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Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. reserves the right to add, improve, modify, or withdraw functions, design modifications, or products at any time without notice. Lake Shore shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
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Lake Shore warrants the Product only if the Product has been Lake Shore at the time of the conclusion of the contract. (c) the sold by an authorized Lake Shore employee, sales representa-...
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Copyright 2012-2017 Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. All rights reserved. No portion of this manual may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the express written permission of Lake Shore.
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EN 61010-1:2010 Overvoltage Category II Pollution Degree 2 EN 61326-1:2013 Class A Controlled Electromagnetic Environment EN 50581:2012 Signed for and on behalf of: Place, Date: Westerville, OH USA Scott Ayer 29-SEP-2016 Director of Quality & Compliance Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
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To qualify for the CE Mark, the Model 648 meets or exceeds the requirements of the European EMC Directive 89/643/EEC as a CLASS A product. A Class A product is allowed to radiate more RF than a Class B product and must include the follow- ing warning: WARNING:This is a Class A product.
Model 648 uses convenient bipolar, 4-quadrant oper- ation. It is capable of supplying ±135 A/±75 V to a nominal 0.5 ,, 0.5 H load. The Model 648 is built to last with a rugged design, integrated fault protection, and a sim- ple, clean interior electronic design.
1: Introduction HAPTER 1.2 Output The low electrical noise design of the Model 648 makes it the ideal power supply for use with large electromagnets in high precision laboratory settings, ensuring greater Architecture resolution and finer detail in data taken during highly sensitive measurements. Since low noise is critical to measurement systems, the Model 648 implements both a lin- ear design and bipolar architecture.
1.9 Model 648 Specifications 1.9 Model 648 Specifications 1.9.1 Output Type: Bipolar, 4-quadrant, DC voltage/current source Current generation: Fully linear regulation with digital setting and analog control Current range: ±135 A Compliance voltage (DC): ±75 V Power: 9.1 kW nominal Nominal load: 0.5 ), 0.5 H...
1.10 General Magnet cooling water Remote enable input: TTL low or contact closure to enable output; jumper required if unused Valve power output: 24 VAC at 1.5 A maximum, automatic or manual control Connector: Shared 4-pin detachable terminal block Flow, temperature switch, and water valve not included Auxiliary Emergency stop: Requires 1 A, 24 VAC normally closed (NC) contact to enable power- up;...
1.11 Ordering Information Part number Description 648-200 Model 648 ±135 A ±76 V, 9.1 kW, 200 VAC 648-208 Model 648 ±135 A ±76 V, 9.1 kW, 208 VAC 648-220 Model 648 ±135 A ±76 V, 9.1 kW, 220 VAC 648-230 Model 648 ±135 A ±76 V, 9.1 kW, 230 VAC...
Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. assumes no liability for Cus- tomer failure to comply with these requirements. The Model 648 protects the operator and surrounding area from electric shock or burn, mechanical hazards, excessive temperature, and spread of fire from the instru- ment.
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Casters are installed on the base to allow the unit to be rolled around. Four lifting lugs are provided for ease of moving and handling the Model 648. Always use all four lift- ing lugs when lifting the unit. Because of its weight, the Model 648 should be handled by mechanical means.
Chapter 3. For Model 648 operation information, refer to Chapter 4. 2.2 Major A magnet used with the Model 648 electromagnet power supply typically has an iron pole, twin coil, 7 in or 10 in pole diameter, variable air gap, and is water cooled. Larger...
2.4.2 Magnet Coil Wiring 2.4.2 Magnet Coil Typical magnet coil wiring is shown in FIGURE 2-3. The connecting cable used should be of sufficient gage to prevent excessive voltage drop and heat rise in the cable. The Wiring cables should be as short as possible to minimize the voltage drop. Current carrying capacities for various sizes of cables and cable lengths are shown in TABLE 3-3.
The switches are then connected to the flow switch terminals of the magnet connector on the Model 648. The Model 648 monitors the switches and if an open is detected, the output current is ramped to zero.
2.5.3). 2.5.2 Maximum The Model 648 was designed to operate with a magnet load resistance of 0.50 ), but will provide full current output within a resistance range of 0.41 ) to 0.55 ). The...
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Maximum current output vs. resistance FIGURE 2-6 Typical curves of field vs. current for 6 inch pole face on the EM7 FIGURE 2-7 Typical curves of field vs. current for 4 inch pole face on the EM10 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
To avoid condensation, the power supply operator must remain cognizant of the ambient air temperature, cooling water temperature, and the relative humidity. Lake Shore defines the limits of these conditions as follows: ambient temperature = 18 - 28 °C (64 - 82 °F) cooling water temperature = 15 - 25 °C (59 - 77 °F)
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CHAPTER 2: Magnet System Design, Installation, and Operation Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
Check off each item on the packing list as it is unpacked. Instruments themselves may be shipped as several parts. The items included with the Model 648 are described in the following list. Contact Lake Shore immediately if there is a shortage of parts or accessories. Lake Shore is not responsible for any missing items if not notified within 60 days of shipment.
3.2.1 Moving and Casters are installed on the base to allow the unit to be rolled around. Four lifting lugs are provided for ease of moving and handling the Model 648. Always use all four lift- Handling ing lugs when lifting the unit. Because of its weight, the Model 648 should be handled by mechanical means.
3.2.1 Moving and Handling FIGURE 3-1 Model 648 rear panel : Left: Bottom half (shown with wiring cover removed); Right: Top half 3.4 Power Wiring This section describes how to connect the Model 648 to the line power. Please follow...
FIGURE 3-2 Voltage change detail 3.4.2 Circuit Breaker The circuit breaker is an important safety feature of the Model 648. The required current setting depends on the voltage for which the unit is wired (refer to TABLE 3-2 Setting for the correct setting). Verify that the circuit breaker is set correctly for the line voltage being applied to the unit.
The first, a yellow slip washer and its corresponding grommet, are provided in the Model 648 installation kit and are provided assembled inside the bushing body. It will accommodate a 15.9 mm to 19.0 mm (0.63 in to 0.75 in) round neoprene jacketed cable.
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Failure to install a strain-relief bushing is a hazard and could cause injury or death to the operating personnel in the event of a fault. Lake Shore reserves the right to void the warranty of any instrument not properly installed.
3.4.5 Power Input The Model 648 requires a 4 conductor power cable (non-detachable). The input to the Model 648 is wired in a delta configuration, but will operate from a delta or wye Terminals source. If operating from a wye source, the neutral line (N) is not used.
There is a risk of injury or death if an operator or technician comes in contact with these potentials. Chassis Wiring cover 10-32 × 5/8 screw (2) 6-32 × 3/8 screw (4) FIGURE 3-7 Wiring cover installation Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
The flow or temperature switch must have a normally closed contact rated at 5 V at 10 mA. A contact closure is required to enable the Model 648 output. If a switch is not used, a jumper is required. To operate a solenoid water valve for the magnet, 24 VAC at 1 A is provided.
7.6 L (2 gal) per minute is required with a maximum pressure of 552kPa (80 psi). At the 7.6 L (2 gal) per minute flow rate, the Model 648 has a 159 kPa (23 psi) drop across it. When installed, the water valve adds an additional 107 kPa (15.5 psi) drop.
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Model 648 as shown in FIGURE 3-12. Hose connections are made as shown in FIGURE 3-11. When you are finished installing the cooling water hose, ensure the hose cover is installed to prevent damage to the flow switch and copper tubing.
10 ft and 20 ft lengths. Refer to section 1.11 for ordering accessories. FIGURE 3-13 shows how the output cables are connected to the Model 648. A plain washer and a spring or Belleville washer are provided. The Belleville washer is required to maintain contact pressure through varying material thickness due to heating.
The current monitor has a sensitivity of 7 V = 135 A and the voltage monitor has a sensitivity of 7.5 V = 75V. Both outputs have a 20 ) source impedance . The Model 648 can be programmed externally with a computer. Both USB and 3.11 Computer IEEE-488 ports are provided.
3.12.1 3-Phase Power All 3-phase electrical wiring should be completed by a qualified electrician adhering to all local codes and standards, prior to the arrival of a Lake Shore representative for Connections installation and training.
Be sure the unit is connected to an appropriate load before applying power. The Model 648 will not turn on if an emergency stop switch is not connected or a jumper is not put in its place on the Auxiliary connector at the rear of the unit. The unit will not turn on if it is connected to a voltage source more than 10% greater than the voltage for which it is configured.
FIGURE 4-2 Model 648 power push buttons When the Model 648 is turned on, the display shows the Lake Shore logo and the alarm beeper sounds briefly. After a few seconds, a “checking hardware” message will appear in the center of the logo display while the instrument does an internal diag- nostic to verify that everything is working.
4.4.3 Power Limit LED The Model 648 has a hardware power limit to protect the internal power MOSFETs. If the power supply is driving a load which has a resistance lower than the supply’s rated minimum, the power required may be higher than the devices can safely han- dle.
TABLE 4-3 Model 648 key descriptions 4.5.1 General Keypad The Model 648 uses three basic keypad operations, direct operation, setting selec- tion, and data entry, for the majority of operator interface. A few specialized keypad Operation operations, such as ramp segment entry, are described in the individual operation paragraphs.
Default: 25% Interface Command: DISP 4.7 Setting Output The main purpose of the Model 648 electromagnet power supply is to supply a very precise and stable current to a magnet load. Before setting output current, make sure Current that the instrument is properly setup for the magnet system that is being used. This includes setting up the maximum output current (section 4.12.1) and maximum...
While the output current ramp is paused, the ramping LED will blink. Press Pause Output again to continue ramping. Press Enter while the ramp is paused to set the current at the paused setting and exit the Pause Ramp mode. Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
4.8. This key is equivalent to using Output Setting and entering 0 A, except that it works even when the Model 648 is being pro- grammed externally. Refer to section 4.7 to set the output current.
On mode: the valve will be energized whenever the power supply is on. This fea- ture can also be used when the Model 648 is first installed to purge air from the lines. The Off menu selection can be used to turn it off.
4.12.2 Maximum Current Ramp Rate 4.16 External The output current of the Model 648 can be set internally, externally, or by the sum of the external and internal settings. Current Internal: (default) the current is controlled internally by entering a setting from Programming the front panel using Output Setting.
CHAPTER 4: Operation 4.18 Computer There are two computer interfaces on the Model 648, a USB interface and an IEEE- 488 interface. These interfaces are used to connect the instrument to a computer for Interface automated control or data taking. Refer to Chapter 5. Section 4.18.1 explains how to change the interface parameters on the IEEE-488 interface.
Cable lengths are limited to 2 m (6.6 ft) for each device and 20 m (65.6 ft) for the entire bus. The Model 648 can drive a bus with up to ten loads. If more instruments or cable length is required, a bus expander must be used.
LLO (Local Lockout): prevents the use of instrument front panel controls DCL (Device Clear): clears Model 648 interface activity and puts it into a bus idle state Finally, addressed bus control commands are multiline commands that must include the Model 648 listen address before the instrument responds.
Common commands all begin with an asterisk. They generally relate to “bus” and “instrument” status and identification. Common query commands end with a question mark (?). Model 648 common com- mands are detailed in section 5.4 and summarized in TABLE 5-7.
CHAPTER 5: Computer Interface Operation 5.2.4 Status System The Model 648 implements a status system compliant with the IEEE-488.2 standard. The status system provides a method of recording and reporting instrument informa- Overview tion and is typically used to control the Service Request (SRQ) interrupt line. A dia- gram of the status system is shown in FIGURE 5-1.
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OPSTR? Operation Event Enable Register PRLM RAMP COMP Name OPSTE, used used used used used OPSTE? PRLM = Power limit RAMP = Ramp done COMP = Compliance FIGURE 5-1 Model 648 status system (image 1 of 2) www.lakeshore.com...
Name ERSTE, ERSTE? FIGURE 5-2 Model 648 status system (image 2 of 2) 5.2.4.4 Status Byte Register The Status Byte register, typically referred to as the Status Byte, is a non-latching, read-only register that contains all of the summary bits from the register sets. The status of the summary bits are controlled from the register sets as explained in section 5.2.4.1 to section 5.2.4.3.
— TABLE 5-3 Register clear methods 5.2.5 Status System As shown in FIGURE 5-1, there are two register sets in the status system of the Model 648: Standard Event Status Register and Operation Event Register. Detail: Status Register Sets www.lakeshore.com...
Power Limit, Bit (2): this bit is set if the output is in power limit. Ramp Done, Bit (1): this bit is set when the output current ramp is completed. Compliance, Bit (0): this bit is set if the output is in compliance limit. Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
5.2.6 Status System Detail: Error Status Register Sets Operation Condition Register PRLM RAMP COMP Name used used used used used OPST? Operation Event Register PRLM RAMP COMP Name used used used used used OPSTR? To Bit 7 (OSB) of Status Byte Register Operation (see Figure 5-1.) Event Enable...
The output current will be set to zero and will not be settable until the fault is cleared. Calibration Error (CAL), Bit (0): this bit is set if the instrument is not calibrated or the calibration data has been corrupted Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
5.2.7 Status System Detail: Status Byte Register and Service Request (SRQ) Error Status Condition Register REF PFF MFF HLV LLV Name ERST? Error Status Event Register REF PFF Name ERSTR? To Bit 1 (OESB) of Status Byte Register (see Figure 5-1.) Error Status Enable Register REF PFF...
SRQ has been cleared, typically by a query of the event register. The serial poll does not clear MSS. The MSS bit stays set until all enabled Status Byte summary bits are cleared, typically by a query of the associated event register (section 5.2.7.4). Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
5.2.7 Status System Detail: Status Byte Register and Service Request (SRQ) The programming example in TABLE 5-4 initiates an SRQ when a command error is detected by the instrument. The programming example in Table 5-3 initiates an SRQ when a command error is detected by the instrument.
USB peripheral devices, and it allows the common USB A-type to Connection B-type cable to be used to connect the Model 648 to a host PC. The pin assignments for A-type and B-type connectors are shown in section 6.11.5. The maximum length of a USB cable, as defined by the USB 2.0 standard, is 5 m (16.4 ft).
If the Found New Hardware wizard is unable to connect to Windows® Update or find the drivers, a message to “Insert the disc that came with your Lake Shore Model 648” will be displayed. Click Cancel and refer to section 5.3.3.3 to install the driver from the web.
Lake Shore Model 648 should appear indented underneath Other Devices. If it is not displayed as Lake Shore Model 648, it might be displayed as USB Device. If neither are displayed, click Action and then Scan for hardware changes, which may open the Found New Hardware wizard automatically.
+ icon. Lake Shore Model 648 should appear indented underneath Ports (COM & LPT). If it is not displayed as Lake Shore Model 648, it might be displayed as USB Device. If neither are displayed, click Action and then select Scan for hardware changes, which may open the Found New Hardware wizard automatically.
When issuing commands the user program alone should: Properly format and transmit the command including the terminator as 1 string Guarantee that no other communication is started for 50 ms after the last char- acter is transmitted Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
5.4 Command Summary Not initiate communication more than 20 times/s When issuing queries or queries and commands together, the user program should: Properly format and transmit the query including the terminator as 1 string Prepare to receive a response immediately Receive the entire response from the instrument including the terminator Guarantee that no other communication is started during the response or for 50 ms after it completes...
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IEEE-488 Interface Parameter Query STOP Stop Output Current Ramp Cmd INTWTR Internal Water Mode Cmd XPGM External Program Mode Cmd INTWTR? Internal Water Mode Query XPGM? External Program Mode Query KEYST? Keypad Status Query TABLE 5-7 Command summary Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
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5.4 Command Summary CLS Clear Interface Command CLS[term] Input Remarks Clears the bits in the Status Byte Register, Standard Event Status Register, and Opera- tion Event Register, and terminates all pending operations. Clears the interface, but not the instrument. The related instrument command is *RST. ESE Standard Event Status Enable Register Command ESE <bit weighting>[term]...
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Returned <status>[term] Format <status> 0 = no errors found, 1 = errors found Remarks The Model 648 reports status based on test done at power up. WAI Wait-to-Continue Command WAI[term] Input Remarks This command is not supported in the Model 648.
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5.4 Command Summary DFLT Factory Defaults Command Input DFLT 99[term] Remarks Sets all configuration values to factory defaults and resets the instrument. The instru- ment must be at zero amps for this command to work. The “99” is included to prevent accidentally setting the unit to defaults.
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Keypad Status Query Input KEYST?[term] Format Returned <code>[term] Remarks Returns a number descriptor of the last key pressed since the last KEYST?. Returns “01” after initial power-up. Returns “00” if no key is pressed since last query. Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
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(refer to command for description) MODE IEEE Interface Mode Command Input MODE <mode>[term] Format <mode> 0 = local, 1 = remote, 2 = remote with local lockout. Example MODE 2[term]—places the Model 648 into remote mode with local lockout. www.lakeshore.com...
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Sets the output current ramp rate. This value will be used in both the positive and negative directions. Setting value is limited by LIMIT. RATE? Output Current Ramp Rate Setting Query Input RATE?[term] Returned <rate>[term] Format +n.nnnn (refer to command for description) Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
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5.4 Command Summary RDGI? Current Output Reading Query Input RDGI?[term] Returned <current>[term] Format +nn.nnnn <current> Actual measured output current RDGV? Output Voltage Reading Query Input RDGV?[term] Returned <voltage>[term] Format +n.nnnn Actual output voltage measured at the power <voltage> supply terminals. RSEG Ramp Segments Enable Command Input...
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External Program Mode Command Input XPGM<mode>[term] Format <mode> 0=Internal, 1=External, 2=Sum Example XPGM 1[term]: places the Model 648 into external program mode where the output current is set by an external voltage. XPGM? External Program Mode Query Input XPGM?[term] Returned <mode>[term]...
Lockups ment is not being overloaded. 3. Ensure that the USB cable is not unplugged and that the Model 648 is not pow- ered down while the com port is open. The USB driver creates a com port when the USB connection is detected, and removes the com port when the USB connec- tion is no longer detected.
6.4 Fuse Drawer The fuse drawer supplied with the Model 648 holds the instrument line fuses and line voltage selection module. The drawer holds two 10.30 mm × 38 mm (0.41 in × 1.5 in) time delay fuses. It requires two good fuses of the same rating to operate safely. ...
FIGURE 6-2 Model 648 rear panel : Left: Bottom half (shown with wiring cover removed); Right: Top half Use the following procedure to change the instrument line voltage. To avoid potentially lethal shocks, turn off the power supply and disconnect it from AC power before performing this procedure.
1. Turn the front panel line power switch off. 2. Remove the main power from the Model 648 using the disconnect switch. 3. Identify the power wiring access panel on the rear of the Model 648. 4. Remove the perimeter screws holding the power wiring access panel.
Model 648. This section deals with the fuses for this supply. If the power line fuses for this supply are open, the Model 648 internal three-phase contactor will not close and normal operation will not be possible.
Refer to section 4.15 for a description of the error status display. 6.9.1 Types of Error There are three types of error messages. Their descriptions are defined here and in TABLE 6-2 and TABLE 6-3. Messages Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply...
Output over current message will flash for 10 s, and then the Model 648 will turn itself off. The processor that controls the output DAC is not responding or is responding incorrectly. The output setting is set to 0 A and DAC processor not responding no current entry will be allowed.
CHAPTER 6: Service 6.11 Connector All non-power electrical connections to the rear of the Model 648 are detailed in this section. and Cable Definitions 6.11.1 Analog I/O The analog I/O connector provides the connections for the external programming voltage as well as analog representations of the current and voltage output levels.
Fault relay: the fault relay can be used to communicate the presence of a Model 648 fault to external equipment. The relay follows the operation of the fault light on the front panel. Both normally-open and normally-closed configu- rations are provided.
The flow switch connector provides the means to connect the mandatory water flow switch (closed during flow) to protect the Model 648 from loss of water flow. When water is flowing, pins 1 and 2 will be closed, allowing normal operation.
Questions regarding product applications, price, availability and Inquiries shipments should be directed to sales. Questions regarding instrument calibration or repair should be directed to instrument service. Do not return a product to Lake Shore without a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number (section 6.12.2). 6.12.1 Contacting The Lake Shore Service Department is staffed Monday through Friday between the hours of 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM EST, excluding holidays and company shut down days.
RMAs are valid for 60 days from issuance; however, we suggest that equipment needing repair be shipped to Lake Shore within 30 days after the RMA has been issued. You will be contacted if we do not receive the equipment within 30 days after the RMA is issued.
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