Apricot XEN Hardware Technical Reference
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Apricot XEN Hardware Technical Reference

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HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE
XEN
apricot
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC

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  • Page 1 HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE apricot MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC...
  • Page 2 HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 3 Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Apricot Computers Limited. The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement. The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of this agreement.
  • Page 4 PC/235 are covered. The manual is divided into a number of sections and appendices as described below: 1. Introduction This is a brief overview of the Apricot XEN which describes the options and major components of the system. 2. System unit This section describes the system unit.
  • Page 5 The following manufacturers data sheets give information on specific devices: Intel i486 82077 Floppy disk controller 82596 Ethernet coprocessor VLSI VL82C486 VL82C425 cache controller VL82C113A Cirrus CL-GD542X video controller National Semiconductor NS16450 Serial communications controller LMC1982 LMC835 Yamaha YMZ263 YMF262 YAC512 2 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 6 CONTENTS...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    General ........3/2 Description ........ 3/4 PERIPHERAL ITEMS 3.2 Processor system ....3/5 4.1 Power supply ......4/3 3.3 VL82C486 ........3/6 Output connectors ....4/4 Interrupt structure ....3/6 Direct Memory Access ... 3/8 System timers ......3/9 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 1...
  • Page 8 Revision D and E system boards HiVision Low Emission 17" Error beep codes colour ........4/35 Connector ....... 4/36 Configuration 4.8 Keyboard ........4/37 Introduction ......4/37 Operation ......... 4/37 Scan codes ....... 4/40 Connector ....... 4/46 2 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 9: Introduction

    INTRODUCTION Chapter 1...
  • Page 10 Introduction Contents INTRODUCTION General ........1/2 Drive bays ........1/4 Variants ........1/2 Keyboard ........1/4 System unit ......... 1/3 Monitors ........1/4 System board ......1/3 Expansion cards ......1/5 Power supply ......1/4 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 1/1...

  • Page 11: General

    Introduction General The XEN family is a range of ISA compatible desktop computers. The main features of the range are: • i486 processor running at external clock speeds of up to 33MHz. • 4 to 64 Mbytes of RAM. • One parallel and two serial ports.

  • Page 12: System Unit

    It utilizes carefully selected components to combine excellent performance and reliability. Processor The XEN can be fitted with any i486 processor with external clock speeds between 16 and 33 MHz. Note Systems equipped with the on-board Ethernet interface have a minimum clock speed of 25MHz.

  • Page 13: Power Supply

    Introduction Power supply The XEN is fitted with a 145W power supply capable of powering a fully configured system. The power supply can be set to operate from either a 240V or 110V AC mains supply. Drive bays Two drive bays are incorporated in the system unit.

  • Page 14: Expansion Cards

    AUDIO CONTROLLERS: SERIAL AND PARALLEL AUDIO PORTS: AUDIO SYSTEM: INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS CONTROLLER: CASELOCK EXPANSION OPTIONS CARDS ETHERNET INTERFACE: SECONDARY CACHE: LOC TECHNOLOGY: 3.5" DRIVEBAY AUDIO SYSTEM 5.25" DRIVE BAY LOUDSPEAKER LOUDSPEAKER FRONT BEZEL MOUSE KEYBOARD XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 1/5...

  • Page 15: System Unit

    SYSTEM UNIT Chapter 2...
  • Page 16 3.5" floppy drive ....2/12 Ethernet ........ 2/35 3.5" hard disk drive .... 2/13 Audio ........2/36 Front bezel ......2/13 PSU ........2/14 LED board ......2/16 Loudspeakers....... 2/16 System unit lock ....2/17 Side panels ......2/17 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/1...

  • Page 17: Introduction

    The system board contains all the processing and interface circuitry and up to 64 Mbytes of system RAM. 4 Mbytes of RAM is soldered to the system board and SIMMs can be fitted to increase the total amount of system RAM to 64 Mbytes. 2/2 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 18: System Unit Description

    A metal chassis and powder coated metal top cover form the basic structure to which other components are attached. Separate plastic front bezel and side panels attach to the front and either side of the chassis providing the distinctive appearance of the XEN range.

  • Page 19: Internal Layout

    The 5.25" drive tray supports one half height 5.25" device. System board The system board is a high performance ISA compatible board that provides all the processing and interface circuitry and up to 64 Mbytes of system RAM. 2/4 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 20: Dismantling Instructions

    Warnings and cautions The XEN range has been designed to meet all international safety standards. To ensure safety and continued compliance with these standards, observe the following precautions.

  • Page 21: System Board Connectors

    PL38 SLC CD-ROM PL36 System board power PL30 LED board PL16 CD-ROM audio Video disable jumper PL50 VESA PL21 ISA backplane PL31 CMOS discharge PL29 PL21 PL31 PL50 PL30 PL43 PL40 PL38 PL36 PL16 PL29 2/6 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 22: Dismantling And Reassembly

    They ensure good contact between the chassis and the cover and are necessary for compliance with international RFI emission standards. If any of the clips is damaged during removal or replacement of the top cover the system may no longer comply with these regulations. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/7...

  • Page 23: Drive Tray

    C O M P 3. From the illustration above, identify the four screws which secure the drive and remove them. 4. The tray can now be lifted clear. Replacement is simply the reverse of removal. 2/8 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 24: Expansion Cards

    With the bottom of the backplane to the left of the connector on the system board the backplane can be lowered far enough to be removed. Replacing the backplane is simply the reverse of removal. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/9...

  • Page 25: Card Guide Support

    2. Disconnect all system board cables. 3. Remove the nine screws that secure the system board. int l e SECURING SCREWS SECURING SCREWS 4. Remove the screwlocks on the ports on the rear of the system unit. 2/10 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 26: 3.5" Drive Bay

    Ethernet connector. 6. If the system board is fitted with Apricot Professional Audio remove the screwlocks on the MIDI connector on the left side of the system unit. 7. The system board can now be removed. In order for the connectors on the rear left edges of the board to clear the chassis the board must move forward and right.

  • Page 27: 3.5" Floppy Drive

    Warning Make sure you use screws of the correct length. If you use longer screws you may do irreparable damage to the drive. 2/12 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 28: Hard Disk Drive

    Front bezel Two variants of the front bezel have been used in the XEN range. Initial shipments were with a bezel which was secured by clips and double-sided tape, later units use a bezel secured by clips and two screws.

  • Page 29: Psu

    The XEN power supply is secured by four screws in the rear of the system unit and two inside the system unit.
  • Page 30 You must remember to reconnect the PSU earth lead to the chassis. Ensure that the system meets the following electrical safety tests: Earth bond resistance <0.1ohm excluding mains lead resistance Earth leakage current <3.5mA total Insulation resistance >2Mohms @ 500Vdc Dielectric strength 2.2kV for 6 seconds XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/15...

  • Page 31: Led Board

    Loudspeakers The XEN system unit provides mountings for two loudspeakers, one at each end of the front of the system unit. The left loudspeaker is mounted in front of the card guide support, the right one in front of the 3.5" drive bay. To remove the loudspeakers: 1.

  • Page 32: System Unit Lock

    The panels are each secured by four clips and can be removed by pushing the front of the four clips outwards with a small screwdriver and sliding the panel backwards. In order to remove the right panel you must first remove the system unit lock. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/17...

  • Page 33: Installing Add-Ons

    The XEN provides three slots for the installation of ISA compatible expansion cards. Installation of an expansion card in the XEN is a simple process requiring the removal of only the system unit cover and a blanking plate. The following instructions and illustrations describe how to install a card.
  • Page 34 5.25" drive tray then it is easiest to install it in the top slot. Warning The video feature connector on the Revision D XEN system board uses a non-standard pinout. In order to use this connector you need to make up a special cable.

  • Page 35: Memory

    Memory Configurations The XEN system board is fitted with 4 Mbytes of on-board memory, and sockets for two SIMMs (Single In-line Memory Modules). Each socket can be empty, or fitted with a SIMM of 4Mbyte (1Mx36), 8Mbyte (2Mx36), 16Mbyte (4Mx36) or 32Mbyte capacity.

  • Page 36: Installation

    1. The SIMM will only install in one orientation. There is a cutout at one end of the SIMM next to the connector strip. Hold the SIMM with the cutout on the right and metal connector strip nearest the system board. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/21...

  • Page 37: Processor Upgrades

    The next time you power the system up the SETUP utility will be invoked automatically. Processor upgrades The XEN system board is fitted with a processor socket that supports any Intel486SX, Intel487SX, Intel486DX, Intel486DX2 or OverDrive processor with a maximum external clock speed of 33MHz.
  • Page 38 1. Remove the system unit cover. 2. Identify the processor upgrade socket. UNOCCUPIED SOCKET OCCUPIED SOCKET int l e OVER If the socket is occupied you will have to remove the processor before you can install the upgrade processor. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/23...
  • Page 39 If necessary work your way round the processor two or three times. 7. Once the processor is free of its socket lift it out of the system unit and place it on the anti-static foam provided with the upgrade processor. 2/24 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 40: Installation

    UNOCCUPIED OVER HOLES ON EACH SIDE Warning If the processor is misaligned it will not go into the socket, and any attempt to force it will damage the processor, or the socket, or both. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/25...

  • Page 41: Configuring The System Board

    Configuring the The XEN system board supports a range of processor speeds and the upgrade socket system board supports a range of processor types. The system board clock speed and the upgrade socket are configured using four switches in a set of six by the socket.
  • Page 42 5. Having decided which selection you require check the positions of switches 2 and 3, and if necessary move them to the appropriate position. 6. Once you are satisfied that you have installed the upgrade and configured the system correctly, reassemble the system. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/27...

  • Page 43: 5.25" Drives

    System unit 5.25" drives The 5.25" drive tray in the XEN system unit can contain any half height 5.25" device. Apricot supplies a range of tape and CD-ROM drives, and a 5.25" floppy drive, for this tray. The following instructions describe the installation of a drive in the tray. The Generic instructions apply to all drives, and describe the physical installation of a drive.
  • Page 44 System unit 5. If necessary configure the drive. Drives supplied by Apricot will be correctly configured for installation in a XEN. For information on how Apricot-supplied drives are configured see the drive specific information following these installation instructions. 6. Identify the top and bottom of the drive.

  • Page 45: Floppy Or Irwin Ftd

    Cabling or Irwin FTD The 5.25" floppy and Irwin FTD drives supplied by Apricot come complete with a suitable signal cable. The signal cable must be connected between the signal connector on the rear of the drive, and the socket marked PL38 on the system board.

  • Page 46: 3.5" Hard Disk Drive

    Each SCSI drive is assigned an identity on the SCSI bus, these are known as SCSI IDs. All Apricot SCSI tape drives for XEN are supplied configured with SCSI ID 2. The SCSI CD-ROM drive is supplied configured with ID 5.

  • Page 47: Drive Configuration

    System unit Drive The XEN 3.5" drive bay supports two 1" high hard disk drives. In order for the drive configuration or drives to operate they must be correctly configured. The IDE interface supports a maximum of two drives. These drives are known as Master and Slave.

  • Page 48: System Unit Connectors

    Data carrier detect (COM1) Data carrier detect (COM2) Clear to send (COM2) Transmit data (COM2) Receive data (COM2) Request to send (COM2) Data terminal ready (COM1) Ring indicate (COM1) All other pins are not connected. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/33...

  • Page 49: Parallel Port

    Data bit 6 Ground Data bit 7 Ground Ack- Ground Busy Ground Ground SLCT Keyboard/mouse The keyboard and mouse connectors are both miniature 6-pin connectors DIN connectors. Signal name Data Reserved Ground +5Vdc Clock Reserved 2/34 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 50: Ethernet

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The unshielded twisted pair Ethernet port is an RJ45 connector. Function Transmit data + Transmit data - Receive data + Not used Not used Receive data - Not used Not used XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 2/35...
  • Page 51 The audio input connector is a standard 3.5mm socket. Input sensitivity is software controllable to suit a range of devices from a microphone to hi-fi equipment line outputs and personal stereo headphone outputs. Audio output The audio output connector is a standard 3.5mm stereo headphone socket. 2/36 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 52: System Board

    SYSTEM BOARD Chapter 3...
  • Page 53 Host IRQ14 ......3/13 connector ......... 3/26 Host IOCS16 ....... 3/13 Front panel connector ..3/26 Host ADDR 0-2 ....3/13 VESA connector ..... 3/26 Chip select 0, 1 ....3/13 Battery jumper ......3/27 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/1...

  • Page 54: Introduction

    This section describes the XEN system board and the operation of its processing system and interface circuits. The XEN range uses a highly integrated, IBM AT compatible system board. In addition to standard features, the XEN system board can provide: Ethernet interface, business or professional audio subsystem, LOC Technology security subsystem and a mouse port.
  • Page 55 SIMM SOCKET 1 Note The expansion ROM socket is never fitted to system boards without the on-board Ethernet port. It may not be fitted to some system boards which are equipped with the on-board Ethernet port. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/3...

  • Page 56: Description

    CPU. For clarity, timing and control signals are omitted. The block diagram is a functional description of the system board and does not identify specific chips. The XEN system board uses highly integrated components, reducing the chip count and the system board area, and increasing reliability.

  • Page 57: Processor System

    • multiprocessor support. The XEN system board has two processor sites. One site is used during manufacture to fit processors in Quad Flat Pack (QFP) packages. The second processor site is an upgrade site which supports a wide variety of i486 processors.

  • Page 58: Vl82C486

    System board VL82C486 The XEN system board is based on a VLSI VL82C486 single chip AT compatible chipset. The VL82C486 integrates the following standard AT system board peripheral logic in a single QFP package: • two 8237A DMA controllers •...

  • Page 59: List Of Hardware Interrupts

    Serial port 2 IRQ4 Serial port 1 IRQ5 SLC interface IRQ6 Floppy disk controller IRQ7 Parallel port Note IRQ0 and IRQ13 are used inside the VL82C486 chip and do not emerge for use on the system board. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/7...

  • Page 60: Direct Memory Access

    26-bit address. The bits 0-7 are taken directly from the 8237A address outputs, bits 8-15 are latched from the 8237A data outputs while bits 16-25 are from the appropriate DMA page register. 3/8 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 61: System Timers

    The system ROM contains the BIOS and the system board SETUP utility. It consists of a 1 Mbit EPROM arranged as 128 Kbytes of memory. It is addressed at the top of the first and last Megabyte of the processor address space and is not parity checked. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/9...

  • Page 62: Random Access Memory (Ram)

    VIDEO CONTROLLER General The video controller on the XEN system board is based on either a Cirrus Logic CL- GD5422 or 5426 chip. These chips contain all the elements of a VGA controller, except display memory, providing 100% compatibility with the IBM VGA standard.
  • Page 63 System board Note The video controller on the revision D XEN system board was based on the Cirrus Logic CL- GD5410 chip. A description is given in Appendix B. The video controller consists of the CL-GD542X, 1 Mbyte of display memory, a frequency synthesizer and a 7.6mA current reference.

  • Page 64: Floppy Disk Controller

    Two floppy connectors are fitted to the system board, one is always used for 3.5" floppy drive, the second can be connected to either a 5.25" floppy drive or an Irwin FTD. Illustrations and pinouts of the floppy drive connectors are given at the rear of this section. 3/12 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 65: Hard Disk And Slc Interfaces

    HARD DISK AND SLC INTERFACES General The hard disk drive connector fitted on the XEN system board is an IDE connector which conforms to the ATA interface standard. The SLC CD-ROM interface is an 8- bit interface which uses a very similar set of control signals.

  • Page 66: Peripherals Controller

    16-bit binary format. These divisor latches must be loaded during setup to ensure the correct operation of the baud-rate generator. When either of the divisor latches is loaded, a 16-bit baud counter is immediately loaded. This prevents long counts on the first load. 3/14 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 67: Parallel Port

    Real time clock data seconds alarm seconds minutes alarm minutes hours alarm hours day of week date month year status register A status register B status register C status register D Diagnostic Status Shutdown code XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/15...
  • Page 68 User defined drive 2 landing zone (low byte) User defined drive 2 landing zone (high byte) User defined drive 2 sectors per track checksum for 40-6Dh (high byte) checksum for 40-6Dh (low byte) 70-7F reserved 3/16 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 69 10=User defined Second fixed drive options (as first) Ethernet Type 00 = UTP Ethernet 01 = Thin Ethernet 10 = Thick Ethernet Boot options 00 = None/Local 01 = Ethernet RPL 10 = Option ROM XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/17...
  • Page 70 10-Right Mono Input Jack Sensitivity 000=CD (2Vrms) 001=LINE (775mVrms) 010=MIC2 (77.5mVrms) 011=MIC1 (7.75mVrms) - most sensitive Reserved Left master volume Left master volume Reserved Right master volume Right master volume Bass adjustment Tone control Treble adjustment 3/18 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 71: Keyboard Port

    I/O address hex 0064 is the command/status port. When the system reads port hex 0064 it receives status information from the keyboard controller. When the system writes to the port, the controller interprets the byte as a command. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/19...

  • Page 72: Loc Technology

    TPE controller. The 7997 interfaces between the thick and thin Ethernet cabling standards. The Ethernet cable type is selected using the XEN ROM based Setup utility. If the wrong type of connection is specified the Ethernet interface will be inoperative.

  • Page 73: 82596 Lan Coprocessor

    82503 automatically corrects the error by reversing the signals internally. 7997 The Ethernet transceiver chip acts as the interface between thick and thin Ethernet cabling standards, implementing the IEEE 802.3 10BASE2 standard. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/21...

  • Page 74: Professional Audio

    Apricot Professional Audio. Note Some models of XEN using the revision D system board offered a subset of the Professional Audio system. This was known as Apricot Business Audio and is described in Appendix B. 3/22 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 75: Ymz263 Multimedia Controller

    Each of the five sources has independent, software driven, 12-position level control. CD-ROM audio The CD-ROM interface integrated on all variants of the XEN system board includes an audio connector on audio variants. This audio input is connected to the LMC835 stereo mixer.

  • Page 76: System Board Connectors

    DMA request host data 4 ground ground host IRQ5 host data 3 ground ground host ADDR1 host data 2 ground ground host ADDR0 host data 1 ground ground chip select- host data 0 ground 3/24 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 77: Floppy Drive Connectors

    1 read data drive select 2 head select motor 1 disk change Note All other pins are connected to 0 Volts. Audio data Function Left channel Audio ground Audio ground Right channel XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/25...

  • Page 78: System Board Power Connector

    4 ground EDCLK- VSYNC pixel data 5 no connect No connect ground Note The revision D system board used a different pinout for the VESA connector. This pinout is given in Appendix B. 3/26 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 79: Battery Jumper

    If the jumper is moved to the position towards the rear of the system unit battery power to the system board is disconnected, and the CMOS RAM is discharged. The jumper is identified in the illustration on page 2/6. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3/27...

  • Page 80: Peripheral Items

    PERIPHERAL ITEMS Chapter 4...
  • Page 81 5.25" floppy drive ....4/13 Interface signals ....4/29 Description ......4/13 Connectors ......4/30 Disk formats ......4/14 Connectors ......4/14 Drive configuration .... 4/15 Drive variants ...... 4/15 Jumpers ......... 4/15 Interface signals ....... 4/17 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/1...
  • Page 82 External controls ....4/33 Scan code set 2 ....4/42 HiVision Low Emission 17" Scan code set 3 ....4/44 colour ........4/35 Connector ....... 4/46 External controls ....4/35 4.9 KeyLOC card ....4/47 Connector ....... 4/36 4/2 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 83: Power Supply

    5.25" drive tray. Notes 1. The 3.5" floppy drive fitted in all XEN models is a power-on-data model which does not require a separate DC power cable. 2. Additional DC power cables may be provided by the power supply, but they are not used in this application.

  • Page 84: Output Connectors

    HARD DISK DRIVES Introduction A variety of capacities of hard disk drives are available for the Apricot XEN range. All the drives are 1" high, 3.5" form factor using an IDE interface. The 85, 127 and 170 Mbyte drives are from the Quantum ProDrive ELS range, the 213 Mbyte drive is a Maxtor 7213A, the 240 Mbyte and 525 Mbyte drives are from the Quantum ProDrive LPS range.

  • Page 85: Quantum Prodrive Els

    01F7h. The function of these registers and their bit significance is given in section 5. Quantum ProDrive ELS The 85, 127 and 170 Mbyte hard disk drives that may be fitted in the XEN range are from the Quantum ProDrive ELS range. The drives have nominal access times of 17mS and can transfer data at up to 4.0 Mbytes per second.

  • Page 86: Maxtor 7213A

    Full information on configuring DisCache is given in the Quantum specification. Maxtor 7213A The 213 Mbyte hard disk drive that may be fitted in the XEN range is a Maxtor 7213A. It has a nominal access time of 15mS and can transfer data at up to 8.0 Mbytes per second.

  • Page 87: 240At

    Quantum LPS 240AT The 240 Mbyte hard disk drive that may be fitted in the XEN range is a Quantum ProDrive LPS 240AT. It has a nominal access time of 16mS and can transfer data at up to 5.0 Mbytes per second.

  • Page 88: Quantum Lps525A

    Full information on configuring DisCache is given in the Quantum specification. Quantum LPS525A The 525 Mbyte hard disk drive that may be fitted in the XEN range is a Quantum LPS525A. It has a nominal access time of 10mS and can transfer data at up to 5 Mbytes per second.

  • Page 89: Jumpers

    Do not attempt to perform a low level format on a ProDrive, this can only adversely affect the performance of your drive. If you do try to format your drive most standard low level formatting programs will return a “Drive formatted” message very quickly. In fact, the drive has not been formatted. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/9...

  • Page 90: Ide Interface

    Host IOCS16 Informs the system board that the drive data register has been enabled and the drive is prepared to perform a 16-bit I/O transfer. 4/10 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 91: Connectors

    0- host data 15 chip select 1- ground drive active- ground The pin layout of the connector is shown below. Power connector Function +12 Volts ground (for +12V) ground (for +5V) +5 Volts XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/11...

  • Page 92: Floppy Drives

    3.5" floppy drive Description The 3.5" floppy disk drive fitted in the XEN range is a high density double-sided, one inch high unit. The drive can read and write 3.5" inch discs with a formatted capacity of either 1.44Mbytes or 720 kbytes. The drive has a constant disk rotation speed of 300 rpm.

  • Page 93: Connector

    5.25" floppy drive Description The 5.25" floppy drive which may be fitted in the XEN range is a Panasonic JU-475. This is a half height, high density, double-sided unit which can read and write both 360 kbyte and 1.2 Mbyte 5.25" floppy disks.

  • Page 94: Disk Formats

    3 index drive select 0 drive select 1 drive select 2 motor on direction step write data write gate track 00 write protect read data head select disk change 4/14 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 95: Drive Configuration

    PCB. Three variants of the JU-475 have been shipped by Apricot, either installed in the XEN system unit, or as an add-in drive. The three variants each have different PCBs and a slightly different set of jumpers.
  • Page 96 One of the drive select jumpers, DS1 to DS4 is set on the drive to identify the drive to the system. The jumpers are located at the rear of the drive, next to the signal connector. The drive is normally configured with the drive select jumper in position 2. JU-475-3 JU-475-4 JU-475-5 4/16 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 97: Interface Signals

    This input selects the read/write head. If low, head 1 is selected, if high, head 0 is selected. Disk change This output is low whenever a disk is removed from the drive. It remains low until a disk is inserted, and the disk change reset signal has been received. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/17...

  • Page 98: Tape Drives

    TAPE DRIVES DAT drive The DAT drive available in XEN is an Archive Model 4520NT. This is a bulk storage device intended for use as a backup media. The drive uses helical scan technology to store up to 1.3 Gbytes of data on a cartridge.

  • Page 99: Drive Leds

    The drive is reading from or writing to the tape. Flashing A hardware fault has occurred. Note The drive may have attempted to read from or write to a tape when there is no cassette in the drive. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/19...

  • Page 100: Archive Scsi Tape Drives

    LED flashes Archive SCSI tape drives The 150 and 525 Mbyte tape drives which may be fitted in a XEN are Archive Model 2150S and 2525 respectively. These are 5.25" half height units with an on-board SCSI interface.
  • Page 101 DRIVE ID JUMPERS Jumper Function Comment Reserved Not fitted Reserved Not fitted Parity Enables parity checking, fitted Disconnect size Do not alter factory setting SCSI ID Binary selection of SCSI ID (Jumper 7 most significant) XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/21...

  • Page 102: Inserting And Removing

    Move the loading lever towards the cartridge aperture until the heads are extended into the cartridge cavity. Moisten the swab until it is saturated, but not dripping. Carefully wipe the swab horizontally across the head. 4/22 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 103: Irwin 285

    Irwin 285 Description The 120Mbyte tape drive which may be fitted in the 5.25" half height tray of the XEN range is an Irwin Model 285. This drive can be read and write cartridges of 80 and 120 Mbyte formatted capacity, and read cartridges of 40Mbyte formatted capacity. The tape drive interface is a standard SA450 5.25"...
  • Page 104 When the drive is selected and in format mode the line is pulsed low at the beginning and end of each data block. Index pulses are inhibited when the tape is in the servo area at each end of the tape. 4/24 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 105: Cd-Rom Drives

    CD-ROM DRIVES SLC CD-ROM drive The SLC CD-ROM drive which can be installed in the XEN range and use the system board SLC interface is a Sony CDU31A. This half height 5.25" drive may be installed in the 5.25" drive tray of the XEN system unit and connect to the SLC interface integrated on the XEN system board.

  • Page 106: Connectors

    DMA request host data 4 ground ground host IRQ5 host data 3 ground ground host ADDR1 host data 2 ground ground host ADDR0 host data 1 ground ground chip select host data 0 ground 4/26 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 107: Scsi Cd-Rom Drive

    The SCSI CD-ROM drive available for the XEN range is a Sony CDU561. This half height 5.25" drive may be installed in the 5.25" drive tray of the XEN system unit and connect to an ISA SCSI adapter in one of the XEN expansion slots.

  • Page 108: Adaptec Aha-1510 Scsi Controller

    The Adaptec AHA-1510 is a SCSI host adapter on half length ISA card based on Adaptecs AIC-6260 single chip SCSI controller. It is used in the XEN to control internal tape and CD-ROM drives. Two SCSI connectors are provided, an internal unshielded and an external shielded.

  • Page 109: Scsi Bus

    Select (-SEL) This signal selects a SCSI device. Used in conjunction with the appropriate SCSI ID bit. Busy (-BSY) The Busy signal indicates that the bus is in use. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/29...
  • Page 110 Function Function -DB0 Termination Power -DB1 Ground -DB2 Ground -DB3 -ATN -DB4 Ground -DB5 -BSY -DB6 -ACK -DB7 -RST -DBP -MSG Ground -SEL Ground -C/D Ground -REQ No connection -I/O 4/30 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 111: Monitors

    Peripheral items MONITORS Introduction Apricot supplies 14" colour SVGA, and 14" and 17" colour EVGA monitors. All Apricot SVGA and EVGA monitors described here are low emission monitors which are compliant with the MPR2 radiation legislation. These monitors are fully compatible with the adapter on the system board and may be used in any standard VGA display mode.

  • Page 112: Video Signal

    Video signal All the Apricot monitors can be used with any computer which supplies an analogue video signal with a 31.47kHz horizontal scan frequency. Because the monitors accept analogue video signals, an infinitely variable range of gray shades/colours may be displayed.

  • Page 113: Hivision Low Emission 14" Colour

    800x600 and 1024x768 resolutions. External controls On the front of the monitor are the power switch and brightness and contrast controls. The following illustration shows the controls on the front of the monitor. BRIGHTNESS CONTRAST CONTROL CONTROL XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/33...
  • Page 114 This control adjusts the horizontal position of the display area. Vertical size This control adjusts the overall height of the on screen image. Vertical position This control adjusts the vertical position of the display area. 4/34 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 115: Hivision Low Emission 17" Colour

    Avoid setting the brightness and contrast controls for an excessively bright display. If such a display is left on the screen for an extended period the screen phosphor may be damaged. On the left side of the monitor are horizontal and vertical size and position controls. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/35...

  • Page 116: Connector

    15 pin D-type connector. The pinout and details are given below. Function Green Blue No pin Self test Red rtn Green rtn Blue rtn No pin Digital Gnd Digital Gnd No pin Hsync Vsync No pin 4/36 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 117: Keyboard

    00h or FFh buffer overflow 83ABh identification byte Resend (FEh) The keyboard sends this command to the system unit if it receives an invalid command, or a command with bad parity. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/37...

  • Page 118: Commands From The System Unit

    Set typematic rate/delay Enable Default disable Set default Set all keys typematic Set all keys make/break Set all keys make only Set all keys typematic/make/break Set key to typematic Set key to make/break Resend Reset 4/38 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 119 D0 to D4 all set to 1, to 30 make codes per second, with bits D0 to D4 all set to 0. Delay Parameter The delay before the typematic operation comes into effect is shown in the table below: Delay 250mS 500mS 750mS 1000mS XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/39...

  • Page 120: Scan Codes

    90 95 100 105 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 91 96 101 92 97 102 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 93 98 103 4/40 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 121: Scan Code Set 1

    The codes are listed in the following table: Scan code set 1 Make Break Make Break Number Code Code Number Code Code E0 38 E0 B8 E0 1D E0 9D E0 35 E0 B5 E0 1C E0 9C XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/41...

  • Page 122: Scan Code Set 3

    The break code is sent when the key is released. The break codes are produced by sending F0h followed by the make code. Notice that some of the scan codes have additional codes to indicate the various shift states. 4/42 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 123 F0 34 F0 71 F0 33 F0 7B F0 3B F0 79 F0 42 E0 5A E0 F0 5A F0 4B F0 76 F0 4C F0 05 F0 52 F0 06 F0 5D F0 04 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/43...
  • Page 124 The keys are defined as typematic, make/break or make only. The type of key can be changed by using the set all keys command (F7, F8, F9, FA) to the keyboard from the system unit. 4/44 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 125 F0 33 Typematic F0 6B Make only F0 3B Typematic F0 69 Make only F0 42 Typematic F0 77 Make only F0 4B Typematic F0 75 Make only F0 4C Typematic F0 73 Make only XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 4/45...

  • Page 126: Connector

    F0 17 Make only Connector The keyboard is connected to the system unit via a 6-pin miniature DIN connector. The pinout and connector details are given below. Signal name Data Reserved Ground +5Vdc Clock Reserved 4/46 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 127: Keyloc Card

    KeyLOC CARD The KeyLOC card is a credit card sized unit which is used in conjunction with the Apricot LOC Technology software to control access to the computer and the data stored on it. The KeyLOC card consists of a plastic case and a small circuit board. The plastic case is in two halves and contains the circuit board and three small batteries.

  • Page 128: Memory And I/O Usage

    MEMORY AND I/O USAGE Chapter 5...
  • Page 129 CRT Controller registers . 5/28 Hard disk drive controller Graphics controller registers ........5/19 registers ......5/29 Joystick port ......5/20 Attribute controller Serial port controller registers 5/ registers ........ 5/30 CL-GD542X Extension registers ........5/31 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/1...

  • Page 130: Introduction

    BIOS is copied into RAM where it can be accessed faster. 2. The copy of the BIOS at 16M can be disabled using the SETUP utility. A more detailed description of the area between 768k and 1M (0C0000h and 100000h) is given overleaf. 5/2 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 131 128kbyte system ROM. After boot is completed only the video BIOS and system BIOS code is required. Thus, if the option ROM socket is empty, the region from C8000 to F4000 is available as UMB space for DOS. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/3...

  • Page 132: I/O Space

    Memory and I/O usage I/O SPACE The table below shows the general use of I/O space on the XEN system board. The pages which follow describe in more detail specific ports and groups of ports. Addresses (hex) Device 0000-000F Master DMA controller...

  • Page 133: Dma I/O Address Map

    Write request 00D4 Channel 4-7 Mask register (set/reset) 00D6 Channel 4-7 Mode register (write) 00D8 Clear byte pointer (write) 00DA Master clear (write) 00DC Channel 4-7 Clear mask register (write) 00DE Channel 4-7 Write mask register XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/5...

  • Page 134: Interrupt Controllers

    Write A write to port 064h has the following significance. enable keyboard interrupt reserved = 0 system flag reserved = 0 disable keyboard reserved = 0 keyboard translate mode reserved = 0 5/6 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 135: Port B

    Setting this bit to 1 enables speaker data. Setting this bit to 0 disables speaker data. Bit 2 Setting this bit to 0 enables Parity check. This bit is set to 1 during a system reset. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/7...

  • Page 136: Rtc Ram/Nmi Mask

    0071h. Bit 7 With this bit set to 1 Non-maskable interrupts (NMI) are enabled. With this bit set to 0 NMI is disabled. A system reset sets this bit to 0. 5/8 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 137 User defined drive 2 sectors per track Actual expanded memory (high byte) checksum for 40-6Dh (high byte) Century in BCD checksum for 40-6Dh (low byte) 33-37 Reserved 70-7F reserved 38-3E Power on password Byte checksum of bytes 38-3E XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/9...
  • Page 138 00h = VGA 01h = Not used (40 column colour) 02h = Not used (80 column colour) 03h = Not used (Monochrome) Reserved Pointing device 1 = Maths coprocessor installed 1 = Diskette drive available for boot 5/10 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 139 Right DAC volume Left FM synth volume FM synth volume Right FM synth volume Left PC beep volume PC Beep volume Right PC beep volume Left line input volume Line input volume Right line input volume XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/11...
  • Page 140 1 = Enable adapter C800 caching 1 = Enable adapter CC00 caching 1 = Enable adapter D000 caching 1 = Enable adapter D400 caching 1 = Enable adapter D800 caching 1 = Enable adapter DC00 caching 5/12 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 141: Port A

    Coprocessor busy register Coprocessor Reset register Slow CPU register Fast CPU register Configuration disable register (lock) Configuration enable register (unlock) Note Ports which are not specifically mentioned in the table are not used by the chipset. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/13...

  • Page 142: Configuration Index And Data Registers

    RTC register address - high byte 82C113A Keyboard controller port 82C113A ID and revision 82C113A Programmed memory region address 1 82C486 Programmed memory region enable 1 82C486 Programmed memory region address 2 82C486 Programmed memory region enable 2 82C486 5/14 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 143: Apricot Ports

    The system board has a build option to include an 8042 keyboard controller. When this bit is set to 1 the 8042 compatible keyboard controller integrated in the 82C113 is used. When set to 0 a physical 8042 has been fitted to the board. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/15...
  • Page 144 1 indicates that there is no SIMM. Bit 5 This bit indicates the presence of a SIMM in MM2. 0 indicates a SIMM is present, 1 indicates that there is no SIMM. Bits 6, 7 Reserved. 5/16 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 145 Clock (MHz) 33.3 Note At the time of writing the only valid clock frequencies are 25 and 33.3 MHz. The lower frequencies should never be selected. Bit 4 Reserved. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/17...
  • Page 146 When bit 0 is set to 0 the secondary cache (if fitted) is enabled. If set to 1 the secondary cache is disabled. Network physical interface Only bit 0 of each of these ports is used. They have the following effect: 525h Bit 0 524h Bit 0 Ethernet media Thick Thin 5/18 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 147: Hard Disk Drive Controller Registers

    Drive/head select register 01F7 Status register 01F7 Command register 03F6 Fixed disk status register 03F6 Fixed disk control register 03F7 Fixed/floppy disk digital input register These ports are defined in ANSI specification: ATA (AT attachment) X3T9.2/9-143. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/19...

  • Page 148: Joystick Port

    02FF Scratch register The registers are described in detail in the manufacturer's data sheets. Ethernet controller The Ethernet controller on the XEN system board uses a block of 17 I/O ports from 0300h to 0310h. Port Function 82596 PORT address...
  • Page 149 0 to bit 0 of 310h write to port 08Eh write a 1 to bit 0 of 310h write to port 08Eh write a 0 to bit 0 of 310h write to port 08Eh Bits 1-7 Reserved. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/21...

  • Page 150: Slc Cd-Rom Controller

    CDU31A programmers manual and is not repeated here. Professional audio The Apricot Professional audio subsystem occupies two blocks of 8 ports the first from 0388h to 038Fh is used by the YMZ263/YMF262 combination, the second from 0D20h to 0D27h controls the LMC835 and LMC1982.

  • Page 151: Lmc1982 And Lmc835

    Microphone/line input right CD-ROM right Control 1 right Control 2 right Note The four control channels must always be set to a fixed value, controlling the overall gain of the mixer the value is 40h. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/23...

  • Page 152: Floppy Disk Controller

    The Status Port is a read-only port. A read operation to this port presents the system micro-processor with the interrupt pending status of the connector pins as shown below. An interrupt is pending when the interrupt status bit is set to 0. reserved Error SLCT BUSY 5/24 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 153: Parallel Control Port

    1, the printer is selected. Bit 4 This bit enables the parallel port interrupt. When this bit is set to 1 an interrupt occurs when the acknowledge signal changes from active to inactive. Bits 5-7 Reserved XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/25...

  • Page 154: Video Dac

    Index register 03B4 03D4 CRT controller data register 03B5 Graphics controller registers Index register RWMC 03CE Other graphic registers RWMC 03CF Attribute controller registers Index register RWMC 03C0 Attribute controller data registers RWMC 03C0 03C1 5/26 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 155 Feature control register 03BA (WM) 03DA (WC) 03CA (RWMC) R - read W - Write M - monochrome C - colour These registers are standard VGA registers and are not described in further detail here. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/27...

  • Page 156: Sequencer Registers

    Register Address CRT controller index register 03B4h (RWM) 03D4h (RWC) CRT controller data register 03B5h (RWM) 03D5h (RWC) R - read W - write M - monochrome C - colour 5/28 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 157: Graphics Controller Registers

    Register Address Graphics controller index register 03CEh (RWMC) Graphics controller data register 03CFh (RWMC) R - read W - write M - monochrome C - colour XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/29...

  • Page 158: Registers

    The following table shows the index values and the registers that are accessed by them: Register Index Palette 00h to 0Fh Attribute mode control Overscan control Colour plane enable Horizontal pixel panning Colour select These are standard VGA registers and are not described in further detail here. 5/30 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 159: Cl-Gd542X Extension Registers

    Signature generator result (low byte) Signature generator result (high byte) VCLK0-3 denominator and post-scalar value 1B-1E BIOS ROM write enable and MCLK select * indicates that the register is present in the CL-GD5426, but not the CL-GD5422. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5/31...
  • Page 160 VGA standard. Note Revision D of the XEN system board is equipped with a CL-GD5410 video controller. This uses a different set of extension registers. Refer to Appendix B for further information.

  • Page 161: Specifications

    SPECIFICATIONS Appendix A...
  • Page 162 Size ............................14" Viewable ..........................13" Pitch ..........................0.26mm HiVision 17" Low Emission multi sync Width ..........................405 mm Height ..........................370 mm Depth ..........................480 mm Weight ..........................25.9 kg Resolution ....................1024x768 maximum XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE A/1...
  • Page 163 Width ........................... 101.6 mm Depth ........................... 150.0 mm Weight ..........................425 g Rotational speed ......................300 rpm Track density ........................135 TPI Cylinders ........................... 80 Tracks ............................. 160 R/W heads ..........................2 Encoding Method ....................... MFM A/2 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 164 Hard error rate ..................1 per 10 bits read Seek error rate ....................1 per 10 seeks Media life Number of passes per track ..................3.5 x 10 Number of media clamps ..................... 3 x 10 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE A/3...
  • Page 165 ..........................0.76A (max) Error rates Recovered data error rate ..............< 1 per 10 bits read Unrecoverable error rate ..............< 1 per 10 bits read Seek error rate ................... < 1 per 10 seeks A/4 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 166 Operating ..............10G with 11ms pulse width, half sine Non-operating ............70G with 11ms pulse width, half sine MTBF ....................150,000 power on hours Power +5V ± 5% ripple<100mV Current ........................0.3A typical +12V ± 8% ripple<100mV Current ..................0.25A (typical) 0.70A (max) XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE A/5...
  • Page 167 MTBF ....................250,000 power on hours Power consumption Idle ..........................<3.9 Watts 40% seek ........................<4.9 Watts Error rates Unrecoverable error rate ..............< 1 per 10 bits read Seek error rate ................... < 1 per 10 seeks A/6 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 168 Non-operating ............60G with 11ms pulse width, half sine MTBF ....................250,000 power on hours Power Current ................0.64A (average) 0.72A (maximum) Power ........................ 3.2W (average) +12V Current ..................0.70A (average) 2.0A (max) Power ........................8.4W average XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE A/7...
  • Page 169 Non-operating 0 to 90% RH Shock Operating ....................10g peak for 11mS Non-operating ................... 50g peak for 11mS Power +5V +/- 7% ripple<100mV +12V +/- 10% ripple<100mV Total Power = 8.5W average (Read/Write) MTBF ........................40,000 hours A/8 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 170 Disc diameter ..............120 mm or 80 mm (with adapter) Scanning velocity ....................1.2 - 1.4 m/sec Rotational speed ............... 530 - 230 rpm (normal) variable Latency (average) ............. 55 - 130 msec (normal) variable Blocks per rotation ..................8.4 - 19.5 variable XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE A/9...
  • Page 171 ..................171.1 Kbytes/sec Mode 2 (normal) Spin up time ....................... 1.5sec (typical) ........................10 sec (maximum) Spin down time ....................0.5sec (typical) ........................3.0 sec (maximum) Eject time ......................2.2 sec (typical) ........................7.0 sec (maximum) A/10 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 172 Error Rate ................1 in 10 bits read (corrected) MTBF ........................50000 hours Preventive Maintenance ..............Clean read/write head Shock (3 axis) Operating ..................5.0g (3 blows each axis) Non-operating ................60g (3 blows each axis) XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE A/11...
  • Page 173 Write Precompensation ............... 125 nanoseconds Tape speed ............... 43 inches/second (read/write) ....................63 inches/second (rewind/ff) Speed variations (maximum) Instantaneous ......................+/- 3.5% Long term ........................ +/- 1.5% Interface ..........................SA450 Media ....................3M DC2000 or Equivalent A/12 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...

  • Page 174: Revision D And E System Boards

    REVISION D AND E SYSTEM BOARDS Appendix B...
  • Page 175 Revision D and E System boards Introduction This manual describes the XEN fitted with a Revision F system board. During the first six months of production the XEN range was fitted with Revision D system boards. A batch of approximately 650 machines was produced with a Revision E system board.
  • Page 176 Revision D and E System boards CL-GD5410 based video controller The video adapter on revision D of the XEN system board is based on a Cirrus Logic CL-GD5410 chip. The CL-GD5410 contains all the elements of a VGA controller, except display memory, providing 100% compatibility with the IBM VGA standard.
  • Page 177 Reserved CA-DF System board Revisions E and F of the XEN system board provide a video disable jumper which is used video disable to disable the system board video controller when a video adapter card is installed in the system.
  • Page 178 Revision D of the XEN system board video adapter provides a video feature connector. The video feature connector on the Revision D of the XEN system board uses a non- standard pinout. If you wish to use the connector you will have to have special cable made up.

  • Page 179: Error Beep Codes

    ERROR BEEP CODES Appendix C...
  • Page 180 If a blank screen is obtained, check that power is applied to both the system unit and monitor. Check that all cables are properly connected and that the system is properly configured. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE C/1...
  • Page 181 Slave DMA register failure 3-1-2 Master DMA register failure 3-1-3 Master interrupt mask register failure 3-1-4 Slave interrupt mask register failure 3-2-4 Keyboard controller failure 3-3-4 Screen memory failure 3-4-1 Screen initialisation failure 3-4-2 Screen retrace test failure C/2 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 182 Error messages which appear on the screen are in text form, not error codes. The appropriate action can then be taken. For example: Error message Not a boot diskette - strike F1 to retry boot Action Insert correct disk and reboot XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE C/3...

  • Page 183: Configuration

    CONFIGURATION Appendix D...
  • Page 184 3 and 5 of this manual and the XEN Using SETUP and installing add-ons guide. Interrupts (IRQ) On the XEN system board interrupts are allocated to hardware in the priorities shown in the following table. Interrupt level...
  • Page 185 In this case IRQ15 is available for an expansion card. The hard disk controller can be disabled using SETUP in a XEN which is not equipped with a hard disk. In this case IRQ14 is available for an expansion card. Hard disk...

  • Page 186: Dma Channels

    Available Note 1. If Apricot Professional Audio (or Business Audio on Revision D system boards) is not fitted DMA channels 1 and 3 are always available. 2. The revision D system board always uses DMA channel 6. Revision E and F system boards do not use DMA channel 6.

  • Page 187: Memory Map

    Configuration Memory map The illustration below show the memory map of the XEN system board. 4000000h EXPANSION RAM I000000h SYSTEM BOARD ROM 16M-128k FE0000h EXPANSION RAM 100000h SYSTEM BOARD ROM 960k 0F0000h MEMORY 768k 0C0000h VIDEO RAM 0A0000h 640k SYSTEM BOARD RAM...
  • Page 188 128kbyte system ROM. After boot is completed only the video BIOS and system BIOS code is required. Thus, if the option ROM socket is empty, the region from C8000 to F4000 is available as UMB space for DOS. XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE D/5...
  • Page 189 Configuration I/O ports The following table lists the I/O ports used on the XEN system board. Refer to the table and the adapter card documentation to establish which ports, if any, to use and how to select them. Addresses (hex)
  • Page 190 INDEX...
  • Page 191 AHA-1510 SCSI controller 4/28 clip 2/8 air baffle 2/9 membrane 2/14 alternate extension decode register B/3 cabling AMD7997 3/20, 3/21 5.25" floppy 2/30 amplifier 3/23 Irwin FTD 2/30 anti-static 2/5 SCSI drives 2/32 Apricot extended CMOS 3/16, 5/9 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 1...
  • Page 192 3.5" hard disk drive 2/32 data AHA-1510 4/28 address port 5/24 data 3/16, 5/9 bus 4/30 registers chipset 5/13 register 3/15 SCSI drives 2/32 rotate register 5/30 memory 2/20 DC outputs 4/3 configuring processor socket 2/26 DCD 3/14 2 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 193 2/15, 4/3 front bezel 2/2, 2/3 enable 4/40 removing 2/13 I/O channel check 3/6 front panel I/O check 5/7 connector 3/26 keyboard interrupt 5/6 volume control 3/23 parity check 5/7 fuse power supply 4/3 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 3...
  • Page 194 IR detector 2/3 IOCS16 3/13, 4/10 IRQ EN 5/25 IOR 3/13, 4/10 Irwin 285 tape drive 1/2, 4/23 IOW 3/13, 4/10 FTD cabling 2/30 IRQ 3/13, 4/10 ISA 1/2 reset 3/13, 4/10 backplane connector 2/6 HRQ 3/8 4 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 195 AC power 2/3 mask registers 5/5 output master buffer full 5/7 clear registers 5/5 connector audio 2/36 drive 2/32 OverDrive 2/22 maximum scan line register 5/29 overflow register 5/29 Maxtor 4/4, 4/6 overscan control register 5/30 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 5...
  • Page 196 CD-ROM enable 5/19 fuse 4/3 character map select 5/28 power switch 2/3, 4/32, 4/34, 4/35 chipset 5/13 system unit 2/15 CL-GD542X extension 5/31 POWERGOOD 4/3 clear byte pointer 5/5 preset row scan register 5/29 clocking mode 5/28 6 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 197 3/14, 5/20 input sensitivity 5/24 scratch pad 5/31 input status 5/27 sequencer 5/26, 5/28 interlace 5/32 serial port controller 5/20 interrupt controller 5/6 serial port enable 5/19 interrupt enable 3/14, 5/20 set/reset 5/30 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 7...
  • Page 198 2/17 resend 4/37, 4/40 signature generator registers 5/31 reset 3/5, 4/29, 4/40 SIMM 1/3, 2/20 register 5/28 sockets 2/4, 3/2 resistors termination 4/18 SIN 3/2 revisions system board B/1 slave drive 2/32 RI 3/14 8 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 199 RAM disable register 5/18, 5/19 controller 3/10 revisions B/1 controller CL-GD5410 B/2 system unit 1/3 DAC registers 5/26 block diagram 1/5 disable jumper 2/6, 2/20, 3/12, B/3 connectors 2/33 video feature connector 2/19 lock removing 2/17 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE 9...
  • Page 200 LMC1982 3/23 width control 4/33 wrist strap 2/5 write data 4/17 gate 4/17 protect 4/17 protecting tapes 4/20, 4/22 request registers 5/5 YMF262 3/22, 3/23 registers 5/23 YMZ263 3/2, 3/22, 3/23 registers 5/23 10 XEN HARDWARE TECHNICAL REFERENCE...
  • Page 201 APRICOT COMPUTERS LIMITED 3500 PARKSIDE BIRMINGHAM BUSINESS PARK BIRMINGHAM B37 7YS MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC Part No 15092231 Revision No 01...

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