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Monroe Electronics 177A Instruction Manual

Multi-point fieldmeter and alarm system
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Instruction Manual
for
Monroe Electronics, Inc.
Multi-Point Fieldmeter and
Alarm System
Model 177A
Specifications subject to change without notice.
P/N 0340184
122216
Firmware v 1.12
Software v1.05
100 Housel Ave  PO Box 535  Lyndonville NY 14098
585-765-2254  fax: 585-765-9330 monroe-electronics.com

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  • Page 1 Instruction Manual Monroe Electronics, Inc. Multi-Point Fieldmeter and Alarm System Model 177A Specifications subject to change without notice. P/N 0340184 122216 Firmware v 1.12 Software v1.05 100 Housel Ave  PO Box 535  Lyndonville NY 14098 585-765-2254  fax: 585-765-9330 monroe-electronics.com...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Section 7 TYPICAL SETUP ..................Page 17 Section 8 OPERATION ....................Page 18 Section 9 177A SOFTWARE ..................Page 22 Section 10 PROGRAMMING VIA THE FRONT PANEL ..........Page 28 Section 11 OPTIONAL 4 – 20 mA MODULE ..............Page 29 Section 12 UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE ..............

  • Page 3: Warranty

    Monroe Electronics. In the event of a breach of the foregoing warranty, the liability of Monroe Electronics shall be limited to repairing or replacing the non-conforming goods and/or defective work, and in accordance with the foregoing, Monroe Electronics shall not be liable for any other damages, either direct or consequential.

  • Page 4: General

    Each Model 177A will monitor up to four locations using Monroe Model 1036 sensors placed at distances up to 1000 feet from the instrument. Processes can be continuously monitored and recorder outputs may be utilized for long term, drift free data acquisition.

  • Page 5: Specifications

    Section 2 SPECIFICATIONS Monitor Console Temperature Range: +15° to +45° C Analog Outputs 10 V, 0 – 5V, (2.5V ±2.5V full scale); <10  impedance; (user selectable): or simultaneous 4-20mA (optional) RS232/485 Control: Channel status, channel disable / enable, group control / setup Accuracy: ±...

  • Page 6: Electronic Fields And Fieldmeters

    Charged Surface Figure 1: Probe-to-Charged-Surface Separation, D Monroe Electronics electrostatic fieldmeters use a feedback-driven, null seeking design to assure accurate, drift-free, non-contacting measurements. Accuracy is typically a moderate 3% in a carefully controlled geometry. Figure 2 illustrates a Monroe Model 1036 fieldmeter probe in simple graphical form. This particular fieldmeter is a chopper-stabilized design that operates reliably in both ionized and non-ionized environments (refer to Appendix II.)
  • Page 7 Figure 2: Monroe Model 1036 Fieldmeter Probe Electrostatic fieldmeters measure electric field strength by non-contacting means. All the charged objects, voltage sources, and grounded conductors (including the fieldmeter probe housing) in the general area affect the electric field strength measurement. The fieldmeter measures the electric field strength only at its aperture.
  • Page 8 Effect of Probe Type on Fieldmeter Readings For measurement of insulating web surfaces, it is best to maintain the same distance from the fieldmeter to the web as when the fieldmeter was calibrated. Since most fieldmeters are calibrated at one inch, their apertures should be positioned one inch from the web. The Model 1036E probe will give accurate readings (as-is) at a measurement distance of one inch because its large grounded face helps to create a uniform electric field near the aperture of the probe.

  • Page 9: Installation

    177A is shipped with its firmware set to indicate 10KV full-scale. If the installation is using probes other than 10KV full-scale, the 177A will need to be re-set for a different full-scale value. To do this, reference the 177A Front Panel Programming Tree shipped with the unit. Place the 177A in Set-up mode and then navigate to the PT (Probe Type) block as shown in the tree.
  • Page 10 Figure 7: Rear panel relay hookups Rear panel alarm relay connections: Three status LEDs and relays are assigned to each channel. These LEDs and relays are referenced as OK, WARNING, and ALARM. External monitoring equipment can be connected to these relays and indicator LEDs via screw terminals located on the rear panel of the instrument and assigned as specified on the instruments cover.

  • Page 11: Principle Of Operation

    Section 5 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Refer to Figure 9 for the following discussion. The probe is placed to “view” the target surface, which is assumed to be charged. In this instance, the gradient cap containing the aperture faces the target surface. A sensitive electrode behind the aperture is vibrated perpendicular to the electric field by means of a drive coil (vibrated toward and away from the target surface).

  • Page 12: Using 1036E And 1036F Sensors

    (containing the aperture) on each probe. Full-scale sensitivity for any given system or channel (in the case of a multi-channel system such as the Model 177A) can be determined by inspecting the gradient cap on the probe. Each gradient cap is stamped on its face with a number, which represents a different size aperture.
  • Page 13 Probe Model Full Scale Sensitivity 1036_-3 ±1 kV/cm (±100 kV/M) 1036_-4 ±10 kV/cm (±1 MV/M) 1036_-5 ±20 kV/cm (±2 MV/M) 1036_-6 ±10 kV/in Standard 1036_-7 ±1 kV/in Table 1: Probe Model vs. Full Scale Sensitivity Mounting: Probe mounting requirements for electrostatic field determinations will vary somewhat with the nature of the desired measurement.
  • Page 14 Both types of probes are normally equipped with 10-foot-long cables and subminiature D connectors that mate with Monroe Electronics Model 177A. This is Option 1 of 6 available wiring options – see Appendix A – Probe Connection Options for details. The first 3 options are for non-hazardous (non- classified) locations where there are no Intrinsic Safety (IS) considerations.
  • Page 15 A complete probe purge kit, Model 1017/22G, is available for Model 1036F from Monroe Electronics. It includes a low volume, long-life air pump, mechanical and chemical filters, and a supply of tubing.
  • Page 16 1-1½ turns at a time until the assembly is secured in the housing. Standardization: A simple accurate means of standardizing Model 1036 probes using any channel of the Model 177A Static Monitor as a test vehicle is given here.
  • Page 17 DB9M Connector Bulk Cable is Belden 8777 1036E Probe Housing NOTES: 1. Place Teflon tubing over drain wires. Connector Parts ME P/N 2. Place shrink tubing over shielded pairs. Conn. Plug 3. All shields to be isolated from each other. DB9, Male 9232278 Conn.
  • Page 18 Set up apparatus as outlined above. Set a precision calibrating voltage source to zero volts.  Set the Model 177A Static Monitor zero control of the selected channel to read a value of  0.000 at its ±10V analog output using a high quality, 4½ digit digital multimeter (DMM).

  • Page 19: Typical Setup

    RS-485 /232 Slave/Out 177A Master To 1036 Sensors RS-232 RS-485 Master Slave In Slave/Out 177A #2 Slave Analog out To 1036 Sensors 9-12 Master Slave In Slave/Out 177A #3 Slave Figure 14 – Block Diagram of a typical set up...

  • Page 20: Operation

    The front panel console push button switches the power to the to the unit’s power supply.) If line power is lost, the 177A will return to operational status when power is restored. GROUP ENA/DIS - All channels in the group (of four) are enabled on power-up. These channels may be immediately and simultaneously disabled by pressing the GROUP ENA/DIS button on the front panel or clicking the GROUP ENA/DIS button on the program monitor screen.
  • Page 21 Rear Panel Relay Connections Three status LEDs and relays are assigned to each channel. These LEDs and relays are referenced as OK, WARNING, and ALARM. External monitoring equipment can be connected to these via screw terminals located on the rear panel of the instrument. Connections are specified in Figure 7 on page 10 and on the instrument’s cover.
  • Page 22 (non-latching) or until the condition corrected and the channel is reset (Latching). 177A Relay and LED Functions Initially all Ok, warning, alarm relays are closed (shorted or activated). The Ok LED is on; warning and alarm LEDs are off.
  • Page 23 Fig 14, on page 17.. The Slave in connector accepts the Reference and forces the modulator to be synchronized with the other 177A’s. Standard USB cables with Type A/B connectors are used for interconnects. These are supplied with the 177As.

  • Page 24: 177A Software

    Close the window. Programming via PC The software included with the 177A is designed to program, monitor and test the instrument via RS- 232 or RS-485 connections using the toolbar on the program’s main screen.
  • Page 25 From the File drop-down menu: Select Open to retrieve a stored program fileneme.prg Select Save to save a program Select Restore Defaults to restore the default settings to all channels Click on Get to select program 1 - 4, or retrieve the active program Edit Channel- Each channel has its own alarm and warning levels, full-scale setting and decimal setting.
  • Page 26 Default for Auto-Zero level is  3v. After editing a program you may save it to your hard drive or send it to the 177A as it’s active program. First exit the Edit Channel window by clicking on O.K., then from the Store drop-down menu: Click on Active Program or Program 1, 2, 3, or 4 to store your program into permanent memory.
  • Page 27 “Connect.” Monitor The monitor screen enables you to observe the 177A console in real time. It reads data from the 177A console and updates the screen at approximately 3 times per second. The top half of the Monitor screen mimics the instrument’s front panel, while the bottom half of the Monitor screen displays the active program from the 177A.
  • Page 28 Ena/Dis – Toggles channel status Disable / Enable / Alarm for the corresponding channel Zero – Initiates Auto Zeroing for the corresponding channel Auto Zero Exit – Stops ongoing auto zeroing FP Lock – Click on the button on the monitor screen or select FP From the Front panel drop-down menu: Lock/Unlock –...
  • Page 29 Selecting this window from the MONITOR drop-down menu on the main screen permits reading and writing to the front panel displays, LEDs, and exercising the system relay contacts. Before using this feature, the 177A must be connected and set to Group-Disable to permit control of these items.

  • Page 30: Programming Via The Front Panel

    Section 10 Programming via the Front Panel A programming tree is supplied to facilitate instrument programming via the front panel. Use the programming tree in conjunction with the front panel features detailed at the beginning of Section 9 to work your way through the programming sequences. Refer to the Front Panel Program tree included on the CD provided.

  • Page 31: Optional 4 - 20 Ma Module

    Section 11 Optional 4 – 20 mA Module General The optional 4-20 mA module provides 4 separate channel outputs in addition to the normal voltage outputs. All channels have a common ground. The instrument provides a 12-volt nominal supply which gives a compliance range of 7-volts. No external supply is required provided the 7-volt compliance is observed.
  • Page 32 2. Remove the 7 phillips-head screws that hold the cover of on the chassis. Remove the cover and set aside. 3. Remove the 2 screws holding the 4-20 ma option cover on the 177A back panel. Discard these parts. 4. Remove the 4 phillips-head screws from the tops of the mounting stand-offs as shown below.
  • Page 33 4_20_APPNOTE_060607.cdr 060607EPF...

  • Page 34: Upgrading The Firmware

    CD. Units that are version 1.02 require reprogramming of the processor and cannot be upgraded via the 177A software. To check the version of your unit read the Channel 2 display at power up. Note: For the duration of the firmware upgrade (approximately 6 minutes) the instrument is not functional and the system is not monitoring.
  • Page 35 The source file may be on a CD or downloaded from the Internet. If not available via our web site please contact Monroe Electronics to obtain to receive firmware updates. Upon selecting the appropriate upgrade file the instrument will “check” the update file and display the following if it is O.K.
  • Page 36 APPENDIX I PROBE CONNECTION OPTIONS There are at least six wiring options for the Model 177A with regards to the Model 1036E or 1036F probes. The first three options are for non-hazardous (non-classified) locations where there are no Intrinsic Safety (IS) considerations. The last three options are for hazardous (classified) locations where Intrinsic Safety (IS) must be considered as part of the installation.
  • Page 37 There are a couple of ways to approach (b. [above]): a. 1. Buy factory fabricated 1036/12-XXXX extension cables (where "XXXX" is the length of the cable in feet) that are long enough to reach from the console location, through the conduit, to the probe location with a few feet extra for measurement error.
  • Page 38 Figure A-I-1...
  • Page 39 Figure A-I-2...
  • Page 43 Class I, Division 1, Groups C and D hazardous locations when installed in accordance with the appropriate Monroe Electronics, Inc. control drawings included in this manual. Approved safety barriers must be used as shown in the drawings to comply.
  • Page 44 NOTES for R. Stahl Systems:  Enclosures include mounting rails, insulating standoffs, ground terminals and labels.  Listed enclosures are Hoffman NEMA-4. Some National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA) publications dealing with the subject of Intrinsic Safety (IS) are:  NFPA 497A - Classification of Class I (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas (pamphlet) ...
  • Page 45  Station ID, RS-485 and Terminator setup: Each 177A on the same RS-485 bus must have its own unique ID (1- 255). This can be set via ME177A software or from the front panel Setup. Baud rate is 9600 by default.
  • Page 46 When connecting to the PC’s USB port, an USB to RS-485 converter is needed (see Diagram above). The following device has been tested to use with 177A: VScom USB-COMi Adapter. Connection to the 177A: Locate the DB-9 connecter on the back of the unit, connect the two wires to the 485 data as follows:...
  • Page 47 +232 RS-232 Down 485 - FuL RS-485 Full duplex Enter Connection to the 177A: Locate the DB-9 connecter on the back of the unit; connect the four wires to the 485 bus as follows: RS-485Bus 177A DB-9  Pin1 ...
  • Page 48 APPENDIX IV Communication with ME 177A using MODBUS Protocol Read Channel LEDs or Relays (read coil) Write Channel LEDs or Relays (write coil) Read Channel display (read register) Write Channel display (write register) Read Channel LEDs or Relays (read-coil): From Master (PC software or PLC):...
  • Page 49 177A reply to write single Register is identical to the received packet: Unit# Command RegAdrH RegAdrL dataH dataL crcH crcL 1-255 0x06 Note: If the Unit# is 0, the 177A units will execute the Write-Coil and Write-Register commands, but No reply.
  • Page 50 The followings are examples of Read Channel command from PC to 177A, ID=1. The command is 8-byte in length. They are in hex. Read channel 1: Channel1 crcH crcL Read channel 2: Channel2 crcH crcL Read channel 3: Channel3 crcH crcL...
  • Page 51 Fieldmeter Measurement Techniques Using Monroe Electronics Model 1036 Probes Monroe Electronics Model 1036 fieldmeter probes are calibrated (or, more correctly, "standardized") in a true uniform or homogeneous field. The calibration fixtures used are designed to produce parallel field lines. As a true uniform field does not usually occur in most practical measurement situations, partly due to the introduction of the grounded probe itself, one must either: 1.
  • Page 52 Convergent field lines such, as these tend to “enhance” the measurement and cause the apparent field strength to increase, thus producing a high reading. Although this may be relatively inconsequential where a direct measurement of surface voltage is desired — for example, where a probe whose specified sensitivity is 10kV/cm is being used at 1cm to produce an indicated full scale value of up to 10,000 volts —...
  • Page 53 APPLICATION NOTE APNE-0014 Electrostatic Charging In Web Converting Table of Contents Introduction .................... 53 Why Is It Important To Understand, Measure And Control Static Electricity In Web Coating, Converting, And Printing? ......53 Overall Review Of Static Generation, Measurement, And Continuous Control Of Static In Web Handling Operations ....

  • Page 54: Introduction

    Introduction Why Is It Important To Understand, Measure And Control Static Electricity In Web Coating, Converting, And Printing? Statically charged materials on the converting machine, the web, or both may attract or repel the web to itself or to the machine. This material misbehavior can adversely affect the manufacturing process by causing jams and downtime, reduced productivity, and/or poor product quality.

  • Page 55: How Electrostatic Charge Builds-Up On A Moving Web

    How Electrostatic Charge Builds-Up on a Moving Web Electrostatic Charging On A Web Converting Machine Electrostatic charging can occur in several different ways, but for the purposes of this document, we will limit our discussion to contact and separation (triboelectric) charging between two surfaces.
  • Page 56 Table IV-1 is a short triboelectric series that provides an indication of the order of some common materials. The way to use a triboelectric series is to note the relative positions of the two materials of interest. The material that charges positively will be the one that is closer to the positive end of the series, and the material closer to the negative end will charge negatively.

  • Page 57: Locations Of Charge Transfer In Web Converting Machines

    Factors That Most Affect Triboelectric Charging Contact Pressure: Increased pressure increases contact area by reducing the air gap between surfaces. Contact Time: Increased contact time can increase charge transfer by enlarging the contact area. Draining Velocity: The speed at which charges travel along the web toward recombination. It is relatively constant and independent of parting velocity, but is directly related to web front/back surface and bulk conductivity.
  • Page 58 Webs and rollers exchange charge because of differences in material properties. The factors that we saw above translate into the following factors in a coating, converting, or printing machine: Roller bulk conductivity and surface conductivity Roller surface chemistry (material and contamination) Roller surface roughness, texture, and venting Roller/Web alignment and tracking Roller/Web frictional drag (bearing failure)

  • Page 59: Typical Web Charging Scenario

    Typical Web Charging Scenario If we select values of the above factors and hold them constant while allowing the web and roller to make multiple identical contacts, the charge that is transferred follows an exponential charging relationship versus time. The web charge density then gradually approaches equilibrium at velocity V.

  • Page 60: Techniques To Minimize Web Charge And How They Work

    The proper operation and effectiveness of ionization systems can be verified by continuous downstream monitoring using permanent installations of Monroe Electronics Model 177A fieldmeters with Monroe 1036 fieldmeter probes. The application note, ANPE-0015 Electric Fields and Fieldmeters, deals with the practical...

  • Page 61: Continuous Static Control

    Continuous Static Control Control of static is not something that occurs once and can then be forgotten. It requires the implementation of continuous procedures such as charge neutralization using ionizers with electric field monitoring using permanent fieldmeters and probes to verify that the ionizers are working effectively.

  • Page 62: Keys To Continuous Static Control

    not create a threat of explosion or fire when used with solvents-based coating or printing applications. Nuclear ionizers are a controlled device subject to licensing and regulation. Key To Continuous Static Control The keys to continuous static control are: (1) Correct determination of critical machine areas to (2) monitor continuously.
  • Page 63 APPLICATION NOTE APNE-0015 Electric Fields and Fieldmeters in Web Converting Table of Contents Introduction ....................63 Content ......................63 Review ......................63 II. Electric Fields and Fieldmeters ..............63 Electric Field ....................63 Electric Fieldmeters ..................64 Effect of Probe Type on Fieldmeter Readings ..........66 Investigation of High Electric Field Problem Areas w/ Handheld Fieldmeters68 Effect of Operator Presence on Fieldmeter Readings ........

  • Page 64: Introduction

    VII. I. Introduction Content This document provides the reader with a review of how fieldmeters operate to measure electric fields, the effects of web-converting machine geometry and operator techniques when measuring electric fields, how handheld fieldmeters are used to investigate where static problem areas exist on machines, and techniques for interpreting fieldmeter readings.

  • Page 65: Electric Fieldmeters

    Accuracy is typically 2% to 5% in a carefully controlled geometry. Figure II-2 illustrates a Monroe Electronics Model 1036 fieldmeter probe in simple graphical form. This particular fieldmeter is a chopper-stabilized design that operates reliably in both ionized and non-ionized environments.
  • Page 66 Figure II-2 Monroe Model 1036 Fieldmeter Probe Electrostatic fieldmeters measure electric field strength by non-contacting means. All the charged objects, voltage sources, and grounded conductors (including the fieldmeter probe housing) in the general area affect the electric field strength measurement. The fieldmeter measures the electric field strength only at its aperture.

  • Page 67: Effect Of Probe Type On Fieldmeter Readings

    265A and 282A handheld fieldmeters as-is, provided the web is wide enough and there are no nearby grounds or other charged surfaces to influence the electric field. The situation is more complex for the Monroe Electronics Models 257D and 177A fieldmeters, which both use the Model 1036 probes[3]. The Model 1036 probes are primarily used for permanent installations once the high-field locations have been determined using one of the handheld meters.
  • Page 68 1036E Probe Charged 1” Straight field lines Surface Aperture Figure II-5 Field Lines Straight to 1036E Probe 1036F Probe Charged 1” Convergent field lines Surface Figure II-6 Field Lines Converging to 1036F Probe APNE-0016...
  • Page 69 Monroe Electronics manufactures portable fieldmeters that are capable of easily and accurately determining high-field problem areas. Two fieldmeters that are recommended for surveying web converting machines are the Monroe Electronics Models 282A and 282IS. (See also Application Note APNE-0012, Comparison of Monroe Electronics' Handheld Fieldmeters.)

  • Page 70: Effect Of Operator Presence On Fieldmeter Readings

    Effect of Operator Presence on Fieldmeter Readings Fieldmeters are calibrated in fixtures without a person holding them, so the effect of the grounded operator holding the fieldmeter probe while taking measurements must be minimized. For best results, handheld fieldmeters, such as the Monroe 265A and 282A, should be held by the operator’s outstretched arm and away from the body so as to minimize the effect of the body on the measurement.
  • Page 71 Pinch roller operation, as when the web runs over a metal gravure cylinder with a rubber impression roller applying pressure to the cylinder. One must be careful that a high ‘bound’ charge is not captured within the insulator, lest a condition for highly energetic propagating brush discharges be established [4,9].
  • Page 72 Simple "Net Charge" Static Survey Start Stop Page 1 starting web Static discharges material conductive? finished web product unlikely if all (volume resistivity <10E6 conductive? conductors are ohm-cm?) grounded Stop! Hazardous starting web dielectric propagating brush web top & bottom breakdown strength static discharges surfaces: different chem.
  • Page 73 Simple "Net Charge" Static Survey from Page 2 web enter See Section YY , flammable area Location & Use of 1036E such as solvent Intrinsically Safe Fieldmeter coating or Probes printing? listen for static 'fuzz' want quick or 'popping' while overview of Note: walking along...
  • Page 74 Simple "Net Charge" Static Survey from Page 3 approach web span to be measured, monitoring meter reading does meter reading Stop! begin to exceed 20 See Notes for Page 3 in Possible static kV/in at greater than 1" discharge from web preceding section probe-to-web to fieldmeter...

  • Page 75: Calculating Web Surface Charge Density

    Calculating Web Surface Charge Density Providing that fieldmeter readings are taken in compliance with the limiting conditions specified above, web surface charge density (charge per unit area, q/A) can be calculated from these readings as follows [2,4]: Surface charge density(σ) = Electric field(E) x Permittivity of free space(ε) e.g.

  • Page 76: References

    Propagating Brush Discharges on Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers, Compounds and Coated Materials”, Electrostatics '87, Inst Phys Confr Series No. 85, London (1987) [6] Vosteen, W.E., Monroe Electronics, Inc., “A Review of Current Electrostatic Measurement Techniques and Their Limitations” presented at the Electrical Overstress Exposition, April 24-26, 1984...
  • Page 77 APPLICATION NOTE APNE-0016 Static Control in Web Converting Table of Contents Continuous Measurement and Control of Web Static Levels in Critical Machine Areas ..76 Content ..........................76 Machine Grounding Hazard Elimination ................76 Machine Part Geometry Hazard Elimination ..............76 Determining locations for continuous static control and monitoring in nonhazardous areas using portable fieldmeters ................

  • Page 78: Continuous Measurement And Control Of Web Static Levels In Critical Machine Areas

    Continuous Measurement and Control of Web Static Levels in Critical Machine Areas Content Control of static is not something that occurs once and can then be forgotten. It requires the implementation of continuous procedures such as charge neutralization using ionizers and electric field monitoring using permanent fieldmeters to verify that the ionizers are working effectively.

  • Page 79: Hints For Maximum Static Control And Effective Monitoring

    The Model 177A is the only system designed for long-term unattended monitoring of static levels in industrial environments. The Model 177A accepts up to four Model 1036E or Model1036F electric-field-sensing probes. The probes measure the electric field in the particular locations where they are installed, and they continuously monitor for electric field levels that may indicate safety hazards or quality concerns.

  • Page 80: Using Models 1036E And 1036F Electrostatic Fieldmeter Probes

    Consult the Model 177A Operator’s Manual for information about its features and operation. A full description of the operation of the Model 177A Static Monitor is contained in its operating manual. This information will not be repeated within this application note.

  • Page 81: Installation

    Application Note APNE-0003 Fieldmeter Measurement Techniques Using Monroe Electronics Model 1036 Probes. A shroud in this instance is a grounded surface in the plane of the gradient cap. For more information about shrouds, see Application Note APNE-0003 Fieldmeter Measurement Techniques Using Monroe Electronics Model 1036 Probes. APNE-0016...
  • Page 82 (classified) locations where Intrinsic Safety must be considered as part of the installation. Extension cables are available from Monroe Electronics in lengths up to 1000 feet, which is the maximum permissible length. These cables may be ordered in any length (up to 1000 feet) by part number 1036/12-nnnn, where nnnn is the length in feet.

  • Page 83: Servicing

    Purge the Model 1036E probe through a ¼"-18 NPT tapped hole in the end of the housing near the cable exit using common plumbing or tubing components. Gas pressure to either probe type should be only great enough to produce a slight positive flow out of the probe and in no event should it exceed a pressure of ½...
  • Page 84  Set up the apparatus as outlined above. Set a precision calibrating voltage source to zero volts.  Set the Model 177A Static Monitor zero control of the selected channel to read a value of 0.000 at its analog output using a high-quality digital multimeter (DMM).

  • Page 85: Intrinsic Safety (Is) Barriers

    These drawings are included in Appendix B – Intrinsic Safety Barriers, in the Model 177A Instruction Manual that is shipped with the instrument, or are available from Monroe Electronics.

  • Page 86: Principle Of Operation

    III. Principle of Operation Refer to Figure III-1 for the following discussion. The probe is placed to “view” the target surface, which is assumed to be charged. In this instance, the gradient cap containing the aperture faces the target surface. A sensitive electrode behind the aperture is vibrated perpendicular to the electric field by means of a drive coil (vibrated toward and away from the target surface).

  • Page 87: References

    “Fieldmeter Measurement Techniques Using Monroe Electronics Model 1036 Probes”, www.monroe-electronics.com/esd_appntspdf/apne-0003.pdf WILLIAM E. VOSTEEN, Monroe Electronics, Inc., "A Review of Current Electrostatic Measurement Techniques and their Limitations" Presented at the ELECTRICAL OVERSTRESS EXPOSITION, April 24-26,1984. LT 18: MARK BLITSHTEN, The Simco Company, Inc., "Measuring the Electric Field of Flat Surfaces with Electrostatic Fieldmeters"...

  • Page 88: Useful Hazardous (Classified) Location And Intrinsic Safety References

    Useful Hazardous (Classified) Location and Intrinsic Safety References American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and International Society for Measurement and Control (ISA) ISA-12.00.01-1999 (IEC 60079-0 Mod) Electrical Apparatus for Use in Class I, Zones 0 & 1 Hazardous (Classified) Locations - General Requirements ISA-12.01.01-1999 Definitions and Information Pertaining to Electrical Instruments in Hazardous (Classified) Locations...

  • Page 89: Appendix A - Probe Connection Options

    Appendix A – Probe Connection Options General Model 1036E or 1036E Probes may be wired to the Model 177A Static Monitor in at least six different ways. The first 3 options are for non-hazardous (non-classified) locations where there are no Intrinsic Safety (IS) considerations.

  • Page 90: Constructing Your Own Cables

    1036F probes with factory installed cables, extension cables (factory or customer supplied) and Intrinsic Safety barriers Refer to drawing 1036/10 [SHT. 3 of 3] in the Model 177A Instruction Manual. This drawing shows wiring for one channel. Generally, all channels are wired alike.
  • Page 91 number is 1036/12-nnnn, where nnnn denotes the length of the cable in feet. Factory supplied extension cables will be labeled with this part number near one end. The cables need to be long enough to reach from the console location, through the conduit, and to the probe location with a few feet extra for measurement error.
  • Page 92 DB9M Connector Bulk Cable is Belden 8777 1036E Probe Housing NOTES: 1. Place Teflon tubing over drain wires. Connector Parts ME P/N 2. Place shrink tubing over shielded pairs. 3. All shields to be isolated from each other. Conn. Plug DB9, Male 9232278 Conn.
  • Page 93 DB9F DB9M Connector Connector Bulk Cable is Belden 8777 Connector Parts ME P/N NOTES: 1. Place Teflon tubing over drain wires. Conn. Plug Connector Parts ME P/N 2. Place shrink tubing over shielded pairs. 9230003 DB9, Fem. Conn. Housing Conn. Plug 3.

  • Page 94: Appendix B - Intrinsic Safety Barriers

    Class I, Division 1, Groups C and D hazardous locations when installed in accordance with the appropriate Monroe Electronics, Inc. control drawings included in this document. Approved safety barriers must be used as shown in the drawings to comply.
  • Page 95 Barrier requirements and recommended enclosures are shown in the tables below: MTL Barriers and Enclosures Number of Channels Number of Barriers MTL 765 MTL 766 Recommended Enclosures MT 5 MT 12 MT 24 MT 32 Table VI-1 Notes for MTL Systems: Enclosures include barrier mounting hardware, tagging strips, etc.
  • Page 96 R. Stahl Barriers and Enclosures Number of Channels Number of Barriers 9002/77-150-300-00 9002/22-240-160-00 Recommended Enclosures S 806 NF-12 S 1412 NF-25 S 1412 NF-50 S24H20BLP-80 Table VI-2 Notes for R. Stahl Systems: Enclosures include mounting rails, insulating standoffs, ground terminals and labels. Listed enclosures are Hoffman NEMA-4.

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