CONTENTS ULTRASOUND THERAPY ..........................3 Mechanism of Action ............................. 3 Methods of Application ..........................5 1.2.1 According to Application Area and Movement of the Emitter Head............5 1.2.2 According to Application Area ........................5 1.2.3 According to Contact Between Emitter Head and Body Surface.............. 5 Ultrasound Frequency ...........................
1 U L T R A S O U N D T H E R A P Y Continuing education is a very important aspect of healthcare delivery. Many excellent resources are available today to expand a user's knowledge about many aspects of ultrasound therapy. BTL recommends a thorough review of this guide prior to operating the equipment.
Page 4
The ultrasound dose (power emitted to a surface area) is, therefore, related to the ERA and not to the actual surface area of the emitter head. The phenomena of ultrasound refraction and reflection are caused by ultrasound wave transmission from one tissue into another and by different transmission speeds in these tissues.
Ultrasound also has several non-therapeutic effects that can have negative impacts, such as: • Tissue lesion - Mechanical and/or thermic tissue lesion can occur when the intensity is too high. Especially sensitive is the nervous system (peripheral nerve) situated right on the bone (interference!) below the surface (close field!).
Subaqual application. This method has a range of advantages: It uses mainly the distant ultrasound field, where interference does not occur. Furthermore, there is no need to press the emitter head against the skin in order to maintain sufficient contact (this pressure is unpleasant or even painful for post-traumatic conditions). In addition, this application is not limited by uneven surfaces, and ultrasound can be easily applied to these surfaces, such as to interphalangeal joints.
1.9.1 ULTRASOUND + LOW-FREQUENCY CURRENTS This combination can be applied by using one BTL Combi unit (for example, BTL-4810S Topline Combi) or by the interconnection of two single units (BTL-4000 Topline Sono and BTL-4000 Topline Puls) The current with adjustable intensity is brought to the covering metallic plate of the emitter head. The other electrode (most usually a plate electrode) is placed contralaterally, so that both the ultrasound field and low-frequency currents are brought to the treatment area.
• Mechanism of Action When using appropriate low-frequency current (100 – 200 Hz), the myorelaxation effect of the ultrasound is cumulatively increased. This form of combined therapy (when using ultrasound of frequency 3 MHz) is used especially for treating localized muscle hypertonia, uncoordinated muscle fibres (unable to spontaneously relax), and trigger points in superficially located muscles.
• Intensity The initial intensity for continuous ultrasound (Duty factor 1:1) is 0.4 - 0.6 W/cm , the initial intensity for pulsed ultrasound with Duty factor 1:2 - 1:4 is 0.5 - 1.0 W/cm , the initial intensity for pulsed ultrasound with Duty factor 1:8 - 1:16 is 1.0 - 1.3 W/cm The AMP intensity is chosen according to the desired effect.
1.10 SPECIFIC CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR ULTRASOUND THERAPY 1.10.1 ABSOLUTE Epiphyses Of Growing Bones There is the risk of irreversible damage of the growth zone, deformity and permanent impairment. Since older types of ultrasound units employed low intensity (the displayed data did not correspond with the actual energy applied), damage to the growth zones was exceptional and many physicians did not take this contraindication too seriously.
Page 11
Bony Projections Located Under The Skin - Spinous Projections Of Spondyles, Ankles, Condyles, Epicondyles This contraindication is very often ignored. Ultrasound can be used for the treatment of epicondylitis, but this is true only in case of applying ultrasound to a specific muscular group (extensoric in lateral epicondylitis, flexoric in ulnar epicondylitis).
• Name, surname, ID number, insurance company • Diagnosis (name and number), stage • Name of treatment, type of device, if possible (BTL-4000 Topline Sono, BTL-4000 Topline Puls + BTL-4000 Topline Sono) • Ultrasound parameters: - frequency - duty factor...
1.13 TREATMENT PROCEDURE Inform the patient about the procedure. Never let patients apply ultrasound to themselves! It is strictly forbidden! Ask the patient about contraindications that may be temporarily present – epistaxis, menstruation or pregnancy. Place the patient in the proper position for the therapy and apply the contact medium. Set the prescribed intensity, time, place the emitter head and switch on the ultrasound.
2 S E T U P O F U L T R A S O U N D G E N E R A T O R 2 . 1 S E T U P A N D C O N T R O L O F U L T R A S O U N D T H E R A P Y On the therapy parameters screen it is possible to select ultrasound or ultrasound sequences.
For information about the configuration of output connectors and interconnection of units, see the BTL-4000 Topline Series User's Manual. If your device contains an electrotherapy generator, this button is not displayed and one pole of electrotherapy is automatically connected to the case of the head after starting the combined therapy.
The heads delivered with the BTL-4000 Topline devices are interchangeable. This means that the head can be connected to any device of the BTL-4000 Topline series which contains an ultrasound generator and it is not necessary to state the number of the equipment for which the head is designed.
3 T E C H N I C A L P A R A M E T E R S 3 . 1 P A R A M E T E R S O F U L T R A S O U N D G E N E R A T O R Effective intensity Continuous operation ±...
Need help?
Do you have a question about the BTL-4000 and is the answer not in the manual?
Questions and answers