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Vision Systems VESDA Design Manual

Refrigerated storage
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Vision Fire & Security
Refrigerated
Storage
Design Guide
March 2006
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Summary of Contents for Vision Systems VESDA

  • Page 1 Vision Fire & Security Refrigerated Storage Design Guide March 2006...
  • Page 3 Disclaimer The manufacturer reserves the right to change designs or specifications without obligation and without further notice. VESDA, LaserTEKNIC, LaserPLUS, LaserSCANNER, LaserCOMPACT, LaserFOCUS, VESDAnet, VESDAlink, ASPIRE, ASPIRE2, AutoLearn, VSM, PSM, VConfig, InfoWORKS, PROACTIV, PRECISION, VSC, ADPRO, FastTrace, FastVu, FastScan, Axiom, PRO,...
  • Page 4 ® VESDA Refrigerated Storage Design Guide...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Fire Safety Considerations In Refrigerated Storage Facilities ............2 Performance-Based Design ......................3 Key Design Considerations ......................3 Why Use VESDA Smoke Detection? ....................4 Designing For Effective Fire Protection ....................4 Sample Pipe Material ........................5 Positioning Pipes And Sample Holes....................5 Sample Pipe Insulation........................
  • Page 6 ® VESDA Refrigerated Storage Design Guide...

  • Page 7: Introduction

    In this Design Guide we will discuss the relevant design considerations and make recommendations regarding the most effective way in which to install a VESDA solution in the particular refrigerated storage facility for which it is being designed.

  • Page 8: Background Information

    Consider a method. Consider the battery backup Section 5.5 required. Integration With Pre-action Installing VESDA with a pre- Section 5.6 Suppression action sprinkler systems. Background Information Fire Safety Considerations In Refrigerated Storage Facilities According to statistics, released by the NFPA...

  • Page 9: Performance-Based Design

    Refrigerated Storage Design Guide In cases where a pre-action sprinkler system is to be included as part of the fire protection, the VESDA system can be used to activate the release mechanisms as discussed in section 5.6. Performance-Based Design The flexibility of Performance-Based Design allows the fire protection system to be tailored to the specific requirements of each individual refrigerated storage environment, with the commercial drivers to manage the risks.

  • Page 10: Why Use Vesda Smoke Detection

    (pre-combustion) stage of a fire which drastically reduces business disruption, asset damage and the potential risks to the safety of personnel. The design flexibility of VESDA systems also allows them to be used for the automatic activation of pre-action suppression, both gaseous and sprinkler.

  • Page 11: Sample Pipe Material

    In compliance with these prescriptive regulations, VESDA sample holes would be located in the same positions as individual smoke detection devices. Alternatively, with reference to local codes, the pipe and sample hole configuration can be determined by satisfying performance-based design requirements.
  • Page 12 In some freezers, depending on the effectiveness and frequency of defrosting management, ice will build up around the entrances. Under these circumstances, VESDA sample holes in the immediate proximity may become blocked by ice. This is normal and can be managed by specifying an appropriate system airflow fault threshold.

  • Page 13: Sample Pipe Insulation

    ® VESDA Refrigerated Storage Design Guide Figure 2 – Ceiling mounted VESDA pipes. Figure 3 – Example of capillary air sampling. Note: It is recommended that all drilling of penetration points, and the sealing of such points, be performed by appropriately experienced personnel.

  • Page 14: Compensating For Sample Pipe Contraction

    Note: Refer to Table 3 for the thermal properties of other commonly used pipe materials. To prevent pipe disconnections, make allowance for pipe contraction along the length of the pipes. Saddle or offset clips should be use to secure the VESDA pipes to the ceiling as shown below (Figure 5).

  • Page 15: In-Rack Protection

    In-rack Protection In most cases, placing a VESDA pipe network on the ceiling is all that is needed. However, sample pipes can also be located along the racks used for storage in the refrigerated area as shown below (Figure 6).

  • Page 16: Other Areas To Be Protected

    VESDA Refrigerated Storage Design Guide The VESDA detectors used to protect the ceiling void MUST be configured as individual fire zones. Ceiling void pipes MUST NOT enter any other areas, nor should ceiling void detectors be used to simultaneously monitor areas outside the ceiling void.

  • Page 17: Crystallization On The Sample Pipe Outer Surface

    (Figure 9). This ice build up is normal and has no adverse effect on the operation of the VESDA system, provided that sample holes are not located in the susceptible sections of pipe where they can become blocked. Sample holes nearest to the entrances should be sprayed with silicone to prevent ice formation.

  • Page 18: Crystallization Inside Sample Pipes

    (the top is a good design, the bottom is not). Important Note: Pipes MUST NOT run from a high temperature area into a lower temperature area. Separate VESDA detectors should be installed in the chiller, cooler, ceiling void, and office areas.
  • Page 19 ® VESDA Refrigerated Storage Design Guide 40 l/m in 30 l/m in 20 l/m in -40 / -40 -30 / -22 -20 / -4 -10 / 14 0 / 32 Sam pled Air Tem perature (deg C / F) Figure 11 – Chart showing the estimated required ABS pipe extension for sampled air warming.

  • Page 20: Heat Tracing

    Engineers MUST be consulted as to the most suitable method to be used. Exhaust Air Treatment Air from the VESDA exhaust pipe MUST be returned to the area from which it was sampled as shown below (Figure 14). Ceiling Penetration.

  • Page 21: Water Traps

    This closed loop system will prevent pressure differences, caused when the VESDA detector is powered down for any length of time, from introducing warm and humid air into the refrigerated storage area via the VESDA exhaust port. Pressure differences will also result in unwanted airflow faults.
  • Page 22 Before using any values, the system performance MUST be verified by the commissioning test (refer to section 6.2). Any VESDA Fire 1 alarm shall put all sprinkler valves, in that particular fire zone, into armed mode.

  • Page 23: Battery Backup

    MUST be available. This power supply needs to be capable of running a single VESDA detector for a total of 90 hours. This is in compliance with the fact that approved control panels for the automatic release of pre-action or deluge sprinkler systems must have 90...

  • Page 24: System Commissioning

    Refrigerated Storage Design Guide System Commissioning Once the VESDA system has been installed, its performance and pipe network integrity can be verified using the ASPIRE2 pipe modelling program. A range of sampled air temperatures may be input to determine Maximum Transport Times for each zone. Calculated Transport Times should be applied conservatively.

  • Page 25: Appendix - Heat Tracing

    ® VESDA Refrigerated Storage Design Guide Appendix – Heat Tracing There are several techniques for warming sampled air including water heaters, electrically heated tape and passing the pipe through an area that has been heated to 5-10°C (41-50°F). Electrically heated tape is preferred as it is easy to install. An example of a pipe covered with heat tape is shown below (Figure 17).
  • Page 26 ® VESDA Refrigerated Storage Design Guide 40 l/m in 30 l/m in 20 l/m in -40 / -40 -30 / -22 -20 / -4 -10 / 14 0 / 32 10 / 50 Sampled Air Temperature (deg C / F)

  • Page 27: References

    References [1] FM Global (2000) Property Loss Prevention Datasheets 8-29. [2] Vision Fire & Security (1997) VESDA System Design Guide. [3] NFPA Fire Analysis & Research Division (2003) Selections from the U.S. fire problem overview report. Leading causes and other patterns and trends Storage properties excluding dwelling garages.
  • Page 28 ® VESDA Refrigerated Storage Design Guide Disclaimer On The Provision Of General System Design Recommendations Any recommendation on system design provided by Vision Fire & security Pty Ltd (VFS) is an indication only of what is considered to be the most suitable solution to meet the needs of the common application environments described.

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