Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
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Summary of Contents for Maxray Cocoon
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
Linear No-Threshold Risk Model Basic X-ray Safety Safety Rules to Minimize Radiation Dose Worker Radiation Dose Limits Medical Procedure Doses MaxRay Safety Backscatter Shield Geometry of the Backscatter Zone Dosimetry Accidental Exposure Prevention Exposure Time Safe Storage Cocoon Training Manual Table of Contents... -
Page 3: Introduction
The MaxRay Cocoon mobile X-ray system. This handheld unit is to be operated only by authorized personnel. DO NOT operate the Cocoon in any manner other than that specified herein, and in the User’s Manual. And, DO NOT allow anyone other than trained and certified personnel to operate the Cocoon unit. -
Page 4: Background
X rays are produced in a type of vacuum tube specifically designed for that func- tion. As power is applied to the tube, X rays are emitted in a prescribe fashion from a shielded housing. Diagram of an X-ray tube. Cocoon Training Manual Background... -
Page 5: Primary And Scatter Radiation
The interaction of X rays with matter is a random process. As tissue is exposed, the X rays may inter- act with the atoms of the material through which they pass. A small percentage of the X rays will pass through matter without interacting. Cocoon Training Manual Background... -
Page 6: Biological Effects Of Radiation
Stochastic effects are of typical concerned when speaking of exposure to diagnostic X rays; radiation dose is very small; therefore, the only real potential outcome is the random chance of cancer. Cocoon Training Manual Background... -
Page 7: Linear No-Threshold Risk Model
X-ray systems come equipped with a leaded-plastic backscatter shield which is very effective. With this shield, leaded aprons may not be required by your regulator, but it’s always a safe bet to wear the apron anyway. Cocoon Training Manual Basic X-ray Safety... -
Page 8: Worker Radiation Dose Limits
Type of Limit Occupational Dose Limit 50 mSv Lens of the eye 150 mSv Skin 500 mSv Hands and feet 500 mSv Embryo/fetus 5 mSv (over the length of pregnancy) **from 10CFR20.1202 and 10CFR2 0.1208 Cocoon Training Manual Basic X-ray Safety... -
Page 9: Maxray Safety
MaxRay Safety Backscatter Shield The Cocoon has a circular, lead infused plastic disc (0.35 mm lead-equivalent) surrounding the X-ray beam emission port. The purpose of this “backscat- ter shield” is to absorb radiation scattered from the patient’s jaw so that it doesn’t reach the operator. - Page 10 Keeping the backscatter shield parallel to the body is very important. If the operator holds the Cocoon in the manner shown, the shield is not protecting their vi- tal organs and radiation exposure is received unduly.
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Page 11: Dosimetry
Accidental exposures are easy to prevent if the operator remains aware of the direction in which the emission port is pointing and the on/off status of the Cocoon. As a general rule, whether on or off, the operator should NEVER point the Cocoon emission port at anyone, except the area of the patient about to be radiographed. - Page 12 As the operator, NEVER place any part of your body in the primary beam. An additional safety feature is provided in the handle of the Cocoon. A trigger lock is available and can be engaged by the operator. With the trigger in the outer position (left picture), the lock is de- pressed from the left side.
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Page 13: Exposure Time
Exposure Time There is only one variable of exposure on the Cocoon unit that can be changed for a given radio- graph … exposure time. The Cocoon has exposure factors of mA and kV that are fixed and cannot be changed by the operator. -
Page 14: Safe Storage
Because the handheld X-ray system is portable, certain safety precautions must be implemented to ensure worker and patient safety. For a safe work environment, when not in use, the Cocoon should be stored in a locked cabinet so that the device is accessible only to authorized personnel.
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How to set the Maxray Cocoon to Factory Settings