Summary of Contents for NPI NuLink 2000
- Page 1 NuLink 2000 Fast Ethernet-to-FDDI Bridge User’s Guide P/N: 220-0259-01 Published: February 1998...
- Page 2 NPI reserves the right to make modifications to the product without notification. Network Peripherals and NuCare are trademarks and the Network Peripherals logo is a registered trademark of NPI. All other brand and product names included herein may be trademarks of the respective...
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Page 3: Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise
TUV Notice Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise Lesen Sie bitte alle Anweisungen durch. Heben Sie diese Anleitung für den späteren Gebrauch auf. Beachten Sie alle am Gerät angebrachten Warnhinweise und Anweisungen. Ziehen Sie das Netzkabel des Geräts aus der Steckdose, bevor Sie es reinigen. Verwenden Sie keine flüssigen Reiniger oder Sprühmittel. -
Page 4: Federal Communications Commission Notice
13. Versuchen Sie nicht, das Gerät selbst zu warten, da Sie nach Öffnen des Gehäuses Punkte, die gefährliche Spannungen führen, berühren oder sich anderen Gefahren aussetzen könnten. Lassen Sie alle Wartungsarbeiten von qualifiziertem Wartungspersonal ausführen. 14. Ziehen Sie das Netzkabel unter den folgenden Umständen aus der Steckdose, und lassen Sie Wartungsarbeiten von qualifiziertem Wartungspersonal ausführen: ♦... - Page 5 WARNING: Observe precautions for handling electrostatic sensitive devices.
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Page 6: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Preface About This Guide xiii Who This Guide is For xiii Technical Support xiii 1 Bridge Overview Package Contents Summary of Functions About the Bridge Connecting Workgroups to an FDDI Backbone Preventing Ring Failures Bridge Defaults LEDs 1-10 Managing the Bridge 1-11... - Page 7 Connecting an Optical Bypass Switch Connecting to a Redundant Power Supply 3 Console Program Essentials Accessing the Main Menu Console Program Command Overview Navigating the Console Program Screens Changing a Password Entering and Viewing System Information Setting the Date and Time Configuring IP 3-10 Configuring SNMP...
- Page 8 Appendix A Cable Pin-Outs Network Cable RS-232 Cable Appendix B Updating Software Obtaining New Bridge Software B-1 Installing New Bridge Software B-2 Network Management Software B-3 Appendix C Troubleshooting Verifying Communication Links NetWare Environments POST Diagnostics Appendix D Technical Specifications Index...
- Page 9 List of Figures Figure 1. DAS Fiber-Optic Model 1-3 Figure 2. SAS Fiber-Optic Model 1-3 Figure 3. SAS Copper Model 1-3 Figure 4. DAS NuLink Connected Directly to the FDDI Backbone Figure 5. SAS NuLink Connected Through an FDDI Concentrator Figure 6.
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Page 10: List Of Tables
List of Tables Table 1. Bridge Factory Defaults Table 2. Bridge-Level LED Display Status 1-10 Table 3. Port LED Display Status 1-10 Table 4. Rules Matrix for FDDI Port Types Table 5. Frame Type Compatibility... -
Page 11: Preface
Preface In this User’s Guide, “bridge” refers to the NuLink 2000 Fast Ethernet-to- FDDI Bridge. About This Guide Use this document to install, configure, and manage the bridge in an FDDI network. Who This Guide is For This User’s Guide is written for the network administrator or person in charge of setting up systems on a network. - Page 12 Free E-mail Support ♦ support@npix.com, North America, South America and Europe ♦ support@npix.com.tw, Asia Free FAX Support ♦ +408-321-9218, North America, South America and Europe ♦ +886-2-2999-8187, Asia Free FAXBack Product Information, FAQs, and Tips ♦ +408-321-7380 Free Anonymous FTP (Latest drivers and software) ♦...
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Page 13: Bridge Overview
This chapter provides an overview of the functions and characteristics of the bridge. It also illustrates how the bridge can connect to an FDDI backbone. Package Contents The bridge has these functions: ♦ NuLink 2000 Fast Ethernet-to-FDDI Bridge ♦ Power cord ♦ Mounting brackets and screws ♦... -
Page 14: Summary Of Functions
Summary of Functions All three models of the bridge have these functions: ♦ Auto-sensing 10/100 Mbps connections ♦ Configurable full duplex and half duplex Fast Ethernet ♦ A 10Base-T/100Base-TX Fast Ethernet port that can be replaced by a 100Base-FX Fast Ethernet port ♦... -
Page 15: Figure 1. Das Fiber-Optic Model
One RS-232 serial port One 10Base-T/100Base-TX port; speed: 100 Mbps half duplex; 200 Mbps full duplex. Replaceable with --- One 100Base-FX port; speed: 100 Mbps full duplex 6-pin mini-DIN connector for optional optical bypass switch Multi-mode fiber SC ports; 100 Mbps total on both ports; each transmits and receives Figure 1. -
Page 16: Connecting Workgroups To An Fddi Backbone
Multi-mode fiber SC port; 100 Mbps; each transmits and receives Figure 3. SAS Copper Model In all three models, the 10Base-T/100Base-TX port labeled FAST ETHERNET INTERFACE can be replaced by a 100Base-FX port on NPI’s NuModule FE-833 Fast Ethernet Media Adapter (Fiber Module version) that can be purchased separately. -
Page 17: Figure 4. Das Nulink Connected Directly To The Fddi Backbone
Servers FDDI Backbone NuLink 2000 Bridge (DAS model) Concentrato Fast Ethernet link Ethernet/Fast FDDI Ethernet Switch Station Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Workgroups Figure 4. DAS NuLink Connected Directly to the FDDI Backbone Bridge Overview... -
Page 18: Preventing Ring Failures
As shown in Figure 5 a SAS model can be connected through a concentrator. Servers Concentrator NuLink 2000 Bridge (DAS model) FDDI Backbone FDDI Station Fast Ethernet link Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Switch Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Workgroups Figure 5. SAS NuLink Connected Through an FDDI Concentrator Preventing Ring Failures The DAS model has an optical bypass switch that you can use. -
Page 19: Figure 6. Optical Bypass Switch In Normal Status
NuLink 2000 Bridge Optical Bypass Switch ---Normal Status NuLink 2000 Bridge Server Router Figure 6. Optical Bypass Switch in Normal Status Bridge Overview... -
Page 20: Figure 7. Optical Bypass Switch In Bypass Status
Figure 7. Optical Bypass Switch in Bypass Status Each model has one internal power supply and an external connector for an NPI redundant power supply (RPS model 600). If the internal power supply fails and the RPS is connected, the RPS will provide system power automatically. -
Page 21: Bridge Defaults
Address aging interval 5 (minutes) SNMP: Community string GET Public Community string SET Private System name NuLink 2000 IP address of trap-receiving management stations 0.0.0.0 FDDI Port (DAS or SAS): Port status Enabled Link error rate alarm Link error rate cutoff... -
Page 22: Leds
LEDs The following table explains bridge-level LED status indicators on the front panel of the bridge. Table 2. Bridge-Level LED Display Status Color Indicates Green Internal power supply of bridge is active. Power Internal power supply of bridge is inactive; Blinking Green connected RPS is supplying power. -
Page 23: Managing The Bridge
Managing the Bridge Once you have installed the bridge and made the necessary connections (Chapter 2), you can manage the bridge from a management console out- of-band, through Telnet, or through any SNMP-compliant workstation. Out-of-Band Management The console program built into the bridge is usable at a VT100 terminal that becomes the management console. -
Page 24: Installing The Bridge
Installing the Bridge This chapter explains how to select a location for the bridge, describes tabletop, shelf, and rack mounting, and gives connection guidelines. Selecting a Location for the Bridge You can install any model of the bridge on a table or in a rack. Observe the following guidelines when choosing a good location for the bridge: ♦... -
Page 25: Tabletop Or Shelf Mounting
Tabletop or Shelf Mounting Choose a sturdy, level surface. The surface chosen must support at least 1.5 kg. Allow enough ventilation space between the bridge and the objects around it. Rack Mounting The bridge can be installed in an EIA standard-size, 19-inch rack. To install: 1. -
Page 26: Communication Mode
Communication Mode Regardless of the bridge model, if auto-negotiation is off, ensure that the Fast Ethernet port on each end of the Fast Ethernet link is configured to the same communication mode. That is, if one Fast Ethernet port is set for full duplex operation, the other should also be set for full duplex operation. -
Page 27: Figure 10. Sas Fiber-Optic Connection
The SAS fiber-optic model (Figure 10) is connected to a single-ring FDDI network. Figure 10. SAS Fiber-Optic Connection Figure 11 shows how to connect the SAS copper model to an FDDI network through an FDDI concentrator with TP-PMD copper ports. Figure 11. -
Page 28: Fast Ethernet Cabling Guidelines
FDDI rules have established certain FDDI port-function connections as valid and certain connections as undesirable. These connections are shown in the following rules matrix. Table 4. Rules Matrix for FDDI Port Functions Other Port: Undesirable Valid Undesirable Valid Port in Valid Undesirable Undesirable Valid bridge:... -
Page 29: Connecting Fiber Optic Cables
Figure 12. Fast Ethernet Connections Connecting Fiber Optic Cables When handling fiber optic cable connectors, observe these precautions: ♦ Do not touch the tip of the steel ferrule through which the optical fiber passes. Touching the tip could mar its delicate surface and destroy its ability to transmit light. -
Page 30: Connecting An Optical Bypass Switch
To connect a fiber optic cable: 1. Unpack the cable and remove the plastic protective caps or plugs from each end. 2. Remove the connector plug from the bridge. 3. Make sure the fiber-optic cable is properly oriented with its connector on the bridge. -
Page 31: Connecting To A Redundant Power Supply
To connect an optical bypass switch: 1. Make sure the pins on the switch cable connector are aligned with the holes in the connector on the bridge. 2. Plug the switch cable into the Optical Bypass connector on the bridge. Connecting to a Redundant Power Supply A redundant power supply (RPS), model RPS-600, provides backup power for the bridge. -
Page 32: Console Program Essentials
Console Program Essentials This chapter describes most of the bridge’s console program options and how to configure the bridge using them. Specifically, it describes the following tasks: ♦ Configuring the system, including password changing ♦ Configuring the ports ♦ Checking connections ♦... - Page 33 port of the bridge. The management console used for the connection can be a VT100 terminal or a PC running VT100 terminal emulation software. Alternatively, the console program can be accessed through a remote connection via Telnet. In this setup, a modem is connected to the console (serial) port by an RS-232 cable.
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Page 34: Console Program Command Overview
5. If you are accessing the console program for the first time or if you have not established a password, just press any key to go to the Main menu. (The default is no password.) 6. If you have already established a password, enter it (see Changing a Password later in this chapter). -
Page 35: Navigating The Console Program Screens
NOTE: Whenever you change the configuration, always allow a few seconds for the bridge to process the change. Do not turn off the bridge immediately after making changes; otherwise, you might lose the new settings. Navigating the Console Program Screens To do this…... -
Page 36: Changing A Password
Field Types A typical console program screen contains several types of fields, as shown in the following figure. [Entry field] Status field <Choice fields> Time-Out After 5 minutes of inactivity during a console program session, the bridge leaves the current screen and returns to the title screen. Any changes in the current screen are discarded. -
Page 37: Entering And Viewing System Information
Confirm Password: Confirm the new password by retyping it. After making these entries, select EXIT. NOTE: Remember your password! If you forget it, the only way to regain access to the console program is to contact NPI Technical Support. Entering and Viewing System Information... - Page 38 Parameters in this screen are described in the following paragraphs. : Enter a unique name for this bridge, up to alphanumeric characters should use a descriptive name to help identify the purpose of the bridge in relation to your network. For example, “Backbone bridge Bldg. 1” or System Contact: Enter a brief description of where the bridge is located, alphanumeric characters Like the name, the location is descriptive and used for reference purposes.
- Page 39 These problems are usually fixed automatically by FDDI Recovery. If no external FDDI connections are present, then a hardware failure has occurred and you should contact NPI Technical Support. Operational (Ring_Op) means the ring is up, with active external connections.
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Page 40: Setting The Date And Time
This view-only field shows the MAC address of the next station downstream from the bridge. Knowing this Software version: This view-only field shows the version of the currently- is helpful when troubleshooting or upgrading new software. Hardware Version This view-only field shows the hardware version of the bridge. -
Page 41: Configuring Ip
3. Enter the correct settings as indicated on the screen. Make sure you enter 0 or 1 for a.m. or p.m. respectively. 4. To make the settings take effect, select EXIT. Configuring IP The bridge can accommodate IP on the Fast Ethernet side of a network, if the IP address, a subnet mask, and a default gateway are configured. - Page 42 Parameters in this screen are described in the following paragraphs. IP Address: Enter the unique IP address of this bridge. An IP address has the format n.n.n.n where n is an integer between 0 and 255. An example IP address is 199.182.70.253. The bridge comes with a default address of 0.0.0.0, where the last two integers are the decimal equivalent of the last two hexadecimal bytes assigned in the bridge’s permanent MAC address.
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Page 43: Configuring Snmp
(Always) means an IP address will be automatically mapped to the bridge each time it is turned on. (Never) means the BootP server never requests an IP address. W (When) means the BootP server obtains the bridge IP address when you turn on the bridge and the default IP address has been set to 0.0.0.0. -
Page 44: Configuring Fddi Ports
the system must at least supply one of the community names that you specify. Community Authentication Strings: You can set access rights for any stations in the ring associated with a community name. If you want SNMP to “view” but not update management information held by stations in a certain community, enter that community name in the Read Only field. - Page 45 Sample screen for DAS model— Sample screen for SAS (fiber or UTP) model— Parameters in this screen are described in the following paragraphs. Port Name: Enter a unique name for the selected port, up to alphanumeric characters This name is used for reference purposes. 3-14 Console Program Essentials...
- Page 46 100Base-FX port for the Fast Ethernet interface part of the bridge. All models of the bridge are shipped with the 10Base-T/100Base-TX port installed but this port can be replaced with the 100Base-FX port on NPI’s FE-833 Media Adapter. To configure either of these ports: 1.
- Page 47 Parameters in this screen are described in the following paragraphs. Port Name: Enter a unique name for the selected port, up to alphanumeric characters This name is used for reference purposes. Port Type: This view-only field shows the type of port currently selected, either 100Base-TX or 100Base-FX.
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Page 48: Managing Ip Fragmentation
Managing IP Fragmentation IP fragmentation translates between FDDI and Ethernet packet sizes for all IP client-server traffic. IP fragmentation supports FDDI traffic at the largest transmission size possible, optimizing performance and peer-to-peer FDDI networking in a UNIX environment. Fragmenting and reassembling the packets introduces considerable overhead that affects performance. -
Page 49: Setting The Address Aging Interval
If you choose No, the Don’t Fragment flag in the packet’s header determines whether the packet is fragmented. That is, if the Don’t Fragment flag is not in the header, the packet is fragmented. If you choose No and the Don’t Fragment flag is in the header, packets longer than 1518 bytes will be dropped. -
Page 50: Restarting And Resetting
To set the address aging interval: 1. From the Main menu, select Configuration. 2. Select Address Aging Interval from the Configuration menu. The Address Aging Interval screen appears. Address Aging Interval: Enter the number of minutes that constitute the interval. The default is 5 minutes, and 0 means no aging. Restarting and Resetting There are two types of system resetting: warm start and factory reset. -
Page 51: Factory Reset
To continue with a warm start, enter y (yes). The warm start data screen appears, then when the warm start is completed, the NuLink 2000 title screen appears. To leave this screen and leave the current configuration intact, select n (no). - Page 52 To continue with a factory reset, select y (yes). The factory settings are now in effect. To leave this screen and leave the current configuration intact, select n (no). The Main menu returns. Console Program Essentials 3-21...
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Page 53: Viewing Statistics
Viewing Statistics You can view statistics about FDDI network utilization and statistics about the FDDI and Fast Ethernet ports. Information presented in these screens helps you determine the overall network demands on the FDDI ring, the load on the FDDI ring generated by the bridge, and the load on the Ethernet segment. - Page 54 Parameters in this screen are described in the following paragraphs. FDDI Ring Utilization: This counter shows the load being carried by the entire ring as a percentage of ring capacity. Current shows the percentage of capacity being used presently; Average shows the percentage of capacity used from the last startup to the present;...
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Page 55: Fddi Port Statistics
FDDI Port Statistics To view various statistics about the FDDI ports on the bridge: 1. From the Main menu, select Statistics. 2. Select FDDI Port Statistics from the Statistics menu. The FDDI Port Statistics screen appears. Sample screen for DAS model— Sample screen for SAS model—... - Page 56 DAS, SAS, etc.: The bridge automatically labels this screen to identify which of the three models of bridge is installed in the bridge and being reported. Port Type: Displays the port function type in the bridge (on the left of the dash) and the port function type to which it is connected (on the right of the dash).
- Page 57 Link Error Monitor Reject Counter: This counter reports the number of link errors detected by the bridge. Link Confidence Test (LCT) Receive: This field indicates the Received status of the LCT. Values are Short, Medium, Long, and Extended. Short and Medium indicate acceptable error levels. Long is acceptable but indicates a high error rate.
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Page 58: Fast Ethernet Port Statistics
To reset most counters to zero, select Clear Counters. These three counters cannot be reset: Frames Copied, Error Frames, Lost Frames. Fast Ethernet Port Statistics To view various statistics about the Fast Ethernet port on the bridge: 3. From the Main menu, select Statistics. 4. - Page 59 Tx Underflows: The number of times that the transmitter has truncated a message because it could not read data from memory fast enough. Tx No Carrier: The number of times a frame was transmitted while the network interface is in the Link Fail state. Rx Packets: The number of all packets received by the port.
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Page 60: Using Telnet
Using Telnet This chapter describes how to use a Telnet device for managing the bridge. Once a Telnet connection with the bridge is established over the network, you can manage the bridge at a Telnet device, using the same console program described in this User’s Guide. -
Page 61: Limitations
4. After you make the Telnet connection, and enter the password if requested, the NuLink 2000 title screen appears. 5. When the NuLink 2000 title screen appears, you can now use the console program as described in Chapters 3 and 4 and Appendixes B and C. -
Page 62: Network Cable
Cable Pin-Outs This appendix gives pin-out, pin assignment, and connection information for network cable and RS-232 serial cable required for the bridge. Network Cable Straight-Through Cable Crossover Cable 1 ←→ 1 ←→ 2 ←→ 2 ←→ 3 ←→ 3 ←→ 6 ←→... -
Page 63: Figure 15. Pin-Out And Pin-Assignment Of Console Port
RS-232 Cable The bridge provides one RS-232 console port for out-of-band management. Pin Description DCD (Data Carrier Detect) RX (Receive) TX (Transmit) GND (Ground) RTS (Request To Send) CTS (Clear To Send) (RS-232 DB-9, DTE/male connector) Figure 15. Pin-Out and Pin-Assignment of Console Port When connecting a terminal directly to the bridge, use either a null modem cable or a null modem adapter on a serial (straight through) cable. -
Page 64: Figure 16. Pin-Out And Pin-Assignment Of Null Modem Adapter
9-pin female 9-pin female connector connector Null Modem Adapter Screen Shel1 Shel1 Screen Ground Ground Figure 16. Pin-Out and Pin-Assignment of Null Modem Adapter The bridge’s console connector is wired as for a DTE, and is ready to be connected to a modem (DCE) directly. The RS-232 serial cable is a straight-through cable which is used to connect a remote out-of-band SNMP management station to the bridge (Figure 17). -
Page 65: Figure 17. Out-Of-Band Connections
Connecting to a Terminal (DTE) NuLink 2000 Bridge (all models) RS-232 Serial Cable Null Modem Adapter Connecting to a Terminal (DCE) NuLink 2000 Bridge (all models) RS-232 Serial Cable Figure 17. Out-of-Band Connections Cable Pin-Outs... -
Page 66: Obtaining New Bridge Software
Obtaining the new the software from the FTP server then install it as described under Installing ♦ Obtaining the new software from the diskette, if one is supplied by NPI, using the procedure described under Installing. You must have a station that is running a TFTP server and connected to the bridge. -
Page 67: Installing New Bridge Software
Installing New Bridge Software Once new bridge software has been obtained and placed in the desired location as described under Obtaining New Software, you can install it from the console program. 1. From the Main menu, select Utilities. 2. Select Update System Software from the Utilities menu. The Update System Software screen appears. -
Page 68: Network Management Software
MIB along with the bridge software. You can obtain the upgrade MIBs supplied by NPI from NPI’s Web site or from the FTP server as described earlier, or you can install it directly from the diskette if one is supplied by NPI. -
Page 69: Verifying Communication Links
Troubleshooting This appendix gives you directions on how to verify an FDDI or Fast Ethernet communication link, and also describes the Power-On Self-Test (POST) diagnostics routine. Verifying Communication Links You can issue a Ping command at the management console to see if a specified station is active or if the link between the bridge and the specified station is up. -
Page 70: Netware Environments
Data Length: Enter the length of the packet that you want the Ping command to send. Issue Ping? When you are ready to verify the link to the specified station, enter Y. : Ping Status: Various status messages in this view-only field indicate the progress and result of the Ping operation. -
Page 71: Post Diagnostics
Test (POST) diagnostics routine. As the POST runs, its test results are displayed at the management console. On completion of the POST, the NuLink 2000 title screen displays, and you can proceed to use the console program. If any test fails, the display stops with the results displayed. The SNMP and CONSOLE LEDs on the management console will be blinking green. -
Page 72: Technical Specifications
Technical Specifications This appendix lists the design and operating specifications of the bridge. Physical 28.58 cm deep x 39.4 cm wide x 2.5 cm high (11.25 x 15.5 x 1.75 inches) 3.6 kg (8 lb.) Electrical Input voltage: 100 to 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz Power Consumption: 45W Electromagnetic FCC Part 15, Subpart B, Class A... -
Page 73: Port Characteristics
One DAS fiber-optic SC-type connector accommodates multimode fiber; 100 Mbps throughput; for FDDI One 10Base-T/100Base-TX auto-negotiation/auto-sensing switching port (RJ-45 type); replaceable with one 100Base-FX port on NPI’s FE-833 Media Adapter; for Fast Ethernet One console port, RS-232, supports serial cable connection... - Page 74 Indicators For each FDDI port: Link present, in Reset, disabled, ready, deferred For the Fast Ethernet port: Link present, traffic detected (LINK/ACT) full duplex connection, collision detected (FDX/COL) For the bridge: Power, RPS (Redundant Power Supply), SNMP, and Console LEDs Booting and Configuration Software is downloadable.
- Page 75 Index A, B G, H auto-negotiation, 2-3 gateway IP address, 3-11 blinking green LEDs, C-3 Hardware Version in System Configuration, 3- Confirm Password in Password Change, 3-6 connections for out-of-band management, 1- Image File Name for updating, B-2 IP address console program for a gateway, 3-11 accessing, 3-2...
- Page 76 Rx Lost Packets in FE Port Statistics, 4-7 New Password in Password Change, 3-6 Rx Multicast in FE Port Statistics, 4-7 NPI’s FTP server, B-1 Rx Overflows in FE Port Statistics, 4-7 NPI’s Web site, B-1 Rx Packet Errors in FE Port Statistics, 4-7...
- Page 77 Update System Software option, B-2 using MIBs, 1-11 warm start, effect of, 3-20 Index-3...
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