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G25AMK005 G25AMK005 GUARDIAN 110W MOBILE RADIO TECHNICAL MANUAL Datron World Communications Inc. 3030 Enterprise Court Manual Part No. G25AMK005 Vista, CA 92083, USA Release Date: May 2002 Phone: (760)597-1500 Fax: (760)597-1510 Revision: A E-mail: sales@dtwc.com www.dtwc.com...
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United States. The warranty is void if an unauthorized dealer opens or attempt maintenance on the radio. Manual part number: G25AMK005. Specifications are subject to change without notice or obligation. This device made under license of one or more of the following US Patents: 5,164,986;...
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This radio is designed for initial setup by authorized technicians using a computer and the Guardian programming software. Programming can enable or disable many of the radio’s features from user access per user agency security policy and legal restrictions.
1.2 General Description The Guardian 110W mobile radio system is compliant with the APCO project 25 FDMA common air interface, and is also compatible with conventional wideband FM systems and newer narrowband FM systems. It provides fully digital encrypted communication suitable for use by modern public safety and commercial users. The radio system is built from a remote power amplifier and a control head.
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Model Designation Guardian VHF Mobile Radio Receiver (Measurements per TIA/EIA 603 Standards) Sensitivity Digital Mode: 5% BER -116 dBm or greater Analog Mode: 12 dB SINAD Spurious -70 dB Intermodulation -70 dB Audio Output Power 10W, 4Ω external, 5W, 8Ω internal speaker Audio Distortion (at 1000 Hz) Frequency Stability (-30°...
RF and audio power amplifiers. The trunk-mounted RF power amplifier contains a single PC assembly. Schematics for all the boards are located in the back of the manual. 2.2 System Specifications Table 2-1: Guardian G25RMV110 Technical Specifications Specification Description General Frequency Range 136.000 to 174.0000 MHz...
Specification Description Maximum Frequency Separation Full bandwidth DES Encryption Encryption Keys Code Key Generator External SBCF Analog DES Encryption Standard feature Environmental Specifications MIL-STD-810F Test Method/Procedure Low Pressure (Altitude) 500.4/II High Temperature 501.4/I, II Low Temperature 502.4/I Temperature Shock 503.4/I Solar Radiation (Sunshine) 505.4/I Humidity...
Ignition and Emergency Switch System Control and Speaker out Programming Fused DC Power DB25 RECM control DTMF Front panel interface control (LCD,Keypad and switches) connector Control Head Coax Control Cable Fused DC Cable Power ON/OFF and R/T connector switches Control In/Out Antenna Connection Power...
80-pin connector on the Motherboard. Power Supply Figure 2-2: Guardian Control Logic 2.4.1.1 Power Supply Unit This block of circuitry takes the 7.8V regulated voltage together with a number of control signals to generate a number of power supply outputs.
2.4.1.2 On/Off Switching The main continuous supply 10V control is passed through a front panel on/off switch to generate 10V SW from the main radio supply. In normal operation the on/off switching is controlled by the radio on/off rotary switch by the control /RADON.
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2.4.1.5 3.3V Linear Logic Supply The output from the 4.5V switch mode power supply is passed through 3.3V linear power supplies to remove any remaining power supply switching noise on the main logic supply. One 3.3V supply is used for control logic, the other 3.3V, 50 mA supply is used for control logic analog circuitry.
2.4.6 FPGA The control logic uses an Altera 8282 FPGA device to provide a flexible serial data routing function, I/O expansion for H8 and DSP, clock generation, data multiplexing, and to absorb discrete logic functions. The synchronous serial bus routing function involves routing the synchronous serial port of H8 either to the keypad and LCD, or to the I/O expansion in the FPGA.
2.4.14 Test Interface The test interface provides the following functions: Joint test action group (JTAG) connector access for board test and Flash boot sector programming Board reset and control access Board power supply and on-off switching access H8 serial debug port access 2.4.15 LED The control logic incorporates a 3-color LED used for status information.
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2.5.1.3 PIN Diode Switch The antenna PIN diode switch is made up of CR7, CR8, CR9, CR10, and other associated components. This switch is a four-port design. The four ports are antenna 1 (TOP RF), antenna 2 (SIDE RF), receive, and transmit. Receive and transmit ports can be switched to only one of the two antenna ports.
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There are two 45 MHz IF amplifier circuits. The first (Q2, T2, etc.) utilizes loss-less feedback to deliver reasonable gain, low-noise figure, and a high third order intercept point simultaneously. Typical gain is 10.5 dB for the first IF amplifier. There are two crystal BPFs and a second 45 MHz IF amplifier.
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U22 is the reference oscillator temperature sensor used to monitor the temperature near Y2. Its output is labeled XTALTEMP on the schematic diagram. This line is normally monitored by the microprocessor so the reference oscillator can be adjusted for drift due to changes in temperature. 2.5.2.2 Receive/Transmit VCOs and Buffer Amplifiers The receive VCO operates from 181 to 219 MHz since high side LO injection is used and the first IF is...
(U15). The IC is used to store calibration and curve fit data, which is needed when the transceiver is configured with the Guardian radio. Each transceiver has its calibration and curve fit data stored within the EEPROM. The calibration and curve fit data is written to the EEPROM at the successful conclusion of level 2 testing. Two quad 8- bit serial DACs, a quad 12-bit serial DAC, and supporting operational-amplifiers (U2, U6, U13, U18, and U30) control much of the transceiver, as has been discussed previously.
RFI and transient protection 2.6.2 Power Conditioning Power for the Guardian 110W control head enters this board on J5 the DB9 connector. Dual low R P-channel DS(on) FET Q10 serves as reverse polarity protection and on-off switching. Transistor Q7 pulls down the gates of Q10 when the ON/OFF signal is high, allowing Q10 to conduct.
2.6.2.1 Voltage Regulator and 7.8V On/Off Switch Linear regulator U5 provides +7.8V to the RF power control circuitry and to the other two PC assemblies in the control head. The regulator is powered via Q10 body diode at all time. When the unit is turned off all the circuits are disconnected from power except the transceiver in the control head.
2.6.6 PA ON/OFF Control (Bypass Mode) It is possible to operate the system not utilizing the PA (PA in by pass mode.) This is done by turning on control head on with the PTT depressed. An orange TX light indicates to the user that he is operating in by pass mode. In this mode, output power is about 1dB lower that the nominal levels delivered from the transceiver, as indicated in the table above.
2.7 Display Board The Display board consists of a seven-switch keypad and an LCD module with integrated LED blue backlight. The board is heatstaked onto the plastic front panel, forming a permanent assembly. Electrical connections are made to the Interface board via a 20-pin connector (J13). The radio display module is a full graphics 80x32 pixels LCD, requiring a temperature compensated differential driving voltage of about 12V and a 1/6 bias, 1/32 duty cycle driving scheme.
2.7.1 Control Logic Interface The signals on this interface need not be filtered, but are protected from short circuits to ground. All logic signals are at 0 to 3V Complimentary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) levels at the interface. The interface carries the following functions: •...
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PTT processing: In normal operation, a PTT switch closure causes Q2 to conduct, which in turn causes Q7 to conduct. This signal is distributed to the rest of the radio as the PTT signal. When a DTMF button is depressed, the transceiver automatically transmits this tone.
CHAPTER 3: SOFTWARE THEORY OF OPERATION 3.1 Functional System Operation 3.1.1 General All control and channel software is resident in the RECM. 3.1.2 Guardian Block Diagram Switches Keypad Keypad MPU H8 Controller Control Control/Fill/Code External Power Keyfill Transceiver User Data...
The software automatically executes a self-test when the radio is switched on. This test is capable of detecting and identifying faults that prevent the radio from properly operating. 3.1.6 Flash Software Upgrades The radio software is updated if required using a PC and the Guardian G25AXG004 PC Programming/Cloning cable. 3.1.7 Voice Coder/Decoder (VOCODER) The VOCODER uses an improved multi-band excitation (IMBE) voice-coding algorithm as specified in the telecommunications industry association and electronic industries alliance (TIA/EIA)-102.BABA.
The DSP pages-in different program images from the Flash for different modes of operation. Typically one image is used for receive and standby modes, but a new image is needed for transmit and key management operations. The DSP can interrupt the H8 controller, and then pass data over the host port back to H8. Interrupts from the DSP include the following events: •...
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Mode Description TX/RX (SR bit 7) Set in active transmit mode, front end TX/RX control STD/SIDE (SR bit 8) Set to use radio antenna, reset to use accessory connector RF port CTX (FPGA output) Set in active transmit mode to enable the RF power amplifier 3.2.3.2 Frequency Control The frequency of operation in both transmit and receive is controlled by the H8 setting in the synthesizer through the...
3.2.3.8 Receiver Scanning In some scanning modes it is necessary for the radio to scan a number of channels looking for traffic, as controlled by the H8 software. The basic requirement is to change the synthesizer frequency, RXVTF, synthesizer tune DAC, and to resume searching on the new frequency.
3.3.1.1 Audio Coder/Decoder (CODEC) The Guardian uses a Texas Instruments® TLV320-AC36 audio CODEC. Data is transferred to and from the CODEC using the DSP enhanced synchronous serial interface (ESSI) 0 port. The data word is 16 bits long. The first thirteen bits are the two’s compliment audio sample, and the last 3 are the volume control word in the receive direction (DIN), and zero padded in the transmit direction (DOUT).
Project 25 Voice Module VOICE Audio Audio Processing CVSD DES CODEC Module Module DTMF Tones Analog FM Module Transceiver Modulation Module Figure 3-2: Transmit DSP Chain 3.3.1.4 CVSD DES Module Audio data from the Audio Processing module is sent to the audio circular buffer. The sample rate is increased from 8 ksps to 12 ksps.
3.3.1.7 Transceiver Interface The transceiver DAC has four output ports, two of which modulate the carrier. One of the two channels maintains carrier frequency accuracy. On transmit channel changes, the controller provides the DSP with two fractional values used to scale the two signals output from the DAC. The controller provides the DSP with an additional integer value at one second intervals, and is added to one of the DAC output signals to control carrier frequency accuracy.
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filter is applied to the IQ data stream. Calculating the angular difference between consecutive IQ pairs demodulates the received signal. 3.3.2.2.1 Analog to Digital Converter Because the signal BW is much less than the 455 kHz carrier frequency, the ADC sub-samples the 455 kHz IF producing a frequency translation as part of the sampling process.
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upper path signal removes the dc component from the upper path signal. Following this, the resulting signal passes through a single-bit quantizer and the output buffered for use by the code removal step. Data extraction and DCS code comparisons are then accomplished. 3.3.2.3.3 CVSD DES Detection Detection of CVSD DES waveform is performed by a secure detection function.
3.3.3 DSP Software The program data for the DSP is stored in 64K Flash program blocks. The data is stored as unpacked bytes. The blocks used for the DSP software are dedicated so that selective upgrades of this code only are possible. 3.4 Keypad MPU Software 3.4.1 Overview...
3.5.3.3 CAI Receive Voice Mode The DSP takes the 9.6 kbps CAI-compatible data stream and framing, and splits out the voice data for passing to the VOCODER. The DSP decodes the link control words so that the host H8 can read the link control fields, and the encryption synchronization information is available to the encryption process.
3.5.5 Receive Physical Link Layer This software uses common FM demodulation software, and mode-dependent receiver physical layer software modules. 3.5.5.1 Receive ADC and DAC Interface In receive modes SSI port 1 is used in a duplex manner to allow the ADC to be read continuously at 96 kHz and the DAC written up to 48 ksps for AGC and reference oscillator adjustment.
3.5.6.2 CAI Encryption The DSP software uses DES kernel software to implement the CAI encryption of voice traffic as described in TIA/EIA/IS-102.AAAA. The key manager supplies the encryption key. In transmit, the message indicator (MI) vector is passed to data link processing for encoding and transmission. In receive, the data link layer decodes the MI vector, and fly wheeled if decoding fails for up to n frames.
3.5.10 Hardware Control The DSP software controls the DSP clock rate through the phased locked loop (PLL) output divider. The DSP clock rate is dynamically matched to the mode of operation, in coarse steps for example, between searching and tracking receive modes.
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3.6.2.2.1 Interrupt Sources The following interrupt sources are used in H8. Interrupt Source Description User interface External interrupt from the keypad External interrupt from the DSP, signal detected, etc. Low dc voltage External NMI from power supply indicates power supply fail Timer Internal time base tick interrupt every 10 ms PC serial port...
3.6.2.3.2 Full Start-Up Software If a valid H8 program image exists, the full start-up code executes. This involves initializing RAM, DSP, keypad, user interface, FPGA, transceiver, etc., executing the start-up BIT, and transferring control to the main scheduler. 3.6.2.3.3 FPGA Configure Software At start-up H8 configures the FPGA using data from the main Flash memory and transferring it via a synchronous serial bus to the FPGA.
3.6.3.1.4 Transceiver EEPROM The radio transceiver has an 8k x 8 serial EEPROM for storing transceiver calibration data. This data is set during production testing for the specific transceiver. The data in this device is essentially constant and is never written to by the main controller.
3.7.2 Optional DTMF Microphone The radio is programmed using DTMF microphone. For detailed instructions on programming the radio a DTMF microphone, see the Guardian operator manual (G25AMK004). 3-20 G U A R D I A N V H F...
Three zones can be selected by the toggle switch, 16 zones by the front panel keyboard. Channels are mapped to the channel select switch positions using the Guardian PC programmer. When a zone is active (selected), channels within the zone are selected using the 16-position channel select switch on the front panel of the radio.
4.3.5 Radio Power Up Turn on the radio using the on/off/volume knob. The radio performs a self-test and sounds a short medium-pitched tone to indicate PASS. Use the switch to set the volume to a comfortable level. Select the desired channel using the channel select switch.
The cable connects the PC serial port to the accessory connector on the rear panel of the radio. See the Guardian programming manual for a complete description of PC programming. The PC programmer is capable of programming the following settings:...
5.1.4 Cloning Cable The Guardian G25AXG004 programming/cloning cable is used to transfer programming information (excluding crypto keys and global parameters) from one radio to another radio. The cable connects to the radio accessory connector on both the sending (source) and receiving (target) radios. Each cable end is labeled accordingly (source and target) for ease of use.
5.2.1.6 Programmable Keys Three programmable keys are located on the front panel of the radio. These keys are programmed using the PC programmer for the following functions: • Backlight dim/bright/off (for future use) • Encryption on/off • Scan list add/delete •...
5.2.2.3 Audible Tones The radio has several audible tones that are activated by states of operation or by radio faults. These tones are described in Chapter 9. 5.2.3 Connectors 5.2.3.1 Accessory Connector The accessory connector is a DB25 connector located on the rear panel of the radio. This connector is used for multiple functions, including PC programming, keyfill, cloning, external speaker, and audio accessory attachment.
Type Description Individual Call TGID is automatically set to 0000 (hex) and the user ID of the targeted radio is activated within the Project 25 digital transmit signal 5.3.2 Receiver Characteristics 5.3.2.1 Receiver Performance The receiver is capable of demodulating a single-channel FM carrier using either conventional 12.5 kHz FM, 25 kHz FM, C4FM, or compatible quadrature phase shift keying (CQPSK) modulation.
5.4.3 Zeroize The radio can be programmed using an optional, external emergency key to zeroize all encryption keys. Using the programming menu, the radio can also zeroize all encryption keys, or selectively zeroize individual encryption keys. The emergency key is programmed using the PC programmer. G U A R D I A N V H F M O B I L E...
CHAPTER 6: SERVICING THE RADIO 6.1 General There are no user serviceable parts in the Guardian radio. Return it for servicing to the manufacturer after requesting an RMA number. Attempts to service the Guardian radio by non-authorized personnel voids the warranty.
CHAPTER 7: TROUBLESHOOTING 7.1 Introduction This chapter is included to help qualified service personnel troubleshoot and repair the Guardian radio. If questions or problems arise, contact Datron Technical Support Services Group, Datron World Communications Inc., 3030 Enterprise Court, Vista, CA 92083, or phone (760) 597-3755, or email to: guardianservice@dtwc.com. For additional troubleshooting information, refer to the following sections of this manual: •...
CHAPTER 8: DEFINITIONS Alert Mode: Display and audio properties are used when the emergency key is pressed. In normal mode, the display flashes EMERGENCY and an audio tone is heard. In silent mode, the display is blank and no audio tone is heard. Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC): An electronic device for converting data from analog to digital form for use in electronic equipment.
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Priority 2 Scan: Priority-2 channel is sampled in a similar fashion to the priority-1 channel. Activity on the priority-2 channel overrides all other modes except emergency and priority 1. Receive Only Channel: A feature that does not allow outgoing transmissions on the channel. It is used for channels in which transmission is prohibited (i.e., weather channels).
CHAPTER 9: SIGNAL TONES Tone Signal Cause Brief low-pitched Key press error Invalid key pressed Failed power on self-test (POST) Radio fails POST Transmit time-out warning Time-out about to interrupt PTT Empty channel warning No RX/TX frequencies programmed for the channel Steady low-pitched Transmit time-out timed out...
CHAPTER 10: CONNECTOR PINOUTS 10.1 Accessory Connector Pins and Functions Signal Name Description RS232_RXD Receive data line output (DCE), RS232 level (>+3V=ZERO, <-3V=ONE) RS232_RTS Data port control input (DCE), RS232 level (>+3V=ON, <-3V=OFF) SERIAL_CLOCK Synchronous clock output to PC terminal (DCE), RS232 level (>+3V=ZERO, <-3V=ONE) RS232_CTS Data port control output (DCE), RS232 level (>+3V=ON, <-3V=OFF)
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10.2 Power Connector Pins and Functions Signal Name Description BATTERY Battery power GROUND Ground IGN_SW Ignition switch EXTERNAL_10W_SPEAKER_N External speaker EXTERNAL+10W_SPEAKER_P External speaker BATTERY Battery power GROUND Ground GROUND Ground EMERGENCY_SWITCH Emergency switch 10.3 Microphone Jack Connector Pins and Functions Signal Name Description EXTERNAL_MIC_BIAS/KEY...
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REVISIONS ZONE DESCRIPTION DATE APPROVED PREPRODUCTION RELEASE BOARD SPIN 2 UPDATED 10/10/01 B.MAAT NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED. INTERPRET DRAWING PER MIL-STD-100. ALL RESISTANCE VALUES ARE IN OHMS, CAPACITANCE VALUES ARE IN MICROFARADS, LAST REF DES USED: B1,C550,D69,FL6,J5,L80,P2,Q71,R580,RT1, T2,TP24,U77,Y1 4.5VSW BATTSW 3V3LOGIC REF DES NOT USED: C20,C24,C32,C33,C35-C37,C39-C42,C44-C52,...