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Instruction Manual
Model 4450
VW Displacement Transducer
No part of this instruction manual may be reproduced, by any means, without the written consent of Geokon, Inc.
The information contained herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Geokon, Inc. assumes no responsibility
for errors, omissions, or misinterpretation. The information herein is subject to change without notification.
Copyright © 1994-2017 by Geokon, Inc.
(Doc Rev P 11/27/2017)
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Table of Contents
Related Manuals for Geokon 4450
Summary of Contents for Geokon 4450
- Page 1 Model 4450 VW Displacement Transducer No part of this instruction manual may be reproduced, by any means, without the written consent of Geokon, Inc. The information contained herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Geokon, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or misinterpretation.
- Page 3 Upon examination by Geokon, if the unit is found to be defective, it will be repaired or replaced at no charge. However, the WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of having been tampered with...
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Page 5: Table Of Contents
EMPERATURE ORRECTION 4.3 E ..........................18 NVIRONMENTAL ACTORS 5. TROUBLESHOOTING ............................20 APPENDIX A. THERMISTOR TEMPERATURE DERIVATION..............22 APPENDIX B. SPECIFICATIONS ......................... 23 B.1 M 4450 D ..................... 23 ODEL ISPLACEMENT RANSDUCER B.2 T ) ......................23 HERMISTOR PPENDIX ALSO B.3 D... - Page 6 FIGURES 1 - M 4450 D ....................7 IGURE ODEL ISPLACEMENT RANSDUCER 2 - T ............................9 IGURE NSERTION 3 - M O’ ......................... 9 IGURE AKE A ARK AT CLOCK 4 - T ....................9 IGURE IGHTEN NE AND...
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Page 7: Introduction
This change in strain allows the Model 4450 to measure displacement very accurately. Model 4450 Displacement Transducers are fully sealed and can operate at pressures of up to 250 psi. They are designed to be read by one of the various readout boxes available from Geokon. -
Page 8: Displacement Transducer Installation
6500 4000 25, and 50 mm Standard 100 5,000 2000 7000 5000 6500 4000 and 150 mm Slim 12, 10,000 3000 13000 8000 6000 9000 25, and 50 mm Table 1 - Model 4450 Reading versus Position in the Range... -
Page 9: Swagelok Tube Fitting Instructions
2.3 Swagelok Tube Fitting Instructions These instructions apply to one inch (25 mm) and smaller fittings. 2.3.1 Installation 1) Fully insert the tube into the fitting until it bumps against the shoulder. Figure 2 - Tube Insertion 2) Rotate the nut until it is finger-tight. (For high-pressure applications as well as high- safety-factor systems, further tighten the nut until the tube will not turn by hand or move axially in the fitting.) 3) Mark the nut at the six o’clock position. -
Page 10: Reassembly Instructions
2.3.2 Reassembly Instructions Swagelok tube fittings may be disassembled and reassembled many times. Warning: Always depressurize the system before disassembling a Swagelok tube fitting. 1) Prior to disassembly, mark the tube at the back of the nut, then make a line along the nut and fitting body flats. -
Page 11: Cable Installation And Splicing
Splice kits recommended by Geokon incorporate casts, which are placed around the splice and are then filled with epoxy to waterproof the connections. When properly made, this type of splice is equal or superior to the cable itself in strength and electrical properties. Contact Geokon for splicing materials and additional cable splicing instructions. -
Page 12: Figure 8 - Lightning Protection Scheme
• Lighting arrestor boards and enclosures are also available from Geokon. These units install where the instrument cable exits the structure being monitored. The enclosure has a removable top to allow the customer to service the components or replace the board in the event that the unit is damaged by a lightning strike. -
Page 13: Taking Readings
20 hours continuously on two AA batteries. It is designed for the readout of all Geokon vibrating wire gages and transducers, and is capable of displaying the reading in either digits, frequency (Hz), period (µs), or microstrain (µε). The GK-404 also displays the temperature of the transducer (embedded thermistor) with a resolution of 0.1 °C. -
Page 14: Gk-405 Readout Box
3.2.2 Sensors with Bare Leads Attach the GK-403-2 flying leads to the bare leads of a Geokon vibrating wire sensor by connecting each of the clips on the leads to the matching colors of the sensor conductors, with blue representing the shield (bare). -
Page 15: Gk-403 Readout Box (Obsolete Model)
3.3.2 Connecting Sensors with Bare Leads Attach the GK-403-2 flying leads to the bare leads of a Geokon vibrating wire sensor by connecting each of the clips on the leads to the matching colors of the sensor conductors, with blue representing the shield (bare). -
Page 16: Data Reduction
4. DATA REDUCTION 4.1 Deformation Calculation The basic unit utilized by Geokon for measurement and reduction of data from Vibrating Wire Displacement Transducers is "digits". Calculation of digits is based on the following equation: Digits = � � x 10... -
Page 17: Temperature Correction
4.2 Temperature Correction Geokon’s Vibrating Wire Displacement Transducers have a small coefficient of thermal expansion; therefore, in most cases correction may not be necessary. However, if maximum accuracy is desired, or the temperature changes are extreme (>10° C), a correction may be applied based on the following equation: ) ×... -
Page 18: Environmental Factors
Consider the following example, which uses the calibration factor from Figure 11, a sample calibration sheet for Model 4450-25 mm. As can be seen from the obtained correction, corrections for temperature change are small and can often be ignored. = 4250 digits = 5875 digits = 10°... -
Page 19: A Typical Calibration Sheet
Figure 11 - A Typical Calibration Sheet. -
Page 20: Troubleshooting
Should difficulties arise, consult the following list of problems and possible solutions. Return any faulty gages to the factory. Gages should not be opened in the field. For additional troubleshooting and support, contact Geokon. Symptom: Thermistor resistance is too high: ... -
Page 21: Table 4 - Sample Resistance
Vibrating Wire Sensor Lead Grid - SAMPLE VALUES Black White Green Shield ≅180Ω infinite infinite infinite ≅180Ω Black infinite infinite infinite 3000Ω at White infinite infinite infinite 25°C 3000Ω at Green infinite infinite infinite 25°C Shield infinite infinite infinite infinite Table 4 - Sample Resistance Vibrating Wire Sensor Lead Grid - SENSOR NAME/## : Black... -
Page 22: Appendix A. Thermistor Temperature Derivation
APPENDIX A. THERMISTOR TEMPERATURE DERIVATION Thermistor Type: YSI 44005, Dale #1C3001-B3, Alpha #13A3001-B3 Resistance to Temperature Equation: A+B ( LnR ) +C(LnR) -273.2 Equation 5 - Resistance to Temperature Where; T = Temperature in °C. LnR = Natural Log of Thermistor Resistance. A = 1.4051 ×... -
Page 23: Appendix B. Specifications
Cable Type³: Foil shield, PVC jacket, nominal OD=6.3 mm (0.250") Dimensions: See Sections A.3 and A.4 for dimensions Table 7 - Model 4450 Displacement Transducer Specifications Notes: ¹ Minimum; greater resolution possible depending on readout. ² Depends on application. ³ Polyurethane jacket cable available. -
Page 24: Dimensions Drawing For Ranges Of 50 Mm (2") And Below
B.3 Dimensions Drawing for Ranges of 50 mm (2”) and Below Figure 12 - Dimensions: Ranges of 50 mm (2”) and Below... -
Page 25: Dimensions Drawing For Ranges Of 100 Mm (4") And Above
B.4 Dimensions Drawing for Ranges of 100 mm (4”) and Above Figure 13 - Dimensions: Ranges of 100 mm (4”) and Above...