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IVIE IE-10A Owner's And Operator's Manual

Audio spectrum analyzer
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  • Page 5 State St. 801 -766-7600 Fax: 80 1-766-8282 Audio Spectrum Analyzer Owners and Operators Manual January 1977 Printed in U.S.A.

  • Page 6: Table Of Contents

    ..... S e l e c t i n g The Detector Response page page' 10 C a l i b r a t i n g the IE-20A/IE-10A page 10 Gain and Loss Testing page 11 Room Response T e s t i n g...

  • Page 7: Warranty

    (1) year from the date of purchase. During the warranty period Ivie Electronics will repair, or a t i t s option, replace components which prove t o be defective provided the analyzer i s returned shipping prepaid to an authorized Ivie Electronics service faci 1 i ty.

  • Page 8: Operation

    NTRODUCT I n t h e past, r e a l - t i m e analysis o f the audio spectrum has been an expensive process r e q u i r i n g a s u b s t a n t i a l investment i n t e s t equi pment. b e n e f i t s o f such a n a l y s i s have long been appreciated, b u t t h e process has been so c o s t l y t h a t o n l y those w i t h s u f f i c i e n t l y l a r g e o p e r a t i n g budgets have been able t o a f f o r d i t .
  • Page 9 OCTAVE FILTER CHARACTERISTICS The ten octave f i l t e r s i n the IE-1OA Spectrum Analyzer meet the requirements o f t h e A N S I S1.ll-1966 (R 1975) Class I f i l t e r standards. A p l o t comparing t h e second order Chebychev f i l t e r s i n the IE-1OA w i t h t h e ANSI standard curves can be seen i n Figure...
  • Page 10 I f a l l ten f i l t e r s are aligned in parallel they will have a frequency response s i m i l a r to that shown in Fig. FREQUENCY HERTZ Figure 3 An interesting question might be: What kind of display would w e expect t o see on a real-time analyzer i f we i n j e c t a pure sine wave signal a t a frequency equal...

  • Page 11: Ie-1Oa Front Panel And Controls

    Figure 4...
  • Page 12 I E- R e f e r r i n g t o the p i c t u r e o f FIG. 4, the f o l l o w i n g number codes describe t h e v a r i o u s f u n c t i o n s and c o n t r o l s o f the IE-1OA Real Time Analyzer. POWER ONIOFF P l a c i n g the power switch i n t h e "ON"...
  • Page 13 The s e n s i t i v i t y switches add gain i n lOdB SENSITIVITY SWITCHES. steps ( t o a t o t a l of 80dB) t o t h e analyzer f r o n t end which changes t h e measurement range.

  • Page 14: Selecting The Detector Response

    SELECTING THE DETECTOR RESPONSE There are t h r e e d i f f e r e n t d e t e c t o r response modes used i n t h e I E - 1 O A f i l t e r c i r c u i t s , two f o r the OCT f i l t e r s and one f o r the A and f i l t e r s .

  • Page 15: Battery And Line Operation

    BATTERY LINE OPERATION An IE-165A A C Adaptor/Charger has been supplied w i t h y o u r IE-1OA Audio Spectrum Ana-lyzer t h a t w i l l recharge the b a t t e r i e s i n about 3 hours. The IE-1OA w i l l operate approximately 2 hours between charges, depending The b a t t e r y c u r r e n t d r a i n v a r i e s because upon t h e ambient l i g h t l e v e l .

  • Page 16: Pink Noise T E S T I N G

    P I N K NOISE TESTING AND THE IE-1OA There are a few fundamentals t h a t t h e reader should be made aware o f Pink noise i s random n o i s e t h a t b e f o r e doing p i n k noise t e s t i n g .
  • Page 17 CALIBRATION LINE - - - - * N o t e s e t t i n g s o f S E N S I T I V I T Y s w i t c h e s noise p i n k a v e r a g i n g m o d e .
  • Page 18 1 s t EXAMPLE Measure the gain' and t h e frequency response o f a preamp1 i f i e r w i t h 10 mv i n p u t s i g n a l Procedure Using the t a b l e on page 9 o f t h e IE-20A o p e r a t o r ' s manual, s e t the output l e v e l of t h e IE-20A t o 10 mv.
  • Page 19 Connect the t e s t a m p l i f i e r between the IE-20A and the shown be1 ow. MEASURE AMPLIFIER Note: 2 dB/step Resolution TEST AMPLIFIER Figure Gain o f the t e s t a m p l i f i e r i s determined by c a l c u l a t i n g t h e dB d i f f e r e n c e The dB range between the two d i s p l a y readings on t h e IE-1OA.
  • Page 20 F i g u r e 10 Feed the IE-20A s i g n a l i n t o t h e IE-1OA as shown below and add s u f f i c i e n t gain t o t h e IE-1OA t o b r i n g t h e c a l i b r a t i o n s i g n a l h i g h on the d i s p l a y .

  • Page 21: Room Response Testing

    TEST STEP I n s e r t i o n L o s s T e s Figure 12 The i n s e r t i o n loss can now be measured by c a l c u l a t i n g t h e dB difference between t h e two signal l e v e l s .
  • Page 22 To measure frequency response w i t h the IE- 1OA u s i n g t h e b u i 1 n microphone, s i m p l y : volume c o n t r o l s t o t h e i r normal 1 i s t e n i n g p o s i t i o n s . To begin, the IE-20A s h o u l d be switched t o maximum a t t e n u a t i o n and i t s Pink n o i s e can...
  • Page 23 SYS TEM UNDER TEST Figure The I E - 1 O A can be switched t o a higher r e s o l u t i o n i f desired. are now seeing t h e combined frequency response o f t h e audio system and the room.
  • Page 24 EXTERNAL MICROPHONE Figure 15 Using the system microphone f o r t h e IE-1OA response t e s t includes t h e Any equal i z a t i o n t h a t microphone's response i n t h e o v e r a l l measurement. i s done w i l l a l s o compensate f o r t h e microphone.

  • Page 25: Sound Level Testing

    SOUND LEVEL TESTING INTRODUCTION TO SOlIND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS The d e c i b e l (dB) s c a l e has been adopted i n t e r n a t i o n a l l y f o r use w i t h The s c a l e begins a t a reference o f 0 dB i n sound l e v e l meter t e s t i n g .
  • Page 26 FREQUENCY I N H z ANSI S1.4-1967 (R1976) S t a n d a r d f o r Sound-level Meters F i g u r e 17 The IE-1OA w i l l measure dB SPL w i t h e i t h e r an A curve o r a C curve w e i g h t i n g (dB(A) and dB(C)) The dB(A) scale w i l l 1 i k e l y be used most o f t e n s i n c e OSHA and t h e Walsh- Healey A c t r e q u i r e n e a r l y a l l SPL readings...
  • Page 27 Sound l e v e l measurements a r e u s u a l l y made i n d i f f e r e n t types o f e n v i - ronments r a n g i n g from f r e e - f i e l d s t o d i f f u s e - f i e 1 ds A f r e e - f i e l d i s an environment t h a t i s f r e e o f r e f l e c t i o n s , and i s t y p i c a l o f anechoic chambers (sound absorbing rooms ) t h a t have acoust i c a l...
  • Page 28 d i s t a n c e from the sound s o u r c e doubles, t h e SPL w i l l drop 6dB. If you a r e s t a n d i n g 10 f e e t f r o m t h e sound source and you move t o 20 f e e t , t h e SPL w i l l drop 6 dB.

  • Page 29: Body E F F E C T S On Sound Measurements

    BODY EFFECTS ON SOllND MEASUREMENTS Something which must be considered when making sound measurements w i t h a hand-held analyzer, i s t h e e f f e c t o f t h e o p e r a t o r ' s body on the readings. The operator's body may d e t r a c t s u b s t a n t i a l l y from the accuracy of t h e measurements.
  • Page 30 To use the c h a r t , f i r s t measure t h e l e v e l s o f t h e two sources independentl and then f i n d t h e d i f f e r e n c e between the two l e v e l s .

  • Page 31: Measuring Db-Spl With The Ie-1Oa

    MEASURING DB-SPL WITH THE I E - 1OA Operation of the I E - 1 O A f o r dB-SPL measurements i s very s t r a i g h t forward. The c o n t r o l panel o f t h e IE-1OA has been c o l o r coded t o make the o p e r a t o r aware of the analyzer f u n c t i o n s t h a t a r e commonly used together.
  • Page 32 Note t h a t t h e r e f e r e n c e 1 i n e changes o n l y when t h e s e n s i t i v i t y switches The v a l u e o f t h e reference and i t s p o s i t i o n on t h e 0 dB a r e changed.
  • Page 33 Add t h e SENSITIVITY s w i t c h s e t t i n g s t o d e t e r m i n e t h e REFERENCE Be s u r e t o i n c l u d e v a l u e o f t h e 0 dB l i n e on t h e g r a t i c u l e .
  • Page 34 The DISPLAY s w i t c h i n Fig. 26 i s s e t t o 1 dB p e r s t e p and so t h e 1 dB r e s o l u t i o n g r a t i c u l e s c a l e s h o u l d be used. Adding t h e SENSITIVITY switches, t h e REFERENCE l i n e i s (140dB - 5 0 d ~ ) equal t o 90 dB-SPL.

  • Page 35: Making Dbm Measurements

    MAKING The v a s t m a j o r i t y o f t h e r e a l - t i m e a u d i o a n a l y z e r s a v a i l a b l e i n t h e w o r l d market do n o t p r o v i d e t h e c a p a b i l i t y t o measure d i r e c t l y i n dBm a t each frequency.
  • Page 36 Note t h a t t h e reference 1 i n e changes o n l y when t h e s e n s i t i v i t y switches The value o f the reference and i t s p o s i t i o n on t h e 0 dB are changed.

  • Page 37: I D E N T I F Y I N G T H E Levels O F Unknown Signals

    IDENTIFYZNG THE LEVELS O F U N K N O W N SIGNALS o f unknown ampl tude i s Measuring the power l e v e l o f a sine wave s i g n a l a f a i r l y simple procedure using the I E - 1 O A a n a l y z e r . As i n the previous examples o f dBm measurements the i n p u t s w i t c h must be s e t t o "...
  • Page 38 W i t h one o f t h e s e n s i t i v i t y switches s e t t o -10 dB and t h e o t h e r s e t t o -30 dB, t h e 0 dB l i n e on the IE-1OA d i s p l a y changes t o a r e f e r e n c e -40 dBm) as i n F i g u r e 29.
  • Page 39 2ND EXAMPLE The DISPLAY s w i t c h i n F i g . 30 i s s e t t o 1 dB p e r s t e p and so t h e 1 dB r e s o l u t i o n g r a t i c u l e s c a l e should be used.
  • Page 40 There i s no upper 1 i m i t t o measuring l a r g e voltages w i t h t h e IE-lOA, p r o v i d i n g a 1 arge enough a t t e n u a t o r i s a v a i l a b l e . With t h e o p t i o n a l 51AD adaptor and a 10: 1 o s c i l l o s c o p e d i v i d e r probe, t h e IE-1OA can measure up t o 218.3 v o l t s rms (+49 dBm) over t h e frequency range o f 25...
  • Page 41 IMPEDANCE CONVERTERS/ATTENUATORS To p r e v e n t the loading o f h i g h impedance c i r c u i t s , t h e IE-1OA i n p u t impedance can be increased t o 1.0 megohm, u s i n g t h e 51AD adaptor, o r t o 10 megohnis by adding a standard 1 0 : l osc-illoscope d i v i d e r probe.

  • Page 42: Using ~ X T E R N A I Attenuators

    U S I N G EXTERNAL ATTENUATORS The IE-1OA can analyze s i g n a l s as l a r g e as 9 dBm (2.2 Vrms) w i t h o u t t h e use o f e x t e r n a l a t t e n u a t o r s . When an e x t e r n a l a t t e n u a t o r i s used, however, t h e d i s p l a y e d s i g n a l on t h e IE-1OA r e q u i r e s compensation f o r t h e e f f e c t o f t h e a t t e n u a t o r .
  • Page 43 Simply stated, the measurement range o f t h e IE-1OA i s extended by t h e v a l u e o f the a t t e n u a t o r b e i n g used. As mentioned p r e v i o u s l y , the maximum e x t e r n a l s i g n a l d i r e c t l y measureable w i t h t h e IE-1OA i s A 20...

  • Page 44: Measuring Output Power

    MEASURING OUPUT POWER Measuring t h e o u t p u t power of an audio system i s n o t h i n g more than a s i m p l e mathematical extension o f measuring v o l t a g e . Power i s an impedance r e l a t e d measurement.
  • Page 45 Procedure Connect a 100 w a t t r a t e d 4 ohm l o a d t o t h e o u t p u t terminals of- t h e Tune a s i n e wave f u n c t i o n g e n e r a t o r t o a frequency of 1 KHz and i n i t i a l l y s e t i t s ouput v o l t a g e t o zero.

  • Page 46: Measuring Gain/Loss I N Audio Systems

    MEASURING GAIN/LOSS I N AUDIO SYSTEMS T h a t i s , g a i n and l o s s a r e n o t d e s c r i b e d i n a b s o l u t e u n i t s l i k e v o l t s , Gain and l o s s measurements a r e comparisons o f t h e o u t p u t s i g n a l d i v i d e d by t h e i n p u t s i g n a l and a r e u s u a l l y expressed i n dB, a u n i...
  • Page 47 10 mv i n p u t i s e q u i v a l e n t t o an r e a d i n g o f -38 dBm as can be seen u s i n g t a b l e 2 p. 34. Connect t h e IE-1OA t o t e s t p o i n t 1 Measure t h e dBm l e v e l a t T.P.2 a t the o u t p u t o f t h e t e s t a m p l i f i e r .
  • Page 48 Set the I E - 1 O A DISPLAY s w i t c h t o 1 dB per step f o r best r e s o l u t i o n and accuracy. Connect t h e IE-1OA t o T.P. and a d j u s t s i g n a l generator o u t p u t t o be w i t h i n t h e manufacturer's device s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r i n p u t l e v e l .
  • Page 49 - - - Figure 37 Notice that two LEDs a r e 1 ighted a t 63 This indicates t h a t our signal i s between -8 dB and -9 d B down from the 0 d B calibration l i n e . Insertion loss i s equal to 8.5 dB, and so our t e s t device meets specifications a t 63 To be more rigorous w i t h the testing w e should tune the s i n e...

  • Page 50: Operating The Precision Preamplifier

    OPERATING THE PRECISION PREAMPLIFIER There are many s i t u a t i o n s i n audio system t e s t i n g when i t i s d e s i r e a b l e t o have a s e p a r a t e p r e a m p l i f i e r o r s i g n a l source t o s u b s t i t u t e f o r f a u l t y c i r c u i t s , t o a i d i n t h e i s o l a t i o n o f system problems.
  • Page 51 PREAMP 0 - 8 0 d B G a i n Figure 39 I N P U T The lOOK ohm impedance a t the p r e a m p l i f i e r i n p u t i s normally adequate t o The IE-1OA preampl i f i e r accomodate most t r a n s d u c e r s and s i g n a l sources.

  • Page 52: Ie-1Oa Specifications

    MEASUREMENT RANGES C a l i b r a t e d -110 dBm t o +9 dBm using external i n p u t jack. Measures t o +49 dBm (218 Vrms) using o p t i o n a l accessories. C a l i b r a t e d 45 dB SPL t o 146 dB SPL using b u i l t - i n TE-1OA microphone.
  • Page 53 MICROPHONE O m n i d i r e c t i o n a l Condenser c a r t r i d g e . Sound l e v e l measurement Type 2. T y p i c a l mi c&ophone/preamp response see f i g u r e below. Incidence 0 F r e e - f i e l d .

  • Page 54: Architect's And Engineer's Specif I Cations

    ARCHITECT'S AND ENGINEER'S SPECIF I CATIONS The a u d i o spectrum a n a l y z e r s h a l l be capable o f octave bandwidth, r e a l - t i m e a n a l y s i s o f t h e a u d i o spectrum. The a n a l y z e r s h a l l be capable o f measuring sound pressure l e v e l s w i t h e i t h e r an ANSI "A"...

  • Page 55: Service

    SERVICE It i s the i n t e n t i o n o f I v i e Electronics t o provide q u a l i t y service f o r the IE-1OA whether i n o r o u t o f the warranty period.

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