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Olson Instruments NDE-360 System Reference Manual

Impact echo test. platform with wintfs software version 2.3
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NDE-360 Platform with WinTFS Software Version 2.3
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IMPACT ECHO TEST
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Summary of Contents for Olson Instruments NDE-360

  • Page 1 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com IMPACT ECHO TEST NDE-360 NDE-360 Platform with WinTFS Software Version 2.3...
  • Page 2 NOTICES Errors and Omissions This document is believed to be accurate, but Olson Instruments, Inc. will not be responsible for errors or omissions, which may be found. Further, Olson Instruments will not be responsible for any damages resulting from any errors or omissions.

  • Page 3: Organization And Scope Of Manual

    If any problems with the system appear that are not covered in this manual, please call Olson Instruments at the number included in the front of this manual. Note that training in the use of the system by Olson Instruments personnel is recommended for the most...

  • Page 4: Test Methodology

    The scanning technology allows tracing of the PT cables through slabs and beams. The scanning device application of the IE method was developed by Olson Instruments and is a patented technology. For simple investigations on slabs, pipes, or walls where the overall thickness is the primary concern, a hand-held NDE360 with an Impact Echo option will quickly and easily provides the thickness of an unknown concrete member.
  • Page 5 MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com ARDWARE The IE system with the NDE-360 platform consists of several basic components packaged into a padded carrying case. The padded case stores the NDE-360 data acquisition platform, power supply, battery charger, accelerometer, hammer, grease, and cables. A description of each of these components as well as their connection and operation is included in the following sections.
  • Page 6 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Component Name Description Power supply for the NDE-360 platform. 4) Power Supply Battery charger must be connected to the power supply on one end and the NDE-360 on the other end 5) Charger To transfer the IE data files to the...

  • Page 7: Power Supply

    NDE-360 system for 8 – 10 hours. Location of Battery: The panel housing the battery is located on the back of the NDE-360 system. Move the switch to remove the battery cover if battery needs to be replaced.
  • Page 8 Channel 1 is located on the right hand side if facing the front screen of the NDE-360 system. In this case, the IE test uses the Impact Echo Channel. Thus four 4 pins channel will not be used for the IE test.
  • Page 9 IE test is stored in the compact flash card. The system must start up with the compact flash secured in place. The card should be located on the left side of the NDE-360 system if looking at the front screen.

  • Page 10: Hardware Setup

    1. Connect the cable (Item 3) to the IE head (Item 2) by aligning the pin on the cable with the corresponding hole in the IE head 2. Connect the other end of the cable to the IE Channel on the NDE-360 3. The picture below shows a complete hardware setup for the IE test.
  • Page 11 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com 4. The picture below shows the complete IE system with the IE head on top of a concrete cylinder (ready to acquire data). Note that the concrete cylinder is not included in the system.
  • Page 12 IE D CQUISITION Turn on the NDE-360 system (with the hardware in Section 2.0 connected). Make sure that the compact flash card is secured in place. The master software to run the system is located in the compact flash card. Press on the “Continue” button on the upper right corner of the screen.
  • Page 13 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Press on the “IE” option. The option included in the unit may be different depending on the order. The picture below shows the screen with IE and UPV (Ultra Sonic Pulse Velocity) options. Click on the IE Option Click on the IE Option...
  • Page 14 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com The system is ready to acquire data. In the IE test, the initial gain will be automatically set to 100. This is a good value for most of the IE test. However, if higher gain is required, simply press on the + button of the gain for Ch 1.
  • Page 15 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com • # Recs. Number of Record is a total number of IE data records you want to save. This parameter can not be changed after the data was taken. • Pre-Trigger is number of points before the triggering point that data collection starts. This parameter must be 0 for the IE test.
  • Page 16 The filename arrangement of the NDE-360 uses a fixed prefix of letters and a suffix of number. The prefix can be set at the beginning of any test. If the prefix is not changed, a higher suffix number will be added to the current prefix for the new filename. To change the prefix, press on the “Files”...
  • Page 17 If the solenoid mode is on, the NDE-360 system will fire the solenoid inside the IE head and the displacement transducer in the IE head will record the data. If the solenoid mode is off, hit the external hammer on the structure next to the IE head (or accelerometer). The screen below shows the spectrum of the time domain data acquired from a 5 in concrete cylinder.

  • Page 18: Software Updates

    4. Follow the default setup 5. After finishing the installation, the “WinTFS.exe” file will be found on: drive C:\Program Files\Olson Instruments\WinTFS\ . The shortcut to the WinTFS.exe can be located on the desktop/ Failing to uninstall the previous version of the WinTFS software will prevent...
  • Page 19 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Select “Add/Remove Programs” Highlight WinTFS, select “Remove” The uninstall process will begin automatically, removing all installed components including the shortcut. First Time Executing the WinTFS Software If the WinTFS software is executed for the first time, the program detects missing software key (OlsonWinTFSKey.dat).

  • Page 20: Data Analysis

    Data Analysis Read the Data file: To read the data file, go to File/Read Data from NDE-360 and select the filename to analyze. Accept or Reject Data: The IE time domain raw data will appear on the top trace of the plot. The second trace shows a spectrum of the data from the top trace.
  • Page 21 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Filter Function: In most of the cases, filtering is required for the IE data. Go to Analysis/Digital Filter Function or press F4 to set the desired filter. The dialog box below will appear on your screen. There are four options for digital filtering; Butterworth, Chevbyshev, Elliptic and Inverse Chevbyshev.
  • Page 22 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Pick the frequency echo: At this point, the data can be analyzed. The software automatically detects the dominant peak, place a cursor on the dominant peak and calculate the corresponding thickness. However, the user can manually pick the frequency peak by placing the cursor on the frequency and the software will automatically calculate the corresponding thickness.
  • Page 23 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Example IE Data This section shows several example time domain and frequency domain records of sound concrete, concrete with internal cracks and concrete with bad consolidation (internal honeycomb). As mentioned previously in Section 1.2, data analysis of the IE test is performed in the frequency domain. Sound concrete is determined by a sharp single dominant peak in the frequency data and the calculated depth (from the peak) should match the expected thickness of the tested structure.
  • Page 24 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com An indication of internal cracks is the multiple peak character in the frequency domain with the dominant peak representing shallower than the expected thickness. The picture below shows the data with internal cracks detected at approximately 6.5” measured from the test surface. Calculated Echo Depth = 6.5”...
  • Page 25 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Related Peer Reviewed Papers...
  • Page 26 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Sensitivity Studies of Grout Defects in Post-Tensioned Bridge Ducts using Impact-Echo Scanning Method (published in the Journal of Transportation Research Board, 2007) Word Count: Abstract: Text: 3859 Tables 2@250: Figures 11@250: 2750 Total Words: 7349 Date Submitted: August 1, 2006 Yajai Tinkey Senior Engineer Olson Engineering Inc.
  • Page 27 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com ABSTRACT This paper presents the findings from a research project titled “Non-destructive Evaluation Method for Determination of Internal Grout Conditions inside Bridge Post-tensioning Ducts using Rolling Stress Waves for Continuous Scanning”. This project was funded by the NCHRP – IDEA Program. This paper discusses the experimental results from the studies which involved a defect sensitivity study of an Impact- Echo (IE) Scanner to detect and image discontinuities in post-tensioned ducts of a mockup U-shaped bridge girder and a mockup slab.
  • Page 28 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com INTRODUCTION Post-tensioned systems have been widely used for infrastructure bridge transportation systems since late 1950s. However if a good quality control plan is not implemented during construction, there is the potential problem during construction that the duct may not be fully grouted. This results in voids in some areas or inefficient protection for prestressing steel.
  • Page 29 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Impact-Echo Scanner The Impact-Echo rolling Scanner was first conceived by the second author of this paper and subsequently researched and developed as a part of a US Bureau of Reclamation prestressed concrete cylinder pipe integrity research project (6). This technique is based on the Impact-Echo method (5 and 7). In general, the purpose of the Impact-Echo test is usually to either locate delaminations, honeycombing or cracks parallel to the surface or to measure the thickness of concrete structures with typically one-sided access for testing (pavements, floors, retaining walls, tunnel linings, buried pipes, etc.).
  • Page 30 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Germany (8). Construction of the modified Styrofoam defects for the mockup girder is described in this section as well. Description of the Mockup Girder and Constructions of Grout Defects A full scale pre-cast bridge girder (U-shaped) was donated to the research team by EnCon Bridge Company (Denver, Colorado) for use in grout defect sensitivity studies.
  • Page 31 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Table 1 – Styrofoam Defect Sizes Percentage Lost in Percentage Circumferential Depth Lost Circumferential Lost in Depth Defect ID Lost (mm, in) (mm, in) Permineter (%) 50.8, 2 6.35, 0.25 77.2, 3 13.6, 0.535 101.6, 4 23.4, 0.92 127, 5 34.8, 1.37...
  • Page 32 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com 240” 204” 168” 132” 84%,94 96” 68%,77 60” 60%,66 24” 50%, 40%,34 32%,23 240” 204” 168” 132” 76%,87 96” 50%,50 63.375” 40%,34 27.375” 32%,23 24%,13 16%,6 240” 204” 84%,94 84%,94 96” 58” 22” 16%,6 16%,6 Void Figure 4b –...
  • Page 33 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com (The exact position of the defects is not revealed to the public herein in order for others to be able to perform future blind tests.) Varying numbers and position of wire strand cables (individual diameters of 0.6 inch) in the tendon ducts.
  • Page 34 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com downshift in frequencies from lengths of 5.49 to 6.1 m (216 to 240 in), indicating voids at duct locations where no discontinuities were intentionally placed. It is likely that grout did not flow into the higher east duct end due to the big voids in front of it.
  • Page 35 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com corresponds to actual defect of 30% depth lost or 34% circumferential lost. The interpretation of the Impact-Echo Scanner results, however, shows a downshift in frequencies from lengths of 3.48 – 6.1 m (137 to 240 in), indicating minor to major voids at duct locations where no actual Styrofoam defect in place.
  • Page 36 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Experimental Results from the North Wall North Wall – Top Duct: The IE results from the North Wall with the actual defect design of the top duct placed above the IE results of the top duct are shown in Figure 8. Several pieces of stepped Styrofoam were inserted inside this duct ranging from depth lost of 23% to 94% or circumferential lost of 32% to 84%.
  • Page 37 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com Wall Height (ft) 76%, 87% 50%, 50% 63.375 40%, 34% 27.375 32%, 23% 24%, 13% 16%, 6% Grout defect appears at a length of 64 inches West End Length of Wall (inches) East End Figure 9 – IE Results from the North Wall with the Actual Design Defects of the Second Duct Wall Height (ft) 84%, 94% 204”...
  • Page 38 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com half diameter grout void (Defect A) was detected and complete grout voids (Defects B and C) were also detected. However, the IE test result shows more defects than the actual defect design. The IE result shows grout defects toward the right end of the duct where grout defects were not intended to be at the location.
  • Page 39 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com The results from the IE tests using portable rolling IE Scanner system show good agreement with the actual defect design. In the IE testing by the authors to date, the clearest indication of the presence of grouting defects is the apparent increase in the thickness due to a reduction in the IE resonant frequency as a result of the decrease in stiffness associated with a defect.
  • Page 40 (IE) MPACT www.olsoninstruments.com www.olsonengineering.com [8] Y. Tinkey, L.D. Olson, H. Wiggenhauser , “Impact Echo Scanning for Discontinuity Detection and Imaging in Posttensioned Concrete Bridges and Other Structures”, Materials Evaluation, January 2005, pp 64-69.