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II Morrow Apollo GX55 User Manual

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Apollo
GX55
GPS Receiver
User's Guide
560-0962-00
June 1997

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  • Page 1 Apollo GX55 GPS Receiver User’s Guide 560-0962-00 June 1997...
  • Page 2 No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the express written consent of II Morrow Inc. II Morrow and Apollo are trademarks of II Morrow Inc. © 1997 by II Morrow Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.
  • Page 3 The Apollo GX55 sets a precedent that will be the standard that all other avionics will be compared to. The Apollo GX55 is a full-featured GPS receiver. You can be confident in knowing...

  • Page 4: History Of Revisions

    History of Revisions History of Revisions June 1997 Original Release Ordering Information To receive additional copies of the Apollo GX55 manuals order the following part numbers: User’s Guide 560-0962-xx User’s Guide Binder (3/4”) 560-9002-xx Installation Manual 560-0960-xx GX55 Quick Reference...

  • Page 5: Important Notice

    Installations of TSO C-129 authorized Apollo GX55’s may be approved for supplemental navigation only. The Apollo GX55 may be used as the primary navigation data display, however, other means of navigation appropriate to the intended route of flight must be installed and operational. It is not required that these other systems be monitored.

  • Page 6: Conventions

    Conventions Conventions The Small knob is the smaller, inner knob of the two concentric rotary knobs used to look at or change information on the display. When only the Small knob is shown next to an example, turn the Small knob. The Large knob is the larger, outer knob of the two concentric rotary knobs used to look at or change information on the display.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Map Function Smart Keys ....5 Apollo GX55 Features ......6 Getting Started the First Time .
  • Page 8 Table of Contents Waypoint Search Refining....16 Viewing Duplicate City or Facility Names ..17 Waypoint Information .
  • Page 9 Table of Contents GPS Position ....... . 35 Countdown Timer ......35 Arc Assist.
  • Page 10 Table of Contents Flight Plan Leg Information ....69 Direct-To ........72 Manual Leg Activation .
  • Page 11 Table of Contents Map Setup ........91 Route Line .
  • Page 12 Table of Contents Introduction to GPS Navigation ....117 GPS Overview ......117 GPS System Accuracy.
  • Page 13 About the Flight Simulator ....147 Removing and Replacing the Apollo GX55 ..148 Starting the Flight Simulation ....148 Flight Simulator Operations .
  • Page 14 Table of Contents Notes...

  • Page 15: Introduction

    Inner Ejector Knob Apollo GX55 Front Panel Description The Apollo GX55 has a wealth of easy to use features that every pilot needs. The large waypoint database has information about airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, and special use airspaces that makes the Apollo GX55 an encyclopedia of aviation.

  • Page 16: Display

    Emergency Search feature, invented by II Morrow, makes it easy to quickly select an airport as a new destination due to a change in plans, or to react to an emergency. The display is a 160 by 80 pixel electroluminescent Display graphic display.

  • Page 17: Controls

    Either may change pages depending on the function. There are two types of keys that allow you access to Keys the functions in your Apollo GX55: permanent “hard” keys and displayed “smart” keys. Seven back lighted permanent keys are used to reach the functions or perform other operations of the GX55.

  • Page 18: Smart" Keys

    Introduction INFO (Information) Info function accesses supplementary INFO information about a waypoint. Press INFO a second time to return to the previous display. SEL (Select) The SELECT key activates editing or the selection of options. Editing is active on the items that flash on the display.

  • Page 19: Map Function Smart Keys

    Introduction FPL (Flight Plan) The Flight Plan key takes you to the flight planning function where you can create, edit, and control your flight plans. SYS (System Mode) Press the SYS key to reach the System mode functions. System mode is used to make system level adjustments, setup flight plans, access the database, and modify Nav function displays.

  • Page 20: Apollo Gx55 Features

    Apollo GX55 Features Apollo GX55 Features Navigation Features 30 Reversible Flight Plans with 20 Legs Automatic Waypoint Sequencing 500 User-Defined Waypoints Nav Displays Lat/Lon Bearing and Distance Ground Speed and Track Angle Desired Track and Distance Internal CDI Display 160 pixel wide by 80 pixel high electroluminescent display...

  • Page 21: Getting Started The First Time

    The startup screen, testing, position, and database information shows on the display for several seconds and then will go into the Navigation function. Each time the Apollo GX55 is switched on, it must Seed Position locate satellites in the sky to acquire signals before determining a position fix in a complex process involving lengthy mathematical operations.

  • Page 22: Entering A Seed Position

    SEL to change the Seed Position or ENTER to accept the previous position. If you don’t do anything, the Apollo GX55 will continue normally. You can also press ENTER to accept the current position, though this is not required.

  • Page 23: Change Reference Waypoint

    Getting Started the First Time Change Reference Waypoint 1. After pressing ENTER, the waypoint type will ENTER flash. Turn the Small knob to select the waypoint type. AIRPORT PDX PORTLAND CITY OR USA 2. Turn the Large knob to clockwise (cw) one click so the first character of the Reference Waypoint name will flash.
  • Page 24 Getting Started the First Time 2. Change the character with the Small knob. Turn the Large knob to move to each character of the Lat/Lon position and change it with the Small knob. Ppos: 44°54.46N 122°59.69W 3. When you have entered the Lat/Lon position, ENTER press ENTER.

  • Page 25: Checking Gps Signal Strength

    Getting Started the First Time The unit shows the GPS signal strength screen in Checking the GPS Sensor function. Make it a habit to check Signal this screen to make sure that the unit is properly Strength tracking visible satellites before you fly. The Apollo GX55 requires signals from at least four satellites to calculate a 3D position fix (Lat/Lon and GPS altitude).
  • Page 26 Getting Started the First Time 4. Turn the Small knob again to view the GPS Satellite Status, Elevation, Signal Strength (SIG), and Azimuth page. Turn the Small knob to view information about each available satellite. The status will initially display as “SRCH” to indicate that it is searching for the satellite.

  • Page 27: Entering A Destination Waypoint

    Getting Started the First Time With a seed position and the current UTC time and Entering date set, the Apollo GX55 is ready to begin Destination navigating a trip. Prepare for trip navigation by Waypoint entering a destination waypoint. Using the Nearest Waypoint Function 1.

  • Page 28: Using The Direct-To Function

    Getting Started the First Time Using the Direct-To Function Pressing Direct-To allows you to quickly make changes to your TO waypoint. When you press Direct-To, the default waypoint shown will be the current TO waypoint in the Nav or Flight Plan functions or the waypoint displayed in the Database or Info functions.

  • Page 29: Waypoint Search Methods

    MN USA 6. After selecting the desired waypoint identifier, ENTER press ENTER. Your Apollo GX55 will now switch to the Navigation function and show information based on a direct route from your present position to the Direct-To destination waypoint.

  • Page 30: Waypoint Search Refining

    Getting Started the First Time Waypoint Search Refining You can search for waypoints with more selectivity by choosing the number of characters that you know you want to use. For instance, if you want to look up Kalispell without spelling the entire name, use this method.

  • Page 31: Viewing Duplicate City Or Facility Names

    Getting Started the First Time 4. Turning the Small knob will allow you to choose from all of the waypoints that start with “KAL.” Turn the Small knob both cw and ccw to check the waypoints. AIRPORT FCA KALISPELL city dup MT USA Viewing Duplicate City or Facility Names While performing Waypoint Identifier selection, you may see the word “dup”...

  • Page 32: Waypoint Information

    Getting Started the First Time The GX55 contains a wealth of information in its Waypoint Information database. Pressing the INFO key will access the information about destination (TO), displayed, waypoint. 1. Press INFO to view information about the TO INFO waypoint.

  • Page 33: Navigation Basics

    When you finish using other functions and return to the navigation function, the last navigation display used is shown. While you navigate, the Apollo GX55 gives you About the Navigation information in the Navigation function displays.

  • Page 34: Autonav

    Navigation Basics Turn the Small knob to view the other available Navigation displays. North TAE = Difference between Track and Desired Track Course Bearing = Direction to waypoint Course = Desired Track between specific waypoints Desired Track = Course direction Track Angle Track = Direction the aircraft is going...

  • Page 35: Nav Pages

    Navigation Basics Nav Pages Estimated Time En Route (Ete) ETE is to the current TO (destination) waypoint from your present position based on the current ground speed. The units shown are in hours and minutes, 00:00 to 99:59. If the ground speed is less than or equal to 5 knots, the GPS receiver does not have a valid position, or there is no TO waypoint, the ETE value will be shown as dashes.

  • Page 36: Range (Rge)

    Navigation Basics Range (Rge) The distance from your present position to the TO waypoint. Units can be set as either nautical miles or kilometers in the Nav Info section of the System functions (see page 103). Nautical mile units are 0.00 to 9.00 nm in 0.01 nm increments, 10.0 to 99.9 nm in 0.1 nm increments, and 100 to 9999 nm in 1 nm increments.
  • Page 37 Navigation Basics scale per side. The three dot bar indicates a sensitivity of 5.0 nm full scale per side. The manual sensitivity of the CDI may be set to 0.3, 1.0, or 5.0 nm full scale per side. The triangle symbol is also used as a TO-FROM indicator.

  • Page 38: Desired Track (Dtk)

    Navigation Basics Desired Track (Dtk) Desired Track is the course angle between the FROM and TO waypoints referenced to the magnetic variation at the current FROM waypoint. Desired Track is shown from 0 to 359 degrees in one degree increments. ete aSLE 00:37 0.006...

  • Page 39: Track (Trk) Angle

    Navigation Basics Track (Trk) Angle Track Angle is the angle of your actual direction of travel. Track is shown from 0 to 359 degrees in one degree increments. Track is computed using the magnetic variation at the Present Position. The Track value will be dashed if the FROM or TO waypoints are blank, if the GPS receiver does not have a valid position, or if ground speed is less than...

  • Page 40: Minimum Safe Altitude (Msa)

    Navigation Basics Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA) MSA is calculated by taking the Maximum Elevation Figure (MEF) from the sectional chart grid that corresponds to your current position. In areas below 3,000 feet, 1,000 feet is added. In areas above 3,000 feet, 2,000 feet is added. In the example below, the current aircraft would be considered to be at 7,000 feet.

  • Page 41: Flight Time

    Navigation Basics around the course. The value will be replaced with dashes if there is no valid GPS position, the TO waypoint is blank, or the current position is outside of the database coverage area. In the example shown above, the MESA for the present position of the aircraft would be 16,800 ft.

  • Page 42: Nearest Waypoint Search

    Navigation Basics An important safety feature of the GX55 is its Nearest Waypoint ability to locate waypoints closest to your position. Search Should you have to land quickly, you can use this feature to locate a nearby waypoint, assign it as a destination, and quickly navigate to it.

  • Page 43: Searching Around A Reference Waypoint

    Navigation Basics Searching Around a Reference Waypoint Use this function to search for the 20 nearest waypoints of each type (including airspaces) within 600 miles of a reference waypoint selected from the database. This can be used as an aid to flight planning.
  • Page 44 Navigation Basics 4. Press ENTER. The Nearest waypoints (and ENTER airspaces) will now be referenced to the selected search waypoint rather than your present position. Near 1 to SLE AIRPORT Brg 110° 0.5nm 5. Turn the Small knob to view the nearest 20 waypoints of the selected type to the selected reference waypoint.

  • Page 45: Setting Runway Limits For Nearest Waypoints

    Navigation Basics Setting Runway Limits for Nearest Waypoints Narrow the type of airports that you will accept by choosing the runway length, lighting, and surface type. The Runway Limits selection also controls the airports that are displayed in the Map function. 1.

  • Page 46: Special Use Airspace

    Navigation Basics 4. Turn the Large knob to cause the runway surface type to flash. Turn the Small knob to choose from the Hard, Soft, or Water surface types. Soft refers to grass, dirt, or gravel runways. Runway Limits HARD/SOFT Ft:3500 Lit:Yes 5.

  • Page 47: Parallel Track Offset

    Navigation Basics 1. Press the INFO key to view information about INFO the airspace. Values for ceiling and floor may be any number of positive feet less than 100,000. Values may also be Unlimited, Ground, FL (Flight Level, followed by a number such as 050), Unknown, or NOTAM.
  • Page 48 Navigation Basics 1. In the Nav function, turn the Large knob to display Parallel Track. Parallel Track Offset: Standby RIGHT 12.4nm 2. Press SEL. The Offset field will flash. Two states are available: Use or Standby. If Parallel Track is in use, “Standby” will flash. If Parallel Track is on Standby, “Use?”...

  • Page 49: Gps Position

    Navigation Basics 5. Turn the Large knob back to the “Offset” field. Press ENTER when the “Use?” prompt flashes to activate Parallel Track. A “p” will appear next ENTER to the waypoint identifier to indicate that Parallel Track is in use. The MSG annunciator will flash and a message will state that Parallel Track is in use.

  • Page 50: Arc Assist

    Navigation Basics 2. Press SEL to start editing. The minutes value will flash. Countdown Timer 00:03:00 3. Turn the Large knob to move between the time value fields. Countdown Timer 00:03:00 4. Turn the Small knob to edit the hours, minutes, or seconds value.
  • Page 51 Navigation Basics reference waypoint. Press SEL to choose another reference waypoint. 1. In the Navigation function, turn the Large knob to reach the Arc Assist page. Press ENTER to accept the displayed reference waypoint and go to step 3 or choose another waypoint and go to step 2.

  • Page 52: From/To/Next Waypoint

    Navigation Basics The FROM/TO/NEXT Waypoint allows you to From/To/- Next view and/or edit a three waypoint mini-flight plan, Waypoint or view two legs of your flight plan, while within the Nav function. These waypoints are like a three waypoint window into your Active Flight Plan. Changes to the FROM/TO/NEXT page changes the Active Flight Plan, and vice versa.
  • Page 53 Navigation Basics 2. Press SEL to start editing. Turn the Large knob to select the FROM (first) waypoint position. Turn the Small knob, if necessary, so the flashing selection shows “Ins?” (Insert). Press ENTER. From Ins? ENTER ______ Next ______ 3.
  • Page 54 Navigation Basics 6. Turn the Large knob clockwise one click to move to the next character. Turn the Small knob to select the desired character. Continue to select the needed characters. AIRPORT EUGENE city OR USA 7. Press ENTER when you have selected the ENTER desired waypoint.
  • Page 55 Navigation Basics C - Set the NEXT Waypoint 1. Press SEL and move to the NEXT waypoint with the Large knob. The insert (Ins?) choice will flash. Press ENTER and then select the NEXT waypoint as you did for the FROM and TO waypoints.

  • Page 56: Placing The To Waypoint On Hold

    Navigation Basics 3. Turn the Small knob to choose the type of editing you want to do. The flashing selection will ask you to choose between Ins (Insert), Chg ENTER (Change), or Del (Delete). The TO waypoint can also be placed on Hold. Press ENTER when you have selected the editing option.

  • Page 57: Using Direct-To

    Navigation Basics Pressing the DIRECT-TO key sets the FROM Using Direct-To location as your present position. When using the Direct-To function, the FROM waypoint identifier is overwritten with the word “Direct.” If you remove the Direct-To position with the Del? option, the old FROM waypoint is returned to that position.

  • Page 58: Direct-To Operation

    Navigation Basics Direct-To Operation 1. Press the DIRECT-TO key. The waypoint type will flash. AIRPORT PORTLAND city OR USA 2. Select the new destination (TO) waypoint using the Small and Large knobs. AIRPORT MC MINNVILLE city OR USA 3. Press ENTER. ENTER Direct-To The following three examples provide some of the...

  • Page 59: Enter A New Waypoint Into A Flight Plan

    Navigation Basics 1. You flew to the right to avoid a storm cloud and your CDI tells you to fly left, but you still have the same TO waypoint. Press DIRECT-TO. Your current TO waypoint is displayed and the Waypoint Type will flash. AIRPORT SLE SALEM city...
  • Page 60 Navigation Basics 1. While on the first leg of your active flight plan, you find out that you need to make another stop on the way but you don’t want to change the rest of your plan. Press FPL. While viewing the Active flight plan, turn the Small knob to the first leg.
  • Page 61 Navigation Basics 5. Turn the Small knob one click cw to check the next leg. Note that your flight plan continues to HIO as your original plan did. You have inserted a new leg using the Direct-To function. to HIO 2* 003°...

  • Page 62: Direct-To Obs

    Navigation Basics Pressing the DIRECT-TO key twice starts the OBS Direct-To desired track editor. OBS Desired Track allows entry of a desired track to the current To waypoint. The current desired track in the navigation pages will be replaced by the OBS Desired Track value entered.

  • Page 63: Waypoint Database

    Waypoint Database Waypoint Database Waypoint The Apollo GX55 provides an extensive built-in Information database of waypoint information to aid the navigator. Waypoints in the database are divided into 5 categories. This structure allows you to easily select a waypoint as a destination, search for waypoint information, search for nearest waypoints, or insert waypoints into a flight plan.
  • Page 64 Waypoint Database VOR Waypoint Information • Identifier • Name • Radial and distance from the VOR • Bearing and distance from present position • Operating frequency • Lat/Lon coordinates NDB Waypoint Information • Bearing and distance from present position • Operating frequency •...

  • Page 65: Getting Information About A Waypoint

    Waypoint Database You can access the Waypoint database by either Getting Information looking directly or by using a feature that draws about a information from the database, such as using Waypoint Emergency Search or creating a Flightplan. This section will describe going directly into the database, the other methods of using the waypoint database will be covered in the sections about the specific features.
  • Page 66 Waypoint Database 4. Turn the Large knob clockwise one click to move to the next character. Turn the Small knob to select the desired character. Continue to select the needed characters. AIRPORT PORTLAND city OR USA 5. You can also select the waypoint by the facility name.
  • Page 67 Waypoint Database 7. Press INFO to view information about the INFO selected waypoint. AIRPORT PORTLAND-TROUTDA city dup OR USA 9. Press ENTER or INFO to leave the function. ENTER INFO...

  • Page 68: Nearest Waypoint Search

    Waypoint Database An important safety feature of the GX55 is its Nearest Waypoint ability to locate waypoints, and airspaces, closest to Search your position. Should you have to land quickly, you can use this feature to locate a nearby waypoint, assign it as a destination, and quickly navigate to it.

  • Page 69: Create User Waypoint By Lat/Lon

    Waypoint Database The Apollo GX55 allows you to create up to 500 of Create User your own waypoints to the waypoint database. You Waypoint can create a waypoint based on a Lat/Lon or using a by Lat/Lon radial and distance from another waypoint. You can also add the runway length.

  • Page 70: Create User Waypoint By Radial/Distance

    Waypoint Database 4. Press ENTER when you have finished entering ENTER the waypoint information. HOME USER 44°24.29N Rwlen 122°51.52W 3000’ A User waypoint may also be created where its Create User position is referenced by a Radial and Distance from Waypoint another waypoint.
  • Page 71 Waypoint Database 4. Turn the Small knob to select the desired waypoint type. Only Airports, NDBs, and VORs may be used as reference points. Turn the Large knob clockwise one click to move to the firstt character of the identifier. Turn the Small knob to select the desired character.
  • Page 72 Waypoint Database 7. Now, use the Large and Small knobs to enter the waypoint name. You can also adjust Lat/Lon and add the Runway Length. Changing the Lat/Lon will alter the radial/distance value, so you shouldn’t change it unless you need to. Press ENTER ENTER when you are finished.

  • Page 73: Delete User Waypoint

    Waypoint Database Delete User Waypoint 1. Press the DB key. 2. Turn the Large knob to view the “Delete User Waypoint” page. Delete User Wpt Press ENT 3. Press ENTER. The waypoint identifier will ENTER flash. Turn the Small knob to view the User waypoints.

  • Page 74: Modify User Waypoint

    Waypoint Database 1. Press the DB key. Turn the Large knob to view the Modify User “Modify User Wpt” page, and then press ENTER. Waypoint Modify User Wpt Press ENT ENTER 2. Turn the Small knob to view the User waypoints. Find WPT to Mod CABIN user...

  • Page 75: Creating Waypoint Comments

    Waypoint Database You may add comments to up to 200 waypoints. Creating Waypoint The comments are added while viewing the Info for Comments any waypoint. 1. While viewing the desired waypoint, press INFO INFO. Turn the Small knob to the Waypoint Comment page and press SEL.

  • Page 76: Deleting Waypoint Comments

    Waypoint Database You may delete any of the waypoint comments that Deleting Waypoint you have created. Comments 1. Press DB and then turn the Large knob to the “Delete Waypoint Comment” page. Delete Waypoint Comment: 5 used Press ENT 2. Press ENTER to view the waypoint comments. ENTER The first waypoint comment page will show the waypoint identifier, waypoint type, and a portion...

  • Page 77: Flight Plan Functions

    Flight Plan Functions Flight Plan Functions Flight plans are specific routes between waypoints you may store in the Apollo GX55’s memory. This information is used to calculate useful flight statistics. The Flight Plan function allows you to have up to 30 stored flight plans. Each flight plan may have up to 20 legs.

  • Page 78: Active Flight Plan

    Flight Plan Functions 2. Turn the Small knob to view the individual legs of a flight plan. to SLE 1** 353° 48.0nm arpt arpt Active Flight Plan The first plan in the Flight Plan function is the Active plan and is noted by the name *Active* with asterisks.
  • Page 79 Flight Plan Functions 1. Press the FPL key. Turn the Large knob to view the “Create a New Flightplan” page. Press SEL to Create a New Flight Plan 2. Press SEL. ________ Enter a New Plan Name 3. Turn the Small knob to select the first flight plan name character.
  • Page 80 Flight Plan Functions 5. Press ENTER when the name is complete. A ENTER message will display telling you to turn the Small knob to insert waypoints or to press SEL for options. Options can be selected later. Turn Small Knob to Ins Wpts or SEL for Options 6.
  • Page 81 Flight Plan Functions 9. Turn the Large knob clockwise one click to move to the next character position. Turn the Small knob to select the next name character. AIRPORT EUGENE city OR USA 10. After selecting the waypoint name, press ENTER ENTER.

  • Page 82: Flight Plan Sequencing

    Flight Plan Functions Flight Plan The GX55 will automatically sequence from one leg Sequencing to the next as you fly past each waypoint. A line that evenly divides (bisects) the angle between the two legs determines when the flight plan sequences to the next leg.

  • Page 83: Flight Plan Leg Information

    Flight Plan Functions Two types of information are available within flight Flight Plan Leg plan legs: waypoint and flight information. Pressing Information INFO will provide information about destination waypoint. Information about the ETA, ETE, Ground Speed, and Fuel is also available for each leg by selecting which option you like to view in the leg display.
  • Page 84 Flight Plan Functions Estimated Time of Arrival is for the displayed TO waypoint. It is available only in the Active flight plan and requires an actual ground speed of more than 20 knots. If there is no valid ETA for the leg, dashes will replace the value.
  • Page 85 Flight Plan Functions Estimated Time En route in the Active flight plan is from your present position. In an inactive flight plan, ETE uses the FROM waypoint. ETE requires an actual ground speed of more than 20 knots. If there is no valid ETE for the leg, dashes will replace the value.

  • Page 86: Direct-To

    Flight Plan Functions must be greater than 20 knots. If there is no valid Fuel? for the leg, dashes will replace the value. In an inactive flight plan, the Fuel? calculation uses the Estimated Fuel Usage value and the estimated ground speed.

  • Page 87: Manual Leg Activation

    Flight Plan Functions While viewing a leg page of the Active flight plan, Manual pressing ENTER will provide the option for Activation making the displayed leg the active leg. Press ENTER to activate the leg. Follow your CDI to ENTER intercept Leg 3.

  • Page 88: Changing Existing Flight Plan Legs

    Flight Plan Functions overwritten by “Direct” will return as the original FROM waypoint. If you delete the current TO waypoint, the NEXT waypoint, if available, becomes the current TO waypoint. If the last TO waypoint is deleted, the previous From waypoint becomes the current To waypoint and the active leg number will be reduced (i.e.

  • Page 89: Inserting A New Waypoint

    Flight Plan Functions Inserting a New Waypoint 1. In the Flight Plan function, display the leg of the plan that you want to edit. to DLS 067° 75.0nm arpt arpt 2. Press SEL. The From waypoint will flash with the Ins? prompt. Turn the Large knob, if necessary, to the waypoint you want changed.

  • Page 90: Deleting A Waypoint

    Flight Plan Functions Deleting a Waypoint 1. In the Flight Plan function, display the leg of the plan that you want to edit. to TTD 070° 23.0nm arpt arpt 2. Press SEL. The From waypoint will flash with the Chg? prompt. Turn the Large knob to the waypoint you want changed.

  • Page 91: Flight Plan Options

    Flight Plan Functions In the Flight Plan function you may make changes Flight Plan to a flight plan. Options 1. In the Flight Plan function turn the Large knob to a flight plan. 2. Press SEL and then turn the Small knob to view the available functions.

  • Page 92: Rev Activate

    Flight Plan Functions Rev Activate Pressing ENTER when the “Rev Activate” option is displayed copies the selected flight plan to the active plan in reverse waypoint order and starts it at leg 1. Route 2 259nm Dest: Wpt: PDT Rev Activate? Reactivate Press ENTER when the “Reactivate”...

  • Page 93: Copy Plan

    Flight Plan Functions Copy Plan Pressing ENTER when the “Copy Plan” option is displayed allows you to copy any existing plan into the current plan, overwriting all of the current plan’s waypoints. You may choose the active or any inactive flight plan. 1.

  • Page 94: Clear Waypoints

    Flight Plan Functions Clear Waypoints Pressing ENTER will delete all waypoints in the selected flight plan. The plan name will remain. Route 2 259nm Dest: Wpt: PDT Clear Wpts? Reverse Flight Plan Pressing ENTER when the “Reverse” option is displayed reverses all the waypoints in the current flight plan.

  • Page 95: Delete Plan

    Flight Plan Functions After entering the Estimated Fuel Flow, a four second help screen indicates either “Fuel To Uses Actual Gr Speed” when the current flight plan is the active flight plan or “Fuel To Uses Est Gr Speed” when the current flight plan is an inactive, stored flight plan.

  • Page 96: Holding Patterns

    Flight Plan Functions 2. Press SEL. The “Hold?” option will flash. *Active* 259nm Dest: Wpt: PDT Hold? 3. Press ENTER to place the active flight plan on ENTER hold. Waypoint sequencing will be inhibited on the current leg. *Active* 259nm Dest: Wpt: PDT Holding ·...
  • Page 97 Flight Plan Functions While you are in a holding pattern, the CDI/HSI cross-track deviation display and the TO/FROM flag will behave almost exactly the way they would if you were holding at a VOR. The TO/FROM flag will display “TO” prior to reaching the waypoint. The TO/FROM flag will display “FROM”...

  • Page 98: Continue

    Flight Plan Functions When you are ready to depart the hold, you enable sequencing with the OBS/HLD button. If you are on the “TO” side of the waypoint, the flight plan will sequence the next time you cross the waypoint. If you are on the “FROM”...

  • Page 99: Destination Waypoint Information

    Flight Plan Functions 2. Press SEL. The “Continue?” option will flash. *Active* 259nm Dest: Wpt: PDT Continue? 3. Press ENTER to continue the active flight plan. ENTER Waypoint sequencing will be enabled. *Active* 259nm Dest: Wpt: PDT Active · Normal waypoint information about the destination Destination Waypoint waypoint can be viewed by pressing INFO when...

  • Page 100: Flight Plan Comments

    Flight Plan Functions A flight plan comment page can be viewed and Flight Plan edited for each flight plan by pressing INFO when Comments the Plan Name Page is displayed and the turning the Large knob. If no plan comment has been entered, press SEL to create one.

  • Page 101: Saving An Active Flight Plan

    Flight Plan Functions If you have made any changes to the Active plan, Saving an Active you can save it by copying it into a newly created Flight Inactive plan. First, create a new Inactive flight plan Plan without waypoints. Next, select the Copy Plan option while viewing the Active plan.
  • Page 102 Flight Plan Functions 4. Press SEL and turn the Small knob to show the Copy Plan? option. The option will flash. Press ENTER. ENTER PLAN 9 0.0nm Dest wpt: —— Copy Plan? 5. Choose the Active flight plan from the list of flight plans with the Small knob.

  • Page 103: Moving Map Functions

    Moving Map Functions Moving Map Functions Press the MAP key to reach the Moving Map function and view the progress of your flight on a graphic display. Your present position, nearby waypoints, and special use airspaces display options are user-selectable. Three pages are available in the Moving Map function: full screen map, split screen with map and Nav info, and map setups.

  • Page 104: Map Scale

    Moving Map Functions scale. The smart Keys select the display of the waypoint types. The waypoint types selectable from the map view are: airports, VORs, INTersections, and NDBs. Press the smart key to control the display of the waypoint type. There are three selections possible: waypoint identifier and location symbol, location symbol only, and off.

  • Page 105: Map And Nav Info

    Moving Map Functions The Map and Nav Info page of the Map function Map and Nav Info provides a split screen showing the moving map and selected navigation information. The navigation information provided on the right side of the display includes: the current TO waypoint identifier, distance and bearing to the TO waypoint from your current position, ground speed, aircraft current...

  • Page 106: Map Orient

    Moving Map Functions 1. In the Map function, turn the Large knob to reach the Map Setup page. Press SEL to start selection of the Route Line. The Route Line selection will flash. Route Line:On Map Orient:North 2. Turn the Small knob to choose On or Off. 3.

  • Page 107: Identifier And Waypoint Type Selection

    Moving Map Functions 2. Turn the Small knob to choose North, DTK, or Track. 3. Press ENTER when you made your selection, or ENTER turn the Large knob to the next item. Identifier and Waypoint Type Selection The Identifier & Waypoint Type page allows you to choose the type of waypoint identifiers that will be displayed.

  • Page 108: Airspace Setup

    Moving Map Functions 3. Turn the Small knob to select the combination you want shown on the Map display. In this example, only the symbol (+) will be shown on the Map display. APT:¿ID INT:+ VOR:ÂID NDB:ÁID Usr:ÀID 4. Press ENTER when you have completed your ENTER selections, or turn the Large knob to the next item.

  • Page 109: Airspace Buffers

    Moving Map Functions 3. Turn the Large knob to move to the Alerts choice. Turn the Small knob to select On or Off. Press ENTER after completing your choices. ENTER Airspace Setup : On Alerts: On · Airspace Buffers Three values may be adjusted for Airspace Buffers for determining CLOSE information: distance, elevation, and time.

  • Page 110: Atc Ring Selection

    Moving Map Functions ATC Ring Selection When this choice is turned ON, a 5 nm artificial “ATC Ring” is drawn on the Map display around airports that have a control tower. 1. While viewing the ATC Ring page, press SEL to start selection.
  • Page 111 Moving Map Functions 1. In the Navigation Info section of the System functions, turn the Large knob to the Airspace Setup page. Turn the Small knob to view the desired Airspace selection page. Class B Airspace : Off Alert : Off 2.
  • Page 112 Moving Map Functions Notes...

  • Page 113: System Functions

    System Functions System Functions Pressing the SYS key allows you to access the System functions. After pressing the SYS key, turn the Large knob to view the available functions: Navigation Info, System Info, Position Sensors, and Misc Sensors. Press ENTER when viewing the desired System function.

  • Page 114: Navigation Mode Programmable Pages And Autonav

    System Functions 2. Turn the Small knob to select the delay time. Autonav Time: 7 Seconds/Page 3. Press ENTER when finished. ENTER 4. Press NAV. While viewing the Nav functions, Press ENTER to start Autonav scrolling. Press ENTER again to stop Autonav scrolling. ENTER Navigation Mode Programmable Pages and Autonav Pages...
  • Page 115 System Functions 4. Press SEL to activate editing. The first Nav field will flash. ete SLE 00:20 2.00 “¼¼ Dtk 353 48.0nm 5. Turn the Small knob to select the desired Nav information to be displayed in that field. GroundSp 100 kts 2.00 “¼¼...

  • Page 116: Selecting Autonav Pages

    System Functions Selecting Autonav Pages 1. While you are viewing a Nav page information page, press SEL and then ENTER. ENTER 2. You will be prompted to decide if you want to include this page in the Autonav scrolling. Turn the Small knob to choose between Yes and No.

  • Page 117: Setting Units

    System Functions Setting Units Nav displays that show distance may be selected to show either nautical miles or kilometers. 1. In the Navigation section of the System function, turn the Large knob to the Nav Mode Display Pages. Nav Mode Display Programmable and Autonav Pages ·...

  • Page 118: Magnetic Variation

    System Functions Magnetic Variation Automatic or Manual Magnetic Variation can be set in this page. Automatic is the default setting on power-up, unless the database is invalid. 1. In the Navigation section of the System function, turn the Large knob to the Magnetic Variation page and then press SEL.

  • Page 119: Flight Timer Trigger

    System Functions 5. Turn the Large knob to move to the E or W direction field. Turn the Small knob to select E or W and then press ENTER. The MSG annunciator will flash and a message will note that you have selected manual magnetic ENTER variation.

  • Page 120: Direct-To Entry Options

    The default setting for the Direct-To Entry is Never Clears. The Apollo GX55 retains the last Direct-To Entry Option setting when it is powered up.

  • Page 121: Cdi Scaling

    System Functions 1. In the Navigation section of the System function, turn the Large knob to reach the Direct-To page and then press SEL. Direct-To Entry Never Clears Active Plan 2. Turn the Small knob to select “May Clear” or “Never Clears”...

  • Page 122: System Information

    GPS sensor, display software. 1. In the System Information section of the System function, turn the Large knob to reach Software Version page. Apollo GX55 SW Vers X.X SN: 1234567 · 2. Turn the Small knob cw one click to view the Database Version page.

  • Page 123: Test Display

    System Functions 3. Turn the Small knob cw one click to view the GPS Software Version page. GPS Sensor SW Version PN:123456789 Test Display The Test Display page allows you to test the display segments. In the System Information section of the System function, turn the Large knob to reach the ENTER Test Display page.
  • Page 124 System Functions 3. Turn the Small knob to view the Owner Phone. Owner Phone: 503-581-8101 4. Turn the Small knob to view the owner Aircraft. Aircraft: MY AIRPLANE 5. Start editing by pressing SEL. User Must First Enter Password.. 4. The password entry page is then ready. Select the characters with the Small knob and move to the next character to the right by turning the Large knob cw.
  • Page 125 System Functions Once the correct password is entered, editing is allowed until your Apollo GX55 is turned off. Password Matched Editing Enabled 6. Press SEL to start editing. 7. Select the characters with the Small knob and move to the next character to the right by turning the Large knob cw.

  • Page 126: Date And Time

    System Functions Date and Time 1. Press the SYS key. Turn the Large knob to reach the System Information function and press ENTER. Turn the Large knob to the Date and Time page. ENTER System Info Press ENTER 2. This information is provided by the GPS satellites and you will not usually need to change it.
  • Page 127 System Functions 6. Turn the Large knob to move to the Year value. Turn the Small knob to choose the year. Date: 24 APR 97 Time: 23:24 UTC SEL to Reset 7. Turn the Large knob to move to the Time-Hours value.

  • Page 128: Gps Sensor

    System Functions The GPS Sensor selection provides information Sensor about GPS satellite health, the GPS satellites available, information on each satellite, GPS Time, and GPS Reset. See the Introduction to GPS section on page 117 for more information on how GPS works.

  • Page 129: Satellite Search Status

    System Functions 4. Turn the Small knob again to view the GPS Satellite Status, Elevation, SNR, and Azimuth page. Continue turning the Small knob to view information about each available satellite. SV31 Status srch Ele 21° Sig 123 Azimuth 043° •...

  • Page 130: Gps Date And Time Page

    System Functions GPS Date and Time Page In the GPS Sensor Information function, turn the Small knob to view the GPS Date and Time page. Time (UTC) May 24, 1997 17:54:27 GPS Normal Reset Page Resetting the GPS receiver resends current time, date, and position to the GPS receiver.

  • Page 131: Introduction To Gps Navigation

    While orbiting the earth, each GPS satellite transmits complex streams of data containing the operational status and orbital location of all the satellites in the system. The Apollo GX55 receives...

  • Page 132: Gps System Accuracy

    Introduction to GPS Navigation this data stream and processes the information to determine which satellites are “visible” to the receiver’s antenna. With this determination made, the receiver chooses satellites to calculate a position fix. Using information transmitted from three or more satellites, the unit can calculate latitude and longitude (usually abbreviated Lat/Lon);...

  • Page 133: Raim

    Introduction to GPS Navigation RAIM stands for Receiver Autonomous Integrity RAIM Monitor. It is a way a GPS receiver can detect when the signals it is receiving from one or more of the satellites are wrong. It does this by using more satellites than are required for a position solution.

  • Page 134: What Are En Route, Terminal, And Approach Operations

    MAP). Approach RAIM is provided only if an approach is loaded into your active flight plan and it is enabled. Remember that the Apollo GX55 is not certified for Approach operation. Terminal RAIM, or 1.0 nm alarm limit is provided within 30 nm of your departure and your destination airport (except when Approach RAIM is provided).

  • Page 135: How Often Will Raim Be Unavailable

    The Apollo GX55 has been designed such that with an optimal 21 satellites in operation, Approach RAIM availability should exceed 95%.

  • Page 136: What Does It Mean When I Get A "Raim Not

    What does it mean when I get a “RAIM not available” message? If RAIM is not available, your Apollo GX55 may be capable of continuing to provide good accurate IFR navigation. What you have lost is the ability to tell if a satellite is sending bad data.
  • Page 137 Introduction to GPS Navigation Satellite clock failures, one of the more probable failures, is more likely to occur on the older Block-I satellites, but this does not mean that it can’t happen on the newer ones. When a satellite failure does happen, it can result in undetected error of miles in the position if a receiver is using the failed satellite in its navigation solution.
  • Page 138 Introduction to GPS Navigation Notes...

  • Page 139: Start Up Displays

    The Start Up Sequence varies between units due to installation differences. The initial start up message is displayed for about three seconds. Apollo GX55 By II Morrow If the owner name has been previously entered (in Owner...

  • Page 140: Non-Volatile Ram Tests

    Start Up Displays If the checksum passes, the next screen is displayed for two seconds. Software Test Passed Failure to pass the software checksum test indicates that the software memory is corrupted. The GPS board will not continue operation when the following screen is displayed.

  • Page 141: Miscellaneous Nvram Memory Failure

    Start Up Displays Flight plan checksums exist for all flight plan information. If a particular flight plan checksum does not match the calculated checksum, the flight plan is deleted, or in the case of the Active Flight Plan, the plan is reinitialized. The following message is then displayed until you press ENTER.

  • Page 142: Database Message

    Expires mm/dd/yy Version: x.xx A series of tests covering connections for IFR flight Output are tested if your Apollo GX55 has been installed Tests and configured for IFR flight. Starting IFR Output Tests After the completion of all tests the Apollo GX55...
  • Page 143 Start Up Displays CDI Output Tests The CDI (Course Deviation Indicator) outputs are tested first. Each of the following displays is shown for two seconds, during which the external CDI needle should be driven as indicated by the display, which is up to the user to verify. CDI Tests CDI Full Right CDI tests and display screens are provided for CDI...
  • Page 144 Start Up Displays Nav Valid and Nav Super Flag Tests The Nav Valid and Nav Super Flag outputs are tested next. Each of the following displays is shown for three seconds, during which the external Nav Valid and Nav Super flags should be driven as indicated by the display, which is up to the user to verify.

  • Page 145: External Annunciator Lamp Tests

    Start Up Displays VDI Valid and VDI Super Flag Tests The VDI Valid and VDI Super Flag outputs are tested next. Each of the following displays is shown for three seconds, during which the external VDI Valid and VDI Super flags should be driven as indicated by the display, which is up to the user to verify.

  • Page 146: Screen Test

    Start Up Displays Screen Test A full visual display test on each line of the display and all of the annunciators is run next, preceded for two seconds by the following screen. Starting Display Test... The visual display incrementally lights groups of pixels on the electroluminescent display.

  • Page 147: Message Function

    Message Function Message Function Message function is responsible for warning the user changing conditions which require immediate attention. When a new message exists, the MSG annunciator flashes on and off approximately twice per second, until either the user views the new message, or the condition causing the message goes away.

  • Page 148: New Messages

    Message Function The New Message page shows how many new Messages messages are stored. 1. Press MSG. Turn the Large knob to switch between New and Old Messages. 2 New Messages Turn Large Knob For Old Msgs 2. Turn the Small knob to view each message. The Old Message page shows how many old Messages messages are stored.

  • Page 149: Messages

    Message Function The following is a summary of the conditions that Messages cause a message warning, and examples of the messages generated for each condition. Special Use Airspace Messages Following is a list of the types of airspace messages which can be generated. All of the airspace messages become old messages after they are viewed.
  • Page 150 Message Function INSIDE This condition occurs when the plane penetrates the airspace. Inside of SAN DIEGO Class B Empty TO Waypoint: Cannot Compute Nav Anytime the current To waypoint is empty, this message is generated. It becomes an old message after viewing.
  • Page 151 Message Function GPS RAIM Not Available When RAIM detection is not available for the GPS sensor, a warning is generated. The current flight phase is displayed first (either Terminal or En route). It becomes an old message after viewing. Enroute GPS RAIM Not Available GPS RAIM Position Error...
  • Page 152 Message Function Arrival At the TO Waypoint The arrival message is generated when you are within 36 seconds of arrival at the current TO waypoint. It is cleared after viewing it; it does not become an old message after viewing. The arrival condition will also go away without viewing the message after crossing the angle bisector.
  • Page 153 Message Function Holding at the TO Waypoint This form of the Arrival Alert is provided when holding at the current TO waypoint. Arrival: SLE - Holding - TO Waypoint Sequence When a waypoint sequence occurs and the user has not viewed the arrival alert, the following alert is provided if you are traveling faster than 5 knots (this reduces the chance of nuisance alerts).
  • Page 154 Message Function User Database Memory Loss This message indicates that one or more user waypoints or user-defined comments had a checksum error. This message is cleared after the message is viewed. User Database Memory Loss: 2 Deleted Flight Plan Memory Loss This message indicates that one or more flight plans had a checksum error.
  • Page 155 Message Function Database Expired This message indicates that the datacard expiration date is before the current UTC date. This message is cleared after the message is viewed. America Database Expires 06/30/97 Version: x.xx Database Invalid This message indicates that the datacard memory has been corrupted.
  • Page 156 Message Function Low Internal Battery Voltage This message is generated when low internal battery voltage is detected. It becomes an old message after being viewed. Battery voltage is checked every 15 seconds. This battery backs up the memory for information added by the user, such as user waypoints and stored flight plans.

  • Page 157: Troubleshooting

    If you cannot correct the problem, contact your dealer. If your dealer is unavailable, contact the II Morrow factory at the address and phone number listed. If efforts to resolve the problem fail, contact your Contacting dealer or the factory weekdays from 8:00 A.M.

  • Page 158: To Ensure Trouble Free Operation

    Record the position sensor data Correct (displayed in SYS mode) for ALL satellites (GPS) Problem and call your II Morrow dealer, Service Center, or the factory. The technician MUST have this information to help you solve the problem.
  • Page 159 Troubleshooting Problem Possible Cause Action Unit does not Open in power Check circuit power on supply circuit breaker - reset if necessary Faulty electrical Contact your wiring or dealer to perform connection electrical system test No GPS signal Obstructed signal Move aircraft out reception path...
  • Page 160 Troubleshooting Problem Possible Cause Action MSG light stays on The In-Use Check for after power-on. position sensor is obstructions and Displayed not able to connections to the message is: IN calculate a position antenna. USE SENSOR CANNOT The GPS engine COMPUTE Lat/Lon may need to be reset.

  • Page 161: Flight Simulator

    GX55. The Flight Simulator is programmed into your About the Flight Apollo GX55 at the factory. The Flight Simulator is Simulator activated during start up by pressing the NAV key while you turn the power switch on. The Apollo GX55 “asks” you to enter a ground speed and altitude each time the Flight Simulator is started.

  • Page 162: Removing And Replacing The Apollo Gx55

    Flight Simulator The following procedure is used to remove the Removing Apollo GX55 so you can operate it at a location of Replacing your choice. Apollo GX55 1. Remove the Apollo GX55 from the front panel of your aircraft. Use a 3/32” hex driver (p/n 998-0048 included with installation kit).
  • Page 163 No. Press ENTER. If you do nothing, the Apollo GX55 will automatically retain the previous Flight Plan and switch to the Nav function. The Apollo GX55 will go to the Nav function and a simulated GPS sensor begins tracking your position from the first From waypoint in the Active flight plan.

  • Page 164: Flight Simulator Operations

    Changes made to flight plans and waypoints while the simulator is running are retained when the Apollo GX55 is reinstalled in the aircraft.

  • Page 165: Glossary Of Navigation Terms

    Glossary of Navigation Terms Glossary of Navigation Terms Altitude (GPS ALT): Altitude, as calculated by the Apollo GX55, based upon a mathematical model of the earth’s surface curvature. A substantial difference between this altitude value and altitude referenced to sea level may exist.
  • Page 166 Database: A collection of data structured in such a way as to allow quick and convenient access to any particular record or records. The Apollo GX55 contains a built-in database of waypoints and waypoint information. Users may add waypoints to this database.
  • Page 167 Glossary of Navigation Terms DME: Distance Measuring Equipment Drift: Displacement from the intended course of travel. Elevation: The angle of a GPS satellite above the horizon. Emergency Search: The function that allows to immediately navigate to the nearest airport in the case of an emergency.
  • Page 168 Glossary of Navigation Terms Greenwich Mean Time (GMT): See Universal Time Coordinate (UTC). Ground (GRND): Ground communication frequency Ground Speed (GS): Speed of travel across the ground. In aviation, the relation between ground speed and air speed is affected by the prevailing winds.
  • Page 169 Map Datum: A mathematical model of the earth used for the purpose of creating navigation charts and maps. The Apollo GX55 uses the WGS84 map datum. MESA: Minimum Enroute Safe Altitude is the highest MSA for every point between the aircraft present position and the “TO”...
  • Page 170 Second: 1/60th of a minute of a degree. Seed Position: A latitude and longitude position fix approximately equal to the current position that the Apollo GX55 uses to determine the location of available satellites from which signals may be received.
  • Page 171 Glossary of Navigation Terms Selective Availability (SA): The degradation of accuracy of GPS position fix data by the United States Department of Defense for civilian use. Space Vehicle (SV): A GPS satellite. Statute Mile: A distance measurement equal to 5,280 feet or 0.87 of a nautical mile. Three-dimensional (3D) Position Fix: A position fix defined by latitude, longitude, and altitude.
  • Page 172 Glossary of Navigation Terms UTC Differential: The difference in time between that at the present position and UTC. Universal Transverse Mercator Map Projection System (UTM): Also known as Military Grid Coordinates, the UTM grid consists of 60 north-south/east-west zones, each six degrees wide in longitude.

  • Page 173: Index

    Copy flight plan... . . 79 Index Countdown timer..35, 142 Cross track distance..23 Current time.
  • Page 174 Options ....77 II Morrow ....143 Pages....63 Info .
  • Page 175 System ....5 VOR ....5 Knobs .
  • Page 176 Special use airspace ..32 Destination ..13, 85 Specifications....6 FROM .
  • Page 177 © 1997 by II Morrow Inc. 2345 Turner Rd., S.E. Salem, OR 97302 U.S.A. Phone 503.581.8101 800.525.6726 In Canada 800.654.3415 FAX 503.364.2138 http://www.iimorrow.com Part #560-0962-00 June 1997...

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