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TROUBLE
SHOOTING
1 4 . 5
Introduc t i on
1 4 . 5 . 1
The
fo l lowing informat ion i s provided
Informat i on c o n t a ined
u s e d
to
l o c a t e t h e d e fe c t . An und e r s t anding o f the c i r c u i t
in l o c at ing t r o ub l e s ,
Re f e r to
Troub l e - s ho o t i ng techniques
1 4 . 5 . 2
a fault
If
the d e fe c t ive p ar t :
- Check i f the s e t t ings o f the con t r o l s o f the o s c i l l o s c o pe are
c o r r e c t .
- Check the equipment to wh i c h the o s c i l l o s c ope
interconnection c ab l e s .
- Check i f the o sc i l l o s c ope i s we l l- c a l ib r ated .
s e c t ion
V i s ua l l y c h e c k the p a r t o f t h e o s c i l l o s c o pe
s u s p e c t e d .
s o l de r ing conne c t ion s , bad
c ompone n t s or trans i s to r s and I C ' s
into
their
- L o c a t i o n o f the c i r c u i t p a r t in wh i c h the
symptom often i nd i c a t e s
i s de fec t ive the symptom wi l l appear i n several c i r c u i t par t s .
After having c a r r i ed out
the
s u s pe c ted c i r c u i t pa r t s mus t be examined :
- Trans i s to r s and d i od e s �
Check the vo l t age b e tween b a se and em i t t e r
conduct ive s t a t e ) and the v o l t age be tween c o l l e c t or and emi t t e r
appro x .
in
r emoved
from the p . c . b .
ohmme t e r s i n c e the b a s e / c o l l e c t o r j un c t ions can b e regarded
Like a normal
l ow in the o t h e r d i r e c t i o n .
from the ohmme t e r d o e s not d amage the c omponent
Rep l a c e the s u s pe c t ed component by a new one
c i r c u i t
is not
damaged .
- Integrated c i r c ui t s .
In c i r c u i t ,
A good kn owledge o f the c ir c u i t
The r e fore ,
- Capac i t o r s .
Leakage can be
r e s i s t ance
a l l owed vo l t age . An open capac i t o r c an b e checked
AC s i gn a l s
measured v a l ue with the v a l ue and
in o t h e r s e c t ions of
part i c u l a r l y where
the c i r c u i t d e s c r i p t ion
appe a r s ,
the
fo l lowing t e s t sequence c a n b e used
Con s u l t
the Operating Ins t ruct ions .
1 3 .
11Checking and Ad j u s t i n g " .
In t h i s way ,
i t
socke t s .
t h i s
the
s a t ur a t i o n ) w i t h a v o l tm e t e r or an o s c i l l o s c ope . When
i t
d io d e ,
the
r e s i s tance
in s uch cond i t ion that
t e s t ing can be done wi t h an o s c i l l o s c ope or v o l tme t e r .
f i r s t r e ad
the c i r c u i t de s c r ip t ions
traced wi t h an ohmme t e r ad j u s t ed
range .
When t e s t i ng t a ke care o f p o l a r i ty and max imum
is o b s e rved .
Also a c a p a c i tance meter can used :
to
fac i l i t a t e t r o ub l e shoo t ing .
the manual
integrated c i r c u i t s are used .
for
t h i s
i n fo rm a t ion .
i s
pos s ib le
t o
f i nd f a u l t s
i n t e r c onne c t ion plugs
that
are not
faul t
p a r t of the c ir c u i t .
previous
s t e p s ,
( 0 , 7
is
pos s ib l e
to t e s t
i s very h i gh in one d ir e c t ion and
When measuring
take c are
the new c omponent w i l l be
part
under t e s t i s
to lerance i nd i c ated
should a l so be
i s he lpful
to
i s connected and
I f not ,
r e fe r to
in wh ich the
faul t
s uch a s bad
and w i re s , d amaged
c o r re c t l y p l ugged
i s s u s p e c ted :
I f the power s up p l y
individual c omponents
V approx .
in
the
tran s i � tor with an
as d i ode s .
that the current
under t e s t .
i f you are sure
that
e s s e nt i a l .
in s e c t ions 3 � . .
to
i t s highe s t
i f the r e s ponse
c ompare
in the par t s
1 4-9
f i nd
the
i s
the
in
( 0 , 2
V
the
1 0 .
for
the
l i s t
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