Rohill TetraNode R-8070 Manual
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Rohill TetraNode R-8070 Manual

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TetraNode Base Station System Manual

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  • Page 1 Manual TetraNode Base Station System Manual...
  • Page 2 This manual is copyrighted; it may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form without prior consent in writing from Rohill Technologies B.V. Rohill Technologies B.V.
  • Page 3 Introduction TetraNode Base Station System Manual Warnings and Cautions Caution: This manual contains important information concerning installation, maintenance and user instructions for the R-8070 based TetraNode Base Station. Read the following pages before installing or using the equipment. Warning: This Equipment MUST be connected to a SAFETY EARTH. Warning: Do NOT operate the TetraNode Base Station without a suitable high-power 50Ω...
  • Page 4 All power installations must additionally comply with all local wiring regulations. Warning: Do NOT fit 3 party equipment into this cabinet. Operating the equipment with non-Rohill-approved components inside invalidates all warranties and may compromise your safety! Issue 1.0, August 2010...
  • Page 5 Caution: The transmitter output and receiver input filters are qualified by Rohill for their high performance and form part of the output filtering circuit. They must not be replaced with alternatives nor be manually re-tuned.

  • Page 6: Table Of Contents

    Introduction TetraNode Base Station System Manual Table of Contents 1 Introduction ....................9 1.1 Scope .........................9 1.2 Base Station System overview ................9 1.3 System Options ....................10 1.3.1 Number of carriers ..................10 1.3.2 Cabinet ......................10 1.3.3 Power supply ....................10 1.3.4 Frequency bands ..................11 1.3.5 Transmitter output power ................12 1.3.6 Transmitter combining .................12 1.3.7 Receiver Diversity ..................12...
  • Page 7 Introduction TetraNode Base Station System Manual 3.1 Equipment room requirements ................33 3.1.1 Equipment-room earth .................34 3.2 Installation – floor standing cabinets ..............34 3.2.1 Ventilation and cooling .................35 3.3 Installation – wall mounting cabinets ..............35 3.3.1 Ventilation and cooling .................36 3.4 Power-supply and Earthing ................36 3.4.1 Earthing .......................36 3.4.2 AC Power cables ..................37 3.4.3 DC Power cables ..................37...
  • Page 8 Introduction TetraNode Base Station System Manual 6.1 Basic Configuration ....................57 6.2 BER test Configuration ..................58 6.3 Setting transceiver channel and power & BER-test enable ........58 6.3.1 Operational status (based on NMS for R-8060!) ..........60 6.3.2 Base station transceiver (based on NMS for R-8060!) ........60 6.3.3 Device (based on NMS for R-8060!) ...............61 6.4 Additional notes/hints ....................62 6.5 Testing with Aeroflex 3901 {was IFR2968 - review required} .......62...

  • Page 9: Introduction

    All Rohill Base Stations are supplied fully assembled and tested. It remains only for antenna connections, power and system (network) connections to be made.

  • Page 10: System Options

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 1.3 System Options 1.3.1 Number of carriers Note - one TETRA transceiver (carrier) supports four time-division duplex channels. Each channel is a frequency duplex pair (simultaneous transmit and receive). One of the four channels is always required for control. However only one control-channel is required per site.

  • Page 11: Frequency Bands

    DC bus. 1.3.3.1 Specials If customers need to provide local mains-DC or DC/DC solutions, then Rohill must be consulted to qualify these for impedance, noise and ripple. If solar-cell, battery back-up or other specialised solutions are required, these should be designed to interface to one of these standard power supply solutions.

  • Page 12: Transmitter Output Power

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 1.3.5 Transmitter output power The standard maximum output power of the R-8070 transceiver (before antenna combining) is +46dBm (approx 40W). Higher powers are available in the 851-870MHz band as a special to allow +44dBm (~25W) AFTER combining. However, consideration should be given to available uplink power to avoid the situation where mobiles/portables cannot talk back to the system.

  • Page 13: Tbs-Syn Timing Reference

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 1.3.8 TBS-SYN Timing reference The R-8070 site always contains at least one timing reference. This can be either with or without GPS receiver. Note - Seamless handover is only supported when the system is locked to GPS. A second reference is required for dual-redundant operation.

  • Page 14: Design For Redundancy

    Marine use is an extreme version of transportable use requiring use of equipment whist in motion and subject to vibration. Consider also power supplies and nearby high power RF sources such as radars. In all cases, contact your Rohill representative to confirm compliance details. Issue 1.0, August 2010...

  • Page 15: Technical Description

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2 Technical description 2.1 Transmitter The R-8070 transceiver contains a high-power, high-purity, single-carrier transmitter capable of output powers up to +46dBm (40W) before combining. Higher powers are available as specials, e.g. to provide 25W/carrier after combining.

  • Page 16: Receivers

    Demodulated data is streamed to the TNX where all higher layer protocols are implemented. This means for example that, if used, air interface encryption is still present even on links to site thus giving Rohill systems greater security than most competitive systems.

  • Page 17: Internal Power Supplies

    Power supplies are designed to provide for worst-case loads. These are normally experienced at highest temperatures. Battery back-up and UPS options are supported but not normally supplied by Rohill. Contact your local agent. The R-8070 system supports a low power mode for use with solar-cell systems. Warning: If dual power supplies are used for redundancy, ensure warnings are clearly posted on the cabinet and double circuit isolators are provided.

  • Page 18: Transceiver Controller

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual Base Station interface for local analogue base stations • E&M interface for PBX signalling • IP/Ethernet 10 Base T. • These interfaces can be used for local connection to third party equipment. See TEP-Rack documentation for further information. See also network considerations in the Installation section.
  • Page 19 TetraNode Base Station System Manual (optional, but recommended) GPS satellite signals are used to phase lock and auto-calibrate the reference. GPS is required continuously for system supporting seamless handover. Management information is available to the network via the transceiver control. External devices can be connected to the I/O connector: Signal Description...

  • Page 20: Example Configurations

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2.7 Example configurations A three carrier base site with triple receiver diversity could be configured as shown in Figure 1 : TBS-SYN TBS-SYN R-8070 1..3 Tx Combining/ Rx LNA-Splitters 1..3 R-8070 1..3 R-8070 Backhaul Remote network Ethernet/ V.11...

  • Page 21: Carrier Cabinet Layout

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2.7.1 2 carrier cabinet layout Figure 2, Internal View 2 Carrier R-8070 Base Station Issue 1.0, August 2010...

  • Page 22: Carrier Cabinet Layout

    ALRM GPS 1GPS 2 IN 1 IN 2 TBS-SYN GPS# +3.3Vdc +3.3Vdc TETRA Synchronization Unit R-8070 Copyright 2010, Rohill Engineering B.V. Commercial in confidence, no rights obtainable R-8070 R-8070 R-8070 Cavity Combiner Cavity Combiner Figure 3, Internal View 4 Carrier R-8070 Base Station...

  • Page 23: Internal Cabinet Connections

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2.8 Internal Cabinet Connections Except for antenna, network and power connections, all other connections are supplied pre-connected. This reference section is only required if re-configuring or expanding a system. All internal-cable connections are located at the rear of the enclosure. This is illustrated in Figure 3.
  • Page 24 The maximum output current per connection is 1.0 A at 13.2 V . The lines are independently protected against short circuit with self-resetting fuses. The connectors are a Phoenix type and are available from Rohill or your Rohill distributor. Use colour-coded multi-strand cable with a minimum cross-section of 0.5 mm .
  • Page 25 TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2.8.1.4 Network connection(s) to switch The R-8070 provides a choice of TNSP/V.11 (DB15) connector or IP/Ethernet (RJ45) connector at the rear for indirect connection to the TetraNode switch (TNX). It is possible to configure both connections for main and standby use in a redundant system.
  • Page 26 TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2.8.1.5 Transmit Antenna connector The female-N-type Tx power connector at the rear has a 50 & unbalanced characteristic impedance. Connect to the antenna system in accordance with the antenna supplier’s instructions. Use a good quality flexible coax tail, preferably with double-screened outer braid.

  • Page 27: Transceiver User Interface

    R-8070 via the SYNC input connector. The spare input is for use in dual- redundant systems. The R-8070 is designed for a (dual) star connection of synchronisation clocks. If support for legacy daisy-chained connections is required, contact your Rohill representative. 2.8.1.8 RS-232 / DB15 connector An asynchronous RS-232 serial port is available on the DB15 connector.
  • Page 28 TetraNode Base Station System Manual Figure 5, R-8070 front view 2.8.2.1 Auto display states {provisional} The LCD display provides the information as shown in Meaning of display background colours GREEN/NONE Normal operation, unsynchronised BLUE Synchronised and configured - normal operation YELLOW Warning/old-alarm (not resolved) New Alarm...

  • Page 29: Transceiver Alarms{Provisional

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual off-line/on-line, fan speed, temperatures, VSWR (versus alarm thresholds) Active Alarms About serial numbers, software version numbers, uptime 2.8.2.3 Reset button {provisional} Pressing the “Reset” soft-key will force a hard-reset of the R-8070. The R-8070 will restart itself, connect to the TNX and receive the configuration data from the TNX.

  • Page 30: Receiver Multi-Coupler/Duplexer Layout

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2.8.4.1 Connector Details Label Description IN 1, IN 2 Twin DC power inputs 12-13.8V RS-232 (DB 9) Connector for RS-232 diagnostics - factory only Input/Output (DB 15) connections for 3 party anciallries etc. {pin-out definition required} LEDs Power on (green) ALRM...

  • Page 31: Transmitter Hybrid Rear Panel Layout

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2.8.5.2 Connector Details - RMC Label Description Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, Rx4 4x Rx antenna outputs (50 Ω female QMA) Rx Ant Rx antenna connection (50 Ω female N-type) Connect earth cable with ring termination to M6 stud 2.8.6 Transmitter hybrid rear panel layout Figure 8: Tx 4-channel hybrid rear panel connector layout 2.8.6.1 Connector Details - Hybrid...
  • Page 32 TetraNode Base Station System Manual 2.8.7 Transmitter cavity combiner layout Figure 9: Tx 2-channel auto-tune cavity-combiner rear panel connector layout Note – the 4 channel cavity consists of 2x 2-channel cavities with a combining harness between the two OUT connections. The harness consists of critical length cables and must NOT be modified.

  • Page 33: Installation And Configuration

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 3 Installation and configuration The initial alignment and calibration (and if required, factory acceptance testing) of the units is performed in the factory. This section describes the installation after delivery. The cabinets are shipped fully equipped and ready for use. The basic sequence for installation should be: 1.

  • Page 34: Equipment-Room Earth

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual temperature. Consider the likelihood of rapid rises in air temperature that may leave equipment (with high thermal mass) temporarily at a lower temperature. In the equipment room, ensure that temperature remains within the maximum and minimum operating-limits of the equipment in use.

  • Page 35: Ventilation And Cooling

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual The rack is supported on four feet, but also has two wheels at the front for easy installation. When in position, wind the feet down to equalise the support and level the cabinet. Ensure that the rear panel can be lifted off if required and the associated earth strap can be removed/replaced without damage.

  • Page 36: Ventilation And Cooling

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual All cable entry is underneath. Connections should be further protected against weather as required. Ensure the earth cable is connected first. 3.3.1 Ventilation and cooling Ventilation is from lower left (front) to upper right (rear) door. Ensure hot air is not re-circulated.

  • Page 37: Ac Power Cables

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual Once the protective earth connection is made, other work may proceed. If multiple cabinets are installed, independently star-connect to the safety earths. If third party equipment (e.g. power supplies, line equipment) are used, check that the touch currents (leakage to ground) will not accidentally trip building RCDs (residual current breakers).

  • Page 38: Network Connections

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual Should the external power supply sub-system contain batteries then consideration should be given to providing automated (charge) management functions. This is because(lead-acid) charging end-voltage (and thus battery life) is very sensitive to ambient temperature. Batteries should be fused close to their terminals and kept in a ventilated location away from other equipment.

  • Page 39: Antenna System

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual The bandwidth requirement for a single carrier TBS is 50 kbps using IP. If you apply a maximum load of 80% to the lowest capacity link segment, it is then recommended to specify/reserve a minimum of 62.5 kbps/carrier. In IP networks, the so-called serialization and buffering delays, caused by routers and protocol converters, can result in exceeding the 20 ms recommendation.

  • Page 40: Lightning Protection

    3.6.2 Lightning protection Warning: The reader is advised to seek specialist advice on this subject . Rohill accepts no liability for failure of designs that may be based upon the following advice! DO NOT WORK ON OR TOUCH ANY SYSTEM WHEN LOCAL ELECTRICAL STORM ACTIVITY IS PRESENT.
  • Page 41 TetraNode Base Station System Manual A correctly designed lightning protection system can protect a radio transmitter from the effects of most direct strikes. Adding effective protection to a system after initial installation can be considerably more difficult, therefore consider lightning protection requirements from the outset of system design. Lightning protection components are not supplied as standard and are the responsibility of the antenna-site engineer.

  • Page 42: Diversity Reception

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual If using breakdown devices, silicon diodes are generally preferred as they are faster and have a better defined breakdown voltage. Gas discharge types can often cause intermodulation due to “gradual” (softer) turn-on characteristics. If using breakdown protection, ensure the following values are exceeded # 40W carriers Min.

  • Page 43: Single Receiver Antenna Operation

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 3.6.4 Single Receiver antenna operation Diversity reception is not necessary for a basic system. It is possible to operate with a single antenna (shared between Rx and Tx) or two antennas (for separate Rx/Tx). Drawing to be added Figure 10, Single receiver Antenna options To optimise noise rejection, unused inputs should also be disabled in software.

  • Page 44: Triple Antennas

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual Drawing to be added Figure 11, Dual receiver Antenna options Care must be taken to ensure that transmit and receive coverage is approximately the same. 3.6.6 Triple Antennas Diversity antennas can be configured for omni-directional or directional coverage. Adding a third antenna in line with the other antennas increases the gain in a directional (beam) manner.

  • Page 45: Receiver Multi-Coupler, Low Noise Amplifier, Splitter

    Otherwise receiver intermodulation and/or blocking will occur. Powers of up to -10dBm are not uncommon. This tends to be a conflicting requirement with good noise figures, Rohill's RMCs are optimised in this regard and also provide very high immunity to unwanted nearby emissions.

  • Page 46: Minimization Of Exposure To Non-Ionizing Radiation

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual higher than may be expected due to the combination of several Tx outputs with high peak-mean ratios. At higher power levels, soldered joints should be used in preference to crimp or compression joints. All connectors should have the same plating types to avoid galvanic contacts.
  • Page 47 TetraNode Base Station System Manual In the absence of clear scientific evidence, it is a general axiom that the greater the (RF) energy involved, the greater potential for both immediate and long term harm there is. For example, the radiation associated with nuclear physics has enough energy per cycle/particle to cause ionization (whereby atoms / molecules are stripped of an electron) and thus potentially cause damage to DNA.
  • Page 48 TetraNode Base Station System Manual In the range 10 – 400 MHz the E-field value should be less than 28 V/m. (see Annex II to Recommendation 1999/519/EC Table 2) The electric field E (V/m) is calculated from assuming the transmitter power P(W) is distributed over the surface of a sphere with radius d (isotropic radiator), where d is the distance from the antenna in meters.
  • Page 49 TetraNode Base Station System Manual 3.6.10.5 Conclusion A safe distance for the example transmitter above would be > 29 cm. Useful figures Typical small duplexer loss= 1.4 dB Typical 2:1 hybrid loss= 3.4 dB Typical isolator forward loss = 0.27 dB Typical cable losses: UR67/RG213 coaxial cable = 15.4 dB/ 100 m LDF 4-50 heliax...

  • Page 50: Transceiver Configuration

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 3.7 Transceiver Configuration The configuration of the R-8070(s) is performed from the R-910 Network Management System (NMS). The R-8070 requires configuration of the following basic parameters before it can be activated: • Channel number (channel# = (frequency_in_MHz - Base_Frequency )/0.025) where Base Frequency = 300, 400 or 800 MHz.

  • Page 51: Maintenance And Replacement

    Diagnostics are performed locally or remotely with appropriate software and repair is by component replacement. Spares holding and support requirements should be negotiated through your Rohill representative. The network connection(s) can be used for actions such as remote download of software updates.

  • Page 52: Replacement Of An R-8070

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual • Check the Alarm and Failure flags. If there are any reported errors, take action to clear them as described in section , Error codes R-8070. 4.4 Replacement of an R-8070 Replacement of an R-8070 transceiver interrupts the service for the terminals operating on this channel.

  • Page 53: Replacement Of An Rmc

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 19. Ensure the TNX is restarted so that the site information is distributed to all R-8070s in the system. 4.5 Replacement of an RMC Replacement of a receiver multi-coupler will temporarily remove all signals from one receive antenna.

  • Page 54: Troubleshooting

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 5 Troubleshooting 5.1 General Caution: Service and /or maintenance of the equipment should only be carried out by qualified service technicians. 5.2 R-8070 Alarm messages The R-8070 executes continuous measurements on critical parameters such as output power and level of linearization (which influences the quality of the transmitted signal).
  • Page 55 TetraNode Base Station System Manual Calibration phase #1 has failed 1. Within one minute after power on ignore Power Amplifier high temperature 1. Check if PA fan is running + ventilation is unblocked 2. Check antenna connection (Tx) 3. Replace R-8070 Power Amplifier high reverse 1.
  • Page 56 TetraNode Base Station System Manual Warning B8 is shown on selection of the Fallback SYN input (if available). If there is still a specific problem, this will be shown as B5, B6 or B7. If no Fallback SYN input is available, the specific problem will be indicated as B5, B6 or B7 on basis of analysis of the Main SYN input signals.

  • Page 57: Transceiver Test Instructions (With Tnx/Nmt)

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 6 Transceiver Test Instructions (with TNX/NMT) Because the R-8070 performs measurements on critical parameters itself, it is not normally necessary to use separate test equipment for troubleshooting. However, a carrier may be taken off-line and set into transmit to enable the checking of some parameters.

  • Page 58: Ber Test Configuration

    3 party power supplies. Ensure the supply has sufficient power handling and peak current capability. Contact your Rohill support agent if in doubt. 6.2 BER test Configuration In addition to the above, ensure the following: Transmitter output is connected to the RF test set.
  • Page 59 TetraNode Base Station System Manual [+] External Gateways [+] Number plan profiles [+] Protocol [+] Trunks [-] TNX 192.168.200.1 [-] Node [+] DeviceFunctions [-] Devices [+] Conventional [+] Telephone [-] Tetra [+] R-8050 [-] R-8060 -80600814018 {example number} [-] R-8070 -80700947012 {example number} [+] TnPnPR8060...

  • Page 60: Operational Status (Based On Nms For R-8060!)

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual These three icons provide access to the functions required as follows. 6.3.1 Operational status (based on NMS for R-8060!) double-left-click to show a summary window This contains three tabs. Monitoring tab shows Alarm list (normally empty) Output power (Watts) Note, TETRANode transceivers are actually specified and calibrated in integer dBm increments, so values in W are an approximation.

  • Page 61: Device (Based On Nms For R-8060!)

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual Transmit power dBm (& approximate value in Watts) <set Tx power here> Bad SWR alarm threshold (%) Signalling tab shows System mode <normal> or <BER measurement> <select this to enable BER testing> A window will be displayed containing the BER test results for the different average periods.

  • Page 62: Testing With Aeroflex 3901 {Was Ifr2968 - Review Required

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual The BER test window shows several different averages which are specified in the TETRA standard. Some of these take a VERY long time to calculate! Do not disturb the set-up whilst making a measurement. In some views within the NMS, when a transceiver is disabled, the icon changes to additionally show a small red cross.
  • Page 63 TetraNode Base Station System Manual The following steps should be executed to perform a transmitter performance test: Turn ON the IFR 2968 Test Set Press the “SYSTEMS” mode key. Wait until the digital system is initialized. Press the “TETRA base” soft key Press the “SET-UP”...
  • Page 64 TetraNode Base Station System Manual • Residual carrier magnitude in %. Should be less than 5%. • The Mobile Country Code (MCC) • The Mobile Network Code (MNC) • The Base Colour Code (BSS) • Location Area (LA) The information should match the configuration within the TNX. Issue 1.0, August 2010...

  • Page 65: Specifications

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 7 Specifications 7.1 General transceiver specifications Parameter Specification Manufacturer Rohill, http://www.rohill.com Type R-8070 Power supply voltage 18 to 36 V (24 V nominal) Power consumption per carrier 35 W standby (excludes ancillary site equipment) 180 W typical for 40W...

  • Page 66: Transmitter Specifications

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 7.3 Transmitter specifications Parameter Specification Tx Frequency 350-370; 380-400; 410-430; 450-470 MHz Duplex Spacing 7; 8; 10; 18 MHz, reversible Carrier Spacing 25 kHz Frequency Offset -6,25, 0, +6,25 or +12,5 kHz /4 DQPSK Modulation Format Data Rate 36 kbps ITU Emission Designation...

  • Page 67: Ce Compliance

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 8 CE Compliance Add copy of Declaration of Conformity here. Issue 1.0, August 2010...
  • Page 68 съответства на основните изисквания, както и на други приложими разпоредби на Директива 1999/5/EC. Czech Rohill Technologies B.V. tímto prohlašuje, že tento BSS je ve shodě se základními požadavky a dalšími příslušnými ustanoveními směrnice 1999/5/ES. Danish Undertegnede Rohill Technologies B.V. erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr BSS overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
  • Page 69 Šiuo Rohill Technologies B.V. deklaruoja, kad šis BSS atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/ES Direktyvos nuostatas. Spanish Por medio de la presente Rohill Technologies B.V. declara que el BSS cumple con los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.

  • Page 70: Other Approvals

    8.1 Other approvals The R-8070 is approved for use in many lands and territories around the world. Please contact your Rohill representative for further help if required. 8.2 RoHS The R-8070 is compliant with the European Directive on Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS).

  • Page 71: Glossary

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 9 Glossary Issue 1.0, August 2010...
  • Page 72 TetraNode Base Station System Manual Issue 1.0, August 2010...

  • Page 73: Index

    TetraNode Base Station System Manual 10 Index Notch filters 37 Fuse 23 Bandwidth 34 Batteries 36 Matrix display 17, 26 Combiner iii, 38, 42 Non-ionizing radiation 43, 44 Diversity 37, 39, 41 Duplexer 48 Polarization 37, 39 Power Amplifier 52, 61 Power supply iv, 23, 36, 49, 53 Protective earth iv, 33, 36 Electromagnetic fields 43, 44...

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