RFM HN 291D/X User Manual

Modbus radio

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HN 291D/X – HN294D/X

RS-232 Serial Modbus Radio

User's Guide

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Summary of Contents for RFM HN 291D/X

Page 1 HN 291D/X – HN294D/X RS-232 Serial Modbus Radio User’s Guide...
Page 2 Important Regulatory Information Cirronet Product FCC ID: HSW-910M IC 4492A-910M Note: This unit has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Introduction ........................1 HopNet Benefits ......................1 Operating Frequency ....................1 HopNet Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Advantages ........1 HopNet Data Integrity....................2 Flexible Power Management..................2 Advanced Features ...................... 2 The HopNet Family of Products ................... 3 Accessories......................
Page 4 Guidelines for Setting Up the Network ..............45 Guidelines for Selecting Your Site................45 Guidelines for Avoiding Terrain Obstructions ............. 46 Customer Support ...................... 47 Introduction ......................47 Technical Assistance ..................... 47 Factory Repairs...................... 47 Technical Specifications....................48 Electrical ........................ 48 Mechanical ......................
Page 5: Introduction
HN-291D Introduction The HopNet 910 family of products provides reliable wireless connectivity for either point-to-point or point-to-multipoint applications. HN-91 products are built around the WIT910 radio transceiver, which employs frequency hopping spread spectrum technology. This technology ensures: • Maximum resistance to noise •...
Page 6: Hopnet Data Integrity
HN-291D HopNet Data Integrity An on-board 512 byte buffer and error correcting over-the-air protocol ensure data integrity even in the presence of weak signals or jammers. The serial interface handles both data and control of asynchronous data rates of up to 115 Kbps. Flexible Power Management The power can be set at 10 mW, 100 mW or 500mW using the included software.
Page 7: The Hopnet Family Of Products
HN-291D The HopNet Family of Products The HopNet 910 family consists of the following products: HN-291 HN-291X HN-291D HN-294 HN-294X HN-291DX HN-294D HN-294DX HN-591 SNAP910 SNAP910X SNAP910D SNAP910DX Accessories Antennas 2dB Omnidirectional 5dB Omnidirectional 6dB Yagi 9dB Yagi Replacement Serial Adapter Replacement Power Supply ©...
Page 8: Getting Started
HN-291D Getting Started A pair of HopNet radios are set up by performing the following steps: • Install the HopNet Wizard configuration program on a PC • For X version radios, attach external antenna • Connect the HopNet radio to the PC •...
Page 9: Set One Hopnet Radio To Act As The Base
HN-291D …and the other end of the serial cable to the DIN rail serial adapter box. Connect the end of the cable (RJ-45 connector) from the HopNet radio to the DIN rail serial adapter box. NOTE: Make sure the RUN/CONFIG switch is in the CONFIG position. Connect power to the HopNet radio by plugging one end of the wall-mount power supply into the serial adapter box and the other end into a wall outlet.
Page 10 HN-291D The program will read and display the current settings of the HopNet radio. The HopNet radio is shipped from the factory as a Remote. The Remote button on the Wizard screen will appear depressed indicating the HopNet radio is a remote. NOTE: The S/N displayed in the bottom left corner is the serial number of the radio inside the unit and is different from the serial number of the HopNet unit.
Page 11: Run A Communications Test
HN-291D The Apply Settings button will appear at the bottom of the HopNet Configuration Wizard screen. Click on the Apply Settings button to set the HopNet radio as the base. Run a communications test. To run a communications test, connect one HopNet radio set as a base to one PC running the Wizard and another HopNet radio set as a remote to another PC running the Wizard.
Page 12: The Serial Adapter Box
HN-291D The Serial Adapter Box The HopNet radio remotes interface with the user’s hardware through a serial adapter box. The interface adapter supplies power and signal to the remote unit. The interface to the remote unit is a RS-232 male DB-9 serial interface. To have all functions of the HopNet radio available, including configuration and hardware flow control, the eight signal lines must be connected.
Page 13: Remote Pin-Out, Rs-232
HN-291D Remote Pin-Out, RS-232 Pin Number Signal Type Description Output Data Carrier Detect. For remotes, DCD indicates that the remote has successfully acquired the hopping pattern. Output Output for Received Serial data. (CONFIG) Input Input Serial Data to be transmitted (RUN) Input Input Serial Data to be transmitted...
Page 14: Guidelines For Installation
HN-291D Guidelines for Installation When installing your system, always consider the following points: Directional antennas are best for remote unit sites. They may increase the cost, but they confine the transmission path to a narrow lobe and minimize the interference from nearby stations.
Page 15: Configuring The Network
HN-291D Configuring the Network You can configure the HopNet network using a PC and the HopNet Configuration Wizard software provided by Cirronet, Inc. The Wizard runs under Windows 98/NT/2000/XP. This chapter provides the information you need to configure your network. HopNet Configuration Wizard (5.0 or later) If you haven’t already installed the Wizard program, refer to the Getting Started section of this manual for instructions.
Page 16 HN-291D NOTE: The S/N displayed in the bottom left corner is the serial number of the radio inside the unit and is different from the serial number of the HopNet unit. Both the HopNet unit serial number and the radio serial number are on the radio unit of the HopNet product.
Page 17: About The Init.ini File
HN-291D About the INIT.INI File One of the files unpacked with the program is the INIT.INI file. It contains the entries below and an explanation has been included on how each parameter may be used. ErrorLevel=0 Leave this value as is. Only change it at the request of Cirronet Tech Support. BiDirectionalHigh=55 BiDirectionalMedium=40 ReceiveHigh=55...
Page 18: Parameters Tab
HN-291D Parameters Tab The Wizard program opens the main screen with the Parameters Tab displayed. The parameters screen of the Wizard allows the following variables to be set; 1. Base or Remote 2. Point-to-Point or Multipoint 3. Baud rate 4. Network number 5.
Page 19 HN-291D Modbus mode is selected to prevent Modbus errors from occurring due to inter- character gaps that are too long. Refer to the section, Modbus Operation for details on this mode. Network Number This parameter is also known as Set Hopping and is the same command as .(Refer to “Configuration Commands”...
Page 20 HN-291D Lockout Key This parameter is the same as and allows further network segregation beyond the network number. This feature allows multiple co-located networks in which global roaming is enabled. By using different lockout keys, the bases to which remotes link can be limited or segregated.
Page 21 HN-291D When the radio is linked to another radio, a communications test can be run by clicking on the Send Data button (shown below) on both radios. The remote radio’s Transmit Data window (above left) will display the message, “This is a test message from the Base radio”, which will repeat until the Stop button is pressed (on the base radio’s HN Wizard main screen).
Page 22 HN-291D Network Tab Clicking on the Network tab will bring up a second configuration screen. From this screen it is possible to change the dwell time at which the HopNet radio hops, set a minimum number of bytes of data the radio must receive before it will transmit, set a maximum amount of time the radio will wait to receive the minimum number of bytes before transmitting what is in the radio’s buffer and set the number of times the radio will repeat a transmission that is not acknowledged before...
Page 23 HN-291D Set Data Transmit Delay Essentially this is the command and when used in conjunction with the minimum data length parameter, sets the amount of time from the receipt of a first byte of data from the host until the radio will transmit in transparent mode. Default is which causes transmission to occur without any delay.
Page 24 HN-291D Set Packet Retries This is the command and if ARQ Mode is set to 0, it sets the number of times the radio will attempt to send an unsuccessful transmission before discarding it. If ARQ Mode is set to 1, it is the number of times every transmission will be sent, regardless of success or failure of a given attempt.
Page 25 HN-291D Protocol Tab The Protocol tab brings up the configuration screen above. On the next page are descriptions of the commands/parameters that are available for modification. © 2000- 2004 Cirronet™ Inc M-0910-0002 Rev B...
Page 26 HN-291D Set Radio Power Setting ( ) up by Set the Frequency Operating Range clicking on a selection. ² ) by clicking on the drop-down Note: This list will change depending menu and making a selection. ¹ on which radio is being used. Set Maximum Number of Remotes Select the Distance from Base ( ) from1 to 62.
Page 27: Rf Tools
HN-291D RF Tools Clicking on the RF Tools tab brings up a screen that allows the receive signal strength to be monitored and the link quality to be observed. Range Optimization may be grayed out on certain radios. NOTE: RF Tools only work on HopNet radios operating as remote radios. The radio must be linked with its base radio for the functions on this screen to work.
Page 28 HN-291D Click on OK and the Select Connect Range screen will appear. Click on the estimated distance between radios and click OK. A bar will appear showing the progress of Range Optimization. Once the process has completed, the Range Optimization radio button will clear and the Done radio button will fill in indicating that adjustment factor has been applied.
Page 29 HN-291D Receive and Bi-Directional Transmissions The Receive Only function displays the percentage success rate for receiving transmissions from the base. This is an indication of how well the remote HopNet radio “hears” the base. The Bi-Directional function provides a round-trip success rate. That is, the base must successfully receive data from the remote and the remote must successfully receive data from the base.
Page 30 HN-291D The bars will change color depending on the level of the signal received. The points at which they change color have been set in the .INI file, default setting for RSSIMarginal is -60 whereas the default setting for RSSIPoor is -80. Therefore any bars rising above the -60 level will display green.
Page 31: Wincom Window
HN-291D WinCom Window Normally, the WinCom Window is not displayed and no tab will appear to the right of the RF Tools tab. To display the WinCom tab, place the cursor in any hot field and press the CTRL+F10 key. Clicking on the WinCom tab will display the following screen. When first initialized, WinCom will automatically put the radio in Config Mode and two prompts will display as shown above.
Page 32 HN-291D NOTE: If the banner does not display, check the Banner Display Disable command zb0) which may have been enabled The COM port and baud rate can be changed using the drop down menus on the bottom right. All the available COM ports will be listed in the menu but will have OK or N/A designated.
Page 33 HN-291D If an invalid command or value is entered, the radio will respond with “Error” as shown above Until the command to save the parameters ( ) is issued, the new parameters will m> only be valid until power is cycled or DTR is toggled by pressing the F1 key twice. New parameter values that have been issued are saved to non-volatile memory using the “m>”...
Page 34: Function Keys
HN-291D The Clear Screen button deletes all the text in the display window. The Clear CTS and Clear DCD buttons reset the respective changes counters to zero. Function Keys All of the function key shortcuts are described below: Toggles state of DTR (Sleep). State is shown in status line.
Page 35: Restart
HN-291D Restart The Restart button on the Wizard causes the program to start the radio search and parameter load process again without shutting the program down. This is particularly useful when USB-to-RS-232 adapters are used that prevent the Wizard from detecting that a radio has been disconnected from the computer running the Wizard.
Page 36: Automatic Addressing
HN-291D When sending the Modbus packets wirelessly, messages can be split into two transmissions from the sending radio. If one transmission must be re-transmitted, the inter-character gap can be exceeded causing a Modbus error. To prevent this from happening, the HopNet radios use an additional packetization scheme encapsulating the Modbus packet.
Page 37: Serial Commands
HN-291D Serial Commands These commands affect the serial interface between the modem and the host. The default settings are 9600 bps and protocol mode 0. Additional serial communications options, such as parity and data bits, may be selected through the Modbus Adapter Commands.
Page 38: Network Commands
HN-291D Network Commands Network commands are used to set up a HopNet network and to set radio addressing and configuration. Command Description wb[?|0|1] Set Transceiver Mode 0 = remote (default) 1 = base station wd[?|1-3f] Set Default Handle (base only) Used to override automatic handle assignment by the base station 00H = default 3FH = broadcast mode...
Page 39 HN-291D Enable Global Network Mode For networks with multiple base stations, remotes are ordinarily only able to link to one base station, set by the hopping pattern. Mode 1 enables the global mode that allows remotes to link to any base station they can hear, acquiring whatever hop pattern is required.
Page 40 HN-291D Protocol Commands These commands can be used to tune the transceiver for optimum transmission of data across the RF link. For most applications, the default values are adequate. Command Description pe[?|0-1] Set Alternative Frequency Band 0 = 902.5MHz to 926.2MHz (default) 1 = 902.5MHz to 924.4MHz ph[?|00-fe] Set Hop Duration...
Page 41 HN-291D Set Hop Duration Sets the length of time the transceiver spends on each frequency channel. A smaller value will allow the remote to lock on to the base signal faster at system startup, and will generally decrease packet latency. A larger value increases network capacity, due to decreased overhead in channel switching.
Page 42 HN-291D Set Data Transmit Delay When used in conjunction with the minimum data length parameter, this sets the amount of time from the receipt of a first byte of data from the host until the radio will transmit in transparent mode. Default is 00H which causes transmission to occur without any delay.
Page 43: Status Commands
HN-291D Status Commands These commands deal with general interface aspects of the operation of the HopNet. Command Description zb[?|0|1] Banner Display Disable 0 = disabled 1 = enabled (default) zc[?|0..2] Set Escape Sequence Mode 0 = disabled 1 = once after reset 2 = unlimited times (default) Read factory serial number high byte.
Page 44: Memory Commands
HN-291D Memory Commands The user is able to store a configuration in nonvolatile memory, which is loaded during the initialization period every time the radio is powered up. Note that changes to the serial port baud rate- from recalling the factory defaults or recalling memory - will not take effect until DTR is toggled or power to the radio is cycled.
Page 45: Modbus Adapter Commands
HN-291D Modbus Adapter Commands When in Modbus mode, the following commands are available via WinCom24. Command Description qp[0|1] Protocol Mode 0 = Transparent mode. Non-Modbus mode 1 = Modbus mode. Supports encapsulation of data to ensure continuous send-out on receiver side. Also supports the learning of Modbus addresses.
Page 46: Modem Command Summary
HN-291D Modem Command Summary Serial Commands Set Data Rate Divisor sd[?|02..ff] Set Protocol Mode sp[?|00..14] Network Commands Set Transceiver Mode wb[?|0|1] Set Default Handle wd[?|1..3f] Set Hopping Pattern wn[?|00..1f] Enable Global Network Modes wg[?|0|1] Set Transmit Power wp[?|0|1|2] Read Receive Signal Strength (remote only) Set Point-to-Point Direct Mode wu[?|0|1] Protocol Commands...
Page 47: Troubleshooting
HN-291D Troubleshooting Overview Introduction Troubleshooting the HopNet products is not difficult, but it does require a logical approach. It is best to begin troubleshooting at the base station because the rest of the system synchronizes to it. If the base station has problems, the entire network will be compromised.
Page 48: Common System Problems
HN-291D Common System Problems The following table offers suggestions for resolving some common system problems that the operator may experience from the radio system. If problems persist, contact the factory for further assistance. Problem System Checks Unit is inoperative 1. Check for proper DC voltage at the power connector.
Page 49: Guidelines For Reducing Interference
HN-291D Guidelines for Reducing Interference Introduction The transceivers share the same frequency spectrum with other services and other Part 15 devices in the US. Because of this, you may not achieve 100 percent of rated throughput in a given location due to retransmissions. However, you should not experience any data loss or erroneous data.
Page 50: Guidelines For Avoiding Terrain Obstructions
HN-291D Guidelines for Avoiding Terrain Obstructions Pay attention to signal attenuation from obstructions such as terrain, foliage, buildings and anything else in the transmission path. Use the following guidelines to avoid terrain obstructions: • A line-of-sight transmission path between the base and the associated remote sites provides for the longest range transmission path.
Page 51: Customer Support
HN-291D Customer Support Introduction Cirronet, Inc. products are designed for long life and trouble free operation. The following information is provided if servicing becomes necessary. Technical Assistance Technical assistance for Cirronet products is available during the hours of 9:00 A.M – 5:30 P.M.
Page 52: Technical Specifications
HN-291D Technical Specifications Refer to the tables below for the technical specifications for the HopNet radio Remotes. Electrical Product HN-291D/HN-294D HN-291DX/HN-294DX Transmitter FCC ID HSW-910M Transmit Power EIRP: +10 dBm Nominal EIRP: +20 dBm Nominal (Default) EIRP: +27 dBm Nominal Hopping Patterns User configurable, 32 patterns (networks) available Number of Channels...
Page 53: Mechanical
HN-291D Mechanical Component DIN-Rail Serial Adapter Radio Assembly Case ABS Plastic UV Stablilized Polycarbonate, NEMA 4X, IP 66 Size 5.1 in. x 3.1 in. x 1.4 in. 130mm x 80mm x 35mm Weight 1.75 lb (including cable) 794 g Data Connector DB-9 Female Interconnect Cable RJ-45...
Page 54: Glossary Of Terms
HN-291D Glossary of Terms Refer to the following list of terms that may be unfamiliar to you. These terms are used throughout this document. Term Definition Automatic Repeat Request. The operation in which the radio will re-send the data until it is received correctly. asynchronous A form of communications that uses a start bit at the beginning of each data word and a stop bit at the end of each data word.
Page 55 HN-291D Industrial, Scientific, or Medical band operating at 2.4 GHz. Allows use of a radio without a license, but the equipment must be immune to interference from other users in the band and approved for use in the intended country. Latency The delay between when data is received on TX until it is output on RX.
Page 56: Warranty
HN-291D Warranty Seller warrants solely to Buyer that the goods delivered hereunder shall be free from defects in materials and workmanship, when given normal, proper and intended usage, for twelve (12) months from the date of delivery to Buyer. Seller agrees to repair or replace at its option and without cost to Buyer all defective goods sold hereunder, provided that Buyer has given Seller written notice of such warranty claim within such warranty period.

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