microprocessor can clear ﬂip-ﬂop U130 by setting the LPRESET output of U103 high. This signal also gets driven The light pen interface circuitry is on the front panel control onto the master/slave connectors by open-collector driver board.
Page 119: Master/Slave Circuitry
Relay K101 is energized when power is the input connector on the next switching matrix in the loop. applied to the Model 708A. All other interface signals (M/S TRIGGER, ALLREADY LPRESET, and LPSENSE) are common to input and output Slave units negate RTS except when responding to a request connectors.
Page 120: Control Signals
+6V is regulated to +5V using one LM2940 regulator. The LM2940 supplies +5V to the display, The Model 708A has an IEEE-488 standard interface that digital circuitry, backplane, switch cards, and micro-DIN allows the instrument to be programmed from a system con- connections.
Page 121 Principles of Operation U119 74HCT374 HCT244 OUT 0 OUT 1 OUT 2 OUT 3 OUT 4 OUT 5 OUT 6 OUT 7 SELECT_LO_OUT U118 74HCT374 SELECT_HI_OUT U133 HCT373 IN 0 IN 1 IN 2 IN 3 IN 4 IN 5 IN 6 IN 7 SELECT_LO_IN...
Page 122: Maintenance
ﬁxed mounting (rack mounting parts) of a Model Switching Matrix with screws (Item F). 708A in a 19 inch wide rack (24 to 30 inches deep). The parts 5. Remove feet from bottom of Model 708A Switching are included with each Model 708A Switching System order.
Page 123: Figure 7-1 Rack Installation
Maintenance Front Rack Flange Scews Screw (Item D) (Item D) Dress Panel Scews (Item A) Screw (Item D) (Item D) Front Rack Flange Fastener Nut (Item C) Fasteners Fastener Nut (Item C) Figure 7-1 Rack installation Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 124 Maintenance Model 708 Switching System Dress Panel (Item A) Screws (Item F) Handle (Item B) Screws (Item E) Foot Screw Rubber Insert Figure 7-1 (cont.) Rack installation Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 125: Cover Removal
Also refer replacing the fuse. to assembly drawings 708A-050 and 708A-051 at the end of this section. 1. Turn off the Model 708A Switching System. Disconnect WARNING the instrument from the power line and other equipment.
Page 126: Battery Replacement
When line power to the Model 708A is turned off, the lithium 7. Bulk quantities of lithium batteries battery on the mother board provides backup power to the should be disposed of as hazardous memory in which setups and parameters are stored.
Page 127: Digital I/O Power Selection (Jumper W101)
Maintenance Digital I/O power selection (jumper 1. Turn off the Model 708A Switching System. Disconnect the instrument from the power line and other equipment. W101) 2. Remove the cover (paragraph 7.3). 3. Remove the shield. (Refer to assembly drawing Jumper W101 is used to select between the internal and 708A-051 at the end of this section.)
Page 128: Disassembly
Always leave the devices in their original containers until ready for installation. 1. Turn off the Model 708A Switching System. Disconnect 2. Remove the devices from their pro- the instrument from the power line and other equipment.
Page 129: Switching System Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting programs Switching system troubleshooting 7.9.2 Power-up self-test As described in Section 4, the Model 708A performs a series This troubleshooting information is intended for qualiﬁed of tests on power-up. Individual tests in this series that can be personnel having a basic understanding of digital and analog used for troubleshooting a Model 708A include: circuitry.
Page 130: Power Supply Checks
7.9.4 Mother board checks 7.9.3 Power supply checks The procedures to check circuitry on the mother board, The Model 708A Switching System power supply will resist including the microcomputer, relay control circuitry, display problems affecting conventional power supplies. The power...
Page 131: Table 7-6 Digital I/O Checks
Maintenance Table 7-4 Relay control checks Step Item/component Signal Comments U103 pin 23 SELECT VIA Low going pulses (1kHz). U137 pin 5 CLRADDR High logic pulse at start of each matrix card ID byte transfer sequence on power-up. U137 pin 3 NEXTADDR Low logic pulse before each byte transfer from matrix card on power-up.
Page 132: Table 7-7 Light Pen Checks
Maintenance Table 7-7 Light pen checks Step Item/component Signal Comments The following mother board signals are referenced to digital common. U103 pin 23 SELECT VIA Low going pulses (1kHz). U126 pin 12 SENSEPULSE Low going pulse (15µsec) when light pen is pointed at lit LED. U126 pin 9 LPSWITCH Low logic level when light pen button is pressed.
Page 133: Figure 7-5 Relay Control Waveforms
Maintenance SELECT RELAYDATA RELAYDATA Figure 7-5 Relay control waveforms Repeated every 1msec FP CLK 895 kHz Repeated every 1msec DIS P CLK 895 kHz Repeated every 1msec KE YCLK 895 kHz DIS P DATA 1ms ec KE YDATA 1ms ec Figure 7-6 Display interface waveforms 7-12...
Page 134: Display Checks
A troubleshooting procedure is outlined in Table 7-9. The following procedure describes how to clean high imped- ance PC boards, such as the Model 708A backplane, but it 7.9.6 Using an extender card can be used to clean all PC boards. To remove the backplane, refer to paragraph 2.2.
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Page 140: Replaceable Parts
2. Complete the service form at the back of this manual, and include it with the instrument. The parts lists for the Model 708A are shown in Tables 8-1 3. Carefully pack the instrument in the original packing through 8-5.
Page 141: Table 8-1 Model 708A Mother Board, Parts List
Replaceable Parts Table 8-1 Model 708A mother board, parts list Circuit designation Description Keithley part no. 40-PIN SOCKET FOR U103,104,108 SO-84-40 BATTERY HOLDER FOR BT101 BH-34 CONNECTOR CS-276 CONNECTOR, FEMALE, 4 PIN, SHAPELESS CS-716-4 CONNECTOR, JUMPER FOR W101 CS-476 SOCKET, I.C. 28 PIN FOR U105...
Page 142 Replaceable Parts Table 8-1 (cont.) Model 708A mother board, parts list Circuit designation Description Keithley part no. S101,102 SWITCH SW-497A U101 IC,+5V VOLTAGE REGULATOR,LM2940CT IC-576 U102 IC,8 BIT PAR OUT SHIFT REG,74HCT164 IC-456 U103 IC, VERSATILE INTERFACE ADAPTER, 6522A LSI-45...
Page 143: Table 8-2 Model 708A Front Panel Control Board, Parts List
Replaceable Parts Table 8-2 Model 708A front panel control board, parts list Circuit designation Description Keithley part no. CONN, FEMALE, 3 PIN, SHAPELESS CS-287-3 CONNECTOR CS-276 POWER BUTTON FOR S205 7002-323-1A C201,203 CAP,.1UF,20%,50V,CERAMIC C-365-.1 C202,204-211 CAP,.01UF,20%,50V,CERAMIC C-365-.01 CR201-203 DIODE,SILICON,IN4148 (DO-35)
Page 144: Table 8-4 Model 708A Display Board, Parts List
Replaceable Parts Table 8-4 Model 708A display board, parts list Circuit designation Description Keithley part no. J1016 CONNECTOR, 26 PIN CS-889-1 DS400-DS500 PILOT LIG, HSMH-T400, LED PL-92-1 Table 8-5 Model 708A miscellaneous, parts list Description Keithley part no. BOTTOM COVER...
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Page 151: Card Conﬁguration Worksheet
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Page 152 Card Configuration Worksheet Card model number: _____________________ Stand-alone _____________________________ Master _____________ Slave 1 _____________ Slave 2 _____________ Slave 3 _____________ Slave 4 ___________ System size: Total crosspoints _________ rows __________ columns ___________ IEEE address ___________ FROM External Card (Instrument connection or DUT pin) Connection (Instrument connection or DUT pin) Row A...
Page 153: I/O Connections
I/O Connections Typical output connection schemes Relay control — Figure B-2 shows a digital output connec- tion scheme to control relays. This example assumes that the The following examples show output connections from the internal 5.3V source is being used, and the pull-up resistors I/O circuitry to external circuitry and summarize the required for output channels 9, 10, and 11 are removed.
Page 154: Typical Input Connection Scheme
I/O Connections Motor control — Figure B-3 shows a digital output connec- goes low. The binary 5 seen at the DMUX input (1, 0, 1) tion scheme to control small 12VDC motors. An external selects (pulls low) Y5. 12V source is used to provide the necessary voltage level. This example assumes that the pull-up resistors for channels 14 and 15 are removed.
Page 155: Introduction
IEEE-488 Bus Overview Introduction Bus description The IEEE-488 bus is a communication system between two The IEEE-488 bus, which is also referred to as the GPIB or more electronic devices. A device can be either an instru- (General Purpose Interface Bus), was designed as a parallel ment or a computer.
Page 156 Secondary addresses lie DEVICE 3 in the range of $60-$7F. Note, however, that many devices, ONLY ABLE TO LISTEN including the Model 708A, do not use secondary addressing. (PRINTER) GENERAL INTERFACE Once a device is addressed to talk or listen, the appropriate MANAGEMENT bus transactions take place.
Page 157: Bus Lines
IEEE-488 Bus Overview Bus lines • DAV (DATA VALID) — The source controls the state of the DAV line to indicate to any listening devices The signal lines on the IEEE-488 bus are grouped into three whether or not data bus information is valid. different categories: data lines, management lines, and hand- •...
Page 158: Bus Commands
IEEE-488 Bus Overview Bus commands by the controller or other devices depending on the direction of data transfer. The following is a description of each com- The instrument may be given a number of special bus com- mand. Each command is sent by setting the corresponding mands through the IEEE-488 interface.
Page 159: Universal Multiline Commands
• SCG (Secondary Command Group) — Commands in this group provide additional addressing capabilities. • DCL (Device Clear) — DCL is used to return instru- Many devices (including the Model 708A) do not use ments to some default state. Instruments usually return these commands.
Page 160: Command Codes
IEEE-488 Bus Overview Figure C-3 Command codes Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com...
Page 161: Typical Command Sequences
C.4.7 Typical command sequences C.4.8 IEEE command groups For the various multiline commands, a speciﬁc bus sequence Command groups supported by the Model 708A are listed in must take place to properly send the command. In particular, Table C-5. the correct listen address must be sent to the instrument before it will respond to addressed commands.
Page 162: Table
The the T function. Instrument talker capabilities (T5) exist interface function codes for the Model 708A are listed in only after the instrument has been addressed to talk. Table C-6.
Page 163 Index A — External trigger 5-15 D—Digital output 5-17 G — Data format 5-19 Address commands C-5 Data lines C-3 General bus command programming 5-9 Address decoding 6-3 DCL (device clear) 5-10 General information 1-1 Addressed multiline commands C-5 Device-dependent command (DDC) pro- GET (group execute trigger) 5-10 Analog backplane cable construction 3-20 gramming 5-11...
Page 164 Storing relay setup and applying setup to relays 3-24 K — EOI and hold-off 5-24 P — Clear crosspoints 5-29 Switches/connections 3-3 Parts lists 8-1 Switching card interface 6-4 Power supplies 6-14 Switching card logic 6-6 Power supply checks 7-9 Switching system troubleshooting 7-8 Power switch 4-2 System expansion issues 3-18...
Page 165 Service Form Model No. Serial No. Date Name and Telephone No. Company List all control settings, describe problem and check boxes that apply to problem. Intermittent Analog output follows display Particular range or function bad; specify IEEE failure Obvious problem on power-up Batteries and fuses are OK Front panel operational All ranges or functions are bad...
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Keithley 708A Instruction Manual

1 General Information

2 Card Installation

3 Getting Started

4 Operation

5 IEEE-488 Programming

6 Principles of Operation

7 Maintenance

8 Replaceable Parts

Card Conﬁguration Worksheet

I/O Connections

100 C IEEE-488 Bus Overview

Quick Links

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Questions and answers

Summary of Contents for Keithley 708A

Table of Contents