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Satlantic Suna Manual

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For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later
SAT-DN-00627, Rev. E, 2014-Dec-01
This document contains information proprietary to Satlantic or to a third party to which Satlantic may have legal
obligation to protect such information from unauthorized disclosure, use or duplication. Any disclosure, use or
duplication of this document in whole or in part, or of any of the information contained herein, for any purpose
other than the specific purpose for which it was disclosed is expressly prohibited except as Satlantic may
Deep SUNA Manual
Satlantic LP
3481 North Marginal Road
Halifax, Nova Scotia B3K 5X8
Canada
+1 902 492 4780
info@satlantic.com
www.satlantic.com
C O N F I D E N T I A L
otherwise agree to in writing.
© 2013, Satlantic LP, All rights reserved

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Summary of Contents for Satlantic Suna

  • Page 1 C O N F I D E N T I A L This document contains information proprietary to Satlantic or to a third party to which Satlantic may have legal obligation to protect such information from unauthorized disclosure, use or duplication. Any disclosure, use or...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later Table of Contents 1. About This Manual....................5 2. Start-up Guides....................6 2.1 Start-up Guide for Terminal Interface............6 2.2 Start-up Guide for Analog Output..............7 3. The SUNA Sensor....................8 3.1 Introduction and Background...............8 3.2 Specifications....................8...
  • Page 3 Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 6.1.2 Example....................49 6.2 Moored......................50 6.2.1 Objectives and Considerations............50 6.2.2 Example....................51 6.3 Free Floating Profiler..................52 6.3.1 Objectives and Considerations............52 6.3.2 Example....................52 7. SUNA Frame Definitions...................55 7.1 Frames with Synchronization Headers............55 7.2 APF Frame....................57...
  • Page 4 Table 26: MBARI data frame definition..............59 Index of Illustrations Illustration 1: Drawing of Deep SUNA..............10 Illustration 2: Drawing of Deep SUNA with glider mounting option......10 Illustration 3: SUNA SubConn MCBH8MNM bulkhead connector face view..11 Illustration 4: Foul Guard..................64 Illustration 5: Flow Cell..................65 Illustration 6: Glider Mounting Package..............65...

  • Page 5: About This Manual

    1. About This Manual 1. About This Manual The SUNA is a versatile sensor that can operate in diverse environments. It is adaptable to a wide variety of deployment scenarios and supports multiple interfaces. This manual provides guidance on how to properly deploy the sensor and on how to interact with it.

  • Page 6: Start-Up Guides

    1 A. Serial Interface The SUNA communicates via serial port, using the RS-232 protocol at 8 bit, no parity, 1 stop bit and no flow control. The baud rate is factory set to 57600. If this baud rate does not work, try the other possible baud rates (9600, 19200, 38400, 115200) or use SUNACom to scan for the current baud rate.

  • Page 7: Start-Up Guide For Analog Output

    The end user can determine if the sensor is equipped for analog output either via the SUNACom software or the terminal interface (see section 2.1 Start-up Guide for Terminal Interfaceand section 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA). In SUNACom the DAC calibration function will be visible under the Advanced, Sensor menu item if this function is available.

  • Page 8: The Suna Sensor

    Deep-Sea Research I 49 (2002) 1291–1305). 3.2 Specifications 3.2.1 Build Variants The SUNA housing is made from anodized aluminum. The housing is designed to withstand depths of up to 2000 m. Table 1: Sensor dimensions, basic options. Dimension...

  • Page 9: Table 2: Optional Features

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 3. The SUNA Sensor Optional features and accessories are available for each of the two build variants. Optional features change some sensor dimensions, as shown below. Table 2: Optional features...

  • Page 10: Illustration 1: Drawing Of Deep Suna

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 3. The SUNA Sensor Illustration 1: Drawing of Deep SUNA. Illustration 2: Drawing of Deep SUNA with glider mounting option. Copyright © 2013, Satlantic LP, All rights reserved...

  • Page 11: Electrical Specification

    3. The SUNA Sensor 3.2.2 Electrical Specification The SUNA requires power in the 8–18 VDC range with a supply current of 1 A. Power consumption depends on the operating state. During data acquisition, it is typically 7.5 W (±20%). In standby, at the command prompt, the current draw is around 20 mA.

  • Page 12: Table 5: Electrical Pin Assignments And Descriptions

    SUNA, the float controller briefly applies positive battery voltage to the switched power pin, SW-PWR, to activate the relay. The relay connects VIN to the SUNA. The relay remains latched until the SUNA releases it in response to a command. This mechanism allows the SUNA to remain powered throughout a profile even when the float controller is in a low-power state.

  • Page 13: Performance Specifications

    3. The SUNA Sensor 3.2.3 Performance Specifications The SUNA sensor is designed to measure the concentration of nitrate ions in water. The measurement result is in molar concentration, units of micro molar (μM). For user convenience, this concentration is converted into units of milligram per liter (mg/l), and output in digital form as well.

  • Page 14: Table 8: Precision Specification For Nitrate Concentrations

    (Turbidity) and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The impact is independent of the optical path length, from theoretical considerations as well as experimentally confirmed. However, the SUNA can only operate up to absorbances of approximately 1.5. This limit is typically reached at 625 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) for 10 mm path length, or at 1250 NTU for 5 mm path length.

  • Page 15: Operating Principles

    3.3 Operating Principles 3.3.1 Absorbance Spectroscopy The SUNA measures the concentration of dissolved nitrate in water. The sensor illuminates the water sample with its deuterium UV light source, and measures the Copyright © 2013, Satlantic LP, All rights reserved...

  • Page 16: Nitrate Concentration

    Johnson, Luke J. Coletti, In situ ultraviolet spectrophotometry for high resolution and long-term monitoring of nitrate, bromide and bisulfide in the ocean, Deep-Sea Research I 49 (2002) 1291–1305) and the technology then transferred to Satlantic. 3.3.2 Nitrate Concentration Nitrate processing uses the 217–240 nm wavelength interval, which contains approximately 35 spectrometer channels.
  • Page 17 On the other hand, highly turbid waters can cause such high absorption that the SUNA is not able to measure nitrate. The operation limit for the 10 mm path length variant is 625 NTU, and for the 5 mm variant it is 1250 NTU.

  • Page 18: Terminal Interface Of The Suna

    In periodic mode, the sensor alternates between standby and data acquisition. Standby to Data Acquisition Any input will cause the SUNA to come out of its standby state. Then, it waits for 15 seconds for the $ input character to enter the command line, before returning to the standby state.

  • Page 19: Status And Maintenance Commands

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA for input and output. Otherwise, the sensor communicates via RS-232. Commands can be broadly grouped into the following categories: 1. Status and Maintenance 2.

  • Page 20: File Commands

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA The boot loader allows installing of a new firmware onto the nitrate sensor. See section 9. Firmware Upgrade for details. Reboot This command causes the firmware to restart. It is equivalent to performing a power cycle.

  • Page 21: Configuration Commands

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA 4.2.3 Configuration Commands Configuration commands allow the user to query and modify configuration parameters. The commands follow the syntax get --<short name> set --<short name> <value>...
  • Page 22 SDI-12 Interface The SDI-12 interface is Missing. The SDI-12 interface is not available on a Deep SUNA. Analog Output The analog output system is either Available or Missing. Sensors are optionally equipped with analog output system.
  • Page 23 The external power port is Missing. An external power port may be supported in future SUNA versions. Addresses of Temperature Sensors The addresses of the three SUNA internal temperature sensors are factory configured, and provided for troubleshooting. Spectrometer Serial Number The spectrometer serial number is factory configured.

  • Page 24: Table 11: Build Configuration Parameters

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Table 11: Build configuration parameters Parameter Possible Values Short Name senstype Sensor Type SUNA Sensor Version sensvers serialno Serial Number – 9999 thebrand...
  • Page 25 Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Message Level The message level is one of Error, Warn, Info, Debug, Trace. Messages are sent to the output stream and are also saved in a message log file.
  • Page 26 When using acquisition based data log files with a high frequency of acquisition events (e.g., multiple events per hour) over an extended deployment duration, the total number of files can reach tens of thousands of files. Such a number of files will slow down SUNA internal data logging.

  • Page 27: Table 12: Input / Output Configuration Parameters

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Table 12: Input / output configuration parameters Parameter Possible Values Default Value Short Name baudrate Baud Rate 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 57600...
  • Page 28 Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA In APF mode, the sensor stays in low power sleep, to acquire data when receiving commands from a controller. In Polled mode, the sensor stays in low power sleep, to acquire data only after woken up by activity on the RS-232 line and then receiving a command (“Start”...
  • Page 29 If the sensor is deployed in a warm environment, and data acquisition is only sporadic, please consult with Satlantic on ways to safely changing this configuration. Copyright © 2013, Satlantic LP, All rights reserved...
  • Page 30 External Device Pre-run Time The external device pre-run time is set to 0. An integrated wiper that could use this setting is only available for SUNA V2. External Device On During Acquisition The external device on during acquisition can be set to Off.

  • Page 31: Table 13: Data Acquisition Configuration Parameters

    4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA External Device Minimum Interval The external device minimum interval is set to 0. An integrated wiper that could use this setting is only available for SUNA V2. Table 13: Data acquisition configuration parameters Parameter...

  • Page 32: Temperature Compensation

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Data Processing Configuration Processing Wavelength Interval The processing (also called fitting) interval is normally from 217 to 240 nm. Changing the fitting interval should be done with caution; an unsuitable fitting interval generates invalid results.
  • Page 33 Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Salinity Fitting The salinity fitting flag is On or Off. Salinity fitting can only be switched off in saltwater calibrated sensors running in APF mode.

  • Page 34: Table 14: Data Processing Configuration Parameters

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Table 14: Data processing configuration parameters Parameter Possible Values Default Value Short Name wfit_low Fit wavelength low [nm] – wfit_hgh Fit wavelength high [nm] 210 –3...

  • Page 35: Polled Mode Commands

    Wake-up from low power sleep is via an interrupt triggered by activity on the RS-232 line. The nitrate sensor will be responsive within 3 seconds. Commands are then read from RS-232. The controller can confirm that the SUNA is responsive by sending the W command.
  • Page 36 Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Command Overview The firmware confirms it is awake by sending the ACK string. Send time when the most recent error occurred. Send number of power cycles and number of resets since initialization.

  • Page 37: Table 16: Protocol For Single-Character Apf Commands

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Message File Size No internal syslog Error File Size Maintains a pool of up to 512 errors Data File Size Maximum data file size is 5 MB...

  • Page 38: Table 17: Protocol For Multiple-Character Apf Commands

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA Table 17: Protocol for multiple-character APF commands Command Firmware Response ACK,TS,CMD [Firmware takes a sample] ACK,TS,DAT [If taking sample succeeded] NAK,TS,DAT [If taking sample failed]...

  • Page 39: Analog Output

    4. Terminal Interface of the SUNA 4.2.6 Analog Output The SUNA can work with analog input data acquisition systems, such as a Sea-Bird CTD profiler, by using the optional analog output system. The analog interface allows merging of nitrate data with other data recorded at the same time. A standard application is to integrate the voltage signal into a CTD profiler's auxiliary port, providing a profile of conductivity, temperature, and nitrate versus depth.
  • Page 40 SUNA to both the data acquisition device and a computer. Please contact Satlantic for assistance in creating or purchasing such a cable. With this cable in place, the SUNA is tasked to generate the low DAC and then the high DAC output. The low and high...
  • Page 41 ⋅I is the in-system calibrated current offset coefficient The SUNA can be tasked to generate the low and high analog output via SUNACom (see the SUNACom user manual) or using the DAC Low and DAC High commands in the terminal interface (see section 4.2.1 Status and Maintenance Commands).

  • Page 42: Configuration Parameters In Context

    Super capacitors Provides short-term power in case when power is lost PCB supervisor Provides low-power sleep state Relay Allows the SUNA to disconnect itself from its power supply Analog output Generates a voltage or current representation of the nitrate values SDI-12...

  • Page 43: Input / Output Configuration

    5. Configuration Parameters in Context 5.2 Input / Output Configuration Input to the SUNA is via serial RS-232 or if available, via USB port. Output of the sensor is sent via serial RS-232. If available and connected, output is sent via UBS.

  • Page 44: Data Acquisition Configuration

    When powered, the sensor enters low-power standby. Any activity on RS-232 or USB brings the sensor within three seconds to the command interface, indicated by SUNA>. After a duration of Countdown seconds (configuration parameter) without input, the sensor returns to low power standby.

  • Page 45: Polled Operating Mode

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 5. Configuration Parameters in Context from the start of the day via the Periodic Offset configuration parameter. The data collection event can be either sample or duration based. This is controlled via the Operation Control configuration parameter.

  • Page 46: Data Processing Configuration

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 5. Configuration Parameters in Context Table 19: Data acquisition configuration parameters by operating mode. Name Acceptable Values Explaining Subsection Operation mode Continuous, Fixedtime, Periodic, Polled, APF Operation control Samples, Duration...

  • Page 47: Special Case: Temperature-Salinity Correction

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 5. Configuration Parameters in Context Concentrations-to-Fit configuration parameter from 3 to 1. Reducing the number of concentrations to fit improves the precision of the processed data. Under normal conditions, no other processing parameters need to be changed.

  • Page 48: Table 20: Data Processing Configuration Parameters In Use Case Context

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 5. Configuration Parameters in Context optically dense conditions. When the optical density drops, the sensor will revert to the normal spectrometer integration time. Configuration: Absorbance Cutoff, Integration Time Adjustment, Integration Time Factor, Integration Time Step, Integration Time Maximum Factor.

  • Page 49: Use Scenarios

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 6. Use Scenarios 6. Use Scenarios 6.1 Profiling 6.1.1 Objectives and Considerations A profile is a continuous series of measurements taken over a depth range, where nitrate concentrations may be collected for either down and up cast or both. The descent and ascent rate together with the sensor's data rate determine the spatial resolution of the profile.

  • Page 50: Moored

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 6. Use Scenarios Setting Parameter Value in Profiling Deployment Message Level Warn Message File Size Input / Output Frame None. Output Logging Frame Full_ASCII Logging Dark Frame Output Log File Type...

  • Page 51: Example

    6.2.2 Example This example assumes that the SUNA operates autonomously in periodic operating mode. Data are collected in analog form by a data acquisition device, and also logged internally for post-deployment analysis.

  • Page 52: Free Floating Profiler

    SUNA with a profiler, which triggers brief data collection events. 6.3.2 Example The profiler will collect data during a depth-to-surface profile. Interaction between controller and SUNA is via the APF interface. For best control of power consumption, Copyright © 2013, Satlantic LP, All rights reserved...
  • Page 53 For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 6. Use Scenarios the SUNA is equipped with a relay that completely disconnects the sensor from its power supply when it is not active. At the beginning of the profile, the sensor's relay is open, disconnecting it from the power source.

  • Page 54: Table 23: Configuration Parameters Illustrating A Float Deployment

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 6. Use Scenarios Setting Parameter Value in Float Deployment Message Level Error Message File Size Input / Output Frame Output Logging Frame None Logging Dark Frame Suppress Operation Mode...

  • Page 55: Suna Frame Definitions

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 7. SUNA Frame Definitions 7. SUNA Frame Definitions 7.1 Frames with Synchronization Headers The frames described in this section start with a ten character header which uniquely identifies the sensor and data type. The unique header allows to extract sensor specific frames from arbitrary collections of data.

  • Page 56: Table 24: Synchronization Header Frame Definitions

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 7. SUNA Frame Definitions Table 24: Synchronization header frame definitions Field Concentration Full ASCII Full Binary Reduced Binary Header and Serial Number SATSLCnnnn SATSLFnnnn SATSLBnnnn SATSLRnnnn SATSDCnnnn SATSDFnnnn SATSDBnnnn...

  • Page 57: Apf Frame

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 7. SUNA Frame Definitions 7.2 APF Frame Fields in the APF frame are comma separated. Table 25: APF data frame definition Frame Field Example Value Record 16-bit CRC 0xE0B6...

  • Page 58: Mbari Frame

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 7. SUNA Frame Definitions 7.3 MBARI Frame MBARI frames are generated for dark and for light spectrum measurements. Dark frames begin with a D, light frames begin with an S. All fields in the MBARI frame are comma separated.

  • Page 59: Suna Calibration File

    Version letters run from A to Z. 8.2 File Format SUNA calibration files are text files, consisting of a series of header lines followed by a series of coefficient lines. A line is terminated by either a line feed character (hexadecimal 0A) or by a carriage return character followed by a line feed character (hexadecimal 0D 0A).

  • Page 60: Firmware Upgrade

    The firmware upgrade is initiated via the upgrade command given at the command line. See section 4.2 Command Line Interface for details. After the upgrade command, the SUNA's bootloader program executs. It reports to the command line using the SATBLDR> prompt.

  • Page 61: Troubleshooting

    If the current is above 100 µA, the sensor is in a low-power mode, and should respond to input over its serial input. If the current is below 100 µA, the sensor is not operating. Please contact Satlantic for further assistance.

  • Page 62: Sensor Output Is Unexpected

    If the relative humidity inside the sensor exceeds 90%, the sensor may have developed a leak, and needs to be returned to Satlantic for service. High humidity is problematic because it leads to failure of sensor components. Furthermore, high humidity may lead to condensation on optical components, making measurements inaccurate.

  • Page 63: Accessories

    SUNA. The flow cell is equipped with a copper tube on the inlet port and a plastic barbed fitting on the outlet port that would be connected to the pump by flexible tubing.

  • Page 64: Glider Mounting Package

    1/4”-20 threaded mounting points for the Teledyne Webb Research Slocum Glider. The SUNA is mounted on top of the glider oriented in a manner that helps to prevent air bubbles and sediment from becoming trapped in the sample volume. The plastic attachment points provide electrical isolation between the SUNA housing and the glider.

  • Page 65: Maintenance

    At regular intervals, check the spectral intensity in pure water. While the optical intensity is expected to decrease over time, sudden changes in intensity may indicate problems with a sensor subsystem. Contact Satlantic if there is a sudden drop in intensity by more than 20%.

  • Page 66: Safety And Hazards

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 13. Safety And Hazards 13. Safety And Hazards 13.1 Pressure Hazard Warning! If you suspect that the sensor has flooded, use extreme caution around the sensor. If the sensor leaked at depth it might remain pressurized when recovered. If you suspect a flood, make sure to check the sensor for signs of pressurization.

  • Page 67: Warranty

    14.2 Restrictions Warranty does not apply to products that are deemed by Satlantic to be damaged by misuse, abuse, accident, or modifications by the customer. The warranty is considered void if any optical or mechanical housing is opened. In addition, the warranty is void if the warranty seal is removed, broken or otherwise damaged.

  • Page 68: Contact Information

    +1 902 492 4780 between 8 AM and 5 PM, Atlantic Time (GMT - 0400) or send us an e-mail any time at info@satlantic.com. For specific requests such as price quotations, product support, or return materials authorization (RMA) for repair or...

  • Page 69: Revision History

    Deep SUNA Manual For SUNA running firmware version 2.4 or later 16. Revision History 16. Revision History Revision A, 2013-11-01: Initial release. Revision B, 2014-04-30: 4.2.5 Add parameters to CTD command. 7.1 Fix typo in frame table, nitrate units, salinity units.

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