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RFL™ PLC Hybrid Pro
User Guide
Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. – RFL™ Products
353 Powerville Road ● Boonton Twp., NJ 07005-9151 USA
Tel: 973.334.3100 ● Fax: 973.334.3863
Email: Customer.Service@RFLelect.com ● www.rflelect.com
Publication Number RF-MCHYBRIDPRO-01
Version 01, Printed in U.S.A.
June 3, 2019
This entire
document is the property of
Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. (HPS)
and may not be reproduced,
transmitted, published or stored in an electronic retrieval system, in whole or in part, by any means –
electronic or otherwise. For permission, contact:
customer.service@rflelect.com
1
Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. – RFL™ Products
HPS/RFL GARD Pro System
June 2019
(c)2019 Hubbell Incorporated
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Table of Contents
Summary of Contents for Hubbel RFL PLC Hybrid Pro
- Page 1 RFL™ PLC Hybrid Pro User Guide Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. – RFL™ Products 353 Powerville Road ● Boonton Twp., NJ 07005-9151 USA Tel: 973.334.3100 ● Fax: 973.334.3863 Email: Customer.Service@RFLelect.com ● www.rflelect.com Publication Number RF-MCHYBRIDPRO-01 Version 01, Printed in U.S.A. June 3, 2019 This entire document is the property of Hubbell Power Systems, Inc.
- Page 2 NOTICE The information in this manual is proprietary and confidential to Hubbell® Power Systems, Inc. (“HPS”). Any reproduction or distribution of this manual, in whole or part, is expressly prohibited, unless written permission is given by HPS. This manual has been compiled and checked for accuracy; however, HPS makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of the information in this manual.
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Safety Instructions ......................6 Warnings and Safety Summary ....................6 1.1.1 Safety Summary ....................6 1.1.2 Additional Warnings....................8 1.1.3 Additional Cautions ....................8 Introduction ........................9 Example Applications and Recommended Configurations ..........10 One Transmitter, One Receiver (FSK) ..................10 Two Transmitters, Two Receivers (FSK) ................. - Page 4 Figure 10 – Balanced Hybrid, Top View ....................16 Figure 11 – Balanced Hybrid, Rear Panel ....................16 Figure 12 – Balanced Hybrid, Front Panel (test points) ................. 17 Figure 13 – Skewed Hybrid, Functional Diagram .................. 17 Figure 14 – VSWR / Reflected Power Measurements with Skewed Hybrid Front Panel Test Switch .. 20 Figure 15 –...
- Page 5 List of tables Table 1 – RFL PLC Hybrid Pro – Part Numbers and Descriptions ............9 Table 2 – Balanced Hybrid Specifications ....................16 Table 3 – Skewed Hybrid Jumper Settings ..................... 18 Table 4 – Skewed Hybrid Specifications ....................19 Table 5 –...
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Page 6: Safety Instructions
1 Safety Instructions 1.1 Warnings and Safety Summary The equipment described in this manual contains high voltage. Exercise due care during operation and servicing. Read the safety summary below. 1.1.1 Safety Summary The following safety precautions must always be observed during operation, service, and repair of this equipment. - Page 7 Do not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere or in Wet or Damp Areas Do not operate the product in the presence of flammable gases or fumes, or in any area that is wet or damp. Operating any electrical equipment under these conditions can result in a definite safety hazard. Keep Away from Live Circuits Operating personnel should never remove covers.
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Page 8: Additional Warnings
1.1.2 Additional Warnings WARNING! Follow all your company’s policies and procedures regarding the installation of AC powered or DC powered equipment. If there is a conflict between any procedure in this manual and your company’s safety rules, then your company’s safety rules must take priority. 1.1.3 Additional Cautions CAUTION Any installation using an enclosed cabinet with a swing-out rack must be securely fastened to the floor. -
Page 9: Introduction
2 Introduction The RFL™ PLC Hybrid Pro hybrids are passive devices used to couple power line carrier (PLC) signals to/from the transmission line for relay protection communication channels. The hybrids are the interface between PLC transmitters and receivers in the control building and the line tuner in the switchyard. -
Page 10: Example Applications And Recommended Configurations
3 Example Applications and Recommended Configurations When applying hybrids, the number of transmitters and receivers, as well as the application of each (DCB/On-Off or transfer trip/FSK), will determine what hybrid configuration will work best for each system. There are several different ways to connect hybrids but generally there are best practices that should be observed. -
Page 11: Three Transmitters, Three Receivers (Fsk)
hybrid is fed into the TX port on the skewed hybrid. Instead of coupling just one transmitter, a skewed hybrid can pass multiple transmit signals, so long as they are combined with balanced hybrids first. Note that in this configuration there are also two receivers, but they do not need to be combined with a hybrid, as is the case for the transmitters. -
Page 12: Two Transmitters, Two Receivers (Fsk And On-Off/Dcb)
3.4 Two Transmitters, Two Receivers (FSK and On-Off/DCB) TX2/RX2 to/from Line Tuner (2W) Figure 5 – Two Transmitters, Two Receivers (FSK and On-Off/DCB) – one balanced hybrid, one skewed hybrid, and two The application in is like IGURE IGURE individual relaying channels. The main difference here is that TX2/RX2 is a 2-wire DCB channel (the transmit and receive are directly tied together) so there is only one coax connection to/from the unit. -
Page 13: Two Transmitters, Two Receivers, Phase-To-Phase Coupled (High Reliability Method)
It should be noted that the signals which are “split” between phases at one end of the circuit are re- combined at the terminating end of the circuit. Therefore, the splitter does not add any additional loss to the PLC channel. It should also be noted that the splitter can be applied with different transmitter/receiver and hybrid combinations, not just the one shown in IGURE... -
Page 14: Two Independent Relay Channels, Three-Phase (Mode 1) Coupled
3.7 Two Independent Relay Channels, Three-Phase (Mode 1) Coupled Relay System A to/from center phase to/from outer phase 1 SPLITTER / Relay System B COMBINER to/from outer phase 2 Figure 8 – Two Independent Relay Systems, Three-Phase (Mode 1) Coupled shows a “mode 1 combiner”... -
Page 15: Hybrid Module Descriptions
4 Hybrid Module Descriptions This section contains details on the 1RU hybrid chassis and the individual hybrid modules such as losses, isolation, etc. For the purposes of this manual, the following assumptions are made: All values stated in the “specification” tables are valid for the PLC frequency range, from 30 kHz to 500 kHz All stated losses and isolation figures, such as insertion loss and trans-hybrid loss, assume that all hybrid ports terminated into the specified termination impedance (50 ohms or 75... -
Page 16: Figure 10 - Balanced Hybrid, Top View
mismatches may lower the isolation between input ports. The minimum isolation required for real- world balanced hybrid applications is 15 dB. The LINE port of the balanced hybrid has a gas discharge tube (E2) and slo-blo fuse (F2) for overvoltage and overcurrent protection. Table 2 –... -
Page 17: Skewed Hybrid
Figure 12 – Balanced Hybrid, Front Panel (test points) 4.2 Skewed Hybrid - 0.5 dB > 40 dB LINE - 13 dB Figure 13 – Skewed Hybrid, Functional Diagram The skewed hybrid is used to combine a transmitter and a receiver (or multiple transmit signals and multiple receivers) onto a single coax connection while providing high isolation (trans-hybrid loss) between the transmit and receive ports. -
Page 18: Table 3 - Skewed Hybrid Jumper Settings
signal, it is important to remember that the noise is also attenuated by the same amount. So, the signal- to-noise ratio (SNR) is the same at the LINE port as at the RX port. So long as the absolute signal level is not too low at the RX port –... -
Page 19: Skewed Hybrid Front Panel Test Switch
NOTE: If the current limiting resistor is used, the RX termination must be done on the skewed hybrid. In other words, if J5 is set to “IN”, J4 must also be set to “IN”. If J5 is set to “OUT”, J4 can be either “IN”... -
Page 20: Figure 14 - Vswr / Reflected Power Measurements With Skewed Hybrid Front Panel Test Switch
Test Connections Installed, Switch = NORM Test Connections Installed, Switch = TEST (signal path through switch) (signal path through meter) VSWR METER VSWR METER coax coax cables cables TUNER TUNER Figure 14 – VSWR / Reflected Power Measurements with Skewed Hybrid Front Panel Test Switch Figure 15 –... -
Page 21: Splitter
Figure 17 – Skewed Hybrid, Front Panel (test points) 4.4 Splitter 0 ° LINE 1 0 ° LINE 2 180 ° Figure 18 – Splitter, Functional Diagram Sometimes called a “balance transformer”, the splitter is used to “split” signals for phase-to-phase coupling applications (center-phase-to-outer-phase). -
Page 22: Figure 19 - Splitter, Top View
The LINE ports of the splitter each have a gas discharge tube (E1, E3) and slo-blo fuse (F1, F3) for overvoltage and overcurrent protection. Table 5 – Splitter Specifications Splitter Specifications Operating Impedance (each port) 50 ohms (75 ohms available by request) Phase relationship (LINE 1 to LINE 2) 180°... -
Page 23: Splitter/Combiner
4.5 Splitter/Combiner F1 0° F1 0° F2 180° LINE 1 IN 1 SPL/COM LINE 2 IN 2 F1 180° F2 0° F2 0° Figure 22 – Splitter/Combiner, Functional Diagram The splitter/combiner is used to “split” and “combine” signals for phase-to-phase coupling applications (center-phase-to-outer-phase). -
Page 24: Figure 24 - Splitter/Combiner, Top View
23. However, the RFL™ PLC The splitter/combiner circuit may be implemented as shown in IGURE Hybrid Pro accomplishes this functionality with one coil and balancing resistors, simplifying the interconnecting wiring and minimizing opportunities for error or improper connections during both commissioning and maintenance work. -
Page 25: Bypass Hybrid
Figure 26 – Splitter/Combiner, Front Panel (test points) 4.6 Bypass Hybrid to/from to/from Station C Station A BYPASS Line Tuner Line Tuner To/from Station B (local) transmitters/receivers Figure 27 – Bypass Hybrid Application - 6.5 dB LINE 1 LINE 2 - 6.5 dB - 6.5 dB LOCAL... -
Page 26: Figure 29 - Bypass Hybrid, Functional Schematic
One example application might be where a transmission line is to be split, and a new station will be constructed the in the middle of the line (for example, a series capacitor site). There are existing protection signals over PLC at Station A and Station C, which must be preserved. Also, new protection signals must be inserted at Station B. -
Page 27: Figure 30 - Bypass, Top View
Figure 30 – Bypass, Top View Figure 31 – Bypass, Rear Panel Figure 32 – Bypass, Front Panel (test points) Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. – RFL™ Products RF-MCHYBRIDPRO-01 June 2019 973.334.3100... -
Page 28: 1Ru Hybrid Chassis
4.7 1RU Hybrid Chassis The RFL™ PLC Hybrid Pro 1RU hybrid chassis installs in a standard 19” rack. One chassis can hold up to [3] individual hybrid modules. Where more are required, units may be stacked on top of one another. -
Page 29: Figure 35 - 1Ru Hybrid Chassis, Rear View
Figure 35 – 1RU Hybrid Chassis, Rear View 17.625 (44.768) 14.5 (36.83) (48.26) 18.312 (46.512) 1.72 (4.37) Figure 36 – 1RU Hybrid Chassis, Dimension Table 8 – Chassis Dimensions Description Inches Height 1.72 4.37 Width (without mounting ears) 17.625 44.766 Width (including mounting ears) 48.26 Width (mounting) -
Page 30: Testing And Verification
5 Testing and Verification Testing hybrids is a straightforward process but one that requires care in setup and execution. The biggest key to success is understanding and applying the proper terminations on all ports. Hybrids rely on proper port terminations / impedance matching to function correctly and optimally; without the correct terminations, the isolation / losses will not be as-designed, contributing to poor channel performance. -
Page 31: Figure 37 - Example Terminations, Balanced Hybrid, Insertion Loss Test, Tx1 To Out
o If performing in-circuit testing, with hybrids connected to each other, to transmitters/receivers, and to the line tuner, always use the meter’s high-impedance input • When using the high-impedance input on an FSVM, a “reference impedance” must be set so that the meter can accurately calculate power levels. -
Page 32: Testing The Balanced Hybrid
5.1 Testing the Balanced Hybrid The balanced hybrid has two parameters which must be checked to verify correct operation: insertion loss and isolation. Table 9 – Balanced Hybrid Loss Characteristics Balanced Hybrid Loss Characteristics TX1 to OUT ~3.5 dB Insertion Loss ~3.5 dB TX2 to OUT TX1 to TX2... -
Page 33: Testing The Skewed Hybrid
5.2 Testing the Skewed Hybrid The skewed hybrid has two parameters which must be checked to verify correct operation: insertion loss and isolation. Table 10 – Skewed Hybrid Loss Characteristics Skewed Hybrid Loss Characteristics TX to LINE ~0.5 dB Insertion Loss LINE to RX ~13 dB Isolation (trans-hybrid loss) -
Page 34: Testing The Splitter
Signal In 50-ohm dummy load LINE To FSVM / high-impedance input Hybrid port internally terminated (when J4 = IN) Figure 43 – Measuring Skewed Hybrid Isolation, TX to RX 5.3 Testing the Splitter Although the splitter adds no loss to the PLC channel when connected end-to-end, it will have some loss characteristics when analyzed by itself. -
Page 35: Testing The Splitter/Combiner
LINE 1 180-degree phase Signal In separation between LINE 1 and LINE 2 LINE 2 Figure 45 – Measuring Splitter Output Phase Angle Relationship, LINE 1 to LINE 2 5.4 Testing the Splitter/Combiner The splitter/combiner has three parameters which must be checked to verify correct operation: insertion loss, isolation, and phase relationship. -
Page 36: Testing The Bypass Hybrid
LINE 1 50-ohm IN 1 Signal In dummy load SPL/COM To FSVM / 50-ohm 50-ohm termination IN 2 LINE 2 dummy load Figure 47 – Measuring Splitter/Combiner Isolation, IN 1 to IN 2 0-degree phase separation between IN 1 and LINE 1 F1 0 °... -
Page 37: Table 13 - Bypass Hybrid Characteristics
Table 13 – Bypass Hybrid Characteristics Bypass Hybrid Characteristics LOCAL to LINE 1 ~6.5 dB LOCAL to LINE 2 ~6.5 dB ~6.5 dB LINE 1 to LOCAL Insertion Loss LINE 1 to LINE 2 ~6.5 dB LINE 2 to LOCAL ~6.5 dB ~6.5 dB LINE 2 to LINE 1... -
Page 38: Compatibility And Part Numbering, New And Legacy Hybrids
The hybrids described in this manual are the latest generation of HPS/RFL hybrids, otherwise known as RFL PLC Hybrid Pro. There are no compatibility issues between hybrid versions from end-to-end – the new-style hybrids can be installed at one end of a line, with the legacy-style hybrids at the other end. -
Page 39: Table 14 - New / Legacy Conversion
below shows how to translate between the new versions and the 97-series legacy part ABLE numbers, descriptions, and smart numbers. NOTE: The splitter, splitter/combiner, and bypass designs were not offered previously, so they are not covered in the tables. Table 14 – New / Legacy Conversion New Hybrids Legacy (97-series) “X”... -
Page 40: Figure 50 - Rfl Hybrid-Pro Ordering Code/Smart Number
RFL Hybrid-Pro 1RU Hybrid Chassis Ordering Information (left/right positions are referenced from the rear view) HYBP Left Position Blank Balanced Skewed with test switch Splitter Splitter/Combiner Bypass Center Position Blank Balanced Skewed with test switch Splitter Splitter/Combiner Bypass Right Position Blank Balanced Skewed with test switch... - Page 41 Notes Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. – RFL™ Products RF-MCHYBRIDPRO-01 June 2019 973.334.3100...
- Page 42 Notes Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. – RFL™ Products RF-MCHYBRIDPRO-01 June 2019 973.334.3100...
- Page 43 Notes Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. – RFL™ Products RF-MCHYBRIDPRO-01 June 2019 973.334.3100...
- Page 44 REVISION RECORD Rev. Description Date Approval 5-1-19 New Document Release 5-1-19 Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. – RFL™ Products 353 Powerville Road ● Boonton Twp., NJ 07005-9151 USA Tel: 973.334.3100 ● Fax: 973.334.3863 ● Email: sales@rflelect.com www.rflelect.com RFL Electronics Inc. is a subsidiary of Hubbell Power Systems, Inc. Printed in U.S.A.
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