Page 1 Dell PowerConnect 8024, 8024F, 8132, 8132F, 8164, and 8164F Switch User’s Configuration Guide Regulatory Models: PC8024, PC8024F, PC8132, PC8132F, PC8164, PC8164F...
Page 2: Notes And Cautions
Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this publication to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. Dell Inc. disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Contents Introduction ..... . . About This Document ....Audience .
Page 4 Single IP Management ....Automatic Firmware Update for New Stack Members ..... . Master Failover with Transparent Transition .
Page 5 Jumbo Frames Support ....Auto-MDI/MDIX Support ....VLAN-Aware MAC-based Switching ..Back Pressure Support .
Page 6 Multiple Spanning Tree ....Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) Guard ..BPDU Filtering ....Link Aggregation Features .
Page 7 ......PowerConnect 8024 Front Panel ..
Page 8 Using Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator ....About Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator ..Starting the Application ....
Page 9 Understanding Command Modes ... . Entering CLI Commands ....Using the Question Mark to Get Help .
Page 10 Dynamic Host Name Mapping ..Configuring Basic Network Information (CLI) ..Enabling the DHCP Client on the OOB Port ..Enabling the DHCP Client on the Default VLAN .
Page 11 Default Stacking Values ....Managing and Monitoring the Stack (Web) ..Unit Configuration ....Stack Summary .
Page 12 Authentication ..... Authorization ..... . Exec Authorization Capabilities .
Page 13 Using TACACS+ Servers to Control Management Access ......Which TACACS+ Attributes Does the Switch Support? .
Page 14 RAM Log ..... Log File ..... . Remote Log Server .
Page 15 CLI Banner ..... SDM Template Preference ... . . Clock .
Page 16 Default SNMP Values ....Configuring SNMP (Web) ....SNMP Global Parameters .
Page 17 What Factors Should Be Considered When Managing Files? ....How Is the Running Configuration Saved? ..Managing Images and Files (Web) .
Page 18 How Does USB Auto Configuration Use the Files on the USB Device? ... . . What Is the Setup File Format? ..What Is the DHCP Auto Configuration Process? .
Page 19 sFlow Poll Configuration ....Interface Statistics ....Etherlike Statistics ....GVRP Statistics .
Page 20 ....How Does iSCSI Optimization Interact With Dell EqualLogic Arrays? ....What Occurs When iSCSI Optimization Is Enabled or Disabled? .
Page 21 What Factors Should Be Considered When Designing and Configuring a Captive Portal? . . . How Does Captive Portal Work? ..What Captive Portal Pages Can Be Customized? ....Default Captive Portal Behavior and Settings .
Page 22 19 Configuring Port Characteristics ..Port Overview ..... What Physical Port Characteristics Can Be Configured? .
Page 23 How Does the Authentication Server Assign DiffServ Filters? ....What is the Internal Authentication Server? ..Default 802.1X Values .
Page 24 IPv6 ACL Rule Configuration ... ACL Binding Configuration ... . Time Range Entry Configuration ..Configuring ACLs (CLI) .
Page 25 VLAN Configuration Examples ... . . Configuring VLANs Using Dell OpenManage Administrator ....
Page 26 MSTP with Multiple Forwarding Paths ..What are the Optional STP Features? ..Default STP Values ....Configuring Spanning Tree (Web) .
Page 27 Default IDSP and LLDP Values ... . . Configuring ISDP and LLDP (Web) ... . ISDP Global Configuration ... . . ISDP Cache Table .
Page 28 What are Protected Ports? ... . What is Link Local Protocol Filtering? ..Default Port-Based Traffic Control Values ..Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (Web) .
Page 29 Topologies Where the Multicast Source Is Not Directly Connected to the Querier ..Using Static Multicast MAC Configuration ..IGMP Snooping and GMRP ... . . Default L2 Multicast Values .
Page 30 Configuring GARP Timers and GMRP ..Case Study on a Real-World Network Topology . . . Multicast Snooping Case Study ..27 Snooping and Inspecting Traffic .
Page 31 DAI ACL Rule Configuration ... . DAI Statistics ....Configuring Traffic Snooping and Inspection (CLI) .
Page 32 Configuring LACP Parameters ..Link Aggregation Configuration Examples ..Configuring Dynamic LAGs ... . Configuring Static LAGs .
Page 33 Commands ..... ETS Configuration Example ... . . ETS Theory of Operation .
Page 34 VLAN Routing Summary ... . . Tunnel Configuration ....Tunnels Summary ....Loopbacks Configuration .
Page 35 DHCP Server Configuration Examples ..Configuring a Dynamic Address Pool ..Configuring a Static Address Pool ..33 Configuring IP Routing .
Page 36 34 Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features ......L2 and L3 Relay Overview ....What Is L3 DHCP Relay? .
Page 37 OSPF Feature Details ....Max Metric ..... Static Area Range Cost .
Page 38 OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Configuration . . . OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Summary ..NSF OSPFv3 Configuration ... . Configuring OSPF Features (CLI) ... . Configuring Global OSPF Settings .
Page 39 36 Configuring RIP 1031 ....RIP Overview 1031 ..... . How Does RIP Determine Route Information? 1031...
Page 40 Default VRRP Values 1049 ....Configuring VRRP Features (Web) 1050 ... VRRP Configuration 1050 .
Page 41 Configuring IPv6 Routing Features (CLI) 1083 ..Configuring Global IP Routing Settings 1083 ..Configuring IPv6 Interface Settings 1084 ..Configuring IPv6 Neighbor Discovery 1085 .
Page 42 Configuring a DHCPv6 Pool for Specific Hosts 1106 ..... . . Configuring DHCPv6 Interface Information 1107 ..Monitoring DHCPv6 Information 1108 .
Page 43 DiffServ Class Configuration for IPv6 1131 ..DiffServ Policy Creation 1132 ... . . DiffServ Policy Attributes Configuration 1133 ..DiffServ Service Configuration 1135 .
Page 44 Configuring Interface Queue Drop Probability 1156 ..... CoS Configuration Example 1157 ....42 Configuring Auto VoIP 1161 .
Page 45 Default L3 Multicast Values 1185 ....Configuring General IPv4 Multicast Features (Web) 1187 ..... Multicast Global Configuration 1187 .
Page 46 MLD Proxy Configuration Summary 1211 ..MLD Proxy Interface Membership Information 1212 ....Detailed MLD Proxy Interface Membership Information 1213 .
Page 47 Configuring and Viewing PIM-DM for IPv6 Multicast Routing 1242 ....Configuring and Viewing PIM-SM for IPv4 Multicast Routing 1244 ....Configuring and Viewing PIM-SM for IPv6 Multicast Routing 1246...
Page 48 Contents...
Page 49: Introduction
Introduction The Dell PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches are stackable Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches that extend the Dell PowerConnect LAN switching product range. NOTE: Throughout this document, the PowerConnect 8024 and 8024F switches are referred to as the PowerConnect 8000-series switches, and the PowerConnect 8132, 8132F, 8164, 8164F switches are referred to as the PowerConnect 8100-series switches.
Page 50: Audience
Audience This guide is for network administrators in charge of managing one or more PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches. To obtain the greatest benefit from this guide, you should have a basic understanding of Ethernet networks and local area network (LAN) concepts. Document Conventions Table 1-1 describes the typographical conventions this document uses.
Page 51: Additional Documentation
Additional Documentation The following documents for the PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches are available at support.dell.com/manuals: Getting Started Guide— provides information about the switch models in • the series, including front and back panel features. It also describes the installation and initial configuration procedures.
Page 52 Introduction...
Page 53: Switch Features
Switch Features This section describes the switch user-configurable software features. NOTE: Before proceeding, read the release notes for this product. The release notes are part of the firmware download. The topics covered in this section include: • System Management • Link Aggregation Features Features •...
Page 54: System Management Features
Multiple Management Options You can use any of the following methods to manage the switch: • Use a web browser to access the Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator interface. The switch contains an embedded Web server that serves HTML pages. •...
Page 55: Log Messages
Log Messages The switch maintains in-memory log messages as well as persistent logs. You can also configure remote logging so that the switch sends log messages to a remote log server. You can also configure the switch to send log messages to a configured SMTP server.
Page 56: Integrated Dhcp Server
Integrated DHCP Server PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches include an integrated DHCP server that can deliver host-specific configuration information to hosts on the network. The switch DHCP server allows you to configure IP address pools (scopes), and when a host’s DHCP client requests an address, the switch DHCP server automatically assigns the host an address from the pool.
Page 57: File Management
File Management You can upload and download files such as configuration files and system images by using HTTP (web only), TFTP , Secure FTP (SFTP), or Secure Copy (SCP). Configuration file uploads from the switch to a server are a good way to back up the switch configuration.
Page 58: Sflow
sFlow sFlow is the standard for monitoring high-speed switched and routed networks. sFlow technology is built into network equipment and gives complete visibility into network activity, enabling effective management and control of network resources. The PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches support sFlow version 5. For information about configuring managing sFlow settings, see "Monitoring Switch Traffic"...
Page 59: Stacking Features
Stacking Features For information about creating and maintaining a stack of switches, see "Managing a Switch Stack" on page 143. High Port Count You can stack PowerConnect 8000-series and 8100-series switches up to six switches high, supporting up to 132 front-panel ports on the PC8024 series and up to 336 front panel ports on a stack of six PC8164 series, when two ports on each unit are configured as stacking ports.
Page 60: Master Failover With Transparent Transition
Master Failover with Transparent Transition standby The stacking feature supports a or backup unit that assumes the stack master role if the stack master fails. As soon as a stack master failure is detected, the standby unit initializes the control plane and enables all other stack units with the current configuration.
Page 61: Password-Protected Management Access
For information about configuring access and authentication profiles, see "Configuring Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting" on page 179. Password-Protected Management Access Access to the Web, CLI, and SNMP management interfaces is password protected, and there are no default users on the system. For information about configuring local user accounts, see "Configuring Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting"...
Page 62: Ssh/Ssl
SSH/SSL The switch supports Secure Shell (SSH) for secure, remote connections to the CLI and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) to increase security when accessing the web-based management interface. For information about configuring SSH and SSL settings, see "Configuring Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting" on page 179. Inbound Telnet Control You can configure the switch to prevent new Telnet sessions from being established with the switch.
Page 63: Captive Portal
• Dynamic ARP Inspection: By default, if Dynamic ARP Inspection packets are received on a port at a rate that exceeds 15 pps for 1 second, the port will be diagnostically disabled. The threshold is configurable up to 300 pps and the burst is configurable up to 15s long using the ip arp inspection limit command.
Page 64: Dot1X Monitor Mode
Dot1x Monitor Mode Monitor mode can be enabled in conjunction with Dot1x authentication to allow network access even when the user fails to authenticate. The switch logs the results of the authentication process for diagnostic purposes. The main purpose of this mode is to help troubleshoot the configuration of a Dot1x authentication on the switch without affecting the network access to the users of the switch.
Page 65: Time-Based Acls
Time-Based ACLs With the Time-based ACL feature, you can define when an ACL is in effect and the amount of time it is in effect. For information about configuring time-based ACLs, see "Configuring Access Control Lists" on page 513. IP Source Guard (IPSG) IP source guard (IPSG) is a security feature that filters IP packets based on the source ID.
Page 66: Protected Ports (Private Vlan Edge)
Cell Buffer Pool (CBP) memory. AFS, which is also known as cut-through mode, is configurable through the command-line interface. For information about how to configure the AFS CLI Reference Guide feature, see the available at support.dell.com/manuals. Switch Features...
Page 67: Jumbo Frames Support
Jumbo Frames Support Jumbo frames enable transporting data in fewer frames to ensure less overhead, lower processing time, and fewer interrupts. For information about configuring the port MTU, see "Configuring Port Characteristics" on page 451. Auto-MDI/MDIX Support Your switch supports auto-detection between crossed and straight-through cables.
Page 68: Auto Negotiation
Auto Negotiation Auto negotiation allows the switch to advertise modes of operation. The auto negotiation function provides the means to exchange information between two switches that share a point-to-point link segment, and to automatically configure both switches to take maximum advantage of their transmission capabilities.
Page 69: Static And Dynamic Mac Address Tables
Static and Dynamic MAC Address Tables You can add static entries to the switch’s MAC address table and configure the aging time for entries in the dynamic MAC address table. You can also search for entries in the dynamic table based on several different criteria. For information about viewing and managing the MAC address table, see "Managing the MAC Address Table"...
Page 70: Data Center Bridging Exchange (Dbcx) Protocol
For information about configuring the PFC feature, see "Configuring Data Center Bridging Features" on page 809. Data Center Bridging Exchange (DBCx) Protocol The Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx) is used by DCB devices to exchange configuration information with directly connected peers. The protocol is also used to detect misconfiguration of the peer DCB devices and, optionally, for configuration of peer DCB devices.
Page 71: Cisco Protocol Filtering
Cisco Protocol Filtering The Cisco Protocol Filtering feature (also known as Link Local Protocol Filtering) filters Cisco protocols that should not normally be relayed by a bridge. The group addresses of these Cisco protocols do not fall within the IEEE defined range of the 802.1D MAC Bridge Filtered MAC Group Addresses (01-80-C2-00-00-00 to 01-80-C2-00-00-0F).
Page 72: Ip Subnet-Based Vlan
IP Subnet-based VLAN This feature allows incoming untagged packets to be assigned to a VLAN and traffic class based on the source IP address of the packet. MAC-based VLAN This feature allows incoming untagged packets to be assigned to a VLAN and traffic class based on the source MAC address of the packet.
Page 73: Guest Vlan
Guest VLAN The Guest VLAN feature allows a switch to provide a distinguished service to unauthenticated users. This feature provides a mechanism to allow visitors and contractors to have network access to reach external network with no ability to browse information on the internal LAN. For information about configuring the Guest VLAN see "Configuring Port and System Security"...
Page 74: Spanning Tree Protocol Features
Spanning Tree Protocol Features For information about configuring Spanning Tree Protocol features, see "Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol" on page 619. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1D) is a standard requirement of Layer 2 switches that allows bridges to automatically prevent and resolve L2 forwarding loops.
Page 75: Bridge Protocol Data Unit (Bpdu) Guard
Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) Guard Spanning Tree BPDU Guard is used to disable the port in case a new device tries to enter the already existing topology of STP. Thus devices, which were originally not a part of STP, are not allowed to influence the STP topology. BPDU Filtering When spanning tree is disabled on a port, the BPDU Filtering feature allows BPDU packets received on that port to be dropped.
Page 76 achievable between a given pair of systems. LACP automatically determines, configures, binds, and monitors the binding of ports to aggregators within the system. Switch Features...
Page 77: Routing Features
Routing Features Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Table Management You can create static ARP entries and manage many settings for the dynamic ARP table, such as age time for entries, retries, and cache size. For information about managing the ARP table, see "Configuring IP Routing" on page 895.
Page 78: Bootp/Dhcp Relay Agent
BOOTP/DHCP Relay Agent The switch BootP/DHCP Relay Agent feature relays BootP and DHCP messages between DHCP clients and DHCP servers that are located in different IP subnets. For information about configuring the BootP/DHCP Relay agent, see "Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features" on page 919. IP Helper and UDP Relay The IP Helper and UDP Relay features provide the ability to relay various protocols to servers on a different subnet.
Page 79: Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (Vrrp)
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) VRRP provides hosts with redundant routers in the network topology without any need for the hosts to reconfigure or know that there are multiple routers. If the primary (master) router fails, a secondary router assumes control and continues to use the virtual router IP (VRIP) address.
Page 80: Ipv6 Routes
IPv6 Routes Because IPv4 and IPv6 can coexist on a network, the router on such a network needs to forward both traffic types. Given this coexistence, each switch maintains a separate routing table for IPv6 routes. The switch can forward IPv4 and IPv6 traffic over the same set of interfaces.
Page 81: Quality Of Service (Qos) Features
Quality of Service (QoS) Features NOTE: Some features that can affect QoS, such as ACLs and Voice VLAN, are described in other sections within this chapter. Differentiated Services (DiffServ) The QoS Differentiated Services (DiffServ) feature allows traffic to be classified into streams and given certain QoS treatment in accordance with defined per-hop behaviors.
Page 82: Internet Small Computer System Interface (Iscsi) Optimization
Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) Optimization The iSCSI Optimization feature helps network administrators track iSCSI traffic between iSCSI initiator and target systems. This is accomplished by monitoring, or snooping traffic to detect packets used by iSCSI stations in establishing iSCSI sessions and connections. Data from these exchanges may optionally be used to create classification rules to assign the traffic between the stations to a configured traffic class.
Page 83: Igmp Snooping Querier
IGMP Snooping Querier When Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) and IGMP are enabled in a network with IP multicast routing, the IP multicast router acts as the IGMP querier. However, if it is desirable to keep the multicast network Layer 2 switched only, the IGMP Snooping Querier can perform the query functions of a Layer 3 multicast router.
Page 84: Layer 3 Multicast Features
Layer 3 Multicast Features For information about configuring L3 multicast features, see "Managing IPv4 and IPv6 Multicast" on page 1167. Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) exchanges probe packets with all DVMRP-enabled routers, establishing two way neighboring relationships and building a neighbor table.
Page 85: Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode
Protocol Independent Multicast—Sparse Mode Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) is used to efficiently route multicast traffic to multicast groups that may span wide area networks, and where bandwidth is a constraint. PIM-SM uses shared trees by default and implements source-based trees for efficiency. This data threshold rate is used to toggle between trees.
Page 86 Switch Features...
Page 87: Hardware Overview
The following sections describe the ports on the front panel of each switch. PowerConnect 8024 Front Panel The PowerConnect 8024 front panel provides 24 100M/1G/10GBase-T ports, four of which are combined with SFP/SFP+ ports. Figure 3-1. PowerConnect 8024 Front Panel...
Page 88: Powerconnect 8024F Front Panel
• RJ-45 ports support full-duplex mode 100/1000/10000 Mbps. • PowerConnect 8024 switches can be stacked using the 10G SFP+ fiber ports. The 10G ports default to Ethernet mode and must be configured to be used as stacking ports. PowerConnect 8024F Front Panel The PowerConnect 8024F front panel provides 24 SFP/SFP+ ports, four of which are combined with 100M/1G/10GBase-T ports.
Page 89: Powerconnect 8132 Front Panel
PowerConnect 8132 Front Panel The PowerConnect 8132 front panel provides the following ports: • 24 x 10GbE copper ports • A USB port. See "USB Port (Power Connect 8100-series switches only)" on page 94. • A module bay that supports the following modules: –...
Page 90: Powerconnect 8164 Front Panel
– 4 x SFP+ module – 4 x 10GBaseT module. See "Hot-Pluggable Interface Modules" on page 92 for details about these modules. Figure 3-4. PowerConnect 8132F Front Panel 10GbE Fiber Ports Module bay USB port PowerConnect 8132F switches can be stacked with other PowerConnect 81xx switches using 10G or 40G SFP+ or QSFP modules in the module bay.
Page 91: Powerconnect 8164F Front Panel
Figure 3-5. PowerConnect 8164 Front Panel Module bay USB port Fixed QSFP 10GbE Copper Ports ports PowerConnect 8164 switches can be stacked with other PowerConnect 81xx switches using the 10G or 40G SFP+ or QSFP modules in the module bay or fixed QSFP ports.
Page 92: Hot-Pluggable Interface Modules
PC8100-10GBT - 4 x 10GBase-T ports module - defaults to 4x10G mode • Blank module - defaults to 10G mode NOTE: The PowerConnect 8024 and 8024F switches do not support hot-swappable plug-in modules. A reboot is necessary when a hot-pluggable module is replaced with a module of different type.
Page 93 If a no slot command is not issued prior to inserting a module, a message such as the following will appear: Card Mismatch: Unit:1 Slot:1 Inserted-Card: Dell 2 Port QSFP Expansion Card Config-Card: Dell 4 Port 10GBase-T Expansion Card The following sections provides details on each module.
Page 94: Usb Port (Power Connect 8100-Series Switches Only)
USB Port (Power Connect 8100-series switches only) The Type-A, female USB port supports a USB 2.0-compliant flash memory drive. The PowerConnect switch can read or write to a flash drive formatted as FAT-32. You can use a USB flash drive to copy switch configuration files and images between the USB flash drive and the switch.
Page 95 The following image show the back panel of the PowerConnect 8000-series switches. Figure 3-7. PowerConnect PC8000-Series Back Panel RJ-45 serial console port AC power OOB Ethernet port Fans (3) AC power The following image show the back panel of the PowerConnect 8100-series switches.
Page 96: Console Port
Console Port The console port is for management through a serial interface. This port provides a direct connection to the switch and allows you to access the CLI from a console terminal connected to the port through the provided serial cable (RJ-45 to female DB-9 connectors).
Page 97: Led Definitions
LED Definitions This section describes the LEDs on the front and back panels of the switch. Port LEDs Each port on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch includes two LEDs. One LED is on the left side of the port, and the second LED is on the right side of the port.
Page 98: Module Bay Leds
Module Bay LEDs The following tables describe the purpose of each of the module bay LEDs when SFP+, 10GBase-T, QSFP , and stacking modules are used. Table 3-2. SFP+ Module LED Definitions Color Definition Link LED There is no link. Solid green The port is operating at 10 Gbps.
Page 99: Out-Of-Band Ethernet Management Port Leds
Out-of-Band Ethernet Management Port LEDs Table 3-5 shows the LED definitions for the OOB Ethernet management port. Table 3-5. OOB Ethernet Management Port LED Definitions Color Definition Link LED There is no link. Solid green The port is operating at 1000 Mbps. Solid amber The port is operating at 10/100 Mbps.
Page 100: Switch Addresses
Table 3-7 shows the System LED definitions for the 8100-series switches. Table 3-7. System LED Definitions—PowerConnect 8100-Series Switches Color Definition System Blinking blue The switch is booting Solid red A critical system error has occurred. Blinking red A noncritical system error occurred (fan or power supply failure).
Page 101: The Switch
Shown below are three commands that display the MAC addresses used by the switch: console#show system System Description: Dell Ethernet Switch System Up Time: 0 days, 00h:05m:11s System Contact: System Name: System Location: Burned In MAC Address: 001E.C9F0.004D System Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.674.10895.3042...
Page 102 console#show ip interface out-of-band IP Address........10.27.21.29 Subnet Mask........255.255.252.0 Default Gateway........ 10.27.20.1 Configured IPv4 Protocol....... DHCP Burned In MAC Address......001E.C9F0.004E console#show ip interface vlan 1 Routing Interface Status....... Down Primary IP Address......1.1.1.2/255.255.255.0 Method......... Manual Routing Mode........Enable Administrative Mode......
Page 103: Using Dell Openmanage Switch
• Defining Fields About Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator is a web-based tool to help you manage and monitor a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. Table 4-1 lists the web browsers that are compatible with Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator. The browsers have been tested on a PC running the Microsoft Windows operating system.
Page 104: Starting The Application
Starting the Application To access the Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator and log on to the switch: 1 Open a web browser. 2 Enter the IP address of the switch in the address bar and press <Enter>. For information about assigning an IP address to a switch, see "Setting the IP Address and Other Basic Network Information"...
Page 105: Understanding The Interface
4 Click Submit. 5 The Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator home page displays. The home page is the Device Information page, which contains a graphical representation of the front panel of the switch. For more information about the home page, see "Device Information" on page 210.
Page 106 Save, Print, Refresh, Help Configuration and Status Options Command Button Using the Switch Administrator Buttons and Links Table 4-2 describes the buttons and links available from the Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator interface. Table 4-2. Button and Link Descriptions Button or Link Description...
Page 107: Defining Fields
Defining Fields User-defined fields can contain 1 159 characters, unless otherwise noted on – the Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator web page. All characters may be used except for the following: • • •...
Page 108: Understanding The Device View
The graphic provides information about switch ports and system health. Figure 4-3. PowerConnect 8024 Device View Using the Device View Port Features The switching-port coloring indicates if a port is currently active. Green indicates that the port has a link, red indicates that an error has occurred on the port, and blue indicates that the link is down.
Page 109: Using The Command-Line Interface
For more information about creating a serial connection, see the Getting Started Guide available at support.dell.com/manuals. 1 Connect the DB-9 connector of the supplied serial cable to a management station, and connect the RJ-45 connector to the switch console port.
Page 110: Telnet Connection
3 Configure the management station serial port with the following settings: • Data rate — 9600 baud. • Data format — 8 data bits • Parity — None • Stop bits — 1 • Flow control — None 4 Power on the switch. After the boot process completes, the console>...
Page 111: Understanding Command Modes
Understanding Command Modes The CLI groups commands into modes according to the command function. Each of the command modes supports specific software commands. The commands in one mode are not available until you switch to that particular mode, with the exception of the User EXEC mode commands. You can execute the User EXEC mode commands in the Privileged EXEC mode.
Page 112 Table 5-1. Command Mode Overview Command Mode Access Method Command Prompt Exit or Access Previous Mode User EXEC The user is logout console> automatically in User EXEC mode unless the user is defined as a privileged user. Privileged EXEC From User Use the exit console# EXEC mode,...
Page 113: Entering Cli Commands
Entering CLI Commands The switch CLI uses several techniques to help you enter commands. Using the Question Mark to Get Help Enter a question mark (?) at the command prompt to display the commands available in the current mode. console(config-vlan)#? exit To exit from the mode.
Page 114: Using Command Completion
You can also enter a question mark (?) after typing one or more characters of a word to list the available command or parameters that begin with the letters, as shown in the following example: console#show po? policy-map port ports Using Command Completion The CLI can complete partially entered commands when you press the <Tab>...
Page 115: Understanding Error Messages
Understanding Error Messages If you enter a command and the system is unable to execute it, an error message appears. Table 5-2 describes the most common CLI error messages. Table 5-2. CLI Error Messages Message Text Description Indicates that you entered an incorrect or % Invalid input unavailable command.
Page 116 Table 5-3. History Buffer Navigation Keyword Source or Destination Up-arrow key Recalls commands in the history buffer, beginning with the most recent command. Repeats the key sequence to recall successively <Ctrl>+<P> older commands. Down-arrow key Returns to more recent commands in the history buffer after recalling commands with the up-arrow key.
Page 117: Default Settings
Default Settings This section describes the default settings for many of the software features on the PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches. Table 6-1. Default Settings Feature Default IP address None Subnet mask None Default gateway None DHCP client Enabled on out-of-band (OOB) interface. VLAN 1 Members All switch ports SDM template...
Page 118 Table 6-1. Default Settings (Continued) Feature Default SNMP Traps Enabled Auto Configuration Enabled Auto Save Disabled Stacking Enabled Nonstop Forwarding on the Stack Enabled sFlow Enabled ISDP Enabled (Versions 1 and 2) RMON Enabled TACACS+ Not configured RADIUS Not configured SSH/SSL Disabled Telnet...
Page 119 Table 6-1. Default Settings (Continued) Feature Default Broadcast Storm Control Disabled Port Mirroring Disabled LLDP Enabled LLDP-MED Disabled MAC Table Address Aging 300 seconds (Dynamic Addresses) Cisco Protocol Filtering (LLPF) No protocols are blocked DHCP Layer 2 Relay Disabled Default VLAN ID Default VLAN Name Default GVRP...
Page 120 Table 6-1. Default Settings (Continued) Feature Default IP Helper and UDP Relay Enabled Enabled VRRP Disabled Tunnel and Loopback Interfaces None IPv6 Routing Disabled DHCPv6 Disabled OSPFv3 Enabled DiffServ Enabled Auto VoIP Disabled Auto VoIP Traffic Class Disabled; no classifications configured. DCBx version Auto detect FIP snooping...
Page 121: Setting The Ip Address And Other
Setting the IP Address and Other Basic Network Information This chapter describes how to configure basic network information for the switch, such as the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. The topics in this chapter include: • IP Address and Network Information Overview •...
Page 122: Why Is Basic Network Information Needed
IP addresses. Default Domain Name Identifies your network, such as dell.com. If you enter a hostname and do not include the domain name information, the default domain name is automatically appended to the hostname.
Page 123: How Is Basic Network Information Configured
You must use a console-port connection to perform the initial switch configuration. When you boot the switch for the first time and the configuration file is empty, the Dell Easy Setup Wizard starts. The Dell Easy Setup Wizard is a CLI-based tool to help you perform the initial switch configuration.
Page 124 Dell recommends that you use the OOB port for remote management. The following list highlights some advantages of using OOB management instead of in-band management: •...
Page 125: Default Network Information
notification, the switch will reduce the MSS. However, many firewalls block ICMP Destination Unreachable messages, which causes the destination to request the packet again until the connection times out. In order to resolve this issue, you can reduce the MSS setting to a more appropriate value on the local host or alternatively, you can set the MTU on the PowerConnect management port to a smaller value.
Page 126: Configuring Basic Network Information (Web)
Configuring Basic Network Information (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring basic network information on the PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. Out-of-Band Interface Use the Out of Band Interface page to assign the Out of Band Interface IP address and subnet mask or to enable/disable the DHCP client for address...
Page 127: Ip Interface Configuration (Default Vlan Ip Address)
IP Interface Configuration (Default VLAN IP Address) Use the IP Interface Configuration page to assign the Default VLAN IP address and Subnet Mask, the Default Gateway IP address, and to assign the boot protocol. To display the IP Interface Configuration page, click Routing → IP → IP Interface Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 128: Route Entry Configuration (Switch Default Gateway)
4 If you select Manual for the configuration method, specify the IP Address and Subnet Mask in the appropriate fields. 5 Click Apply. NOTE: You do not need to configure any additional fields on the page. For information about VLAN routing interfaces, see "Configuring Routing Interfaces" on page 855.
Page 129 Configuring a Default Gateway for the Switch: To configure the switch default gateway: 1 Open the Route Entry Configuration page. 2 From the Route Type field, select Default. Figure 7-4. Default Route Configuration (Default VLAN) 3 In the Next Hop IP Address field, enter the IP address of the default gateway.
Page 130: Domain Name Server
Domain Name Server Use the Domain Name Server page to configure the IP address of the DNS server. The switch uses the DNS server to translate hostnames into IP addresses. To display the Domain Name Server page, click System → IP Addressing → Domain Name Server in the navigation panel.
Page 131: Default Domain Name
Default Domain Name Use the Default Domain Name page to configure the domain name the switch adds to a local (unqualified) hostname. To display the Default Domain Name page, click System → IP Addressing → Default Domain Name in the navigation panel. Figure 7-7.
Page 132: Host Name Mapping
Host Name Mapping Use the Host Name Mapping page to assign an IP address to a static host name. The Host Name Mapping page provides one IP address per host. To display the Host Name Mapping page, click System → IP Addressing → Host Name Mapping.
Page 133: Dynamic Host Name Mapping
The switch learns hosts dynamically by using the configured DNS server to resolve a hostname. For example, if you ping www.dell.com from the CLI, the switch uses the DNS server to lookup the IP address of dell.com and adds the entry to the Dynamic Host Name Mapping table.
Page 134: Configuring Basic Network Information (Cli)
PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For PowerConnect more information about these commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Enabling the DHCP Client on the OOB Port Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to enable the DHCP client on the OOB port.
Page 135: Managing Dhcp Leases
Managing DHCP Leases Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to manage and troubleshoot DHCP leases on the switch. Command Purpose interface release dhcp Force the DHCPv4 client to release a leased address on the specified interface. interface renew dhcp Force the DHCP client to immediately renew an IPv4 address lease.
Page 136: Configuring Static Network Information On The Oob Port
Configuring Static Network Information on the OOB Port Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure a static IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway on the OOB port. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. interface out-of-band Enter Interface Configuration mode for the OOB port.
Page 137: Configuring And Viewing Additional Network Information
Configuring and Viewing Additional Network Information Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure a DNS server, the default domain name, and a static host name-to- address entry. Use the show commands to verify configured information and to view dynamic host name mappings.
Page 138: Basic Network Information Configuration Example
Basic Network Information Configuration Example In this example, an administrator at a Dell office in California decides not to use the Dell Easy Setup Wizard to perform the initial switch configuration. The administrator configures a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch to obtain its information from a DHCP server on the network and creates the administrative user with read/write access.
Page 139 Default Gateway....10.27.22.1 Protocol Current....DHCP Burned In MAC Address.... 001E.C9AA.AA08 5 View additional network information. console#show hosts Host name: Default domain: sunny.dell.com dell.com Name/address lookup is enabled Name servers (Preference order): 10.27.138.20, 10.27.138.21 Configured host name-to-address mapping: Host Addresses...
Page 140 Setting Basic Network Information...
Page 141: Managing Qsfp Ports
Managing QSFP Ports QSFP ports can operate in 1 x 40G mode or in 4 x 10G mode. Appropriate cables must be used that match the selected mode. When changing from one mode to another, a switch reboot is required. The QSFP ports also support stacking over the interfaces in either 1 x 40G or 4 x 10G mode.
Page 142 To change a 4 x 10G port to 1 x 40G mode, enter the following commands on the 40-gigabit interface: console(config)#interface Fo2/1/1 console(config-if-Fo2/1/1)#hardware profile portmode 1x40g This command will not take effect until the switch is rebooted. console(config-if-Fo1/1/2)#do reload Are you sure you want to reload the stack? (y/n) Attempting to change the port mode on the tengigabit interface will give the error “An invalid interface has been used for this function.”...
Page 143: Managing A Switch Stack
Up to six PowerConnect 8024/8024F units can be stacked together using the 10G SFP+ fiber ports only. In other words, the copper 10 GbaseT ports on the PC8024/PC8024F units cannot be used for stacking.
Page 144 The startup configuration and backup configuration on the stack members are not overwritten with the master switch configuration. Dell strongly recommends connecting the stack in a ring topology so that each switch is connected to two other switches. Managing a Switch Stack...
Page 145: Creating A Powerconnect 8000/8100 Series Stack
Connecting switches in a ring topology allows the stack to utilize the redundant communication path to each switch. If a switch in a ring topology fails, the stack can automatically establish a new communications path to the other switches. Switches not stacked in a ring topology may split into multiple independent stacks upon the failure of a single switch or stacking link.
Page 146: How Is The Stack Master Selected
Add additional cables (of the same speed) in parallel to achieve the desired stacking bandwidth. Figure 9-1. Connecting a Stack of PowerConnect 8024/8024F Switches SFP+ Ports Configured as...
Page 147 2 The switch has the higher MAC address. 3 A unit is selected as standby by the administrator, and a fail over action is manually initiated or occurs due to stack master failure. In most cases, a switch that is added to an existing stack will become a stack member, and not the stack master.
Page 148: Adding A Switch To The Stack
Adding a Switch to the Stack When adding a new member to a stack, make sure that only the stack cables, and no network cables, are connected before powering up the new unit. Stack port configuration is stored on the member units. If stacking over Ethernet ports, configure the ports on the unit to be added to the stack as stacking ports and power the unit off prior to connecting the stacking cables.
Page 149: How Is The Firmware Updated On The Stack
The main point to remember when you remove a unit from the stack is to disconnect all the links on the stack member to be removed. Also, be sure to take the following actions: • Remove all the STP participating ports and wait to stabilize the STP. •...
Page 150: What Is Nonstop Forwarding
When the failed master resumes normal operation, it joins the stack as a member (not a master) if the new stack master has already been elected. The stack master copies its running configuration to the standby unit whenever it changes (subject to some restrictions to reduce overhead). This enables the standby unit to take over the stack operation with minimal interruption if the stack master becomes unavailable.
Page 151 3 A protocol may simply restart after the failover if neighbors react slowly enough that they will not normally detect the outage. The NSF feature enables the stack master unit to synchronize the running- config within 60 seconds after a configuration change has been made. However, if a lot of configuration changes happen concurrently, NSF uses a back-off mechanism to reduce the load on the switch.
Page 152 NOTE: The switch cannot guarantee that a backup unit has exactly the same data that the stack master has when it fails. For example, the stack master might fail before the checkpoint service gets data to the backup if an event occurs shortly before a failover.
Page 153: Switch Stack Mac Addressing And Stack Design Considerations
Switch Stack MAC Addressing and Stack Design Considerations The switch stack uses the MAC addresses assigned to the stack master. NOTE: Each switch is assigned three consecutive MAC addresses. The switch uses the MAC addresses for the service port, network port, and routing interfaces.
Page 154: Why Is Stacking Needed
If your switch stack performs VLAN routing, another way to take advantage of NSF is to configure multiple “best paths” to the same destination on different stack members. If a unit fails, the forwarding plane removes Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP) next hops on the failed unit from all unicast forwarding table entries.
Page 155: Managing And Monitoring The Stack (Web)
Managing and Monitoring the Stack (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring stacking on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. NOTE: The changes you make to the Stacking configuration pages take effect only after the device is reset.
Page 156 Changing the ID or Switch Type for a Stack Member To change the switch ID or type: 1 Open the Unit Configuration page. 2 Click Add to display the Add Unit page. Figure 9-3. Add Remote Log Server Settings 3 Specify the switch ID, and select the model number of the switch. 4 Click Apply.
Page 157: Stack Summary
Stack Summary Use the Stack Summary page to view a summary of switches participating in the stack. To display the Stack Summary page, click System → Stack Management → Stack Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 9-4. Stack Summary Managing a Switch Stack...
Page 158: Stack Firmware Synchronization
Stack Firmware Synchronization Use the Stack Firmware Synchronization page to control whether the firmware image on a new stack member can be automatically upgraded or downgraded to match the firmware image of the stack master. To display the Stack Firmware Synchronization page, click System → Stack Management →...
Page 159: Supported Switches
Supported Switches Use the Supported Switches page to view information regarding each type of supported switch for stacking, and information regarding the supported switches. To display the Supported Switches page, click System → Stack Management → Supported Switches in the navigation panel. Figure 9-6.
Page 160: Stack Port Summary
Stack Port Summary Use the Stack Port Summary page to configure the stack-port mode and to view information about the stackable ports. This screen displays the unit, the stackable interface, the configured mode of the interface, the running mode as well as the link status and link speed of the stackable port. NOTE: By default the ports are configured to operate as Ethernet ports.
Page 161: Stack Port Counters
Stack Port Counters Use the Stack Port Counters page to view the transmitted and received statistics, including data rate and error rate. To display the Stack Port Counters page, click System → Stack Management → Stack Point Counters in the navigation panel. Figure 9-8.
Page 162: Nsf Summary
NSF Summary Use the NSF Summary page to change the administrative status of the NSF feature and to view NSF information. NOTE: The OSPF feature uses NSF to enable the hardware to continue forwarding IPv4 packets using OSPF routes while a backup unit takes over stack master responsibility.
Page 163: Checkpoint Statistics
Checkpoint Statistics Use the Checkpoint Statistics page to view information about checkpoint messages generated by the stack master. To display the Checkpoint Statistics page, click System → Stack Management → Checkpoint Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 9-10. Checkpoint Statistics Managing a Switch Stack...
Page 164: Managing The Stack (Cli)
For more information PowerConnect about these commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Stack Member, Stack Port, and NSF Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure stacking and NSF settings.
Page 165 Command Purpose unit SID member Add a switch to the stack and specify the model of the new stack member. unit • - The switch unit ID • - The index into the database of the supported switch types, indicating the type of the switch being preconfigured.
Page 166: Viewing And Clearing Stacking And Nsf Information
Viewing and Clearing Stacking and NSF Information Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to view stacking information and to clear NSF statistics. Command Purpose stack- show switch [ View information about all stack members or the specified member-number] member.
Page 167: Basic Failover
• NSF and the Storage Access Network • NSF and Routed Access Basic Failover In this example, the stack has four members that are connected in a ring topology, as Figure 9-11 shows. Figure 9-11. Basic Stack Failover When all four units are up and running, the show switch CLI command gives the following output: console#show switch Management...
Page 168 At this point, if Unit 2 is powered off or rebooted due to an unexpected failure, show switch gives the following output: console#show switch Management Standby Preconfig Plugged- Switch Code Status Status Model ID in Model Status Version --- --------- ------- -------- ------------------- --------...
Page 169: Preconfiguring A Stack Member
SID of the unit to be added. The example in this section demonstrates pre-configuring a PowerConnect 8024F switch on a stand-alone PowerConnect 8024 switch. To configure the switch: 1 View the list of SIDs to determine which SID identifies the switch to preconfigure.
Page 170 3 Confirm the stack configuration. Some of the fields have been omitted from the following output due to space limitations. console#show switch SW Management Standby Preconfig Plugged-in Switch Code Status Status Model ID Model ID Status Version --- --------- ------- -------- --------- ---------- -------- Mgmt Sw PC8024...
Page 171: Nsf In The Data Center
NSF in the Data Center Figure 9-12 illustrates a data center scenario, where the stack of two PowerConnect switches acts as an access switch. The access switch is connected to two aggregation switches, AS1 and AS2. The stack has a link from two different units to each aggregation switch, with each pair of links grouped together in a LAG.
Page 172: Nsf And Voip
NSF and VoIP Figure 9-13 shows how NSF maintains existing voice calls during a stack master failure. Assume the top unit is the stack master. When the stack master fails, the call from phone A is immediately disconnected. The call from phone B continues.
Page 173: Nsf And Dhcp Snooping
NSF and DHCP Snooping Figure 9-14 illustrates an L2 access switch running DHCP snooping. DHCP trusted snooping only accepts DHCP server messages on ports configured as ports. DHCP snooping listens to DHCP messages to build a bindings database that lists the IP address the DHCP server has assigned to each host. IP Source Guard (IPSG) uses the bindings database to filter data traffic in hardware based on source IP address and source MAC address.
Page 174: Nsf And The Storage Access Network
If a host is in the middle of an exchange with the DHCP server when the failover occurs, the exchange is interrupted while the control plane restarts. When DHCP snooping is enabled, the hardware traps all DHCP packets to the CPU. The control plane drops these packets during the restart. The DHCP client and server retransmit their DHCP messages until the control plane has resumed operation and messages get through.
Page 175 Figure 9-15. NSF and a Storage Area Network When the stack master fails, session A drops. The initiator at 10.1.1.10 detects a link down on its primary NIC and attempts to reestablish the session on its backup NIC to a different IP address on the disk array. The hardware forwards the packets to establish this new session, but assuming the session is established before the control plane is restarted on the backup unit, the new session receives no priority treatment in the hardware.
Page 176: Nsf And Routed Access
NSF and Routed Access Figure 9-16 shows a stack of three units serving as an access router for a set of hosts. Two LAGs connect the stack to two aggregation routers. Each LAG is a member of a VLAN routing interface. The stack has OSPF and PIM adjacencies with each of the aggregation routers.
Page 177 JOIN messages upstream. The control plane updates the driver with checkpointed unicast routes. The forwarding plane reconciles L3 hardware tables. The OSPF graceful restart finishes, and the control plane deletes any stale unicast routes not relearned at this point. The forwarding plane reconciles L3 multicast hardware tables.
Page 178 Managing a Switch Stack...
Page 179: Configuring Authentication
Configuring Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting This chapter describes how to control access to the switch management interface using authentication and authorization. It also describes how to record this access using accounting. Together the three services are referred to by the acronym AAA. The topics covered in this chapter include: •...
Page 180: Methods
Each service is configured using method lists. The method lists define how each service is to be performed by specifying the methods available to perform a service. The first method in a list is tried first. If the first method returns an error, the next method in the list is tried.
Page 181: Access Lines
The ias method is a special method that is only used for 802.1X. It uses an • internal database (separate from the local user database) that acts like an 802.1X authentication server. This method never returns an error. It will always pass or deny a user.
Page 182: Authorization
Login— Login authentication grants access to the switch if the user • credentials are validated. Access is granted only at privilege level one. • Enable—Enable authentication grants access to a higher privilege level if the user credentials are validated for the higher privilege level. When RADIUS is used for enable authentication, the username for this request is always $enab15$.
Page 183: Exec Authorization Capabilities
Network: Network authorization enables a RADIUS server to assign a • particular 802.1X supplicant to a VLAN. For more information about 802.1X, see "Configuring Port and System Security" on page 469. Table 10-3 shows the valid methods for each type of authorization: Table 10-3.
Page 184: Accounting
profiles have an implicit “deny all” rule, such that any command that does not match any rule in the profile is considered to have been denied by that profile. A user can be assigned to more than one profile. If there are conflicting rules in profiles, the “permit”...
Page 185: Authentication Examples
Table 10-4. Accounting Methods Method Commands Dot1x Exec radius tacacs Authentication Examples It is important to understand that during authentication, all that happens is that the user is validated. If any attributes are returned from the server, they are not processed during authentication. In the examples below, it is assumed that the default configuration of authorization—that is, no authorization—is used.
Page 186: Tacacs+ Authentication Example
• The username guest password password command creates a user with the name “guest” and password “password”. A simple password can be configured here, since strength-checking has not yet been enabled. • The passwords strength minimum numeric-characters 2 command sets the minimum number of numeric characters required when password strength checking is enabled.
Page 187 aaa authentication enable “tacp” tacacs-server host 1.2.3.4 key “secret” exit line telnet login authentication tacplus enable authentication tacp exit The following describes each line in the above configuration: • The aaa authentication login “tacplus” tacacs command creates a login authentication list called “tacplus” that contains the method tacacs.
Page 188: Radius Authentication Example
RADIUS Authentication Example Use the following configuration to require RADIUS authentication to login over a telnet connection: aaa authentication login “rad” radius aaa authentication enable “raden” radius radius-server host 1.2.3.4 key “secret” exit line telnet login authentication rad enable authentication raden exit The following describes each line in the above configuration: •...
Page 189: Authorization Examples
Authorization Examples Authorization allows the administrator to control which services a user is allowed to access. Some of the things that can be controlled with authorization include the user's initial privilege level and which commands the user is allowed to execute. When authorization fails, the user is denied access to the switch, even though the user has passed authentication.
Page 190: Tacacs+ Authorization Example-Administrative Profiles
• The aaa authorization exec “tacex” tacacs command creates an exec authorization method list called tacex which contains the method tacacs. • The authorization exec tacex command assigns the tacex exec authorization method list to be used for users accessing the switch via telnet.
Page 191: Tacacs+ Authorization Example-Custom Administrative Profile
TACACS+ Authorization Example—Custom Administrative Profile This example creates a custom profile that allows the user to control user access to the switch by configuring a administrative profile that only allows access to AAA related commands. Use the following commands to create the administrative profile: admin-profile aaa rule 99 permit command “^show aaa .*”...
Page 192: Tacacs+ Authorization Example-Per-Command Authorization
string at the beginning of a line, the period (.) matches any single character, and the asterisk (*) repeats the previous match zero or more times. • To assign this profile to a user, configure the TACACS+ server so that it sends the following “roles”...
Page 193: Radius Authorization Example-Direct Login To Privileged Exec Mode
profiles and per-command authorization are configured for a user, any command must be permitted by both the administrative profiles and by per- command authorization. RADIUS Authorization Example—Direct Login to Privileged EXEC Mode Apply the following configuration to use RADIUS for authorization, such that a user can enter privileged exec mode directly: aaa authorization exec “rad”...
Page 194: Using Radius Servers To Control Management Access
The RADIUS server should be configured such that it will send the Cisco AV Pair attribute with the “roles” value. For example: shell:roles=router-admin The above example attribute gives the user access to the commands permitted by the router-admin profile. Using RADIUS Servers to Control Management Access The RADIUS client on the switch supports multiple RADIUS servers.
Page 195 “secret”. This “secret” is used to generate one-way encrypted authenticators that are present in all RADIUS packets. The “secret” is never transmitted over the network. RADIUS conforms to a secure communications client/server model using UDP as a transport protocol. It is extremely flexible, supporting a variety of methods to authenticate and statistically track users.
Page 196: Which Radius Attributes Does The Switch Support
If you use a RADIUS server to authenticate users, you must configure user attributes in the user database on the RADIUS server. The user attributes include the user name, password, and privilege level. NOTE: To set the privilege level, it is recommended to use the Service-Type attribute instead of the Cisco AV pair priv-lvl attribute.
Page 197 Table 10-5. Supported RADIUS Attributes (Continued) Type RADIUS Attribute Name 802.1X User Manager Captive Portal CALLING-STATION-ID NAS-IDENTIFIER ACCT-STATUS-TYPE Set by RADIUS client for Accounting ACCT-INPUT-OCTETS ACCT-OUTPUT-OCTETS ACCT-SESSION-ID Set by RADIUS client for Accounting ACCT-SESSION-TIME ACCT-TERMINATECAUSE Yes ACCT- INPUTGIGAWORDS ACCT- OUTPUTGIGAWORDS NAS-PORT-TYPE TUNNEL-TYPE TUNNEL-MEDIUM-TYPE Yes...
Page 198: How Are Radius Attributes Processed On The Switch
How Are RADIUS Attributes Processed on the Switch? The following attributes are processed in the RADIUS Access-Accept message received from a RADIUS server: • NAS-PORT—ifIndex of the port to be authenticated. • REPLY-MESSAGE—Trigger to respond to the Access-Accept message with an EAP notification. •...
Page 199: Using Tacacs+ Servers To Control Management Access
Using TACACS+ Servers to Control Management Access TACACS+ (Terminal Access Controller Access Control System) provides access control for networked devices via one or more centralized servers. TACACS+ simplifies authentication by making use of a single database that can be shared by many clients on a large network. TACACS+ uses TCP to ensure reliable delivery and a shared key configured on the client and daemon server to encrypt all messages.
Page 200: Which Tacacs+ Attributes Does The Switch Support
You can configure each server host with a specific connection type, port, timeout, and shared key, or you can use global configuration for the key and timeout. The TACACS+ server can do the authentication itself, or redirect the request to another back-end device. All sensitive information is encrypted and the shared secret is never passed over the network;...
Page 201: Default Configurations
Default Configurations Method Lists The method lists shown in Table 10-7 are defined by default. They cannot be deleted, but they can be modified. Using the “no” command on these lists will return them to their default configuration. Table 10-7. Default Method Lists AAA Service (type) List Name List Methods...
Page 202: Access Lines (Non-Aaa)
Table 10-8. Default AAA Methods (Continued) AAA Service (type) Console Telnet Accounting (exec) none none none Accounting none none none (commands) Access Lines (Non-AAA) Table 10-9 shows the default configuration of the access lines that do not use method lists. Table 10-9.
Page 203 Table 10-10. Default Administrative Profiles (Continued) Name Description CP-admin Allows access to the Captive Portal feature. network-operator Allows access to all User EXEC mode commands and show commands. Configuring Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting...
Page 204 Configuring Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting...
Page 205: Monitoring And Logging System
Monitoring and Logging System Information This chapter provides information about the features you use to monitor the switch, including logging, cable tests, and email alerting. The topics covered in this chapter include: • System Monitoring Overview • Default Log Settings •...
Page 206: Why Is System Information Needed
Why Is System Information Needed? The information the switch provides can help you troubleshoot issues that might be affecting system performance. The cable diagnostics test help you troubleshoot problems with the physical connections to the switch. Auditing access to the switch and the activities an administrator performed while managing the switch can help provide security and accountability.
Page 207: What Are The Severity Levels
What Are the Severity Levels? For each local or remote log file, you can specify the severity of the messages to log. Each severity level is identified by a name and a number. Table 11-1 provides information about the severity levels. Table 11-1.
Page 208: What Is The Log Message Format
The first part of the log message up to the first left bracket is fixed by the Syslog standard (RFC 3164). The second part up to the two percent signs is standardized for all Dell PowerConnect logs. The variable text of the log message follows. The log message is limited to 96 bytes.
Page 209: What Factors Should Be Considered When Configuring Logging
Message — Contains the text of the log message. What Factors Should Be Considered When Configuring Logging? Dell recommends that network administrators deploy a syslog server in their network and configure all switches to log messages to the syslog server. Switch administrators should also consider enabling persistent logging on the switch.
Page 210: Monitoring System Information And Configuring Logging (Web)
Device Information The Device Information page displays after you successfully log on to the switch by using the Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator. This page is a virtual representation of the switch front panel. Use the Device Information page to view information about the port status or system status. Click on a port to access the Port Configuration page for the selected port.
Page 211: System Health
System Health Use the Health page to view status information about the switch power and ventilation sources. To display the Health page, click System → General → Health in the navigation panel. Figure 11-2. Health Monitoring and Logging System Information...
Page 212: System Resources
System Resources Use the System Resources page to view information about memory usage and task utilization. To display the System Resources page, click System → General → System Resources in the navigation panel. Figure 11-3. System Resources Monitoring and Logging System Information...
Page 213: Integrated Cable Test For Copper Cables
Integrated Cable Test for Copper Cables Use the Integrated Cable Test for Copper Cables page to perform tests on copper cables. Cable testing provides information about where errors occurred in the cable, the last time a cable test was performed, and the type of cable error which occurred.
Page 214: Optical Transceiver Diagnostics
To view a summary of all integrated cable tests performed, click the Show All link. Figure 11-5. Integrated Cable Test Summary Optical Transceiver Diagnostics Use the Optical Transceiver Diagnostics page to perform tests on Fiber Optic cables. To display the Optical Transceiver Diagnostics page, click System → Diagnostics →...
Page 215 Figure 11-6. Optical Transceiver Diagnostics To view a summary of all optical transceiver diagnostics tests performed, click the Show All link. Figure 11-7. Optical Transceiver Diagnostics Summary Monitoring and Logging System Information...
Page 216: Log Global Settings
Log Global Settings Use the Global Settings page to enable logging globally, to enable other types of logging. You can also specify the severity of messages that are logged to the console, RAM log, and flash-based log file. The Severity table lists log messages from the highest severity (Emergency) to the lowest (Debug).
Page 217: Ram Log
RAM Log Use the RAM Log page to view information about specific RAM (cache) log entries, including the time the log was entered, the log severity, and a description of the log. To display the RAM Log, click System → Logs → RAM Log in the navigation panel.
Page 218: Log File
Log File The Log File contains information about specific log entries, including the time the log was entered, the log severity, and a description of the log. To display the Log File, click System → Logs → Log File in the navigation panel.
Page 219 Figure 11-11. Remote Log Server Adding a New Remote Log Server To add a log server: 1 Open the Remote Log Server page. 2 Click Add to display the Add Remote Log Server page. 3 Specify the IP address or hostname of the remote server. 4 Define the UDP Port and Description fields.
Page 220 Figure 11-12. Add Remote Log Server 5 Select the severity of the messages to send to the remote server. NOTE: When you select a severity level, all higher severity levels are automatically selected. 6 Click Apply. Click the Show All link to view or remove remote log servers configured on the system.
Page 221: Email Alert Global Configuration
Figure 11-13. Show All Log Servers Email Alert Global Configuration Use the Email Alert Global Configuration page to enable the email alerting feature and configure global settings so that system log messages can be sent to from the switch to one or more email accounts. To display the Email Alert Global Configuration page, click System →...
Page 222: Email Alert Mail Server Configuration
Email Alert Mail Server Configuration Use the Email Alert Mail Server Configuration page to configure information about the mail server the switch uses for sending email alert messages. To display the Email Alert Mail Server Configuration page, click System → Email Alerts →...
Page 223 Figure 11-16. Add Mail Server 4 Click Apply. 5 If desired, click Configuration to return to the Email Alert Mail Server Configuration page to specify port and security settings for the mail server. Click the Show All link to view or remove mail servers configured on the switch.
Page 224: Email Alert Subject Configuration
Email Alert Subject Configuration Use the Email Alert Subject Configuration page to configure the subject line for email alerts that are sent by the switch. You can customize the subject for the message severity and entry status. To display the Email Alert Subject Configuration page, click System → Email Alerts →...
Page 225: Email Alert To Address Configuration
Email Alert To Address Configuration Use the Email Alert To Address Configuration page to specify where the email alerts are sent. You can configure multiple recipients and associate different message severity levels with different recipient addresses. To display the Email Alert To Address Configuration page, click System → Email Alerts →...
Page 226: Email Alert Statistics
Figure 11-21. View Email Alert To Address Configuration Email Alert Statistics Use the Email Alert Statistics page to view the number of emails that were successfully and unsuccessfully sent, and when emails were sent. To display the Email Alert Statistics page, click System → Email Alerts → Email Alert Statistics in the navigation panel.
Page 227: Monitoring System Information And Configuring Logging (Cli)
PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. PowerConnect For more information about these commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Viewing System Information Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to view system health and resource information.
Page 228: Configuring Local Logging
Command Purpose test copper-port tdr Perform the Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) test to interface diagnose the quality and characteristics of a copper cable attached to the specified port. SFP, SFP+, and QSFP cables with passive copper assemblies are not capable of performing TDR tests.
Page 229 Command Purpose logging Enable logging to the specified file. Optionally, you can {buffered|console| file} define a logging discriminator to help filter log messages severity and set the severity of the messages to log. • buffered — Enables logging to the RAM file (cache). If the switch resets, the buffered logs are cleared.
Page 230: Configuring Remote Logging
Configuring Remote Logging Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to define a remote server to which the switch sends log messages. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. ip-address logging { Define a remote log server and enter the configuration hostname mode for the specified log server.
Page 231: Configuring Mail Server Settings
Configuring Mail Server Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure information about the mail server (SMTP host) on the network that will initially receive the email alerts from the switch and relay them to the correct recipient. Command Purpose configure...
Page 232: Configuring Email Alerts For Log Messages
Configuring Email Alerts for Log Messages Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure email alerts so that log messages are sent to the specified address. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. severity logging email [ ] Enable email alerting and determine which non-critical log severity messages should be emailed.
Page 233 Command Purpose logging email test Send a test email to the configured recipient to verify that message-type {urgent | the feature is properly configured. non-urgent | both} body message-body CTRL + Z Exit to Privileged EXEC mode. show logging email View the configured settings for email alerts.
Page 234: Logging Configuration Examples
Logging Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring Local and Remote Logging • Configuring Email Alerting Configuring Local and Remote Logging This example shows how to enable switch auditing and CLI command logging. Log messages with a severity level of Notification (level 5) and above are sent to the RAM (buffered) log.
Page 235: Configuring Email Alerting
4 Verify the remote log server configuration. console#show syslog-servers IP Address/Hostname Port Severity Description ------------------------- ------ -------------- ---------- 192.168.2.10 debugging Syslog Server 5 Verify the local logging configuration and view the log messages stored in the buffer (RAM log). console#show logging Logging is enabled Console Logging: level debugging.
Page 236 Emergency messages (severity level 0) will be sent immediately as individual emails, and messages with a severity of alert, critical, and error (levels 1-3) will be sent in a single email every 120 minutes. Warning, notice, info, and debug messages are not sent in an email. The email the administrator will in the inbox has a format similar to the following: Figure 11-23.
Page 237: Verify The Configuration
5 Specify the address where email alerts should be sent. console(config)#logging email message-type both to-addr administrator@dell.com 6 Specify the text that will appear in the email alert Subject line. console(config)#logging email message-type urgent subject "LOG MESSAGES - EMERGENCY"...
Page 238 Email Alert To Address Table: For Msg Type......1 Address1......administrator@dell.com For Msg Type......2 Address1......administrator@dell.com Email Alert Subject Table For Msg Type 1, subject is....LOG MESSAGES - EMERGENCY For Msg Type 2, subject is....LOG MESSAGE Monitoring and Logging System Information...
Page 239: Managing General System Settings
Managing General System Settings This chapter describes how to set system information, such as the hostname, and time settings, and how to select the Switch Database Management (SDM) template to use on the switch. The topics covered in this chapter include: •...
Page 240: Why Does System Information Need To Be Configured
The switch can obtain the time from a Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) server, or you can set the time manually. Table 12-2 describes the settings that help the switch keep track of time. Table 12-2. Time Settings Feature Description SNTP Controls whether the switch obtains its system time from an SNTP server and whether communication...
Page 241: What Are Sdm Templates
What Are SDM Templates? An SDM template is a description of the maximum resources a switch or router can use for various features. Different SDM templates allow different combinations of scaling factors, enabling different allocations of resources depending on how the device is used. In other words, SDM templates enable you to reallocate system resources to support a different mix of features based on your network requirements.
Page 242: Why Is The System Time Needed
Why is the System Time Needed? The switch uses the system clock to provide time stamps on log messages. Additionally, some show commands include the time in the command output. For example, the show users login-history command includes a Login Time field.
Page 243: Configuring General System Settings (Web)
Configuring General System Settings (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring general system settings on the PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. System Information Use the System Information page to configure the system name, contact name, location, and asset tag.
Page 244 Initiating a Telnet Session from the Web Interface NOTE: The Telnet client feature does not work with Microsoft Windows Internet Explorer 7 and later versions. Initiating this feature from any browser running on a Linux operating system is not supported. To launch a Telnet session: 1 From the System →...
Page 245 Figure 12-3. Select Telnet Client The selected Telnet client launches and connects to the switch CLI. Figure 12-4. Telnet Session Managing General System Settings...
Page 246: Cli Banner
CLI Banner Use the CLI Banner page to configure a message for the switch to display when a user connects to the switch by using the CLI. You can configure different banners for various CLI modes and access methods. To display the CLI Banner page, click System → General → CLI Banner in the navigation panel.
Page 247: Sdm Template Preference
SDM Template Preference Use the SDM Template Preference page to view information about template resource settings and to select the template that the switch uses. If you select a new SDM template for the switch to use, you must reboot the switch before the template is applied.
Page 248: Clock
Clock If you do not obtain the system time from an SNTP server, you can manually set the date and time on the switch on the Clock page. The Clock page also displays information about the time settings configured on the switch. To display the Clock page, click System →...
Page 249: Sntp Global Settings
SNTP Global Settings Use the SNTP Global Settings page to enable or disable the SNTP client, configure whether and how often the client sends SNTP requests, and determine whether the switch can receive SNTP broadcasts. To display the SNTP Global Settings page, click System → Time Synchronization →...
Page 250: Sntp Authentication
SNTP Authentication Use the SNTP Authentication page to enable or disable SNTP authentication, to modify the authentication key for a selected encryption key ID, to designate the selected authentication key as a trusted key, and to remove the selected encryption key ID. NOTE: The SNTP server must be configured with the same authentication information to allow time synchronization to take place between the two devices.
Page 251 The Add Authentication Key page displays: Figure 12-10. Add Authentication Key 3 Enter a numerical encryption key ID and an authentication key in the appropriate fields. 4 If the key is to be used to authenticate a unicast SNTP server, select the Trusted Key check box.
Page 252: Sntp Server
Figure 12-11. Authentication Key Table SNTP Server Use the SNTP Server page to view and modify information about SNTP servers, and to add new SNTP servers that the switch can use for time synchronization. The switch can accept time information from both IPv4 and IPv6 SNTP servers.
Page 253 Figure 12-12. SNTP Servers Defining a New SNTP Server To add an SNTP server: 1 Open the SNTP Servers page. 2 Click Add. The Add SNTP Server page displays. Managing General System Settings...
Page 254 Figure 12-13. Add SNTP Server 3 In the SNTP Server field, enter the IP address or host name for the new SNTP server. 4 Specify whether the information entered in the SNTP Server field is an IPv4 address, IPv6 address, or a hostname (DNS). 5 If you require authentication between the SNTP client on the switch and the SNTP server, select the Encryption Key ID check box, and then select the key ID to use.
Page 255 To view all configured SNTP servers, click the Show All link. The SNTP Server Table displays. You can also use the SNTP Server Table page to remove or edit existing SNTP servers. Figure 12-14. SNTP Servers Table Managing General System Settings...
Page 256: Summer Time Configuration
Summer Time Configuration Use the Summer Time Configuration page to configure summer time (daylight saving time) settings. To display the Summer Time Configuration page, click System → Time Synchronization → Summer Time Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 12-15. Summer Time Configuration NOTE: The fields on the Summer Time Configuration page change when you select or clear the Recurring check box.
Page 257: Time Zone Configuration
Time Zone Configuration Use the Time Zone Configuration to configure time zone information, including the amount time the local time is offset from UTC and the acronym that represents the local time zone. To display the Time Zone Configuration page, click System → Time Synchronization →...
Page 258: Slot Summary
Slot Summary Use the Slot Summary page to view information about the expansion slot status. To display the Slot Summary page, click Switching → Slots → Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 12-17. Slot Summary Managing General System Settings...
Page 259: Supported Cards
Supported Cards Use the Supported Cards page to view information about the supported plug-in modules for the switch. To display the Supported Cards page, click Switching → Slots → Supported Cards in the navigation panel. Figure 12-18. Supported Cards Managing General System Settings...
Page 260: Configuring System Settings (Cli)
PowerConnect 8000/8100-series PowerConnect switch. For more information about these commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring System Information Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure system information.
Page 261: Configuring The Banner
Configuring the Banner Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure the MOTD, login, or User EXEC banner. The switch supports the following banner messages: • MOTD—Displays when a user connects to the switch. • Login—Displays after the MOTD banner and before the login prompt. •...
Page 262: Managing The Sdm Template
Managing the SDM Template Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to set the SDM template preference and to view information about the available SDM templates. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. sdm prefer {dual-ipv4- Select the SDM template to apply to the switch after the and-ipv6 default| ipv4- next boot.
Page 263 Command Purpose key_id sntp trusted-key Specify the authentication key the SNTP server must include in SNTP packets that it sends to the switch. key_id number must be an encryption key ID defined in the previous step. sntp authenticate Require authentication for communication with the SNTP server.
Page 264: Setting The System Time And Date Manually
Setting the System Time and Date Manually Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure the time and date, time zone, and summer time settings. Command Purpose mm/dd/yyyy clock set { Configure the time and date. You can enter the time first hh:mm:ss and then the date, or the date and then the time.
Page 265: Viewing Slot Information
Command Purpose clock summer-time Use this command if the summer time does not start and date month date { end every year according to a recurring pattern. You can month date year enter the month and then the date, or the date and then the hh:mm date month month.
Page 266: General System Settings Configuration Examples
3 Configure the message that displays when a user connects to the switch. PC8024(config)#banner motd “This switch connects users in cubicles C121-C139.” PC8024(config)#exit 4 View system information to verify the configuration. PC8024#show system System Description: Dell Ethernet Switch System Up Time: 0 days, 19h:36m:36s Managing General System Settings...
Page 267 System Contact: Jane Doe System Name: PC8024 System Location: RTP100 Burned In MAC Address: 001E.C9AA.AA07 System Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.674.10895.3035 System Model ID: PC8024 Machine Type: PowerConnect PC8024 Temperature Sensors: Temperature Sensors: Unit Description Temperature Status (Celsius) ---- ----------- ----------- ------ Good Good Left PHY...
Page 268 Power Supplies: Unit Description Status Average Current Since Power Power Date/Time (Watts) (Watts) ---- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ------------ System 97.8 Main Failure Secondary 97.6 97.8 01/10/2031 15:59:05 5 View additional information about the system. PC8024#show system id Service Tag: 0000000 Chassis Service Tag: Serial Number: TW282987BK0002 Asset Tag: 111222...
Page 269: Configuring Sntp
Configuring SNTP The commands in this example configure the switch to poll an SNTP server to synchronize the time. Additionally, the SNTP sessions between the client and server must be authenticated. To configure the switch: 1 Configure the authentication information. The SNTP server must be configured with the same authentication key and ID.
Page 270 4 View the SNTP status on the switch. console#show sntp status Client Mode: Unicast Last Update Time: MAR 01 09:12:43 2010 Unicast servers: Server Status Last response --------------- ------------ --------------------- 192.168.10.30 Other 09:12:43 Mar 1 2011 Managing General System Settings...
Page 271: Configuring The Time Manually
Configuring the Time Manually The commands in this example manually set the system time and date. The time zone is set to Eastern Standard Time (EST), which has an offset of -5 hours. Summer time is enabled and uses the preconfigured United States settings.
Page 272 Managing General System Settings...
Page 273: Configuring Snmp
Configuring SNMP The topics covered in this chapter include: • SNMP Overview • Default SNMP Values • Configuring SNMP (Web) • Configuring SNMP (CLI) • SNMP Configuration Examples SNMP Overview Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) provides a method for managing network devices. The PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches support SNMP version 1, SNMP version 2, and SNMP version 3.
Page 274: What Are Snmp Traps
The SNMP agent maintains a list of variables that are used to manage the switch. The variables are defined in the MIB. The MIB presents the variables controlled by the agent. The SNMP agent defines the MIB specification format, as well as the format used to access the information over the network. Access rights to the SNMP agent are controlled by access strings.
Page 275: Why Is Snmp Needed
Why Is SNMP Needed? Some network administrators prefer to use SNMP as the switch management interface. Settings that you view and configure by using the web-based Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator and the CLI are also available by using SNMP .
Page 276 Table 13-1. SNMP Defaults Parameter Default Value OSPF traps Disabled Table 13-2 describes the two views that are defined by default. Table 13-2. SNMP Default Views View Name OID Subtree View Type Default Included snmpVacmMIB Excluded usmUser Excluded snmpCommunityTable Excluded DefaultSuper Included By default, three groups are defined.
Page 277: Configuring Snmp (Web)
Configuring SNMP (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring the SNMP agent on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. NOTE: For some features, the control to enable or disable traps is available from a configuration page for that feature and not from the Trap Manager pages that...
Page 278: Snmp View Settings
SNMP View Settings Use the SNMP View Settings page to create views that define which features of the device are accessible and which are blocked. You can create a view that includes or excludes OIDs corresponding to interfaces. To display the View Settings page, click System → SNMP → View Settings in the navigation panel.
Page 279 Figure 13-3. Add View 3 Specify a name for the view and a valid SNMP OID string. 4 Select the view type. 5 Click Apply. The SNMP view is added, and the device is updated. Click Show All to view information about configured SNMP Views. Configuring SNMP...
Page 280: Access Control Group
Access Control Group Use the Access Control Group page to view information for creating SNMP groups, and to assign SNMP access privileges. Groups allow network managers to assign access rights to specific device features or features aspects. To display the Access Control Group page, click System → SNMP → Access Control in the navigation panel.
Page 281 Figure 13-5. Add Access Control Group 3 Specify a name for the group. 4 Select a security model and level 5 Define the context prefix and the operation. 6 Click Apply to update the switch. Click Show All to view information about existing access control configurations.
Page 282: Snmpv3 User Security Model (Usm)
SNMPv3 User Security Model (USM) Use the User Security Model page to assign system users to SNMP groups and to define the user authentication method. NOTE: You can also use the Local User Database page under Management Security to configure SNMPv3 settings for users. For more information, see "Configuring Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting"...
Page 283 Figure 13-7. Add Local Users 3 Define the relevant fields. 4 Click Apply to update the switch. Click Show All to view the User Security Model Table, which contains information about configured Local and Remote Users. Adding Remote SNMPv3 Users to a USM To add remote users: 1 Open the SNMPv3 User Security Model page.
Page 284 Figure 13-8. Add Remote Users 3 Define the relevant fields. 4 Click Apply to update the switch. Click Show All to view the User Security Model Table, which contains information about configured Local and Remote Users. Configuring SNMP...
Page 285: Communities
Communities Access rights for SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 are managed by defining communities Communities page. When the community names are changed, access rights are also changed. SNMP Communities are defined only for SNMP v1 and SNMP v2. To display the Communities page, click System → SNMP → Communities in the navigation panel.
Page 286 Figure 13-10. Add SNMPv1,2 Community 3 Specify the IP address of an SNMP management station and the community string to act as a password that will authenticate the management station to the SNMP agent on the switch. 4 Select the access mode. 5 Click Apply to update the switch.
Page 287: Notification Filter
Notification Filter Use the Notification Filter page to set filtering traps based on OIDs. Each OID is linked to a device feature or a feature aspect. The Notification Filter page also allows you to filter notifications. To display the Notification Filter page, click System → SNMP → Notification Filters in the navigation panel.
Page 288: Notification Recipients
Figure 13-12. Add Notification Filter 3 Specify the name of the filter, the OID for the filter. 4 Choose whether to send (include) traps or informs to the trap recipient or prevent the switch from sending (exclude) the traps or informs. 5 Click Apply to update the switch.
Page 289 Figure 13-13. SNMP Notification Recipient Adding a Notification Recipient To add a recipient: 1 Open the Notification Recipient page. 2 Click Add. The Add Recipient page displays: Configuring SNMP...
Page 290 Figure 13-14. Add Notification Recipient 3 Specify the IP address or hostname of the host to receive notifications. 4 Select whether to send traps or informs to the specified recipient 5 Define the relevant fields for the SNMP version you use. 6 Configure information about the port on the recipient.
Page 291: Trap Flags
Trap Flags The Trap Flags page is used to specify which traps you want to enable or disable. When the condition identified by an active trap is encountered by the switch, a trap message is sent to any enabled SNMP Trap Receivers, and a message is written to the trap log.
Page 292: Ospfv2 Trap Flags
OSPFv2 Trap Flags The OSPFv2 Trap Flags page is used to specify which OSPFv2 traps you want to enable or disable. When the condition identified by an active trap is encountered by the switch, a trap message is sent to any enabled SNMP Trap Receivers, and a message is written to the trap log.
Page 293: Ospfv3 Trap Flags
OSPFv3 Trap Flags The OSPFv3 Trap Flags page is used to specify which OSPFv3 traps you want to enable or disable. When the condition identified by an active trap is encountered by the switch, a trap message is sent to any enabled SNMP Trap Receivers, and a message is written to the trap log.
Page 294: Trap Log
Trap Log The Trap Log page is used to view entries that have been written to the trap log. To access the Trap Log page, click Statistics/RMON → Trap Manager → Trap Log in the navigation panel. Figure 13-18. Trap Logs Click Clear to delete all entries from the trap log.
Page 295: Configuring Snmp (Cli)
If the SNMPv3 engine ID is deleted, or if the configuration file is erased, then SNMPv3 cannot be used. Since the EngineID should be unique within an administrative domain, Dell recommends that you use the default keyword to configure the Engine ID.
Page 296: Configuring Snmp Views, Groups, And Users
Configuring SNMP Views, Groups, and Users Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to define SNMP views, and SNMP groups, and local and remote SNMPv3 users. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode view- snmp-server view Configure the SNMP view. When you configure groups, name oid-tree {included users, and communities, you can specify a view to associate...
Page 297 Command Purpose snmp-server group Specify the identity string of the receiver and set the groupname {v1 | v2 | v3 receiver timeout value. {noauth | auth | priv} groupname • — Specifies the name of the group. (Range: view-name [notify 1-30 characters.) view-name [context...
Page 298 Command Purpose snmp-server user Configure a new SNMPv3 user. username groupname username • — Specifies the name of the user on the host engineid-string [remote that connects to the agent. (Range: 1-30 characters.) password [{auth-md5 groupname • — Specifies the name of the group to which password auth-sha the user belongs.
Page 299: Configuring Communities
Command Purpose show snmp group View SNMP group configuration information. group_name show snmp user View SNMP user configuration information. user_name Configuring Communities Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure access rights for SNMPv1 and SNMPv2. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode...
Page 300 Command Purpose snmp-server community- Map the internal security name for SNMP v1 and SNMP community string group v2 security models to the group name. group-name [ipaddress community-string — • Community string that acts like a ip-address password and permits access to the SNMP protocol (Range: 1-20 characters) group-name —...
Page 301: Configuring Snmp Notifications (Traps And Informs)
Configuring SNMP Notifications (Traps and Informs) Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to allow the switch to send SNMP traps and to configure which traps are sent. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode snmp-server enable traps Specify the traps to enable.
Page 302 Command Purpose host- snmp-server host For SNMPv1 and SNMPv2, configure the system to receive addr [informs [timeout SNMP traps or informs. seconds retries ] [retries host-addr • — Specifies the IP address of the host (targeted | traps version {1 | 2}]] recipient) or the name of the host.
Page 303 Command Purpose snmp-server v3-host { For SNMPv3, configure the system to receive SNMP traps address hostname or informs. username {traps | ip-address • — Specifies the IP address of the host informs} [noauth | auth (targeted recipient). | priv] [timeout hostname •...
Page 304: Snmp Configuration Examples
SNMP Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 • Configuring SNMPv3 Configuring SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 This example shows how to complete a basic SNMPv1/v2 configuration. The commands enable read-only access from any host to all objects on the switch public using the community string , and enable read-write access from any...
Page 305: Configuring Snmpv3
Community-String Group Name IP Address ----------------- -------------- ------------ private DefaultWrite public DefaultRead Traps are enabled. Authentication trap is enabled. Version 1,2 notifications Target Addr. Type Community Version UDP Filter Retries Port Name ------------ ---- --------- ---- ----- ----- ------- 192.168.3.65 Trap public Version 3 notifications Target Addr.
Page 306 admin , assign the user to the group, and specify the 3 Create the user authentication credentials. console(config)#snmp-server user admin group_snmpv3 auth-md5 secretkey 4 Specify the IP address of the host where traps are to be sent. Packet authentication using MD5-SHA is enabled for the traps. console(config)#snmp-server v3-host 192.168.3.35 admin traps auth console(config)#exit...
Page 307 console#show snmp views Name OID Tree Type ------------------ ------------------------ ------------ Default Included Default snmpVacmMIB Excluded Default usmUser Excluded Default snmpCommunityTable Excluded view_snmpv3 internet Included DefaultSuper Included console#show snmp group Name Context Model Security Read Views Notify Prefix Level Write ------------ -------- ------ -------- -------- ------ ------- DefaultRead ""...
Page 308 Configuring SNMP...
Page 309: Managing Images And Files
Managing Images and Files This chapter describes how to upload, download, and copy files, such as firmware images and configuration files, on the switch. The topics covered in this chapter include: • Image and File Management Overview • Managing Images and Files (Web) •...
Page 310 Table 14-1. Files to Manage File Action Description image Download Firmware for the switch. The switch can Upload maintain two images: the active image and Copy the backup image. startup-config Download Contains the software configuration that Upload loads during the boot process. Copy running-config Download...
Page 311: Why Is File Management Needed
Table 14-1. Files to Manage File Action Description SSL certificate files Download Contains information to encrypt, authenticate, and validate HTTPS sessions. The switch supports the following files for SSL: • SSL Trusted Root Certificate File (PEM Encoded) • SSL Server Certificate File (PEM Encoded) •...
Page 312 changes that take place after the boot process completes are written to the running-config file. The backup-config file does not exist until you explicitly create one by copying an existing configuration file to the backup-config file or downloading a backup-config file to the switch. You can also create configuration scripts, which are text files that contains CLI commands.
Page 313: What Methods Are Supported For File Management
What Methods Are Supported for File Management? You can use any of the following protocols to download files from a remote system to the switch or to upload files from the switch to a remote system: • TFTP • SFTP •...
Page 314 firmware may be updated to the firmware version supported by the switch firmware during the boot process or, in the case of switches that support the hot swap of cards, when the card is inserted into the switch. Editing and Downloading Configuration Files Each configuration file contains a list of executable CLI commands.
Page 315: How Is The Running Configuration Saved
! Script file for displaying management access show telnet !Displays the information about remote connections ! Display information about direct connections show serial ! End of the script file Uploading Configuration Files by Using SNMP When you use SNMP to upload a configuration file to a TFTP server, the agentTransferUploadFileName object must be set to the local filename, which is either startup-config or backup-config.
Page 316: Managing Images And Files (Web)
Managing Images and Files (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages to use to manage images and files on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click the top of the page. File System Use the File System page to view a list of the files on the device and to modify the image file descriptions.
Page 317: Active Images
Active Images Use the Active Images page to set the firmware image to use when the switch boots. If you change the boot image, it does not become the active image until you reset the switch. NOTE: image1 On the PC8000-series switches, the images are named image2 active .
Page 318: Usb Flash Drive
USB Flash Drive Use the USB Flash Drive page (on PowerConnect 8100-series switches) to view information about a USB flash drive connected to the USB port on the front panel of the switch. The page also displays information about the files stored on the USB flash drive.
Page 319: File Download
File Download Use the File Download page to download image (binary) files, SSH and SSL certificates, IAS User files, and configuration (ASCII), files from a remote server to the switch. To display the File Download page, click System → File Management → File Download in the navigation panel.
Page 320 If you select a transfer mode that requires authentication, additional fields appear in the Download section. If you select HTTP as the download method, some of the fields are hidden. NOTE: If you are using HTTPS to manage the switch, the download method will be HTTPS.
Page 321: File Upload
File Upload Use the File Upload to Server page to upload configuration (ASCII), image (binary), IAS user, operational log, and startup log files from the switch to a remote server. To display the File Upload to Server page, click System → File Management →...
Page 322 NOTE: If you are using HTTPS to manage the switch, the download method will be HTTPS. 4 To upload by using HTTP, click Apply. A dialog box opens to allow you to open or save the file. Figure 14-7. File Upload 5 To upload by using any method other than HTTP, enter the IP address of the server and specify a name for the file.
Page 323: Copy Files
Copy Files Use the Copy Files page to: • Copy the active firmware image to the switch. • Copy the running, startup, or backup configuration file to the startup or backup configuration file. • Restore the running configuration to the factory default settings. To display the Copy Files page, click System →...
Page 324: Managing Images And Files (Cli)
PowerConnect 8000/8100-series PowerConnect switch. For more information about these commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. It also describes the commands that control the Auto Configuration feature. NOTE: Upload, download, and copy functions use the copy command. The basic...
Page 325 Command Purpose boot system {image1 | Set the image to use as the boot (active) image after the image2} switch resets. Images on the PC8132/PC8164 are named active backup For 8100-series switches, use the following command: boot system {active | backup} reload Reboot the switch to make the new image the active image.
Page 326: Managing Files In Internal Flash
Managing Files in Internal Flash Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to copy, rename, delete and list the files in the internal flash. Command Purpose List the files in the flash file system. current_name rename Rename a file in flash. new_name filename delete...
Page 327: Managing Files On A Usb Flash Device (Powerconnect 8100-Series Switches Only)
Managing Files on a USB Flash Device (PowerConnect 8100-series switches only) Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to manage files that are on a USB device that is plugged into the USB flash port on the front panel of the switch. Command Purpose show usb device...
Page 328: Managing Configuration Scripts (Sftp)
Managing Configuration Scripts (SFTP) Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to download a configuration script from a remote system to the switch, validate the script, and activate it. NOTE: The startup-config and backup-config files are essentially configuration scripts and can be validated and applied by using the commands in this section.
Page 329: File And Image Management Configuration Examples
File and Image Management Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Upgrading the Firmware • Managing Configuration Scripts Upgrading the Firmware This example for a PC8132 shows how to download a firmware image to the switch and activate it. The TFTP server in this example is PumpKIN, an open source TFTP server running on a Windows system.
Page 330 Figure 14-9. Image Path 3 View information about the current image. console#show version Image Descriptions image1 :default image image2 : Images currently available on Flash ------- ------------ ------------ --------------- -------------- unit image1 image2 current-active next-active ------- ------------ ------------ --------------- -------------- 4.1.0.7 5.0.0.8 image1...
Page 331 Data Type........Code Destination Filename......image Management access will be blocked for the duration of the transfer Are you sure you want to start? (y/n)y 5 Activate the new image so that it becomes the active image after the switch resets. Use either the active or backup keyword, depending on which file type you selected for replacement in step 4.
Page 332: Managing Configuration Scripts
console#reload Are you sure you want to continue? (y/n)y Reloading all switches... Managing Configuration Scripts This example shows how to create a configuration script that adds three hostname-to-IP address mappings to the host table. To configure the switch: 1 Open a text editor on an administrative computer and type the commands as if you were entering them by using the CLI.
Page 333 Set TFTP Server IP......10.27.65.103 TFTP Path......../ TFTP Filename........labhost.scr Data Type........Config Script Destination Filename......labhost.scr Management access will be blocked for the duration of the transfer 4 After you confirm the download information and the script successfully downloads, it is automatically validated for correct syntax.
Page 334: Managing Files By Using The Usb Flash Drive (Powerconnect 8100-Series Switches Only)
ip host labpc3 192.168.3.59 Configuration script 'labhost.scr' applied. 6 Verify that the script was successfully applied. console#show hosts Host name: test Name/address lookup is enabled Name servers (Preference order): 192.168.3.20 Configured host name-to-address mapping: Host Addresses ------------------------ ------------------------ labpc1 192.168.3.56 labpc2 192.168.3.58 labpc3...
Page 335 Management access will be blocked for the duration of the transfer Are you sure you want to start? (y/n) y 3 Copy the running-config to the USB flash drive. console#copy running-config usb://rc_backup.scr Mode......unknown Data Type......Config Script Source Filename....temp-config.scr Management access will be blocked for the duration of the transfer Are you sure you want to start? (y/n) y...
Page 336 Managing Images and Files...
Page 337: Automatically Updating The Image
Automatically Updating the Image and Configuration The topics covered in this chapter include: • Auto Configuration Overview • What Are the Dependencies for DHCP Auto Configuration? • Default Auto Configuration Values • Managing Auto Configuration (Web) • Managing Auto Configuration (CLI) •...
Page 338: What Is Usb Auto Configuration
either because it is disabled, no USB storage device is present, or no configuration or images files are present on the USB storage device, the switch uses the DHCP Auto Install process. NOTE: Neither USB Configuration nor Auto Install is invoked if a valid configuration file is on the switch.
Page 339 switch checks for a file with a *.text configuration file and a *.stk image file. If multiple .text files exist, the switch uses the powerconnect.text file. If multiple *.stk files are present, the switch uses the image with the highest (most recent) version.
Page 340: How Does Usb Auto Configuration Use The Files On The Usb Device
How Does USB Auto Configuration Use the Files on the USB Device? The *.setup file can include the following information: • MAC address of the switch • Configuration file name • Image file name • IP address MAC Address Lookup The MAC address should be on the same line as the configuration file and/or image file name to allow a specific switch (identified by its MAC address) to be associated with a specific config file or image.
Page 341: What Is The Setup File Format
configured is added to the beginning of the line (if no MAC address was specified in the file) for lines using the IP address lookup method so that the MAC and IP address combinations are recorded within the *.setup file for future use bindings.
Page 342: What Is The Dhcp Auto Configuration Process
If the switches are to be assigned a static IP address included in a specified configuration file (.text) or by a DHCP server, the entries in the *.setup file that assigns a specific configuration file and image to each switch has the following format: MAC_Address Config_File...
Page 343 Obtaining IP Address Information DHCP is enabled by default on the Out-of-Band (OOB) interface. If an IP address has not been assigned, the switch issues requests for an IP address assignment. A network DHCP server returns the following information: • IP address and subnet mask to be assigned to the interface •...
Page 344 Option 125 and specify the Dell Enterprise Number, 674. Within the Dell section of option 125, sub option 5 must specify the path and name of a file on the TFTP server. This file is not the image file itself, but rather a text file that contains the path and name of the image file.
Page 345 If the DHCP server does not specify a configuration file or download of the configuration file fails, the Auto Configuration process attempts to download a configuration file with the name dell-net.cfg. The switch unicasts or broadcasts TFTP requests for a network configuration file in the same manner as it attempts to download a host-specific configuration file.
Page 346 Final File Sought Sought Host-specific config file, ending in a bootfile.cfg *.cfg file extension Default network config file dell-net.cfg Host-specific config file, associated hostname.cfg with hostname. Default config file host.cfg Table 15-2 displays the determining factors for issuing unicast or broadcast TFTP requests.
Page 347: Monitoring And Completing The Dhcp Auto Configuration Process
Monitoring and Completing the DHCP Auto Configuration Process When the switch boots and triggers an Auto Configuration, a message displays on the console screen to indicate that the process is starting. After the process completes, the Auto Configuration process writes a log message. When Auto Configuration has successfully completed, you can execute a show running-config command to validate the contents of configuration.
Page 348: What Are The Dependencies For Dhcp Auto Configuration
What Are the Dependencies for DHCP Auto Configuration? The Auto Configuration process from TFTP servers depends upon the following network services: • A DHCP server must be configured on the network with appropriate services. • An image file and a text file containing the image file name for the switch must be available from a TFTP server if DHCP image download is desired.
Page 349: Default Auto Configuration Values
Default Auto Configuration Values Table 15-3 describes the Auto Configuration defaults. Table 15-3. Auto Configuration Defaults Feature Default Description Auto Install Enabled When the switch boots and no saved configuration is Mode found, the Auto Configuration automatically begins. Retry Count When the DHCP or BootP server returns information about the TFTP server and bootfile, the switch makes three unicast TFTP requests for the specified bootfile.
Page 350: Managing Auto Configuration (Web)
Managing Auto Configuration (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages to use to manage images and files on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click the top of the page. Auto-Install Configuration Use the Auto-Install Configuration page to allow the switch to obtain network information (such as the IP address and subnet mask) and...
Page 351: Managing Auto Configuration (Cli)
Managing Auto Configuration (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you manage the Auto-Install Configuration feature on the switch. For more information about PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F these commands, see the CLI Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Managing Auto Configuration Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to...
Page 352: Auto Configuration Example
Auto Configuration Example A network administrator is deploying three PowerConnect switches and wants to quickly and automatically install the latest image and a common configuration file that configures basic settings such as VLAN creation and membership, RADIUS server settings, and 802.1X information. The configuration file also contains the command boot host autosave so that the downloaded configuration is automatically saved to the startup config.
Page 353 5 Connect a port (OOB port for out-of-band management or any switch port for in-band management) on each switch to the network. 6 Boot the switches. Auto Image and Configuration Update...
Page 354 Auto Image and Configuration Update...
Page 355: Monitoring Switch Traffic
Monitoring Switch Traffic This chapter describes sFlow features, Remote Monitoring (RMON), and Port Mirroring features. The topics covered in this chapter include: • Traffic Monitoring Overview • Default Traffic Monitoring Values • Monitoring Switch Traffic (Web) • Monitoring Switch Traffic (CLI) •...
Page 356 statistics from monitored devices. sFlow datagrams forward sampled traffic statistics to the sFlow Collector for analysis. You can specify up to eight different sFlow receivers to which the switch sends sFlow datagrams. Figure 16-1. sFlow Architecture The advantages of using sFlow are: •...
Page 357 sFlow Sampling The sFlow Agent in the PowerConnect software uses two forms of sampling: • Statistical packet-based sampling of switched or routed Packet Flows • Time-based sampling of counters Packet Flow Sampling and Counter Sampling are performed by sFlow Instances associated with individual Data Sources within an sFlow Agent. Both types of samples are combined in sFlow datagrams.
Page 358: What Is Rmon
Counter Sampling The primary objective of Counter Sampling is to efficiently, periodically export counters associated with Data Sources. A maximum Sampling Interval is assigned to each sFlow instance associated with a Data Source. Counter Sampling is accomplished as follows: • sFlow Agents keep a list of counter sources being sampled.
Page 359: What Is Port Mirroring
The RMON agent in the switch supports the following groups: • Group 1—Statistics. Contains cumulative traffic and error statistics. • Group 2—History. Generates reports from periodic traffic sampling that are useful for analyzing trends. • Group 3 —Alarm. Enables the definition and setting of thresholds for various counters.
Page 360: Why Is Traffic Monitoring Needed
The packet that is copied to the destination port is in the same format as the original packet on the wire. This means that if the mirror is copying a received packet, the copied packet is VLAN tagged or untagged as it was received on the source port.
Page 361: Monitoring Switch Traffic (Web)
Monitoring Switch Traffic (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages to use to monitor network traffic on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click the top of the page. sFlow Agent Summary Use the sFlow Agent Summary page to view information about sFlow MIB and the sFlow Agent IP address.
Page 362: Sflow Receiver Configuration
sFlow Receiver Configuration Use the sFlow Receiver Configuration page to configure settings for the sFlow receiver to which the switch sends sFlow datagrams. You can configure up to eight sFlow receivers that will receive datagrams. To display the Receiver Configuration page, click System → sFlow → Receiver Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 363: Sflow Sampler Configuration
sFlow Sampler Configuration Use the sFLow Sampler Configuration page to configure the sFlow sampling settings for switch ports. To display the Sampler Configuration page, click System → sFlow → Sampler Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 16-4. sFlow Sampler Configuration Click Show All to view information about configured sampler data sources.
Page 364: Sflow Poll Configuration
sFlow Poll Configuration Use the sFLow Poll Configuration page to configure how often a port should collect counter samples. To display the Sampler Configuration page, click System → sFlow → Sampler Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 16-5. sFlow Poll Configuration Click Show All to view information about the ports configured to collect counter samples.
Page 365: Interface Statistics
Interface Statistics Use the Interface Statistics page to display statistics for both received and transmitted packets. The fields for both received and transmitted packets are identical. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → Table Views → Interface Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 16-6.
Page 366: Etherlike Statistics
Etherlike Statistics Use the Etherlike Statistics page to display interface statistics. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → Table Views → Etherlike Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 16-7. Etherlike Statistics Monitoring Switch Traffic...
Page 367: Gvrp Statistics
GVRP Statistics Use the GVRP Statistics page to display switch statistics for GVRP. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → Table Views → GVRP Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 16-8. GVRP Statistics Monitoring Switch Traffic...
Page 368: Eap Statistics
EAP Statistics Use the EAP Statistics page to display information about EAP packets received on a specific port. For more information about EAP, see "Configuring Port and System Security" on page 469. To display the EAP Statistics page, click Statistics/RMON → Table Views → EAP Statistics in the navigation panel Figure 16-9.
Page 369: Utilization Summary
Utilization Summary Use the Utilization Summary page to display interface utilization statistics. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → Table Views → Utilization Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 16-10. Utilization Summary Monitoring Switch Traffic...
Page 370: Counter Summary
Counter Summary Use the Counter Summary page to display interface utilization statistics in numeric sums as opposed to percentages. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → Table Views → Counter Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 16-11. Counter Summary Monitoring Switch Traffic...
Page 371: Switchport Statistics
Switchport Statistics Use the Switchport Statistics page to display statistical summary information about switch traffic, address tables, and VLANs. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → Table Views → Switchport Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 16-12. Switchport Statistics Monitoring Switch Traffic...
Page 372: Rmon Statistics
RMON Statistics Use the RMON Statistics page to display details about switch use such as packet processing statistics and errors that have occurred on the switch. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → RMON → Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 16-13.
Page 373: Rmon History Control Statistics
RMON History Control Statistics Use the RMON History Control page to maintain a history of statistics on each port. For each interface (either a physical port or a port-channel), you can define how many buckets exist, and the time interval between each bucket snapshot.
Page 374 Figure 16-15. Add History Entry 3 Select the port or LAG on which you want to maintain a history of statistics. 4 Specify an owner, the number of historical buckets to keep, and the sampling interval. 5 Click Apply to add the entry to the RMON History Control Table. To view configured history entries, click the Show All tab.
Page 375: Rmon History Table
RMON History Table Use the RMON History Table page to display interface-specific statistical network samplings. Each table entry represents all counter values compiled during a single sample. To display the RMON History Table page, click Statistics/RMON → RMON → History Table in the navigation panel. Figure 16-16.
Page 376: Rmon Event Control
RMON Event Control Use the RMON Events Control page to define RMON events. Events are used by RMON alarms to force some action when a threshold is crossed for a particular RMON counter. The event information can be stored in a log and/or sent as a trap to a trap receiver.
Page 377 Figure 16-18. Add an Event Entry 3 If the event sends an SNMP trap, specify the SNMP community to receive the trap. 4 Optionally, provide a description of the event and the name of the event owner. 5 Select an event type. 6 Click Apply.
Page 378: Rmon Event Log
RMON Event Log Use the RMON Event Log page to display a list of RMON events. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → RMON → Events Log in the navigation panel. Figure 16-19. RMON Event Log Monitoring Switch Traffic...
Page 379: Rmon Alarms
RMON Alarms Use the RMON Alarms page to set network alarms. Alarms occur when certain thresholds are crossed for the configured RMON counters. The alarm triggers an event to occur. The events can be configured as part of the RMON Events group.
Page 380 Adding an Alarm Table Entry To add an alarm: 1. Open the RMON Alarms page. 2. Click Add. The Add an Alarm Entry page displays. Figure 16-21. Add an Alarm Entry 3. Complete the fields on this page as needed. Use the help menu to learn more information about the data required for each field.
Page 381: Port Statistics
Port Statistics Use the Port Statistics page to chart port-related statistics on a graph. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → Charts → Port Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 16-22. Ports Statistics To chart port statistics, select the type of statistics to chart and (if desired) the refresh rate, then click Draw.
Page 382: Lag Statistics
LAG Statistics Use the LAG Statistics page to chart LAG-related statistics on a graph. To display the page, click Statistics/RMON → Charts → LAG Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 16-23. LAG Statistics To chart LAG statistics, select the type of statistics to chart and (if desired) the refresh rate, then click Draw.
Page 383: Port Mirroring
Port Mirroring Use the Port Mirroring page to create a mirroring session in which all traffic that is sent or received (or both) on one or more source ports is mirrored to a destination port. To display the Port Mirroring page, click Switching → Ports → Traffic Mirroring →...
Page 384 Figure 16-25. Add Source Port 5 Click Apply. 6 Repeat the previous steps to add additional source ports. 7 Click Port Mirroring to return to the Port Mirroring page. 8 Enable the administrative mode and specify the destination port. Monitoring Switch Traffic...
Page 385 Figure 16-26. Configure Additional Port Mirroring Settings 9 Click Apply. Monitoring Switch Traffic...
Page 386: Monitoring Switch Traffic (Cli)
This section provides information about the commands you use to manage traffic monitoring features on the switch and to view information about switch traffic. For more information about these commands, see the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring sFlow...
Page 387 Command Purpose rcvr-index sflow polling Enable a new sFlow poller instance on an interface range. if_type if_number poll- rcvr-index • — The sFlow Receiver associated with the interval poller (Range: 1–8). if_type if_number • — The list of interfaces to poll. The interface type can be Tengigabitethernet (te), for example te1/0/3-5 enables polling on ports 3, 4, and 5.
Page 388: Configuring Rmon
Command Purpose show sflow agent View information about the switch sFlow agent. index show sflow View information about a configured sFlow receivers. destination index show sflow polling View information about the configured sFlow poller instances for the specified receiver. index show sflow View information about the configured sFlow sampler sampling...
Page 389 Command Purpose number rmon alarm Add an alarm entry variable interval number • — The alarm index. (Range: 1–65535) {absolute |delta} rising- variable • — A fully qualified SNMP object identifier that value event- threshold resolves to a particular instance of an MIB object. number ] rising- value...
Page 390: Viewing Statistics
Command Purpose rmon collection history Enable an RMON MIB history statistics group on the index [owner interface. ownername ] [buckets NOTE: You must configure RMON alarms and events before bucket-number RMON collection history is able to display. seconds [interval index •...
Page 391: Configuring Port Mirroring
Configuring Port Mirroring Use the following commands in Privileged EXEC mode to configure a port mirroring session. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode monitor session Configure a source (monitored) port or CPU interface for session_number source a monitor session. interface {cpu | session_number •...
Page 392: Traffic Monitoring Configuration Examples
Traffic Monitoring Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring sFlow • Configuring RMON Configuring sFlow This example shows how to configure the switch so that ports 10-15 and port 23 send sFlow datagrams to an sFlow receiver at the IP address 192.168.20.34. The receiver owner is receiver1, and the timeout is 100000 seconds.
Page 393 Address Type...... 1 Port......6343 Datagram Version....5 Maximum Datagram Size..... 1400 console#show sflow 1 polling Poller Receiver Poller Data Source Index Interval ----------- ------- ------- te1/0/10 te1/0/11 te1/0/12 te1/0/13 te1/0/14 te1/0/15 te1/0/23 console#show sflow 1 sampling Sampler Receiver Packet Max Header Data Source Index...
Page 394: Configuring Rmon
Configuring RMON This example generates a trap and creates a log entry when the number of inbound packets are undeliverable due to errors increases by 20 or more. First, an RMON event is created. Then, the alarm is created. The event (event 1) generates a trap and creates a log entry.
Page 395: Configuring Iscsi Optimization
Configuring iSCSI Optimization This chapter describes how to configure Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) optimization, which enables special quality of service (QoS) treatment for iSCSI traffic. The topics covered in this chapter include: • iSCSI Optimization Overview • Default iSCSI Optimization Values •...
Page 396: What Does Iscsi Optimization Do
What Does iSCSI Optimization Do? In networks containing iSCSI initiators and targets, iSCSI Optimization helps to monitor iSCSI sessions or give iSCSI traffic preferential QoS treatment. Dynamically-generated classifier rules generated by snooping iSCSI traffic are used to direct iSCSI data traffic to queues that can be given the desired preference characteristics over other data traveling through the switch.
Page 397: How Does Iscsi Optimization Use Acls
Application Priority TLVs received from the configuration source are proxied to the other ports and, on the PC81xx switches, the CoS policy for iSCSI received via DCBX is applied to iSCSI packets. Since EQL iSCSI devices require ETS configuration to function correctly with DCBx, the 80xx and m8024-k series PowerConnect switches (which do not support ETS) should disable DCB when EQL devices are connected.
Page 398: What Information Does The Switch Track In Iscsi Traffic Flows
list to monitor for iSCSI sessions. Each monitored iSCSI session utilizes two rules from additional ACL lists up to a maximum of two ACL lists. This means that the maximum number of ACL lists allocated by iSCSI is three. What Information Does the Switch Track in iSCSI Traffic Flows? Packets are examined to find the following data, which is used in tracking the session and creating the classifier entries that enable QoS treatment: •...
Page 399: How Does Iscsi Optimization Interact With Dell Equallogic Arrays
The PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches use LLDP , a vendor-neutral protocol, to discover Dell EQL devices on the network. LLDP is enabled by default. For more information about LLDP , see "Discovering Network Devices"...
Page 400: How Does Iscsi Optimization Interact With Dcbx
How Does iSCSI Optimization Interact with Dell Compellent Arrays? Dell PowerConnect switches support a macro that may be used to configure a port connected to a Dell Compellent storage array. The name of the macro is profile-compellent-nas. The macro takes a single argument: the interface identifier to which the Dell Compellent array is connected.
Page 401: Iscsi Cos And Priority Flow Control/Enhanced Transmission Selection Interactions
iSCSI CoS and Priority Flow Control/Enhanced Transmission Selection Interactions When manually or automatically enabling the classification of iSCSI flows on PC80xx/PCM8024-k/PC81xx series switches, enabling iSCSI CoS is not recommended unless required as follows. When using manual configuration of the switch or auto-configuration via DCBX, the iSCSI packets are classified based on the user priority present in the VLAN tag and, in this case, enabling iSCSI CoS classification via the iSCSI command set provides no benefit.
Page 402: Default Iscsi Optimization Values
Default iSCSI Optimization Values Table 17-1 shows the default values for the iSCSI optimization feature. Table 17-1. iSCSI Optimization Defaults Parameter Default Value iSCSI Optimization Global Status Enabled iSCSI CoS mode Disabled Jumbo Frames Disabled Spanning-tree Portfast Disabled Unicast Storm Control Disabled Classification iSCSI packets are classified by VLAN...
Page 403: Configuring Iscsi Optimization (Web)
Configuring iSCSI Optimization (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages to use to the iSCSI features on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click the top of the page. iSCSI Global Configuration Use the Global Configuration page to allow the switch to snoop for iSCSI sessions/connections and to configure QoS treatment for packets where the iSCSI protocol is detected.
Page 404: Iscsi Targets Table
iSCSI Targets Table Use the Targets Table page to view and configure iSCSI targets on the switch. To access the Targets Table page, click System → iSCSI → Targets in the navigation panel. Figure 17-2. iSCSI Targets Table To add an iSCSI Target, click Add at the top of the page and configure the relevant information about the iSCSI target.
Page 405: Iscsi Sessions Table
iSCSI Sessions Table Use the Sessions Table page to view summary information about the iSCSI sessions that the switch has discovered. An iSCSI session occurs when an iSCSI initiator and iSCSI target communicate over one or more TCP connections. The maximum number of iSCSI sessions is 192. Redundant (MPIO paths) may not be accounted for in the iSCSI sessions table if a separate iSCSI login is not issued during establishment of the session.
Page 406: Iscsi Sessions Detailed
iSCSI Sessions Detailed Use the Sessions Detailed page to view detailed information about an iSCSI sessions that the switch has discovered. To access the Sessions Detailed page, click System → iSCSI → Sessions Detailed in the navigation panel. Figure 17-5. iSCSI Sessions Detail Configuring iSCSI Optimization...
Page 407: Configuring Iscsi Optimization (Cli)
Configuring iSCSI Optimization (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to configure iSCSI settings on the switch. For more information about the commands, see PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. iSCSI optimization is enabled by default.
Page 408 Command Purpose iscsi cos {enable | disable | Optionally set the quality of service profile that will dscp | dscp [remark] be applied to iSCSI flows. • enable—Enables application of preferential QoS treatment to iSCSI frames. On switches that support DCBX, this also enables the generation of the Application Priority TLV for iSCSI.
Page 409: Iscsi Optimization Configuration Examples
iSCSI Optimization Configuration Examples iSCSI optimization is enabled by default with the appropriate settings to operate properly is almost all configurations. However, you find it necessary to alter those settings, the following procedure illustrates the configuration steps required. Configuring iSCSI Optimization Between Servers and a Disk Array Figure 17-6 illustrates a PowerConnect 8000-series or 8100-series switch connecting two servers (iSCSI initiators) to a disk array (iSCSI targets).
Page 410 The following commands show how to configure the iSCSI example depicted in Figure 17-6. Remember that iSCSI optimization is enabled by default. 1 Set the MTU to 9216 to enable the use of jumbo frames. console#config console(config)#ip mtu 9216 2 Optionally configure the switch to associate CoS queue 5 with detected iSCSI session traffic.
Page 411 4 Configure the DCBx port role as auto-downstream. This step automatically enables PFC and ETS (PC81xx only) on the ports using the configuration received from the other switch. console(config-if)#lldp dcbx port-role auto-down console(config-if)#exit 5 Enter interface configuration mode for the switch-facing ports and configure the DCBx port role as auto-up.
Page 412 console(config)#interface range te1/0/1-4,te1/0/16-17 6 Enable VLAN tagging to allow the CNA connected ports to carry 802.1p priority values through the network. console(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 7 Enter datacenter bridging mode to enable PFC on the ports. console(config-if)#datacenter-bridging 8 Enable PFC and configure traffic marked with 802.1p priority 4 to be paused rather than dropped when congestion occurs.
Page 413: Configuring Captive Portal
Configuring Captive Portal This chapter describes how to configure the Captive Portal feature. The topics covered in this chapter include: • Captive Portal Overview • Default Captive Portal Behavior and Settings • Configuring the Captive Portal (Web) • Configuring Captive Portal (CLI) •...
Page 414: Is The Captive Portal Feature Dependent On Any Other Feature
Figure 18-1. Connecting to the Captive Portal Switch with Captive Portal RADIUS Server Captive (Optional) Portal User (Host) Default Captive Portal Welcome Screen (Displays in Captive Portal User’s Browser) The Captive Portal feature blocks hosts connected to the switch from accessing the network until user verification has been established.
Page 415: What Factors Should Be Considered When Designing And Configuring A Captive Portal
You can configure the switch to send SNMP trap messages to any enabled SNMP Trap Receivers for several Captive Portal events, such as when a Captive Portal user has an authentication failure or when a Captive Portal user successfully connects to the network. If you enable the traps, the switch also writes a message to the trap log when the event occurs.
Page 416: How Does Captive Portal Work
Figure 18-2. Customized Captive Portal Welcome Screen How Does Captive Portal Work? When a port is enabled for Captive Portal, all the traffic coming onto the port from the unverified clients are dropped except for the ARP , DHCP, DNS and NETBIOS packets.
Page 417: What Captive Portal Pages Can Be Customized
What Captive Portal Pages Can Be Customized? You can customize the following three Captive Portal pages: • Authentication Page —This page displays when a client attempts to connect to the network. You can customize the images, text, and colors that display on this page. •...
Page 418: Default Captive Portal Behavior And Settings
Default Captive Portal Behavior and Settings Captive Portal is disabled by default. If you enable Captive Portal, no interfaces are associated with the default Captive Portal. After you associate an interface with the Captive Portal and globally enable the Captive Portal feature, a user who connects to the switch through that interface is presented with the Captive Portal Welcome screen shown in Figure 18-3.
Page 419 Table 18-1. Default Captive Portal Values Feature Value Authentication Timeout 300 seconds Configured Captive Portals Captive Portal Name Default Protocol Mode HTTP Verification Mode Guest URL Redirect Mode User Group 1-Default Session Timeout 86400 seconds Local Users None configured Interface associations None Interface status Not blocked...
Page 420: Configuring The Captive Portal (Web)
Configuring the Captive Portal (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring Captive Portal settings on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. Captive Portal Global Configuration Use the Captive Portal Global Configuration page to control the administrative state of the Captive Portal feature and configure global...
Page 421: Captive Portal Configuration
Captive Portal Configuration Use the Captive Portal Configuration page to view summary information about captive portals on the system, add a captive portal, and configure existing captive portals. The switch supports 10 Captive Portal configurations. Captive Portal configuration 1 is created by default and cannot be deleted. Each captive portal configuration can have unique guest or group access modes and a customized acceptance use policy that displays when the client connects.
Page 422 From the Captive Portal Configuration page, click Add to create a new Captive Portal instance. Figure 18-6. Add Captive Portal Configuration From the Captive Portal Configuration page, click Summary to view summary information about the Captive Portal instances configured on the switch.
Page 423 2 Click Download Image to download one or more custom images to the switch. You can use a downloaded custom image for the branding logo (default: Dell logo) on the Authentication Page and Logout Success page, the account image (default: blue banner with keys) on the Authentication Page, and the background image (default: blank) on the Logout Success Page.
Page 424 4 Browse to the directory where the image to be downloaded is located and select the image. 5 Click Apply to download the selected file to the switch. 6 To customize the Authentication Page, which is the page that a user sees upon attempting to connect to the network, click the Authentication Page link.
Page 425 7 Select the branding image to use and customize other page components such as the font for all text the page displays, the page title, and the acceptance use policy. 8 Click Apply to save the settings to the running configuration or click Preview to view what the user will see.
Page 426: Local User
Figure 18-11. Captive Portal Logout Success Page 13 Customize the look and feel of the Logout Page, such as the background image and successful logout message. 14 Click Apply to save the settings to the running configuration or click Preview to view what the user will see. To return to the default views, click Clear.
Page 427 Figure 18-12 shows the Local User page after a user has been added. If no users have been added to the switch, many of the fields do not display on the screen. NOTE: Multiple user groups can be selected by holding the CTRL key down while clicking the desired groups.
Page 428 Figure 18-13. Add Local User From the Local User page, click Show All to view summary information about the local users configured in the local database. Figure 18-14. Captive Portal Local User Summary To delete a configured user from the database, select the Remove check box associated with the user and click Apply.
Page 429 Optional 0 session timeout is (seconds) reached (seconds). If the attribute is 0 or not present then use the value configured for the captive portal. Dell-Captive- 6231, A comma- String Optional None. The Portal-Groups delimited list of default group names that...
Page 430: User Group
User Group You can assign Local Users to User Groups that you create. If the Verification Mode is Local or RADIUS, you assign a User Group to a Captive Portal Configuration. All users who belong to the group are permitted to access the network through this portal.
Page 431 From the User Group page, click Add to configure a new user group. Figure 18-16. Add User Group From the User Group page, click Show All to view summary information about the user groups configured on the switch. Figure 18-17. Captive Portal User Group Summary To delete a configured group, select the Remove check box associated with the group and click Apply.
Page 432: Interface Association
Interface Association From the Interface Association page, you can associate a configured captive portal with specific interfaces. The captive portal feature only runs on the interfaces that you specify. A captive portal can have multiple interfaces associated with it, but an interface can be associated to only one Captive Portal at a time.
Page 433: Captive Portal Global Status
Captive Portal Global Status The Captive Portal Global Status page contains a variety of information about the Captive Portal feature. From the Captive Portal Global Status page, you can access information about the Captive Portal activity and interfaces. To display the Global Status page, click System → Captive Portal → Status →...
Page 434: Captive Portal Activation And Activity Status
Captive Portal Activation and Activity Status The Captive Portal Activation and Activity Status page provides information about each Captive Portal configured on the switch. The Captive Portal Activation and Activity Status page has a drop-down menu that contains all captive portals configured on the switch. When you select a captive portal, the activation and activity status for that portal displays.
Page 435: Interface Activation Status
Interface Activation Status The Interface Activation Status page shows information for every interface assigned to a captive portal instance. To display the Interface Activation Status page, click System → Captive Portal → Interface Status → Interface Activation Status. Figure 18-21. Interface Activation Status Configuring Captive Portal...
Page 436: Interface Capability Status
Interface Capability Status The Interface Capability Status page contains information about interfaces that can have CPs associated with them. The page also contains status information for various capabilities. Specifically, this page indicates what services are provided through the Captive Portal to clients connected on this interface.
Page 437: Client Summary
Client Summary Use the Client Summary page to view summary information about all authenticated clients that are connected through the captive portal. From this page, you can manually force the captive portal to disconnect one or more authenticated clients. The list of clients is sorted by client MAC address.
Page 438: Client Detail
Client Detail The Client Detail page shows detailed information about each client connected to the network through a captive portal. To display the Client Detail page, click System → Captive Portal → Client Connection Status → Client Detail. Figure 18-24. Client Detail Configuring Captive Portal...
Page 439: Captive Portal Interface Client Status
Captive Portal Interface Client Status Use the Interface Client Status page to view clients that are authenticated to a specific interface. To display the Interface Client Status page, click System → Captive Portal → Client Connection Status → Interface Client Status. Figure 18-25.
Page 440: Captive Portal Client Status
Captive Portal Client Status Use the Client Status page to view clients that are authenticated to a specific Captive Portal configuration. To display the Client Status page, click System → Captive Portal → Client Connection Status → Client Status. Figure 18-26. Captive Portal - Client Status Configuring Captive Portal...
Page 441: Configuring Captive Portal (Cli)
Configuring Captive Portal (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to create and configure Captive Portal settings. For more information about the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI commands, see the Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Global Captive Portal Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure global Captive Portal settings.
Page 442: Creating And Configuring A Captive Portal
Command Purpose CTRL + Z Exit to Privileged EXEC mode. show captive-portal View the Captive Portal administrative and operational [status] status. Use the status keyword to view additional global Captive Portal information and summary information about all configured Captive Portal instances. Creating and Configuring a Captive Portal Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to create a Captive Portal instance and configure its settings.
Page 443 Command Purpose user-logout (Optional) Enable user logout mode to allow an authenticated client to deauthenticate from the network. If this option is clear or the user does not specifically request logout, the client connection status remains authenticated until the CP deauthenticates the user, for example by reaching the idle timeout or session timeout values.
Page 444 Command Purpose block (Optional) Block all traffic for a Captive Portal configuration. If the Captive Portal is blocked, users cannot gain access to the network through the Captive Portal. Use this function to temporarily protect the network during unexpected events, such as denial of service attacks.
Page 445: Configuring Captive Portal Groups And Users
Configuring Captive Portal Groups and Users Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to create a Captive Portal group. You can use the default group, or you can create a new group. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. captive-portal Enter Captive Portal mode.
Page 446: Managing Captive Portal Clients
Command Purpose group-id user group (Optional) Move all of the users in a group to a different new-group-id moveusers group. This command removes the users from the group group-id specified by group-id • — Group ID (Range: 1–10). new-group-id • —...
Page 447: Captive Portal Configuration Example
Captive Portal Configuration Example The manager of a resort and conference center needs to provide wired Internet access to each guest room at the resort and in each conference room. Due to legal reasons, visitors and guests must agree to the resort’s acceptable use policy to gain network access.
Page 448: Configuration Overview
7. Customize the authentication, logout, and logout success web pages that a Captive Portal user will see. Dell recommends that you use Use Dell OpenManage Administrator to customize the Captive Portal authentication, logout, and logout success pages. A Preview button is available to allow you to see the pages that a Captive Portal user will see.
Page 449: Detailed Configuration Procedures
Detailed Configuration Procedures Use the following steps to perform the Captive Portal configuration: 1. Configure the RADIUS server information on the switch. In this example, the RADIUS server IP address is 192.168.2.188, and the RADIUS server name is luxury-radius. console#configure console(config)#radius-server host 192.168.12.182 console(Config-auth-radius)#name luxury-radius console(Config-auth-radius)#exit...
Page 450 1 group 2 Continue entering username and password combinations to populate the local database. 8. Add the User-Name, User-Password, Session-Timeout, and Dell-Captive- Portal-Groups attributes for each employee to the database on the RADIUS server. 9. Globally enable the Captive Portal.
Page 451: Configuring Port Characteristics
Configuring Port Characteristics This chapter describes how to configure physical switch port characteristics, including settings such as administrative status and maximum frame size. This chapter also describes the link dependency feature. The topics covered in this chapter include: • Port Overview •...
Page 452: What Is Link Dependency
Table 19-1. Port Characteristics (Continued) Feature Description Speed Specifies the transmission rate for frames. Duplex mode Specifies whether the interface supports transmission between the switch and the connected client in one direction at a time (half) or both directions simultaneously (both). Maximum frame size Indicates the maximum frame size that can be handled by the port.
Page 453 Link Action The link action specifies the action that the group members will take when the dependent port is down. The group members can transition to the same state as the dependant port, or they can transition to the opposite state. In other words, if the link action is down and the dependent port goes down, the members ports will go down as well.
Page 454: What Interface Types Are Supported
What Interface Types are Supported? The physical ports on the switch include the out-of-band (OOB) interface and 10-Gigabit Ethernet switch ports. The OOB interface supports a limited set of features and is for switch management only. The Ethernet switch ports support many logical features that are often supported by logical interfaces.
Page 455 For example, to enter Interface Configuration mode for 10-Gigabit Ethernet port 10, use the following command: console(config)#interface tengigabitEthernet 1/0/10 NOTE: When you enter Interface Configuration mode, the command prompt changes and identifies the interface. In the previous example, the command prompt becomes console(config-if-Te1/0/10)# For many features, you can configure a range of interfaces.
Page 456: Default Port Values
Default Port Values Table 19-2 lists the default values for the port characteristics that this chapter describes. Table 19-2. Default Port Values Feature Description Administrative status All ports are enabled Description None defined Auto negotiation Enabled Speed Auto negotiate Duplex mode Auto negotiate Flow control Enabled...
Page 457: Configuring Port Characteristics (Web)
Configuring Port Characteristics (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring port characteristics on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. Port Configuration Use the Port Configuration page to define port parameters.
Page 458 Configuring Multiple Ports To configure port settings on multiple ports: 1 Open the Port Configuration page. 2 Click Show All to display the Port Configuration Table page. 3 In the Ports list, select the check box in the Edit column for the port to configure.
Page 459 In the following example, Ports 3, 4, and 5 will be updated with the settings that are applied to Port 1. Figure 19-3. Copy Port Settings 8 Click Apply. Configuring Port Characteristics...
Page 460: Link Dependency Configuration
Link Dependency Configuration Use the Link Dependency Configuration page to create link dependency groups. You can create a maximum of 16 dependency groups. The page displays the groups whether they have been configured or not. To display the Link Dependency Configuration page, click Switching → Link Dependency →...
Page 461 5 To add a port to the Ports Depended On column, click the port in the Available Ports column, and then click the > button to the right of the Available Ports column. In the following example, Group 1 is configured so that Port 3 is dependent on Port 4.
Page 462: Link Dependency Summary
Link Dependency Summary Use the Link Dependency Summary page to view all link dependencies on the system and to access the Link Dependency Configuration page. You can create a maximum of 16 dependency groups. The page displays the groups whether they have been configured or not. To display the Link Dependency Summary page, click Switching →...
Page 463: Configuring Port Characteristics (Cli)
Configuring Port Characteristics (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to configure port characteristics. For more information about the commands, see the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Port Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure various port settings.
Page 464: Configuring Link Dependencies
Command Purpose duplex {half | full | Configure the full/half duplex operation of a given auto} Ethernet interface, or enable duplex auto negotiation. Fiber ports must always be configured full-duplex. auto negotiation is never used on fiber ports. size Enable jumbo frames on an interface by adjusting the maximum size of a packet.
Page 465 Command Purpose interface depends-on Specify the port(s) upon which the member ports are interface dependent. For information about the variable, see the previous command description. action {down|up} Specifies the action the member ports take when the dependent link goes down. •...
Page 466: Port Configuration Examples
Port Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring Port Settings • Configuring a Link Dependency Groups Configuring Port Settings The commands in this example specify the speed and duplex mode for port 1 (tengigabitethernet 1/0/1) and change the MTU size for ports 10, 11, 12, 20, and 25.
Page 467: Configuring A Link Dependency Groups
Configuring a Link Dependency Groups The commands in this example create two link dependency groups. Group 1 has port 3 as a member port that is dependent on port 4. The group uses the default link action, which is down. This means that if port 4 goes down, port 3 goes down.
Page 468 Configuring Port Characteristics...
Page 469: Configuring Port And System
Configuring Port and System Security This chapter describes how to configure port-based security features, which control access to the network through the switch ports, and the denial of service (DoS) feature. Port-based security includes IEEE 802.1X authentication and port MAC locking.
Page 470: Ieee 802.1X
IEEE 802.1X What is IEEE 802.1X? The IEEE 802.1X standard provides a means of preventing unauthorized access by supplicants (clients) to the services the switch offers, such as access to the LAN. The 802.1X network has three components: • Supplicant — The client connected to the authenticated port that requests access to the network.
Page 471: What Are The 802.1X Port States
As shown in Figure 20-1, the PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch is the authenticator and enforces the supplicant (a PC) that is attached to an 802.1X-controlled port to be authenticated by an authentication server (a RADIUS server). The result of the authentication process determines whether the supplicant is authorized to access services on that controlled port.
Page 472: What Is Mac-Based 802.1X Authentication
What is MAC-Based 802.1X Authentication? MAC-based authentication allows multiple supplicants connected to the same port to each authenticate individually. For example, a 5-port hub might be connected to a single port on the switch. Each host connected to the hub must authenticate separately in order to gain access to the network.
Page 473: What Is The Role Of 802.1X In Vlan Assignment
NOTE: MAB initiates only after the dot1x guest VLAN period times out. If the client responds to any of the EAPOL identity requests, MAB does not initiate for that client. What is the Role of 802.1X in VLAN Assignment? PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches allow a port to be placed into a particular VLAN based on the result of the authentication or type of 802.1X authentication a client uses when it accesses the switch.
Page 474 The VLAN attributes defined in RFC3580 are as follows: • Tunnel-Type=VLAN (13) • Tunnel-Medium-Type=802 • Tunnel-Private-Group-ID=VLANID VLANID is 12-bits and has a value between 1 and 4093. Dynamic VLAN Creation If RADIUS-assigned VLANs are enabled though the Authorization Network RADIUS configuration option, the RADIUS server is expected to include the VLAN ID in the 802.1X tunnel attributes of its response message to the switch.
Page 475: What Is Monitor Mode
Client devices that are 802.1X-supplicant-enabled authenticate with the switch when they are plugged into the 802.1X-enabled switch port. The switch verifies the credentials of the client by communicating with an authentication server. If the credentials are verified, the authentication server unblock informs the switch to the switch port and allows the client...
Page 476 Table 20-1. IEEE 802.1X Monitor Mode Behavior (Continued) Case Sub-case Regular Dot1x Dot1x Monitor Mode Invalid VLAN Port State: Deny Port State: Permit Assignment VLAN: Default PVID of the port Invalid Filter-id Port State: Deny Port State: Permit VLAN: Default PVID of the port Bad RADIUS packet Port State: Deny Port State: Permit...
Page 477: How Does The Authentication Server Assign Diffserv Filters
Table 20-1. IEEE 802.1X Monitor Mode Behavior (Continued) Case Sub-case Regular Dot1x Dot1x Monitor Mode Supplicant Port State: Deny Port State: Deny Timeout Port/Client Delete Guest Port State: Deny Port State: Permit Authenticated VLANID through VLAN: Default PVID on Guest VLAN Dot1Q of the port How Does the Authentication Server Assign DiffServ Filters?
Page 478: Default 802.1X Values
Default 802.1X Values Table 20-2 lists the default values for the 802.1X features. Table 20-2. Default Port-Based Security Values Feature Description Global 802.1X status Disabled 802.1X authentication method none Per-port 802.1X status Disabled Port state automode Periodic reauthentication Disabled Seconds between reauthentication 3600 attempts Authentication server timeout...
Page 479: Configuring Ieee 802.1X (Web)
Configuring IEEE 802.1X (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring the IEEE 802.1X features and Port Security on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. Dot1x Authentication Use the Dot1x Authentication page to configure the 802.1X administrative mode on the switch and to configure general 802.1X parameters for a port.
Page 480 Figure 20-2. Dot1x Authentication Configuring 802.1X Settings on Multiple Ports To configure 802.1X authentication on multiple ports: 1 Open the Dot1x Authentication page. 2 Click Show All to display the Dot1x Authentication Table page. 3 In the Ports list, select the check box in the Edit column for the port to configure.
Page 481 4 Select the desired settings to change for all ports that are selected for editing. Figure 20-3. Configure Dot1x Settings 5 Click Apply. Re-Authenticating One Port To reauthenticate a port: 1 Open the Dot1x Authentication page. 2 Click Show All. The Dot1x Authentication Table displays.
Page 482 5 To re-authenticate immediately, check Reauthenticate Now for all ports to be re-authenticated. 6 Click Apply. The authentication process is restarted on the specified ports (either immediately or periodically). Changing Administrative Port Control To change the administrative port control: 1 Open the Dot1x Authentication page. 2 Click Show All.
Page 483 Figure 20-4. Network Security Authenticated Users Port Access Control Configuration Use the Port Access Control Configuration page to globally enable or disable RADIUS-assigned VLANs and to enable Monitor Mode to help troubleshoot 802.1X configuration issues. NOTE: The VLAN Assignment Mode field is the same as the Admin Mode field on the System →...
Page 484 Figure 20-5. Port Access Control Configuration Port Access Control History Log Summary Use the Port Access Control History Log Summary page to view log messages about 802.1X client authentication attempts. The information on this page can help you troubleshoot 802.1X configuration issues. To display the Port Access Control History Log Summary page, click Port Access Control Configuration page, click Switching →...
Page 485 Figure 20-6. Port Access Control History Log Summary Internal Authentication Server Users Configuration Use the Internal Authentication Server Users Configuration page to add users to the local IAS database and to view the database entries. To display the Internal Authentication Server Users Configuration page, click System →...
Page 486 Figure 20-7. Internal Authentication Server Users Configuration NOTE: If no users exist in the IAS database, the IAS Users Configuration Page does not display the fields shown in the image. Adding Users to the IAS Database To add IAS users: 1 Open the Internal Authentication Server Users Configuration page.
Page 487 Figure 20-8. Adding an IAS User 4 Click Apply. To view the Internal Authentication Server Users Table page, click Show All. Removing an IAS User To delete an IAS user: 1 Open the Internal Authentication Server Users Configuration page. 2 From the User menu, select the user to remove, select the user to remove. 3 Select the Remove check box.
Page 488: Configuring Ieee 802.1X (Cli)
802.1X and Port Security settings. For additional information about the PowerConnect commands in this section, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Basic 802.1X Authentication Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to enable and configure 802.1X authentication on the switch.
Page 489 Command Purpose dot1x port-control Specify the 802.1X mode for the port. {force-authorized | NOTE: For standard 802.1X implementations in which one force-unauthorized | client is connected to one port, use the dot1x port-control auto | mac-based} auto command to enable 802.1X authentication on the port. •...
Page 490 NOTE: To enable 802.1X Monitor Mode to help troubleshoot authentication issues, use the dot1x system-auth-control monitor command in Global Configuration mode. To view 802.1X authentication events and information, use the show dot1x interface authentication-history {< > | all} [failed-auth-only] [detail] command in Privileged EXEC mode.
Page 491 Command Purpose dot1x timeout supp- Set the time that the switch waits for a response before seconds timeout retransmitting an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)-request frame to the client. count dot1x max-req Set the maximum number of times that the switch sends an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)-request frame (assuming that no response is received) to the client before restarting the authentication process.
Page 492 Command Purpose dot1x dynamic-vlan If the RADIUS assigned VLAN does not exist on the enable switch, allow the switch to dynamically create the assigned VLAN. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface interface. The variable includes the interface type and number, for example tengigabitethernet 1/0/3.
Page 493: Configuring Internal Authentication Server Users
Configuring Internal Authentication Server Users Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to add users to the IAS database and to use the database for 802.1X authentication. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. aaa ias-user username Add a user to the IAS user database. This command also user changes the mode to the AAA User Config mode.
Page 494 The switch uses an authentication server with an IP address of 10.10.10.10 to authenticate clients. Port 7 is connected to a printer in the unsecured area. The printer is an 802.1X unaware client, so Port 7 is configured to use MAC- based authentication with MAB.
Page 495 Figure 20-10. 802.1X Example Physically Unsecured Devices Physically Secured Devices Clients Authentication Server (Ports 1 and 3) (RADIUS) PowerConnect Switch Clients (Port 8) LAN Uplink (Port 24) Printer Server (Port 7) (Port 9) The following example shows how to configure the example shown in Figure 20-10.
Page 496 console(config-if)#dot1x port-control force- authorized console(config-if)#exit 4 Configure Port 7 to require MAC-based authentication with MAB. console(config)#interface te1/0/7 console(config-if-Te1/0/7)#dot1x port-control mac- based console(config-if-Te1/0/7)#dot1x mac-auth-bypass 5 Set the port to an 802.1Q VLAN. The port must be in general mode in order to enable MAC-based 802.1X authentication. console(config-if-Te1/0/7)#switchport mode general console(config-if-Te1/0/7)#exit 6 Enable MAC-based authentication on port 8 and limit the number of...
Page 497 Filter Id........VLAN Assigned........1 (Default) Interface........Te1/0/3 User Name........dflint Supp MAC Address....... 0004.5A55.EFAD Session Time........826 Filter Id........VLAN Assigned........1 (Default) Interface........Te1/0/7 User Name........0006.6B33.06BA Supp MAC Address....... 0006.6B33.06BA Session Time........826 Filter Id........VLAN Assigned........1 (Default) 9 View a summary of the port status.
Page 498 10 View 802.1X information about Port 8. console#show dot1x interface te1/0/8 Administrative Mode....Enabled Dynamic VLAN Creation Mode..Enabled Monitor Mode...... Disabled Port Admin Oper Reauth Reauth Mode Mode Control Period ------- ---------------- ------------ -------- ---------- Te1/0/8 mac-based Authorized FALSE 3600 Quiet Period........
Page 499 NOTE: Dynamic VLAN creation applies only to authorized ports. The VLANs for unauthorized and guest users must be configured on the switch and cannot be dynamically created based on RADIUS-based VLAN assignment. The commands in this example show how to configure the switch to control VLAN assignment for the example network.
Page 500 To configure the switch: 1 Create the VLANs and configure the VLAN names. console(config)#vlan 100 console(config-vlan100)#name Authorized console(config-vlan100)#exit console(config)#vlan 200 console(config-vlan200)#name Unauthorized console(config-vlan200)#exit console(config)#vlan 300 console(config-vlan300)#name Guest console(config-vlan300)#exit 2 Configure information about the external RADIUS server the switch uses to authenticate clients. The RADIUS server IP address is 10.10.10.10, and the shared secret is qwerty123.
Page 501 8 Enable periodic reauthentication of the client on the ports and set the number of seconds to wait between reauthentication attempts to 300 seconds. Reauthentication is enabled to increase security. If the client information is removed from the RADIUS server after it has been authenticated, the client will be denied access when it attempts to reauthenticate.
Page 502 Allowing Dynamic VLAN Creation of RADIUS-Assigned VLANs The network in this example uses a RADIUS server to provide VLAN assignments to host that connect to the switch. In this example, the VLANs are not configured on the switch. Instead, the switch is configured to allow the dynamic creation of VLANs when a RADIUS-assigned VLAN does not already exist on the switch.
Page 503 5 Allow the switch to dynamically create VLANs when a RADIUS-assigned VLAN does not exist on the switch. console(config)#dot1x dynamic-vlan enable 6 Enter interface configuration mode for the downlink ports. console(config)#interface range te1/0/1-23 7 Set the downlink ports to the access mode because each downlink port connects to a single host that belongs to a single VLAN.
Page 504 • The RADIUS or 802.1X server must specify the policy to assign. For example, if the DiffServ policy to assign is named internet_access, include the following attribute in the RADIUS or 802.1X server configuration: Filter-id = “internet_access” • The DiffServ policy specified in the attribute must already be configured on the switch, and the policy names must be identical.
Page 505 To configure the switch : 1 Configure the DiffServ traffic class that matches SSH traffic. console#configure console(config)#class-map match-all cl-ssh console(config-classmap)#match srcl4port 23 console(config-classmap)#exit 2 Configure the DiffServ traffic class that matches HTTP traffic. console(config)#class-map match-all cl-http console(config-classmap)#match srcl4port 80 console(config-classmap)#exit 3 Configure the DiffServ policy.
Page 506 console(config)#aaa authentication dot1x default radius 8 Enter Interface Configuration mode for ports 1–23 and enable MAC- based authentication. console(config)#interface range te1/0/1-23 console(config-if)#dot1x port-control mac-based 9 Set the ports to an 802.1Q VLAN. The ports must be in general mode in order to enable MAC-based 802.1X authentication.
Page 507: Port Security (Port-Mac Locking)
Port Security (Port-MAC Locking) The Port Security feature allows you to limit the number of source MAC addresses that can be learned on a port. If a port reaches the configured limit, any other addresses beyond that limit are not learned and the frames are discarded.
Page 508 Port Security Use the Port Security page to enable MAC locking on a per-port basis. When a port is locked, you can limit the number of source MAC addresses that are allowed to transmit traffic on the port. To display the Port Security page, click Switching → Network Security → Port Security in the navigation panel.
Page 509 Figure 20-12. Configure Port Security Settings 5 Click Apply. Configuring Port and System Security...
Page 510: Configuring Port Security (Cli)
Configuring Port Security (CLI) Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to enable port security on an interface to limit the number of source MAC addresses that can be learned. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface...
Page 511: Denial Of Service
Denial of Service Denial of Service (DoS) refers to the exploitation of a variety of vulnerabilities which would interrupt the service of a host or make a network unstable. Use the Denial of Service page to configure settings to help prevent DoS attacks.
Page 512 Configuring Port and System Security...
Page 513: Configuring Access Control Lists
Configuring Access Control Lists This chapter describes how to configure Access Control Lists (ACLs), including IPv4, IPv6, and MAC ACLs. This chapter also describes how to configure time ranges that can be applied to any of the ACL types. The topics covered in this chapter include: •...
Page 514: What Are Mac Acls
Depending on whether an ingress or egress ACL is applied to a port, when the traffic enters (ingress) or leaves (egress) a port, the ACL compares the criteria configured in its rules, in order, to the fields in a packet or frame to check for matching conditions.
Page 515: What Are Ip Acls
What Are IP ACLs? IP ACLs classify for Layers 3 and 4 on IPv4 or IPv6 traffic. Each ACL is a set of up to ten rules applied to inbound traffic. Each rule specifies whether the contents of a given field should be used to permit or deny access to the network, and may apply to one or more of the following fields within a packet: •...
Page 516: What Is Acl Logging
Using ACLs to mirror traffic is considered to be flow-based mirroring since the traffic flow is defined by the ACL classification rules. This is in contrast to port mirroring, where all traffic encountered on a specific interface is replicated on another interface. What Is ACL Logging ACL Logging provides a means for counting the number of “hits”...
Page 517: What Are The Acl Limitations
A named time range can contain up to 10 configured time ranges. Only one absolute time range can be configured per time range. During the ACL configuration, you can associate a configured time range with the ACL to provide additional control over permitting or denying a user access to network resources.
Page 518: How Are Acls Configured
NOTE: The actual number of ACLs and rules supported depends on the resources consumed by other processes and configured features running on the switch. How Are ACLs Configured? To configure ACLs, follow these steps: 1 Create a MAC ACL by specifying a name. 2 Create an IP ACL by specifying a number.
Page 519 Table 21-1. Common EtherType Numbers (Continued) EtherType Protocol 0x86DD Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) 0x8808 MAC Control 0x8809 Slow Protocols (IEEE 802.3) 0x8870 Jumbo frames 0x888E EAP over LAN (EAPOL – 802.1x) 0x88CC Link Layer Discovery Protocol 0x8906 Fibre Channel over Ethernet 0x8914 FCoE Initialization Protocol 0x9100...
Page 520: Configuring Acls (Web)
Configuring ACLs (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring ACLs on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. IP ACL Configuration Use the IP ACL Configuration page to add or remove IP-based ACLs.
Page 521 Figure 21-2. Add IP ACL 4 Click Apply. Removing IPv4 ACLs To delete an IPv4 ACL: 1 From the IP ACL Name menu on the IP ACL Configuration page, select the ACL to remove. 2 Select the Remove checkbox. 3 Click Apply. Viewing IPv4 ACLs To view configured ACLs, click Show All from the IP ACL Configuration page.
Page 522: Ip Acl Rule Configuration
Figure 21-3. View IPv4 ACLs IP ACL Rule Configuration Use the IP ACL Rule Configuration page to define rules for IP-based ACLs. The access list definition includes rules that specify whether traffic matching the criteria is forwarded normally or discarded. Additionally, you can specify to assign traffic to a particular queue, filter on some traffic, change VLAN tag, shut down a port, and/or redirect the traffic to a particular port.
Page 523 Figure 21-4. IP ACL - Rule Configuration Removing an IP ACL Rule To delete an IP ACL rule: 1 From the Rule ID menu, select the ID of the rule to delete. 2 Select the Remove option near the bottom of the page. 3 Click Apply to remove the selected rule.
Page 524: Mac Acl Configuration
MAC ACL Configuration Use the MAC ACL Configuration page to define a MAC-based ACL. To display the MAC ACL Configuration page, click Switching → Network Security → Access Control Lists → MAC Access Control Lists → Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 21-5.
Page 525 Figure 21-6. Add MAC ACL 4 Click Apply. Renaming or Removing MAC ACLs To rename or delete a MAC ACL: 1 From the MAC ACL Name menu on the MAC ACL Configuration page, select the ACL to rename or remove. 2 To rename the ACL, select the Rename checkbox and enter a new name in the associated field.
Page 526: Mac Acl Rule Configuration
MAC ACL Rule Configuration Use the MAC ACL Rule Configuration page to define rules for MAC-based ACLs. The access list definition includes rules that specify whether traffic matching the criteria is forwarded normally or discarded. A default deny all rule is the last rule of every list. To display the MAC ACL Rule Configuration page, click Switching →...
Page 527: Ipv6 Acl Configuration
IPv6 ACL Configuration Use the IPv6 ACL Configuration page to add or remove IP-based ACLs. To display the IP ACL Configuration page, click Switching → Network Security → Access Control Lists → IPv6 Access Control Lists → IPv6 ACL Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 21-8.
Page 528: Ipv6 Acl Rule Configuration
Figure 21-9. Add IPv6 ACL 4 Click Apply. Removing IPv6 ACLs To delete an IPv6 ACL: 1 From the IPv6 ACL Name menu on the IPv6 ACL Configuration page, select the ACL to remove. 2 Select the Remove checkbox. 3 Click Apply. Viewing IPv6 ACLs To view configured ACLs, click Show All from the IPv6 ACL Configuration page.
Page 529 To display the IPv6 ACL Rule Configuration page, click Switching → Network Security → Access Control Lists → IPv6 Access Control Lists → Rule Configuration in the navigation menu. Figure 21-10. IPv6 ACL - Rule Configuration Removing an IPv6 ACL Rule To delete an IPv6 ACL rule: 1 From the Rule ID menu, select the ID of the rule to delete.
Page 530: Acl Binding Configuration
ACL Binding Configuration When an ACL is bound to an interface, all the rules that have been defined are applied to the selected interface. Use the ACL Binding Configuration page to assign ACL lists to ACL Priorities and Interfaces. From the web interface, you can configure the ACL rule in the ingress or egress direction so that the ACLs implement security rules for packets entering or exiting the port.
Page 531: Time Range Entry Configuration
Time Range Entry Configuration Use the Time Range Entry Configuration page to define time ranges to associate with ACL rules. To display the Time Range Entry Configuration page, click System → Time Synchronization → Time Range Configuration in the navigation panel. The following image shows the page after at least one time range has been added.
Page 532 Figure 21-13. Add a Time Range 3 Click Apply. 4 Click Configuration to return to the Time Range Entry Configuration page. 5 In the Time Range Name field, select the name of the time range to configure. 6 Specify an ID for the time range. You can configure up to 10 different time range entries to include in the named range.
Page 533: Configuring Acls (Cli)
Configuring ACLs (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to create and configure ACLs. For more information about the commands, see the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring an IPv4 ACL Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to create an IPv4 ACL, configure rules for the ACL, and bind the ACL to an interface.
Page 534 Command Purpose portvalue (continued) • — The source layer 4 port match condition for the ACL rule is specified by the port value parameter (Range: 0–65535). portkey portkey • — Or you can specify the , which can be one of the following keywords: domain, echo, ftp, ftpdata, http, smtp, snmp, telnet, tftp, and www.
Page 535: Configuring A Mac Acl
Command Purpose CTRL + Z Exit to Privileged EXEC mode. show ip access-lists Display all IPv4 access lists and all of the rules that are name name defined for the IPv4 ACL. Use the optional parameter to identify a specific IPv4 ACL to display. Configuring a MAC ACL Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to create an MAC ACL, configure rules for the ACL, and bind the ACL to an interface.
Page 536 Command Purpose (Continued) • vlan eq — VLAN number. (Range 0-4095) • cos — Class of service. (Range 0-7) • log — Specifies that this rule is to be logged. time-range-name • — Specifies the named time range to associate with the ACL rule. •...
Page 537: Configuring An Ipv6 Acl
Command Purpose show mac access-lists Display all MAC access lists and all of the rules that are name name defined for the MAC ACL. Use the optional parameter to identify a specific MAC ACL to display. Configuring an IPv6 ACL Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to create an IPv6 ACL, configure rules for the ACL, and bind the ACL to an interface.
Page 538 Command Purpose destination ipv6 prefix (Continued) • — IPv6 prefix in IPv6 global address format. value • flow label — The value to match in the Flow Label field of the IPv6 header (Range 0–1048575). dscp • dscp — Specifies the TOS for an IPv6 ACL rule depending on a match of DSCP values using the parameter dscp.
Page 539: Configuring A Time Range
Command Purpose CTRL + Z Exit to Privileged EXEC mode. show ipv6 access-lists Display all IPv6 access lists and all of the rules that are name name defined for the IPv6 ACL. Use the optional parameter to identify a specific IPv6 ACL to display. Configuring a Time Range Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to create a time range and configure time-based entries for the time range.
Page 540 Command Purpose days-of-the- periodic { Configure a recurring time entry for the named time week time days-of- } to {[ range. the-week time days-of-the-week • —The first occurrence indicates the starting day(s) the ACL goes into effect. The second occurrence is the ending day(s) when the ACL rule is no days-of-the-week longer in effect.
Page 541: Acl Configuration Examples
ACL Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring an IP ACL • Configuring a MAC ACL • Configuring a Time-Based ACL • Configuring a Management Access List Configuring an IP ACL The commands in this example set up an IP ACL that permits hosts in the 192.168.77.0/24 subnet to send TCP and UDP traffic only to the host with an IP address of 192.168.77.50.
Page 542 Figure 21-14. IP ACL Example Network Diagram PowerConnect Switch (Layer 3) Port Te 1/0/2 UDP or TCP packet to UDP or TCP packet to 192.168.88.50 rejected: 192.168.77.50 permitted: Layer 2 Switch Dest. IP not in range. Dest. IP in range. 192.168.77.1 192.168.77.2 192.168.77.3...
Page 543: Configuring A Mac Acl
3 Apply the rule to inbound (ingress) traffic on 10-Gigabit Ethernet Port 2. Only traffic matching the criteria will be accepted on this port. console(config)#interface te1/0/2 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#ip access-group list1 console(config-if-Te11/0/2)#exit Configuring a MAC ACL The following example creates a MAC ACL named mac1 that denies all IPX traffic on all ports.
Page 544 mac1 ch1-12, Inbound Te1/0/1- Te1/0/24 console#show mac access-lists mac1 MAC ACL Name: mac1 Inbound Interface(s): ch1-12,Te1/0/1-Te1/0/24 Rule Number: 1 Action........deny Ethertype........ ipx Rule Number: 2 Action........permit Match All....... TRUE Configuring Access Control Lists...
Page 545: Configuring A Time-Based Acl
Configuring a Time-Based ACL The following example configures an ACL that denies HTTP traffic from 8:00 pm to 12:00 pm and 1:00 pm to 6:00 pm on weekdays and from 8:30 am to 12:30 pm on weekends. The ACL affects all hosts connected to ports that are members of VLAN 100.
Page 546: Configuring A Management Access List
7 Verify the configuration. console#show ip access-lists web-limit IP ACL Name: web-limit Inbound VLAN(s): Rule Number: 1 Action......deny Match All......FALSE Protocol......6(tcp) Source IP Address....any Destination IP Address.... any Destination L4 Port Keyword..80(www/http)ip Time Range Name....work-hours Rule Status.......
Page 547 Command Purpose management access-list Define an access list for management, and enter the name access-list for configuration. permit ip-source Allow access to the management interface from hosts that address mask [mask meet the specified IP address value and other optional prefix-length interface- criteria.
Page 548 Management Access List Example The commands in this example create a management ACL that permits access to the switch through the in-band switch ports on VLAN 1 and on port 9 from hosts with an IP address in the 10.27.65.0 subnet. Attempts to access the management interfaces from any other hosts and on any other interfaces is denied.
Page 549 console#show management access-class Management access-class is enabled, using access list mgmt_ACL. Configuring Access Control Lists...
Page 550 Configuring Access Control Lists...
Page 551: Configuring Vlans
Configuring VLANs This chapter describes how to configure VLANs, including port-based VLANs, protocol-based VLANs, double-tagged VLANs, subnet-based VLANs, and Voice VLANs. The topics covered in this chapter include: • VLAN Overview • Default VLAN Behavior • Configuring VLANs (Web) • Configuring VLANs (CLI) •...
Page 552 priority over other traffic, such as data. Administrators also use VLANs to protect network resources. Traffic sent by authenticated clients might be assigned to one VLAN, while traffic sent from unauthenticated clients might be assigned to a different VLAN that allows limited network access. When one host in a VLAN sends a broadcast, the switch forwards traffic only to other members of that VLAN.
Page 553 Figure 22-1. Simple VLAN Topology Router Engineering VLAN 100 Switch Payroll VLAN 300 Tech Pubs VLAN 200 In this example, each port is manually configured so that the end station attached to the port is a member of the VLAN configured for the port. The VLAN membership for this network is port-based or static.
Page 554: Switchport Modes
Table 22-1 provides an overview of the types of VLANs you can use to logically divide the network. Table 22-1. VLAN Assignment VLAN Assignment Description Port-based (Static) This is the most common way to assign hosts to VLANs. The port where the traffic enters the switch determines the VLAN membership.
Page 555: Vlan Tagging
• General — General ports can act like access or trunk ports or a hybrid of both. VLAN membership rules that apply to a port are based on the switchport mode configured for the port. Table 22-2 shows the behavior of the three switchport modes.
Page 556: Gvrp
By default, trunk ports are members of all existing VLANs and will automatically participate in any newly created VLANs. The administrator can restrict the VLAN membership of a trunk port. VLAN membership for tagged frames received on a trunk port is configured separately from the membership of the native VLAN.
Page 557: Voice Vlan
With the introduction of this second tag, customers are no longer required to divide the 4-byte VLAN ID space to send traffic on a Ethernet-based MAN. In short, every frame that is transmitted from an interface has a double-VLAN tag attached, while every packet that is received from an interface has a tag removed (if one or more tags are present).
Page 558 Voice over IP (VoIP) traffic is inherently time-sensitive: for a network to provide acceptable service, the transmission rate is vital. The priority level enables the separation of voice and data traffic coming onto the port. A primary benefit of using Voice VLAN is to ensure that the sound quality of an IP phone is safeguarded from deteriorating when the data traffic on the port is high.
Page 559 Segregating Traffic with the Voice VLAN You can configure the switch to support Voice VLAN on a port that is connecting the VoIP phone. Both of the following methods segregate the voice traffic and the data traffic in order to provide better service to the voice traffic.
Page 560: Private Vlans
Private VLANs Private VLANs partition a standard VLAN domain into two or more subdomains. Each subdomain is defined by a primary VLAN and a secondary VLAN. The primary VLAN ID is the same for all subdomains that belong to a particular private VLAN instance.
Page 561 attached to promiscuous ports. Then, if one of the servers is compromised, the intruder cannot use it to attack another server in the same network segment. The same traffic isolation can be achieved by assigning each port with a different VLAN, allocating an IP subnet for each VLAN, and enabling layer 3 routing between them.
Page 562 Promiscuous Ports An endpoint connected to a promiscuous port is allowed to communicate with any endpoint within the private VLAN. Multiple promiscuous ports can be defined for a single private VLAN domain. In the configuration shown in Figure 22-3, the port connected from SW1 to R1 (TE1/1/1) is configured as a promiscuous port.
Page 563 received traffic to the promiscuous ports and other community ports using the same secondary VLAN. Isolated ports transmit received traffic to the promiscuous ports only. The ports to which the broadcast traffic is forwarded depend on the type of port on which the traffic was received. If the received port is a host port, traffic is broadcast to all promiscuous and trunk ports.
Page 564 Table 22-5. Forwarding Rules for Traffic in Isolated VLAN From promiscuous community 1 community 2 isolated stack (trunk) promiscuous community 1 community 2 isolated allow deny deny deny allow stack (trunk) allow deny deny deny Allow Limitations and Recommendations • Only a single isolated VLAN can be associated with a primary VLAN.
Page 565: Additional Vlan Features
• If static MAC addresses are added for the host port, the same static MAC address entry must be added to the associated primary VLAN. This does not need to be replicated for dynamic MAC addresses. • A private VLAN cannot be enabled on a management VLAN. •...
Page 566: Default Vlan Behavior
Default VLAN Behavior One VLAN is configured on the PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches by default. The VLAN ID is 1, and all ports are included in the VLAN as access ports, which are untagged. This means when a device connects to any port on the switch, the port forwards the packets without inserting a VLAN tag.
Page 567 Table 22-7 shows the default values or maximum values for VLAN features. Table 22-7. Additional VLAN Default and Maximum Values Feature Value Default VLAN VLAN 1 VLAN Name No VLAN name is configured except for VLAN 1, whose name “default” cannot be changed. VLAN Range 2–4093 Switchport mode...
Page 568: Configuring Vlans (Web)
Configuring VLANs (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring VLANs on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. VLAN Membership Use the VLAN Membership page to create VLANs and define VLAN groups stored in the VLAN membership table.
Page 569 Table 22-8. VLAN Port Membership Definitions Port Control Definition Blank Blank: the interface is not a VLAN member. Packets in this VLAN are not forwarded on this interface. To perform additional port configuration, such as making the port a trunk port, use the Port Settings page.
Page 570 3 Specify a VLAN ID and a VLAN name. Figure 22-5. Add VLAN 4 Click Apply. Configuring Ports as VLAN Members To add member ports to a VLAN: 1 Open the VLAN Membership page. 2 From the Show VLAN menu, select the VLAN to which you want to assign ports.
Page 571 Figure 22-6. Add Ports to VLAN 4 Click Apply. 5 Verify that the ports have been added to the VLAN. Configuring VLANs...
Page 572 In Figure 22-7, the presence of the letter U in the Current row indicates that the port is an untagged member of the VLAN. Figure 22-7. Add Ports to VLAN Configuring VLANs...
Page 573: Vlan Port Settings
VLAN Port Settings Use the VLAN Port Settings page to add ports to an existing VLAN and to configure settings for the port. If you select Trunk or Access as the Port VLAN Mode, some of the fields are not configurable because of the requirements for that mode.
Page 574: Vlan Lag Settings
Figure 22-9. VLAN Settings for All Ports VLAN LAG Settings Use the VLAN LAG Settings page to map a LAG to a VLAN and to configure specific VLAN settings for the LAG. To display the LAG Settings page, click Switching → VLAN → LAG Settings in the navigation panel.
Page 575 Figure 22-10. VLAN LAG Settings From the LAG Settings page, click Show All to see the current VLAN settings for all LAGs. You can change the settings for one or more LAGs by clicking the Edit option for a port and selecting or entering new values. Figure 22-11.
Page 576: Bind Mac To Vlan
Bind MAC to VLAN Use the Bind MAC to VLAN page to map a MAC address to a VLAN. After the source MAC address and the VLAN ID are specified, the MAC to VLAN configurations are shared across all ports of the switch. The MAC to VLAN table supports up to 128 entries.
Page 577: Bind Ip Subnet To Vlan
Figure 22-13. MAC-VLAN Bind Table Bind IP Subnet to VLAN Use the Bind IP Subnet to VLAN page to assign an IP Subnet to a VLAN. The IP Subnet to VLAN configurations are shared across all ports of the switch. There can be up to 64 entries configured in this table. To display the Bind IP Subnet to VLAN page, click Switching →...
Page 578 Figure 22-14. Bind IP Subnet to VLAN From the Bind IP Subnet to VLAN page, click Show All to see the IP subnets that are mapped to VLANs. From this page, you can change the settings for one or more entries or remove an entry. Figure 22-15.
Page 579: Gvrp Parameters
GVRP Parameters Use the GVRP Parameters page to enable GVRP globally and configure the port settings. To display the GVRP Parameters page, click Switching → VLAN → GVRP Parameters in the navigation panel. Figure 22-16. GVRP Parameters From the GVRP Parameters page, click Show All to see the GVRP configuration for all ports.
Page 580 Figure 22-17. GVRP Port Parameters Table Configuring VLANs...
Page 581: Protocol Group
Protocol Group Use the Protocol Group page to configure which EtherTypes go to which VLANs, and then enable certain ports to use these settings. Protocol-based VLANs are most often used in situations where network segments contain hosts running multiple protocols. To display the Protocol Group page, click Switching →...
Page 582: Adding A Protocol Group
Adding a Protocol Group To add a protocol group: 1 Open the Protocol Group page. 2 Click Add to display the Add Protocol Group page. 3 Create a name for the group and associate a VLAN with the group. Figure 22-19. Add Protocol Group 4 Click Apply.
Page 583 Figure 22-20. Configure Protocol Group 8 Click Apply. 9 Click Show All to see the protocol-based VLANs and their members. Figure 22-21. Protocol Group Table Configuring VLANs...
Page 584: Double Vlan Global Configuration
Double VLAN Global Configuration Use the Double VLAN Global Configuration page to specify the value of the EtherType field in the first EtherType/tag pair of the double-tagged frame. To display the Double VLAN Global Configuration page, click Switching → VLAN → Double VLAN → Global Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 22-22.
Page 585: Double Vlan Interface Configuration
Double VLAN Interface Configuration Use the Double VLAN Interface Configuration page to specify the value of the EtherType field in the first EtherType/tag pair of the double-tagged frame. To display the Double VLAN Interface Configuration page, click Switching → VLAN → Double VLAN → Interface Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 586 Figure 22-24. Double VLAN Port Parameter Table Configuring VLANs...
Page 587: Voice Vlan
Voice VLAN Use the Voice VLAN Configuration page to configure and view voice VLAN settings that apply to the entire system and to specific interfaces. To display the page, click Switching → VLAN → Voice VLAN → Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 22-25.
Page 588: Configuring Vlans (Cli)
Configuring VLANs (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to create and configure VLANs. For more information about the commands, see the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Creating a VLAN Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure a VLAN and associate a name with the VLAN.
Page 589: Configuring A Port In Trunk Mode
interface is automatically removed from its previous VLAN membership. You can configure each interface separately, or you can configure a range of interfaces with the same settings. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface interface.
Page 590 Command Purpose interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface interface. The variable includes the interface type and number, for example tengigabitethernet 1/0/3. You can also specify a range of interfaces with the interface range command, for example, interface range tengigabitethernet 1/0/8-12 configures interfaces 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12.
Page 591 Command Purpose show interfaces Display information about the VLAN settings configured interface interface switchport for the specified interface. The variable includes the interface type and number. Configuring VLANs...
Page 592: Configuring A Port In General Mode
Configuring a Port in General Mode Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure an interface with full 802.1q support and configure the VLAN membership information for the interface. Except when noted as required (for example, when configuring MAB, Voice VLAN, or 802.1x), it is recommended that operators use either trunk or access mode.
Page 593: Configuring Vlan Settings For A Lag
Command Purpose switchport general pvid (Optional) Set the port VLAN ID. Untagged traffic that vlan-id enters the switch through this port is tagged with the PVID. vlan-id — PVID. The selected PVID assignment must be to an existing VLAN. (Range: 1–4093). Entering a PVID value does not remove the previous PVID value from the list of allowed VLANs.
Page 594 Command Purpose CTRL + Z Exit to Privileged EXEC mode. show interfaces Display information about the VLAN settings configured switchport port-channel for the specified LAG. channel-id Configuring VLANs...
Page 595: Configuring Double Vlan Tagging
Configuring Double VLAN Tagging Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure an interface to send and accept frames with double VLAN tagging. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface interface.
Page 596: Configuring Mac-Based Vlans
Configuring MAC-Based VLANs Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to associate a MAC address with a configured VLAN. The VLAN does not need to be configured on the system to associate a MAC address with it. You can create up to 256 VLAN to MAC address associations.
Page 597: Configuring Ip-Based Vlans
Configuring IP-Based VLANs Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to associate an IP subnet with a configured VLAN. The VLAN does not need to be configured on the system to associate an IP subnet with it. You can create up to 256 VLAN to MAC address associations.
Page 598 Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. vlan protocol group Create a new protocol group. name exit Exit to Privileged EXEC mode. show port protocol all Obtain the group ID for the newly configured group. configure Enter global configuration mode. vlan protocol group add Add any EtherType protocol to the protocol-based VLAN groupid...
Page 599: Configuring Gvrp
Command Purpose groupid protocol group Attach a VLAN ID to the protocol-based group identified vlanid by groupid. A group may only be associated with one VLAN at a time. However, the VLAN association can be changed. groupid • — The protocol-based VLAN group ID, which is automatically generated when you create a protocol- based VLAN group with the vlan protocol group command.
Page 600 Command Purpose switchport forbidden (Optional) Forbids adding the specified VLANs to a port. vlan- vlan {add To revert to allowing the addition of specific VLANs to the list vlan-list |remove port, use the remove parameter of this command. vlan-list — List of valid VLAN IDs to add to the forbidden list.
Page 601: Configuring Voice Vlans
Configuring Voice VLANs Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to enable the Voice VLAN feature on the switch and on an interface. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. voice vlan Enable the voice vlan capability on the switch. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified...
Page 602: Vlan Configuration Examples
VLAN Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring VLANs Using Dell OpenManage Administrator • Configuring VLANs Using the CLI • Configuring a Voice VLAN NOTE: For an example that shows how to use a RADIUS server to provide VLAN information, see "Controlling Authentication-Based VLAN Assignment"...
Page 603 Figure 22-26 shows the network topology for this example. As the figure shows, there are two switches, two file servers, and many hosts. One switch has an uplink port that connects it to a layer 3 device and the rest of the corporate network.
Page 604 Table 22-10 shows the port assignments on the switches. Table 22-10. Switch Port Connections Port/LAG Function Switch 1 Connects to Switch 2 2–15 Host ports for Payroll 16–20 Host ports for Marketing LAG1 (ports 21–24) Connects to Payroll server Switch 2 Connects to Switch 1 2–10 Host ports for Marketing...
Page 605: Configuring Vlans Using Dell Openmanage Administrator
Configuring VLANs Using Dell OpenManage Administrator This example shows how to perform the configuration by using the web- based interface. Configure the VLANs and Ports on Switch 1 Use the following steps to configure the VLANs and ports on Switch 1. None of the hosts that connect to Switch 1 use the Engineering VLAN (VLAN 100), so it is not necessary to create it on that switch.
Page 606 2 Assign ports 16–20 to the Marketing VLAN. From the Switching → VLAN → VLAN Membership page, select 200-Marketing from the Show VLAN field. In the Static row, click the space for ports 16–20 so the U (untagged) displays for each port. Figure 22-28.
Page 607 5. Configure LAG 1 to be in general mode and specify that the LAG will accept tagged or untagged frames, but that untagged frames will be transmitted tagged with PVID 400. From the Switching → VLAN → LAG Settings page, make sure Po1 is selected.
Page 608 Figure 22-30. Trunk Port Configuration 7 From the Switching → VLAN → VLAN Membership page, verify that port 1 is marked as a tagged member (T) for each VLAN. Figure 22-31 shows VLAN 200, in which port 1 is a tagged member, and ports 16–20 are untagged members.
Page 609: Configure The Vlans And Ports On Switch 2
Figure 22-32. Trunk Port Configuration Repeat steps b–d to add additional MAC address-to-VLAN information for the Sales department. 9 To save the configuration so that it persists across a system reset, use the following steps: Go to the System → File Management→ Copy Files page Select Copy Configuration and ensure that Running Config is the source and Startup Config is the destination.
Page 610: Configuring Vlans Using The Cli
2. Configure LAG 1 as a general port so that it can be a member of multiple VLANs. From the Switching → VLAN → LAG Settings page, make sure Po1 is selected. From the Port VLAN Mode field, select General. Click Apply.
Page 611 console(config-vlan300)#name Sales console(config-vlan300)#exit console(config)#vlan 400 console(config-vlan400)#name Payroll console(config-vlan400)#exit 2. Assign ports 16–20 to the Marketing VLAN. console(config)#interface range tengigabitEthernet 1/0/16-20 console(config-if)#switchport mode access console(config-if)#switchport access vlan 200 console(config-if)#exit 3. Assign ports 2–15 to the Payroll VLAN console(config)#interface range tengigabitEthernet 1/0/2-15 console(config-if)#switchport mode access console(config-if)#switchport access vlan 400 console(config-if)#exit...
Page 612 6. Configure the MAC-based VLAN information. The following commands show how to associate a system with a MAC address of 00:1C:23:55:E9:8B with VLAN 300. Repeat the vlan association mac command to associate additional MAC addresses with VLAN 300. console(config)#vlan database console(config-vlan)#vlan association mac 00:1C:23:55:E9:8B 300 console(config-vlan)#exit...
Page 613 Protected:Disabled Port Te1/0/1 is member in: VLAN Name Egress rule Type ---- ----------------- ----------- -------- Marketing Tagged Static Sales Tagged Static Payroll Tagged Static Configure the VLANs and Ports on Switch 2 Use the following steps to configure the VLANs and ports on Switch 2. Many of the procedures in this section are the same as procedures used to configure Switch 1.
Page 614: Configuring A Voice Vlan
Configuring a Voice VLAN The commands in this example create a VLAN for voice traffic with a VLAN ID of 25. Port 10 is set to an 802.1Q VLAN. In in this example, there are multiple devices connected to port 10, so the port must be in general mode in order to enable MAC-based 802.1X authentication.
Page 615 6 Disable authentication for the voice VLAN on the port. This step is required only if the voice phone does not support port-based authentication. console(config-if-Te1/0/10)#voice vlan auth disable 7 Exit to Privileged Exec mode. console(config-if-Te1/0/10)#<CTRL+Z> 8 View the voice VLAN settings for port 10. console#show voice vlan interface te1/0/10 Interface......
Page 616 switch(config-vlan-100)# private-vlan association 101-102 switch(config-vlan-100)# exit This completes the configuration of the private VLAN. The only remaining step is to assign the ports to the private VLAN. 3 Assign the router connected port to the primary VLAN: console(config)#interface te1/1/1 console(config-if-Te1/1/1)#switchport mode private-vlan promiscuous console(config-if-Te1/1/1)#switchport private-vlan mapping 100 101-102...
Page 617 isolated console#show vlan private-vlan Primary VLAN Secondary VLAN Community ------------ -------------- ------------------- console(config)#show vlan VLAN Name Ports Type ----- ----------- ------------- ------------- default Po1-128, Default Te1/1/1, Gi1/0/1-10, Gi1/0/13-24 VLAN0100 Te1/1/1, Static Gi1/0/11-12 VLAN0101 Gi1/0/11 Static VLAN0102 Gi1/0/12 Static Configuring VLANs...
Page 618 Configuring VLANs...
Page 619: Configuring The Spanning Tree
Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol This chapter describes how to configure the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) settings on the switch. The topics covered in this chapter include: • STP Overview • Default STP Values • Configuring Spanning Tree (Web) • Configuring Spanning Tree (CLI) •...
Page 620: How Does Stp Work
recognize full-duplex connectivity and ports which are connected to end stations, resulting in rapid transitioning of the port to the Forwarding state and the suppression of Topology Change Notifications. MSTP is compatible to both RSTP and STP . It behaves appropriately to STP and RSTP bridges.
Page 621: How Does Mstp Operate In The Network
How Does MSTP Operate in the Network? In the following diagram of a small 802.1d bridged network, STP is necessary to create an environment with full connectivity and without loops. Figure 23-1. Small Bridged Network Assume that Switch A is elected to be the Root Bridge, and Port 1 on Switch B and Switch C are calculated to be the root ports for those bridges, Port 2 on Switch B and Switch C would be placed into the Blocking state.
Page 622 Figure 23-2 shows the logical single STP network topology. Figure 23-2. Single STP Topology For VLAN 10 this single STP topology is fine and presents no limitations or inefficiencies. On the other hand, VLAN 20's traffic pattern is inefficient. All frames from Switch B will have to traverse a path through Switch A before arriving at Switch C.
Page 623 The logical representation of the MSTP environment for these three switches is shown in Figure 23-3. Figure 23-3. Logical MSTP Environment Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol...
Page 624 In order for MSTP to correctly establish the different MSTIs as above, some additional changes are required. For example, the configuration would have to be the same on each and every bridge. That means that Switch B would have to add VLAN 10 to its list of supported VLANs (shown in Figure 23-3 with a *).
Page 625: Mstp With Multiple Forwarding Paths
MSTP with Multiple Forwarding Paths Consider the physical topology shown in Figure 23-4. It might be assumed that MSTI 2 and MSTI 3 would follow the most direct path for VLANs 20 and 30. However, using the default path costs, this is not the case. MSTI operates without considering the VLAN membership of the ports.
Page 626: What Are The Optional Stp Features
What are the Optional STP Features? The PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches support the following optional STP features: • BPDU flooding • PortFast • BPDU filtering • Root guard • Loop guard • BPDU protection BPDU Flooding The BPDU flooding feature determines the behavior of the switch when it receives a BPDU on a port that is disabled for spanning tree.
Page 627 Root Guard Enabling root guard on a port ensures that the port does not become a root port or a blocked port. When a switch is elected as the root bridge, all ports are designated ports unless two or more ports of the root bridge are connected together.
Page 628 BPDU Protection When the switch is used as an access layer device, most ports function as edge ports that connect to a device such as a desktop computer or file server. The port has a single, direct connection and is configured as an edge port to implement the fast transition to a forwarding state.
Page 629: Default Stp Values
Default STP Values Spanning tree is globally enabled on the switch and on all ports and LAGs. Table 23-1 summarizes the default values for STP. Table 23-1. STP Defaults Parameter Default Value Enable state Enabled (globally and on all ports) Spanning-tree mode RSTP (Classic STP and MSTP are disabled) Switch priority...
Page 630: Configuring Spanning Tree (Web)
Configuring Spanning Tree (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring STP settings on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. STP Global Settings The STP Global Settings page contains fields for enabling STP on the switch.
Page 631 Figure 23-5. Spanning Tree Global Settings Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol...
Page 632: Stp Port Settings
STP Port Settings Use the STP Port Settings page to assign STP properties to individual ports. To display the STP Port Settings page, click Switching → Spanning Tree → STP Port Settings in the navigation panel. Figure 23-6. STP Port Settings Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol...
Page 633 Configuring STP Settings for Multiple Ports To configure STP settings for multiple ports: 1 Open the STP Port Settings page. 2 Click Show All to display the STP Port Table. Figure 23-7. Configure STP Port Settings 3 For each port to configure, select the check box in the Edit column in the row associated with the port.
Page 634: Stp Lag Settings
STP LAG Settings Use the STP LAG Settings page to assign STP aggregating ports parameters. To display the STP LAG Settings page, click Switching → Spanning Tree → STP LAG Settings in the navigation panel. Figure 23-8. STP LAG Settings Configuring STP Settings for Multiple LAGs To configure STP settings on multiple LAGS: 1 Open the STP LAG Settings page.
Page 635: Rapid Spanning Tree
Figure 23-9. Configure STP LAG Settings 3 For each LAG to configure, select the check box in the Edit column in the row associated with the LAG. 4 Select the desired settings. 5 Click Apply. Rapid Spanning Tree Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) detects and uses network topologies that allow a faster convergence of the spanning tree without creating forwarding loops.
Page 636 Figure 23-10. Rapid Spanning Tree To view RSTP Settings for all interfaces, click the Show All link. The Rapid Spanning Tree Table displays. Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol...
Page 637 Figure 23-11. RSTP LAG Settings Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol...
Page 638: Mstp Settings
MSTP Settings The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) supports multiple instances of Spanning Tree to efficiently channel VLAN traffic over different interfaces. MSTP is compatible with both RSTP and STP; a MSTP bridge can be configured to behave entirely as a RSTP bridge or a STP bridge. To display the MSTP Settings page, click Switching →...
Page 639 Viewing and Modifying the Instance ID for Multiple VLANs To configure MSTP settings for multiple VLANS: 1 Open the MSTP Settings page. 2 Click Show All to display the MSTP Settings Table. Figure 23-13. Configure MSTP Settings 3 For each Instance ID to modify, select the check box in the Edit column in the row associated with the VLAN.
Page 640: Mstp Interface Settings
MSTP Interface Settings Use the MSTP Interface Settings page to assign MSTP settings to specific interfaces. To display the MSTP Interface Settings page, click Switching → Spanning Tree → MSTP Interface Settings in the navigation panel. Figure 23-14. MSTP Interface Settings Configuring MSTP Settings for Multiple Interfaces To configure MSTP settings for multiple interfaces: 1 Open the MSTP Interface Settings page.
Page 641 Figure 23-15. Configure MSTP Interface Settings 3 For each interface to configure, select the check box in the Edit column in the row associated with the interface. 4 Update the desired settings. 5 Click Apply. Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol...
Page 642: Configuring Spanning Tree (Cli)
Configuring Spanning Tree (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to configure STP settings on the switch. For more information about the commands, see PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Global STP Bridge Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure the global STP settings for the switch, such as the priority and timers.
Page 643: Configuring Optional Stp Features
Command Purpose show spanning-tree View information about spanning tree and the spanning [detail] [active | tree configuration on the switch. blockedports] Configuring Optional STP Features Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure the optional STP features on the switch or on specific interfaces. Command Purpose configure...
Page 644: Configuring Stp Interface Settings
Command Purpose spanning-tree tcnguard Prevent the port from propagating topology change notifications. CTRL + Z Exit to Privileged EXEC mode. show spanning-tree View various spanning tree settings and parameters for the summary switch. Configuring STP Interface Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure the STP settings for a specific interface.
Page 645: Configuring Mstp Switch Settings
Configuring MSTP Switch Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure MSTP settings for the switch. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. spanning-tree mst Enable configuring an MST region by entering the configuration multiple spanning-tree (MST) mode. string name Define the MST configuration name...
Page 646: Configuring Mstp Interface Settings
Configuring MSTP Interface Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure MSTP settings for the switch. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface. interface variable includes the interface type and number, for example tengigabitethernet 1/0/3 or port-channel 4.
Page 647: Stp Configuration Examples
STP Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring STP • Configuring MSTP Configuring STP This example shows a LAN with four switches. On each switch, ports 1, 2, and 3 connect to other switches, and ports 4–20 connect to hosts (in Figure 23-16, each PC represents 17 host systems).
Page 648 Of the four switches in Figure 23-16, the administrator decides that Switch A is the most centrally located in the network and is the least likely to be moved or redeployed. For these reasons, the administrator selects it as the root bridge for the spanning tree.
Page 649: Configuring Mstp
Configuring MSTP This example shows how to configure IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree (MST) protocol on the switches shown in Figure 23-17. Figure 23-17. MSTP Configuration Example To make multiple switches be part of the same MSTP region, make sure the STP operational mode for all switches is MSTP.
Page 650 5 Change the region name so that all the bridges that want to be part of the same region can form the region. console(config-mst)#name dell console(config-mst)#exit 6 (Switch A only) Configure Switch A to be the root bridge of the spanning tree (CIST Regional Root) by configuring a higher root bridge priority.
Page 651: Discovering Network Devices
Discovering Network Devices This chapter describes the Industry Standard Discovery Protocol (ISDP) feature and the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) feature, including LLDP for Media Endpoint Devices (LLDP-MED). The topics covered in this chapter include: • Device Discovery Overview • Default IDSP and LLDP Values •...
Page 652: What Is Lldp-Med
LLDP is a one-way protocol; there are no request/response sequences. Information is advertised by stations implementing the transmit function, and is received and processed by stations implementing the receive function. The transmit and receive functions can be enabled/disabled separately on each switch port.
Page 653: Default Idsp And Lldp Values
Default IDSP and LLDP Values ISDP and LLDP are globally enabled on the switch and enabled on all ports by default. By default, the switch transmits and receives LLDP information on all ports. LLDP-MED is disabled on all ports. Table 24-1 summarizes the default values for ISDP . Table 24-1.
Page 654 Table 24-3 summarizes the default values for LLDP-MED. Table 24-3. LLDP-MED Defaults Parameter Default Value LLDP-MED Mode Disabled on all ports Config Notification Mode Disabled on all ports Transmit TVLs MED Capabilities Network Policy Discovering Network Devices...
Page 655: Configuring Isdp And Lldp (Web)
Configuring ISDP and LLDP (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring IDSP and LLDP/LLDP- MED on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. ISDP Global Configuration From the ISDP Global Configuration page, you can configure the ISDP settings for the switch, such as the administrative mode.
Page 656: Isdp Cache Table
ISDP Cache Table From the ISDP Cache Table page, you can view information about other devices the switch has discovered through the ISDP . To access the ISDP Cache Table page, click System → ISDP → Cache Table in the navigation panel. Figure 24-2.
Page 657: Isdp Interface Configuration
ISDP Interface Configuration From the ISDP Interface Configuration page, you can configure the ISDP settings for each interface. If ISDP is enabled on an interface, it must also be enabled globally in order for the interface to transmit ISDP packets. If the ISDP mode on the ISDP Global Configuration page is disabled, the interface will not transmit ISDP packets, regardless of the mode configured on the interface.
Page 658 To view view the ISDP mode for multiple interfaces, click Show All. Figure 24-4. ISDP Interface Summary Discovering Network Devices...
Page 659: Isdp Statistics
ISDP Statistics From the ISDP Statistics page, you can view information about the ISDP packets sent and received by the switch. To access the ISDP Statistics page, click System → ISDP → Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 24-5. ISDP Statistics Discovering Network Devices...
Page 660: Lldp Configuration
LLDP Configuration Use the LLDP Configuration page to specify LLDP parameters. Parameters that affect the entire system as well as those for a specific interface can be specified here. To display the LLDP Configuration page, click Switching → LLDP → Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 661 To view the LLDP Interface Settings Table, click Show All. From the LLDP Interface Settings Table page, you can view and edit information about the LLDP settings for multiple interfaces. Figure 24-7. LLDP Interface Settings Table Discovering Network Devices...
Page 662: Lldp Statistics
LLDP Statistics Use the LLDP Statistics page to view LLPD-related statistics. To display the LLDP Statistics page, click Switching → LLDP → Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 24-8. LLDP Statistics Discovering Network Devices...
Page 663: Lldp Connections
LLDP Connections Use the LLDP Connections page to view the list of ports with LLDP enabled. Basic connection details are displayed. To display the LLDP Connections page, click Switching → LLDP → Connections in the navigation panel. Figure 24-9. LLDP Connections Discovering Network Devices...
Page 664 To view additional information about a device connected to a port that has been discovered through LLDP, click the port number in the Local Interface table (it is a hyperlink), or click Details and select the port with the connected device. Figure 24-10.
Page 665: Lldp-Med Global Configuration
LLDP-MED Global Configuration Use the LLDP-MED Global Configuration page to change or view the LLDP-MED parameters that affect the entire system. To display the LLDP-MED Global Configuration page, click Switching→ LLDP → LLDP-MED → Global Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 24-11.
Page 666: Lldp-Med Interface Configuration
LLDP-MED Interface Configuration Use the LLDP-MED Interface Configuration page to specify LLDP-MED parameters that affect a specific interface. To display the LLDP-MED Interface Configuration page, click Switching → LLDP → LLDP-MED → Interface Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 24-12. LLDP-MED Interface Configuration Discovering Network Devices...
Page 667 To view the LLDP-MED Interface Summary table, click Show All. Figure 24-13. LLDP-MED Interface Summary Discovering Network Devices...
Page 668: Lldp-Med Local Device Information
LLDP-MED Local Device Information Use the LLDP-MED Local Device Information page to view the advertised LLDP local data for each port. To display the LLDP-MED Local Device Information page, click Switching→ LLDP→ LLDP-MED→ Local Device Information in the navigation panel. Figure 24-14.
Page 669: Lldp-Med Remote Device Information
LLDP-MED Remote Device Information Use the LLDP-MED Remote Device Information page to view the advertised LLDP data advertised by remote devices. To display the LLDP-MED Remote Device Information page, click Switching→ LLDP→ LLDP-MED→ Remote Device Information in the navigation panel. Figure 24-15.
Page 670: Configuring Isdp And Lldp (Cli)
For more PowerConnect information about these commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Global ISDP Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure ISDP settings that affect the entire switch.
Page 671: Enabling Isdp On A Port
Enabling ISDP on a Port Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to enable ISDP on a port. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface. isdp enable Administratively enable ISDP on the switch. exit Exit to Global Config mode.
Page 672: Configuring Global Lldp Settings
Configuring Global LLDP Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure LLDP settings that affect the entire switch. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. lldp notification- Specify how often, in seconds, the switch should send interval interval remote data change notifications.
Page 673: Viewing And Clearing Lldp Information
Command Purpose lldp notification Enable remote data change notifications on the interface. lldp transmit-tlv [sys- Specify which optional type-length-value settings (TLVs) desc][sys-name][sys- in the 802.1AB basic management set will be transmitted cap][port-desc] in the LLDP PDUs. • sys-name — Transmits the system name TLV •...
Page 674: Configuring Lldp-Med Settings
Configuring LLDP-MED Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure LLDP-MED settings that affect the entire switch. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. lldp med Specifies the number of LLDP PDUs that will be faststartrepeatcount transmitted when the protocol is enabled.
Page 675: Viewing Lldp-Med Information
Viewing LLDP-MED Information Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to view information about the LLDP-MED Protocol Data Units (PDUs) that are sent and have been received. Command Purpose show lldp med local- View LLDP information advertised by the specified port. interface device detail show lldp remote-device...
Page 676: Configuring Lldp
4 Exit to Privileged EXEC mode and view the LLDP settings for the switch and for interface 1/0/3. console(config-if-Te1/0/3)# <CTRL + Z> console#show isdp Timer........45 Hold Time........60 Version 2 Advertisements....Enabled Neighbors table time since last change...00 days 00:00:00 Device ID........none Device ID format capability..
Page 677 3 Enable port 1/0/3 to transmit management address information in the LLDP PDUs and to send topology change notifications if a device is added or removed from the port. console(config-if-Te1/0/3)#lldp transmit-mgmt console(config-if-Te1/0/3)#lldp notification 4 Specify the TLV information to be included in the LLDP PDUs transmitted from port 1/0/3.
Page 678 Chassis ID Subtype: MAC Address Chassis ID: 00:1E:C9:AA:AA:07 Port ID Subtype: Interface Name Port ID: te 1/0/3 System Name: console System Description: PowerConnect 8024 3.16.22.30, VxWorks 6.5 Port Description: Test Lab Port System Capabilities Supported: bridge, router System Capabilities Enabled: bridge...
Page 679: Configuring Port-Based Traffic
Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control This chapter describes how to configure features that provide traffic control through filtering the type of traffic or limiting the speed or amount of traffic on a per-port basis. The features this section describes includes flow control, storm control, protected ports, and Link Local Protocol Filtering (LLPF), which is also known as Cisco Protocol Filtering.
Page 680: What Is Flow Control
For information about Priority Flow Control (PFC), which provides a way to distinguish which traffic on a physical link is paused when congestion occurs based on the priority of the traffic, see "Configuring Data Center Bridging Features" on page 809 What is Flow Control? IEEE 802.3 Annex 31B flow control allows nodes that transmit at slower speeds to communicate with higher speed switches by requesting that the...
Page 681: What Are Protected Ports
configured limit is 10%, this is converted to ~25000 PPS, and this PPS limit is set in the hardware. You get the approximate desired output when 512 bytes packets are used. What are Protected Ports? The switch supports up to three separate groups of protected ports. Traffic can flow between protected ports belonging to different groups, but not within the same group.
Page 682: Default Port-Based Traffic Control Values
Access Control Lists (ACLs) and LLPF can exist on the same interface. However, the ACL rules override the LLPF rules when there is a conflict. Similarly, DiffServ and LLPF can both be enabled on an interface, but DiffServ rules override LLPF rules when there is a conflict. If Industry Standard Discovery Protocol (ISDP) is enabled on an interface, and the LLPF feature on an interface is enabled and configured to drop ISDP PDUs, the ISDP configuration overrides the LLPF configuration, and the...
Page 683: Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (Web)
Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages to use to control port-based traffic on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click the top of the page. Flow Control (Global Port Parameters) Use the Global Parameters page for ports to enable or disable flow control support on the switch.
Page 684: Storm Control
Storm Control Use the Storm Control page to enable and configure the storm control feature. To display the Storm Control interface, click Switching → Ports → Storm Control in the navigation menu. Figure 25-2. Storm Control Configuring Storm Control Settings on Multiple Ports To configure storm control on multiple ports: 1 Open the Storm Control page.
Page 685 Figure 25-3. Storm Control 5 Click Apply. Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control...
Page 686: Protected Port Configuration
Protected Port Configuration Use the Protected Port Configuration page to prevent ports in the same protected ports group from being able to see each other’s traffic. To display the Protected Port Configuration page, click Switching → Ports → Protected Port Configuration in the navigation menu. Figure 25-4.
Page 687 Figure 25-5. Add Protected Ports Group 5 Click Apply. 6 Click Protected Port Configuration to return to the main page. 7 Select the port to add to the group. 8 Select the protected port group ID. Figure 25-6. Add Protected Ports 9 Click Apply.
Page 688: Llpf Configuration
Figure 25-7. View Protected Port Information 11 To remove a port from a protected port group, select the Remove check box associated with the port and click Apply. LLPF Configuration Use the LLPF Interface Configuration page to filter out various proprietary protocol data units (PDUs) and/or ISDP if problems occur with these protocols running on standards-based switches.
Page 689 Figure 25-8. LLPF Interface Configuration To view the protocol types that have been blocked for an interface, click Show All. Figure 25-9. LLPF Filtering Summary Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control...
Page 690: Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (Cli)
Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to configure port-based traffic control settings. For more information about the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI commands, see the Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Flow Control and Storm Control Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure the flow control and storm control features.
Page 691: Configuring Protected Ports
Command Purpose CTRL + Z Exit to Privileged EXEC mode. show interfaces detail Display detailed information about the specified interface, interface including the flow control status. show storm-control View whether 802.3x flow control is enabled on the switch. show storm-control View storm control settings for all interfaces or the interface | all]...
Page 692: Configuring Llpf
Configuring LLPF Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure LLPF settings. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface interface. The variable includes the interface type and number, for example tengigabitethernet 1/0/3. You can also specify a range of interfaces with the interface range command, for example, interface range tengigabitethernet 1/0/8-12 configures interfaces 8, 9, 10,...
Page 693: Port-Based Traffic Control Configuration Example
Port-Based Traffic Control Configuration Example The commands in this example configure storm control, LLPF, and protected port settings for various interfaces on the switch. The storm control configuration in this example sets thresholds on the switch so that if broadcast traffic occupies more than 10% on the bandwidth on any physical port, the interface blocks the broadcast traffic until the measured amount of this traffic drops below the threshold.
Page 694 5 Verify the configuration. console#show storm-control te1/0/1 Bcast Bcast Mcast Mcast Ucast Ucast Intf Mode Level Mode Level Mode Level ------ ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Te1/0/1 Enable Enable Disable console#show service-acl interface te1/0/1 Protocol Mode --------------- ---------- Disabled Enabled Disabled UDLD...
Page 695: Configuring L2 Multicast Features
Configuring L2 Multicast Features This chapter describes the layer 2 multicast features on the PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches. The features this chapter describes include bridge multicast filtering, Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping, Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) snooping, and Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR).
Page 696: What Is L2 Multicast Traffic
decisions for packets that arrive with a multicast destination MAC address. By limiting multicasts to only certain ports in the switch, traffic is prevented from going to parts of the network where that traffic is unnecessary. When a packet enters the switch, the destination MAC address is combined with the VLAN ID, and a search is performed in the Layer 2 MFDB.
Page 697: What Is Igmp Snooping
What Is IGMP Snooping? IGMP snooping allows the switch to snoop on IGMP exchanges between hosts and multicast routers. The IGMP snooping feature complies with RFC 4541. When a switch “sees” an IGMP report from a host for a given multicast address, the switch adds the host's interface/VLAN to the L2 multicast group forwarding table and floods the report to all ports in the VLAN.
Page 698 Multicast routers send an IGMP query every 60 seconds. This query is intercepted by the switch and forwarded to all ports in the VLAN. All hosts that are members of the group answer that query. The switch intercepts the replies and forwards only one report per group from all of the received responses.
Page 699: What Is Mld Snooping
these IGMP reports to identify multicast router ports. If there is another querier in the network and the local querier is in election mode, then the querier with the lower IP address is elected and the other querier stops querying. If the local querier is not in election mode and another querier is detected, the local querier stops querying.
Page 700: What Is Multicast Vlan Registration
NOTE: It is strongly recommended that users enable IGMP snooping if MLD snooping is enabled and vice-versa. This is because both IGMP snooping and MLD snooping utilize the same forwarding table, and not enabling both may cause unwanted pruning of protocol packets utilized by other protocols, e.g. OSPFv2.
Page 701: When Are L3 Multicast Features Required
Enabling MVR and IGMP on the Same Interface MVR and IGMP snooping operate independently and can both be enabled on an interface. When both MVR and IGMP snooping are enabled, MVR listens to the IGMP join and report messages for static multicast group information, and IGMP snooping manages dynamic multicast groups.
Page 702: What Are Garp And Gmrp
What Are GARP and GMRP? Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP) is a general-purpose protocol that registers any network connectivity or membership-style information. GARP defines a set of switches interested in a given network attribute, such as VLAN ID or multicast address. PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches can use GARP functionality for two applications: •...
Page 703: Snooping Switch Restrictions
Snooping Switch Restrictions Partial IGMPv3 and MLDv2 Support The IGMPv3 and MLDv2 protocols allow multicast listeners to specify the list of hosts from which they want to receive the traffic. However the PowerConnect snooping switch does not track this information. IGMPv3/MLDv2 Report messages that have the group record type CHANGE_TO_INCLUDE_MODE with a null source list are treated as Leave messages.
Page 704: Topologies Where The Multicast Source Is Not Directly Connected To The Querier
Topologies Where the Multicast Source Is Not Directly Connected to the Querier If the multicast source is not directly connected to a multicast querier, the multicast stream is forwarded to any router ports on the switch (within the VLAN). Because multicast router queries are flooded to all ports in the VLAN, intermediate IGMP snooping switches will receive the multicast stream from the multicast source and forward it to the multicast router.
Page 705: Default L2 Multicast Values
Default L2 Multicast Values Details about the L2 multicast are in Table 26-1. Table 26-1. L2 Multicast Defaults Parameter Default Value IGMP Snooping mode Enabled MLD Snooping mode Enabled Bridge multicast group None configured IGMP/MLD snooping Enabled on all VLANs IGMP/MLD snooping auto-learn Disabled IGMP/MLD snooping host timeout...
Page 706 Table 26-1. L2 Multicast Defaults (Continued) Parameter Default Value GMRP Disabled globally and per-interface Configuring L2 Multicast Features...
Page 707: Configuring L2 Multicast Features (Web)
Configuring L2 Multicast Features (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring L2 multicast features on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. Multicast Global Parameters Use the Multicast Global Parameters page to enable or disable bridge multicast filtering, IGMP snooping, or MLD snooping on the switch.
Page 708: Bridge Multicast Group
Bridge Multicast Group Use the Bridge Multicast Group page to create new multicast service groups or to modify ports and LAGs assigned to existing multicast service groups. Attached interfaces display in the Port and LAG tables and reflect the manner in which each is joined to the Multicast group.
Page 709 LAGs — Displays and assigns multicast group membership to LAGs. To • assign membership, click in Static for a specific LAG. Each click toggles between S, F, and blank. See Table 26-2 for definitions. Table 26-2 contains definitions for port/LAG IGMP management settings. Table 26-2.
Page 710 Figure 26-3. Add Bridge Multicast Group 2 Select the ID of the VLAN to add to the multicast group or to modify membership for an existing group. 3 For a new group, specify the multicast group IP or MAC address associated with the selected VLAN.
Page 711: Mrouter Status
Removing a Bridge Multicast Group To delete a bridge multicast group: 1 Open the Bridge Multicast Group page. 2 Select the VLAN ID associated with the bridge multicast group to be removed from the drop-down menu. The Bridge Multicast Address and the assigned ports/LAGs display. 3 Check the Remove check box.
Page 712: General Igmp Snooping
General IGMP Snooping Use the General IGMP snooping page to configure IGMP snooping settings on specific ports and LAGs. To display the General IGMP snooping page, click Switching → Multicast Support → IGMP Snooping → General in the navigation menu. Figure 26-5.
Page 713 Figure 26-6. Edit IGMP Snooping Settings 3 Edit the IGMP snooping fields as needed. 4 Click Apply. The IGMP snooping settings are modified, and the device is updated. Copying IGMP Snooping Settings to Multiple Ports, LAGs, or VLANs To copy IGMP snooping settings: 1 From the General IGMP snooping page, click Show All.
Page 714 Figure 26-7. Copy IGMP Snooping Settings 5 Click Apply. The IGMP snooping settings are modified, and the device is updated. Configuring L2 Multicast Features...
Page 715: Global Querier Configuration
Global Querier Configuration Use the Global Querier Configuration page to configure IGMP snooping querier settings, such as the IP address to use as the source in periodic IGMP queries when no source address has been configured on the VLAN. To display the Global Querier Configuration page, click Switching → Multicast Support →...
Page 716: Vlan Querier
VLAN Querier Use the VLAN Querier page to specify the IGMP snooping querier settings for individual VLANs. To display the VLAN Querier page, click Switching → Multicast Support → IGMP Snooping → VLAN Querier in the navigation menu. Figure 26-9. VLAN Querier Adding a New VLAN and Configuring its VLAN Querier Settings To configure a VLAN querier: 1 From the VLAN Querier page, click Add.
Page 717 Figure 26-10. Add VLAN Querier 2 Enter the VLAN ID and, if desired, an optional VLAN name. 3 Return to the VLAN Querier page and select the new VLAN from the VLAN ID menu. 4 Specify the VLAN querier settings. 5 Click Apply.
Page 718 To view a summary of the IGMP snooping VLAN querier settings for all VLANs on the switch, click Show All. Figure 26-11. Add VLAN Querier Configuring L2 Multicast Features...
Page 719: Vlan Querier Status
VLAN Querier Status Use the VLAN Querier Status page to view the IGMP snooping querier settings for individual VLANs. To display the VLAN Querier Status page, click Switching → Multicast Support → IGMP Snooping → VLAN Querier Status in the navigation menu.
Page 720: Mfdb Igmp Snooping Table
MFDB IGMP Snooping Table Use the MFDB IGMP Snooping Table page to view the multicast forwarding database (MFDB) IGMP Snooping Table and Forbidden Ports settings for individual VLANs. To display the MFDB IGMP Snooping Table page, click Switching → Multicast Support → IGMP Snooping → MFDB IGMP Snooping Table in the navigation menu.
Page 721: Mld Snooping General
MLD Snooping General Use the MLD Snooping General page to add MLD members. To access this page, click Switching → Multicast Support → MLD Snooping → General in the navigation panel. Figure 26-14. MLD Snooping General Modifying MLD Snooping Settings for VLANs To configure MLD snooping: 1 From the General MLD snooping page, click Show All.
Page 722 Figure 26-15. MLD Snooping Table 2 Select the Edit checkbox for each VLAN to modify. 3 Edit the MLD snooping fields as needed. 4 Click Apply. The MLD snooping settings are modified, and the device is updated. Configuring L2 Multicast Features...
Page 723: Mld Snooping Global Querier Configuration
Copying MLD Snooping Settings to VLANs To copy MLD snooping settings: 1 From the General MLD snooping page, click Show All. The MLD Snooping Table displays. 2 Select the Copy Parameters From checkbox. 3 Select a VLAN to use as the source of the desired parameters. 4 Select the Copy To checkbox for the VLANs that these parameters will be copied to.
Page 724: Mld Snooping Vlan Querier
Figure 26-16. MLD Snooping Global Querier Configuration MLD Snooping VLAN Querier Use the MLD Snooping VLAN Querier page to specify the MLD snooping querier settings for individual VLANs. To display the MLD Snooping VLAN Querier page, click Switching → Multicast Support → MLD Snooping → VLAN Querier in the navigation menu.
Page 725 Figure 26-17. MLD Snooping VLAN Querier Adding a New VLAN and Configuring its MLD Snooping VLAN Querier Settings To configure an MLD snooping VLAN querier: 1 From the VLAN Querier page, click Add. The page refreshes, and the Add VLAN page displays. Figure 26-18.
Page 726 3 Return to the VLAN Querier page and select the new VLAN from the VLAN ID menu. 4 Specify the VLAN querier settings. 5 Click Apply. The VLAN Querier settings are modified, and the device is updated. To view a summary of the IGMP snooping VLAN querier settings for all VLANs on the switch, click Show All.
Page 727: Mld Snooping Vlan Querier Status
MLD Snooping VLAN Querier Status Use the VLAN Querier Status page to view the MLD snooping querier settings for individual VLANs. To display the VLAN Querier Status page, click Switching → Multicast Support → MLD Snooping → VLAN Querier Status in the navigation menu.
Page 728: Mfdb Mld Snooping Table
MFDB MLD Snooping Table Use the MFDB MLD Snooping Table page to view the MFDB MLD snooping table settings for individual VLANs. To display the MFDB MLD Snooping Table page, click Switching → Multicast Support → MLD Snooping → MFDB MLD Snooping Table in the navigation menu.
Page 729: Mvr Global Configuration
MVR Global Configuration Use the MVR Global Configuration page to enable the MVR feature and configure global parameters. To display the MVR Global Configuration page, click Switching → MVR Configuration → Global Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 26-22. MVR Global Configuration Configuring L2 Multicast Features...
Page 730: Mvr Members
MVR Members Use the MVR Members page to view and configure MVR group members. To display the MVR Members page, click Switching → MVR Configuration → MVR Members in the navigation panel. Figure 26-23. MVR Members Adding an MVR Membership Group To add an MVR membership group: 1 From the MVR Membership page, click Add.
Page 731: Mvr Interface Configuration
2 Specify the MVR group IP multicast address. 3 Click Apply. MVR Interface Configuration Use the MVR Interface Configuration page to enable MVR on a port, configure its MVR settings, and add the port to an MVR group. To display the MVR Interface Configuration page, click Switching →...
Page 732 To view a summary of the MVR interface configuration, click Show All. Figure 26-26. MVR Interface Summary Adding an Interface to an MVR Group To add an interface to an MVR group: 1 From the MVR Interface page, click Add. Figure 26-27.
Page 733 Removing an Interface from an MVR Group To remove an interface from an MVR group: 1 From the MVR Interface page, click Remove. Figure 26-28. MVR - Remove from Group 2 Select the interface to remove from an MVR group. 3 Specify the IP multicast address of the MVR group.
Page 734: Mvr Statistics
MVR Statistics Use the MVR Statistics page to view MVR statistics on the switch. To display the MVR Statistics page, click Switching → MVR Configuration → MVR Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 26-29. MVR Statistics Configuring L2 Multicast Features...
Page 735: Garp Timers
GARP Timers The Timers page contains fields for setting the GARP timers used by GVRP and GMRP on the switch. To display the Timers page, click Switching → GARP → Timers in the navigation panel. Figure 26-30. GARP Timers Configuring GARP Timer Settings for Multiple Ports To configure GARP timers on multiple ports: 1 Open the Timers page.
Page 736 Figure 26-31. Configure STP Port Settings 3 For each port or LAG to configure, select the check box in the Edit column in the row associated with the port. 4 Specify the desired timer values. 5 Click Apply. Configuring L2 Multicast Features...
Page 737: Gmrp Parameters
Copying GARP Timer Settings From One Port to Others To copy GARP timer settings: 1 Select the Copy Parameters From check box, and select the port or LAG with the settings to apply to other ports or LAGs. 2 In the Ports or LAGs list, select the check box(es) in the Copy To column that will have the same settings as the port selected in the Copy Parameters From field.
Page 738 2 Click Show All to display the GMRP Port Configuration Table. Figure 26-33. GMRP Port Configuration Table 3 For each port or LAG to configure, select the check box in the Edit column in the row associated with the port. 4 Specify the desired timer values.
Page 739: Mfdb Gmrp Table
Copying Settings From One Port or LAG to Others To copy GMRP settings: 1 Select the Copy Parameters From check box, and select the port or LAG with the settings to apply to other ports or LAGs. 2 In the Ports or LAGs list, select the check box(es) in the Copy To column that will have the same settings as the port selected in the Copy Parameters From field.
Page 740: Configuring L2 Multicast Features (Cli)
PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI commands, see the Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Because L3 IP multicast (PIM/IGMP) utilizes a separate forwarding database from L2 multicast, it is recommended that L3 multicast features, including PIM and IGMP , be disabled on L2 multicast enabled switches.
Page 741: Configuring Igmp Snooping On Vlans
Command Purpose show mac address-table View entries in the multicast MAC address table. The vlan-id multicast [vlan show mac address-table multicast command shows only mac-multicast- [address multicast addresses. Multicast address are shown along address ip-multicast- with unicast addresses if the multicast keyword is not used. address ] [format ip | mac]]...
Page 742: Configuring Igmp Snooping Querier
Command Purpose ip igmp snooping vlan Specify the multicast router time-out value for to vlan-id mcrtexpiretime associate with a VLAN. This command sets the number of seconds seconds to wait to age out an automatically-learned multicast router port. CTRL + Z Exit to Privileged EXEC mode.
Page 743: Configuring Mld Snooping On Vlans
Command Purpose ip igmp snooping querier Allow the IGMP snooping querier to participate in the vlan- election participate querier election process when it discovers the presence of another querier in the VLAN. When this mode is enabled, if the snooping querier finds that the other querier source address is more than the snooping querier address, it stops sending periodic queries.
Page 744: Configuring Mld Snooping Querier
Command Purpose ipv6 mld snooping vlan Enables MLD snooping immediate-leave mode on the vlan-id immediate-leave specified VLAN. Enabling immediate-leave allows the switch to immediately remove the layer 2 LAN interface from its forwarding table entry upon receiving an MLD leave message for that multicast group without first sending out MAC-based general queries to the interface.
Page 745: Configuring Mvr
Command Purpose ipv6 mld snooping Allow the MLD snooping querier to participate in the querier election querier election process when it discovers the presence of vlan-id participate another querier in the VLAN. When this mode is enabled, if the snooping querier finds that the other querier source address is more than the snooping querier address, it stops sending periodic queries.
Page 746 Command Purpose time time mvr querytime Set the MVR query response time. The value for is in units of tenths of a second. mvr mode {compatible | Specify the MVR mode of operation. dynamic} mcast-address mvr group Add an MVR membership group. groups mcast-address •...
Page 747: Configuring Garp Timers And Gmrp
Configuring GARP Timers and GMRP Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure the GARP timers and to control the administrative mode GMRP on the switch and per-interface. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. garp timer {join | leave | Adjust the GARP application join, leave, and leaveall timer_value leaveall}...
Page 748: Case Study On A Real-World Network Topology
Case Study on a Real-World Network Topology Multicast Snooping Case Study Figure 26-35 shows the topology that the scenarios in this case study use. Figure 26-35. Case Study Topology The topology in Figure 26-35 includes the following elements: • Snooping Switches: D1, D2, D3 with IGMP snooping enabled on VLANs 10, 20 •...
Page 749 • Multicast Sources: Server A – 239.20.30.40, Server B – 239.20.30.42 • Subnets: VLAN 10 – 192.168.10.x, VLAN 20 – 192.168.20.x • Mrouter ports: D3 – 1/0/20, D2 – PortChannel1, D1 – 1/0/15 Snooping Within a Subnet In the example network topology, the multicast source and listeners are in the same subnet VLAN 20 –...
Page 750 3 A forwarding entry is created by D3 for VLAN20, 239.20.30.42 – 1/0/6, 1/0/20. 4 Client D will receive the multicast stream from Server B because it is forwarded by D1 to D3 and then to D4 because D4 is a multicast router. Because the multicast stream is present on D3, a L2 forwarding entry is created on D3, where 239.20.30.42 is not a registered group.
Page 751 2 A multicast forwarding entry is created on D2 VLAN20, 239.20.30.40 – 1/0/20, PortChannel1. 3 The Client F report message is forwarded to D3-PortChannel1 (multicast router attached port). 4 A multicast forwarding entry is created on D3 VLAN 20, 239.20.30.40 – PortChannel1, 1/0/20.
Page 752 Multicast Source and Listener connected to Multicast Router via intermediate snooping switches and are part of different routing VLANs: Server B Client E  Clients E, B, and C are on the same subnet VLAN10 – 192.168.10.70/24. Server B is in a different subnet VLAN20 – 192.168.20.70/24. 1 Client E sends a report for 239.20.30.42.
Page 753: Snooping And Inspecting Traffic
Snooping and Inspecting Traffic This chapter describes Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Snooping, IP Source Guard (IPSG), and Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI), which are layer 2 security features that examine traffic to help prevent accidental and malicious attacks on the switch or network. The topics covered in this chapter include: •...
Page 754: What Is Dhcp Snooping
What Is DHCP Snooping? Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Snooping is a security feature that monitors DHCP messages between a DHCP client and DHCP server to accomplish the following tasks: • Filter harmful DHCP messages • Build a bindings database with entries that consist of the following information: •...
Page 755: How Is The Dhcp Snooping Bindings Database Populated
How Is the DHCP Snooping Bindings Database Populated? The DHCP snooping application uses DHCP messages to build and maintain the binding’s database. DHCP snooping creates a tentative binding from DHCP DISCOVER and REQUEST messages. Tentative bindings tie a client to a port (the port where the DHCP client message was received). Tentative bindings are completed when DHCP snooping learns the client’s IP address from a DHCP ACK message on a trusted port.
Page 756 DHCP Snooping and VLANs DHCP snooping forwards valid DHCP client messages received on non- routing VLANs. The message is forwarded on all trusted interfaces in the VLAN. DHCP snooping can be configured on switching VLANs and routing VLANs. When a DHCP packet is received on a routing VLAN, the DHCP snooping application applies its filtering rules and updates the bindings database.
Page 757: What Is Ip Source Guard
What Is IP Source Guard? IPSG is a security feature that filters IP packets based on source ID. This feature helps protect the network from attacks that use IP address spoofing to compromise or overwhelm the network. The source ID may be either the source IP address or a {source IP address, source MAC address} pair.
Page 758: What Is Dynamic Arp Inspection
What is Dynamic ARP Inspection? Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI) is a security feature that rejects invalid and malicious ARP packets. DAI prevents a class of man-in-the-middle attacks where an unfriendly station intercepts traffic for other stations by poisoning the ARP caches of its unsuspecting neighbors. The malicious attacker sends ARP requests or responses mapping another station’s IP address to its own MAC address.
Page 759: Why Is Traffic Snooping And Inspection Necessary
Why Is Traffic Snooping and Inspection Necessary? DHCP Snooping, IPSG, and DAI are security features that can help protect the switch and the network against various types of accidental or malicious attacks. It might be a good idea to enable these features on ports that provide network access to hosts that are in physically unsecured locations or if network users connect nonstandard hosts to the network.
Page 760 Table 27-1. Traffic Snooping Defaults (Continued) Parameter Default Value Static IPSG bindings None configured DAI validate source MAC Disabled DAI validate destination MAC Disabled DAI validate IP Disabled DAI trust state Disabled (untrusted) DAI Rate limit 15 packets per second DAI Burst interval 1 second DAI mode...
Page 761: Configuring Traffic Snooping And Inspection (Web)
Configuring Traffic Snooping and Inspection (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring DHCP snooping, IPSG, and DAI features on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page.
Page 762: Dhcp Snooping Interface Configuration
DHCP Snooping Interface Configuration Use the DHCP Snooping Interface Configuration page to configure the DHCP Snooping settings on individual ports and LAGs. To access the DHCP Snooping Interface Configuration page, click Switching → DHCP Snooping → Interface Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 763 To view a summary of the DHCP snooping configuration for all interfaces, click Show All. Figure 27-4. DHCP Snooping Interface Configuration Summary Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 764: Dhcp Snooping Vlan Configuration
DHCP Snooping VLAN Configuration Use the DHCP Snooping VLAN Configuration page to control the DHCP snooping mode on each VLAN. To access the DHCP Snooping VLAN Configuration page, click Switching → DHCP Snooping → VLAN Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 27-5.
Page 765 To view a summary of the DHCP snooping status for all VLANs, click Show All. Figure 27-6. DHCP Snooping VLAN Configuration Summary Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 766: Dhcp Snooping Persistent Configuration
DHCP Snooping Persistent Configuration Use the DHCP Snooping Persistent Configuration page to configure the persistent location of the DHCP snooping database. The bindings database can be stored locally on the switch or on a remote system somewhere else in the network. The switch must be able to reach the IP address of the remote system to send bindings to a remote database.
Page 767: Dhcp Snooping Static Bindings Configuration
DHCP Snooping Static Bindings Configuration Use the DHCP Snooping Static Bindings Configuration page to add static DHCP bindings to the binding database. To access the DHCP Snooping Static Bindings Configuration page, click Switching → DHCP Snooping → Static Bindings Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 768 To view a summary of the DHCP snooping status for all VLANs, click Show All. Figure 27-9. DHCP Snooping Static Bindings Summary To remove a static binding, select the Remove checkbox associated with the binding and click Apply. Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 769: Dhcp Snooping Dynamic Bindings Summary
DHCP Snooping Dynamic Bindings Summary The DHCP Snooping Dynamic Bindings Summary lists all the DHCP snooping dynamic binding entries learned on the switch ports. To access the DHCP Snooping Dynamic Bindings Summary page, click Switching → DHCP Snooping → Dynamic Bindings Summary in the navigation panel.
Page 770: Dhcp Snooping Statistics
DHCP Snooping Statistics The DHCP Snooping Statistics page displays DHCP snooping interface statistics. To access the DHCP Snooping Statistics page, click Switching → DHCP Snooping → Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 27-11. DHCP Snooping Statistics Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 771: Ipsg Interface Configuration
IPSG Interface Configuration Use the IPSG Interface Configuration page to configure IPSG on an interface. To access the IPSG Interface Configuration page, click Switching → IP Source Guard → IPSG Interface Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 27-12. IPSG Interface Configuration Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 772: Ipsg Binding Configuration
IPSG Binding Configuration Use the IPSG Binding Configuration page displays DHCP snooping interface statistics. To access the IPSG Binding Configuration page, click Switching → IP Source Guard → IPSG Binding Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 27-13. IPSG Binding Configuration Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 773: Ipsg Binding Summary
IPSG Binding Summary The IPSG Binding Summary page displays the IPSG Static binding list and IPSG dynamic binding list (the static bindings configured in Binding configuration page). To access the IPSG Binding Summary page, click Switching → IP Source Guard → IPSG Binding Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 27-14.
Page 774: Dai Global Configuration
DAI Global Configuration Use the DAI Configuration page to configure global DAI settings. To display the DAI Configuration page, click Switching → Dynamic ARP Inspection → Global Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 27-15. Dynamic ARP Inspection Global Configuration Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 775: Dai Interface Configuration
DAI Interface Configuration Use the DAI Interface Configuration page to select the DAI Interface for which information is to be displayed or configured. To display the DAI Interface Configuration page, click Switching → Dynamic ARP Inspection → Interface Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 776 Figure 27-17. DAI Interface Configuration Summary Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 777: Dai Vlan Configuration
DAI VLAN Configuration Use the DAI VLAN Configuration page to select the VLANs for which information is to be displayed or configured. To display the DAI VLAN Configuration page, click Switching → Dynamic ARP Inspection → VLAN Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 27-18.
Page 778: Dai Acl Configuration
Figure 27-19. Dynamic ARP Inspection VLAN Configuration Summary DAI ACL Configuration Use the DAI ACL Configuration page to add or remove ARP ACLs. To display the DAI ACL Configuration page, click Switching → Dynamic ARP Inspection → ACL Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 27-20.
Page 779: Dai Acl Rule Configuration
To view a summary of the ARP ACLs that have been created, click Show All. Figure 27-21. Dynamic ARP Inspection ACL Summary To remove an ARP ACL, select the Remove checkbox associated with the ACL and click Apply. DAI ACL Rule Configuration Use the DAI ARP ACL Rule Configuration page to add or remove DAI ARP ACL Rules.
Page 780 Figure 27-22. Dynamic ARP Inspection Rule Configuration To view a summary of the ARP ACL rules that have been created, click Show All. Figure 27-23. Dynamic ARP Inspection ACL Rule Summary To remove an ARP ACL rule, select the Remove checkbox associated with the rule and click Apply.
Page 781: Dai Statistics
DAI Statistics Use the DAI Statistics page to display the statistics per VLAN. To display the DAI Statistics page, click Switching → Dynamic ARP Inspection → Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 27-24. Dynamic ARP Inspection Statistics Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 782: Configuring Traffic Snooping And Inspection (Cli)
DHCP snooping, IPSG, and DAI settings on the switch. For more PowerConnect information about the commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring DHCP Snooping Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure and view DHCP snooping settings.
Page 783 Command Purpose ip dhcp snooping limit Configure the maximum rate of DHCP messages allowed rate {none | rate [burst on the switch at any given time. seconds interval rate • —The maximum number of packets per second allowed (Range: 0–300 pps). seconds •...
Page 784: Configuring Ip Source Guard
Configuring IP Source Guard Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure IPSG settings on the switch. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified port interface or LAG. The variable includes the interface type and number, for example tengigabitethernet 1/0/3.
Page 785: Configuring Dynamic Arp Inspection
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure DAI settings on the switch. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. ip arp inspection vlan Enable Dynamic ARP Inspection on a single VLAN or a vlan-range [logging] range of VLANs.
Page 786 Command Purpose ip arp inspection filter Configure the ARP ACL to be used for a single VLAN or a acl-name vlan-range vlan range of VLANs to filter invalid ARP packets. [static] Use the static keyword to indicate that packets that do not match a permit statement are dropped without consulting the DHCP snooping bindings.
Page 787: Traffic Snooping And Inspection Configuration Examples
Traffic Snooping and Inspection Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring DHCP Snooping • Configuring IPSG Configuring DHCP Snooping In this example, DHCP snooping is enabled on VLAN 100. Ports 1-20 connect end users to the network and are members of VLAN 100. These ports are configured to limit the maximum number of DHCP packets with a rate limit of 100 packets per second.
Page 788 To configure the switch: 1 Enable DHCP snooping on VLAN 100. console#config console(config)#ip dhcp snooping vlan 100 2 Configure LAG 1, which includes ports 21-24, as a trusted port. All other interfaces are untrusted by default. console(config)#interface port-channel 1 console(config-if-Po1)#ip dhcp snooping trust console(config-if-Po1)#exit 3 Enter interface configuration mode for all untrusted interfaces (ports 1- 20) and limit the number of DHCP packets that an interface can receive...
Page 789: Configuring Ipsg
Configuring IPSG This example builds on the previous example and uses the same topology shown in Figure 27-25. In this configuration example, IP source guard is enabled on ports 1-20. DHCP snooping must also be enabled on these ports. Additionally, because the ports use IP source guard with source IP and MAC address filtering, port security must be enabled on the ports as well.
Page 790 Snooping and Inspecting Traffic...
Page 791: Configuring Link Aggregation
Configuring Link Aggregation This chapter describes how to create and configure link aggregation groups (LAGs), which are also known as port channels. The topics covered in this chapter include: • Link Aggregation Overview • Default Link Aggregation Values • Configuring Link Aggregation (Web) •...
Page 792: Why Are Link Aggregation Groups Necessary
Figure 28-1 shows an example of a switch in the wiring closet connected to a switch in the data center by a LAG that consists of four physical 10 Gbps links. The LAG provides full-duplex bandwidth of 40 Gbps between the two switches.
Page 793: What Is Lag Hashing
This provides a more resilient LAG. Best practices suggest using dynamic link aggregation instead of static link aggregation.When a port is added to a LAG as a static member, it neither transmits nor receives LACP PDUs. What is LAG Hashing? PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches support configuration of hashing algorithms for each LAG interface.
Page 794: How Do Lags Interact With Other Features
How Do LAGs Interact with Other Features? From a system perspective, a LAG is treated just as a physical port, with the same configuration parameters for administrative enable/disable, spanning tree port priority, path cost as may be for any other physical port. VLAN When members are added to a LAG, they are removed from all existing VLAN membership.
Page 795: Lag Configuration Guidelines
LAG Configuration Guidelines Ports to be aggregated must be configured so that they are compatible with the link aggregation feature and with the partner switch to which they connect. Ports to be added to a LAG must meet the following requirements: •...
Page 796: Configuring Link Aggregation (Web)
Configuring Link Aggregation (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring LAGs on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. LAG Configuration Use the LAG Configuration page to set the name and administrative status (up/down) of a LAG.
Page 797 To view or edit settings for multiple LAGs, click Show All. Configuring Link Aggregation...
Page 798: Lacp Parameters
LACP Parameters Dynamic link aggregation is initiated and maintained by the periodic exchanges of LACP PDUs. Use the LACP Parameters page to configure LACP LAGs. To display the LACP Parameters page, click Switching → Link Aggregation → LACP Parameters in the navigation panel. Figure 28-3.
Page 799 Figure 28-4. LACP Parameters Table 3 Select the Edit check box associated with each port to configure. 4 Specify the LACP port priority and LACP timeout for each port. 5 Click Apply. Configuring Link Aggregation...
Page 800: Lag Membership
LAG Membership Your switch supports 48 LAGs per system, and eight ports per LAG. Use the LAG Membership page to assign ports to static and dynamic LAGs. To display the LAG Membership page, click Switching → Link Aggregation → LAG Membership in the navigation panel. Figure 28-5.
Page 801: Lag Hash Configuration
Adding a LAG Port to a Dynamic LAG by Using LACP To add a dynamic LAG member: 1 Open the LAG Membership page. 2 Click in the LACP row to toggle the desired LAG port to L. NOTE: The port must be assigned to a LAG before it can be aggregated to an LACP.
Page 802: Lag Hash Summary
LAG Hash Summary The LAG Hash Summary page lists the channels on the system and their assigned hash algorithm type. To display the LAG Hash Summary page, click Switching → Link Aggregation → LAG Hash Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 28-7.
Page 803: Configuring Link Aggregation (Cli)
Configuring Link Aggregation (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to configure link aggregation settings on the switch. For more information about the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI commands, see the Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring LAG Characteristics Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure a few of the available LAG characteristics.
Page 804: Configuring Link Aggregation Groups
Configuring Link Aggregation Groups Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to add ports as LAG members and to configure the LAG hashing mode. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified port. interface variable includes the interface type and number, for example tengigabitethernet 1/0/3.
Page 805 Command Purpose mode hashing-mode Set the hashing algorithm on the LAG. mode value is a number from 1 to 7. The numbers correspond to the following algorithms: • 1 — Source MAC, VLAN, EtherType, source module, and port ID • 2 — Destination MAC, VLAN, EtherType, source module, and port ID •...
Page 806: Configuring Lacp Parameters
Configuring LACP Parameters Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure system and per-port LACP parameters. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. lacp system-priority Set the Link Aggregation Control Protocol priority for the value switch. the priority value range is 1–65535. interface port-channel Enter interface configuration mode for the specified LAG.
Page 807: Link Aggregation Configuration Examples
Link Aggregation Configuration Examples This section contains the following examples: • Configuring Dynamic LAGs • Configuring Static LAGs NOTE: The examples in this section show the configuration of only one switch. Because LAGs involve physical links between two switches, the LAG settings and member ports must be configured on both switches.
Page 808: Configuring Static Lags
Configuring Static LAGs The commands in this example show how to configure a static LAG on a switch. The LAG number is 2, and the member ports are 10, 11, 14, and 17. To configure the switch: 1 Enter interface configuration mode for the ports that are to be configured as LAG members.
Page 809: Configuring Data Center Bridging
• Enhanced Transmission Selection (ETS) Data Center Bridging Technology Overview The PowerConnect 8024/8024F switches support Data Center Bridging (DCB) features to increase the reliability of Ethernet-based networks in the data center. The PC81xx switches support PFC, ETS, and DCBX capability exchange, with the ability to autoconfigure from a peer switch.
Page 810: Default Dcb Values
Table 29-1. Data Center Features (Continued) Feature Description DCBx Allows DCB devices to exchange configuration information, using type-length-value (TLV) information elements over LLDP, with directly connected peers. FIP Snooping Inspects and monitors FIP frames and applies policies based upon the L2 header information in those frames Supports the ETS configuration and Application Priority TLVs, which are accepted from auto-upstream devices and propagated to auto-downstream devices.
Page 811: Priority Flow Control
Priority Flow Control Ordinarily, when flow control is enabled on a physical link, it applies to all traffic on the link. When congestion occurs, the hardware sends pause frames that temporarily suspend traffic flow to help prevent buffer overflow and dropped frames.
Page 812: Configuring Pfc Using The Web Interface
Operator configuration of PFC is used only when the port is configured in a manual role. When interoperating with other equipment in a manual role, the peer equipment must be configured with identical PFC priorities and VLAN assignments. Interfaces not enabled for PFC ignore received PFC frames.
Page 813 PFC Configuration Page Use the PFC Configuration page to enable priority flow control on one or more interfaces and to configure which priorities are subject to being paused to prevent data loss. To display the PFC Configuration page, click Switching → PFC → PFC Configuration in the navigation menu.
Page 814: Configuring Pfc Using The Cli
Figure 29-2. PFC Statistics Configuring PFC Using the CLI Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure PFC. NOTE: If DCBx is enabled and the switch is set to autoconfigure from a DCBX peer, configuring PFC is not necessary because the DCBx protocol automatically configures the PFC parameters.
Page 815 Command Purpose interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface interface. The variable includes the interface type and number, for example tengigabitethernet 1/0/3. You can also specify a range of interfaces with the interface range command, for example, interface range tengigabitethernet 1/0/8-12 configures interfaces 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12.
Page 816: Pfc Configuration Example
PFC Configuration Example The network in this example handles both data and voice traffic. Because the voice traffic is time sensitive, it requires a higher priority than standard data traffic. The voice traffic uses VLAN 100 and has an 802.1p priority of 5, which is mapped to hardware queue 4.
Page 817 console(config-dcb)#exit 4 Enable VLAN tagging on the ports so the 802.1p priority is identified. Trunk mode can also be enabled on port-channels. console(config-if)#switchport mode trunk console(config-if)#exit Configuring Data Center Bridging Features...
Page 818: Dcb Capability Exchange
DCB Capability Exchange The Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx) is used by DCB devices to exchange configuration information with directly connected peers. DCBx uses type-length-value (TLV) information elements over LLDP to exchange information, so LLDP must be enabled on the port to enable the information exchange.
Page 819: Interoperability With Ieee Dcbx
Interoperability with IEEE DCBx To be interoperable with legacy industry implementations of the DCBx protocol, The PowerConnect 8024/8024F/81xx switches use a hybrid model to support both the IEEE version of DCBx (IEEE 802.1Qaz) and legacy DCBx versions.
Page 820 Ports operating in the manual role do not have their configuration affected by peer devices or by internal propagation of configuration. These ports have their operational mode, traffic classes, and bandwidth information specified explicitly by the operator. These ports advertise their configuration to their peer if DCBx is enabled on that port.
Page 821: Configuration Source Port Selection Process
A port operating in the auto-downstream role advertises a configuration but is not willing to accept one from the link partner. However, the port will accept a configuration propagated internally by the configuration source. Specifically, the willing parameter is disabled on auto-downstream. By default, auto- downstream ports have the recommendation TLV parameter enabled.
Page 822 If there is no configuration source, a port may elect itself as the configuration source on a first-come, first-serve basis from the set of eligible ports. A port is eligible to become the configuration source if the following conditions are true: •...
Page 823: Disabling Dcbx
Disabling DCBX If it is desired to disable DCBX, the network operator can use the following commands to eliminate the transmission of DCBX TLVs in the LLDP frames on an interface: no lldp tlv-select dcbxp application-priority no lldp tlv-select dcbxp congestion-notification no lldp tlv-select dcbxp ets-config no lldp tlv-select dcbxp ets-recommend no lldp tlv-select dcbxp pfc...
Page 824 Command Purpose lldp tlv-select dcbxp Enable LLDP to send specific DCBx TLVs if LLDP is [pfc | application- enabled to transmit on the given interface. Entering the priority] command with no parameters enables transmission of all TLVs. • pfc—Transmit the PFC configuration TLV •...
Page 825 Command Purpose lldp dcbx port-role Configure the DCBx port role on the interface: {auto-up |auto-down | • auto-up—Advertises a configuration, but is also willing to manual | configuration- accept a configuration from the link-partner and source} propagate it internally to the auto-downstream ports as well as receive configuration propagated internally by other auto-upstream ports.
Page 826: Fip Snooping
Fibre Channel forwarder (FCF) facing port (that receives traffic from FCFs targeted to the ENodes). NOTE: The PowerConnect 8024/8024F FIP Snooping Bridge feature supports the configuration of the perimeter port role and FCF-facing port roles and is intended for use only at the edge of the switched network.
Page 827: Configuring The Fc Map Value
FCF facing interface. Dell recommends that FCF-facing ports be placed into auto-upstream mode in order to receive DCBx information and propagate it to the Converged Network Adaptors (CNAs) on the auto-downstream ports. Interfaces enabled for PFC should be configured in trunk mode and must be PFC operationally enabled before FCoE traffic can pass over the port.
Page 828: Configuring Fip Snooping (Cli)
Configuring FIP Snooping (CLI) Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure FIP snooping. NOTE: FIP snooping will not allow FIP or FCoE frames to be forwarded over a port until the port is operationally enabled for PFC. VLAN tagging must be enabled on the interface in order to carry the dot1p values through the network.
Page 829: Fip Snooping Configuration Example
Command Purpose interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface interface. The variable includes the interface type and number, for example tengigabitethernet 1/0/3. You can also specify a range of interfaces with the interface range command, for example, interface range tengigabitethernet 1/0/8-12 configures interfaces 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12.
Page 830 ports that are directly connected to Converged Network Adapters (CNAs) on individual workstations (ports 1–3 on each switch) are designated as DCBx default auto-downstream ports. Internet FCF Switch PowerConnect Switch FC SAN Workgroup Cluster FCF Switch FC SAN To configure FIP snooping: 1 Enter global configuration mode and enable FIP snooping on the switch.
Page 831: Enhanced Transmission Selection
console(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 5 Exit interface configuration mode for the range of interfaces. 6 Enter interface configuration mode for the CNA-facing ports and configure the DCBx port role as auto-downstream. This step automatically enables PFC on the ports. console(config)#interface te1/0/1-3,te2/0/1-3 console(config-if)#lldp dcbx port-role auto-down console(config-if#exit 7 Enter Interface Configuration mode for the ports connect to an FCF on...
Page 832: Ets Operation
best-effort transmit characteristics. PowerConnect 81xx switches support strict priority and Weighted Deficit Round Robin (WDRR) scheduling with up to two lossless traffic classes. WDRR schedules traffic based on average bandwidth consumed vs. frame counts. ETS Operation The normal (default) operation of PowerConnect switches, when uncongested, is that packets are scheduled for output in the order in which they are received, that is, using FIFO scheduling.
Page 833 At the first level of egress scheduling, each of the configured attributes of a CoS queue, namely scheduler algorithm, min-bandwidth and drop mechanism, are honored, and the packet is either dropped or forwarded to next level. Only frames selected by the first level scheduler are forwarded to the second level.
Page 834 (or the queues are empty), TCGs that have not met their maximum bandwidth limit are scheduled. Once the limits for a TCG are satisfied (maximum bandwidth, no frames available for transmission, etc.), the scheduler moves to the next TCG. If no minimum or maximum bandwidth limits are configured, TCGs are serviced by the second-level scheduler using the configured TCG weights to define the relative bandwidth allocation among the TCGs.
Page 835: Commands
ETS. For more information about the commands, see PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. On PC81xx switches, the following steps are not required if using the DCBX protocol to obtain ETS configuration from an auto-configuration source. PC80xx and PCM8024-k switches do not support configuration of ETS parameters.
Page 836 Command Purpose show interfaces traffic- Displays the Traffic Class to Traffic Class Group mapping class-group Configuring Data Center Bridging Features...
Page 837: Ets Configuration Example
ETS Configuration Example This example configures four classes of traffic: Best effort traffic CoS Queue 0 for untagged and VLAN-tagged frames with VPTs 0, 1, and 2 Lossless FCoE/iSCSI traffic CoS Queues 1 & 2 for VLAN tagged frames with VPTs 3 &...
Page 838 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#classofservice dot1p-mapping 0 0 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#classofservice dot1p-mapping 1 0 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#classofservice dot1p-mapping 2 0 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#classofservice dot1p-mapping 3 1 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#classofservice dot1p-mapping 4 2 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#classofservice dot1p-mapping 5 3 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#classofservice dot1p-mapping 6 3 console(config-if-Te1/0/2)#classofservice dot1p-mapping 7 3 To show dot1p priority for an interface, use the following command: console#show classofservice dot1p-mapping tengigabitethernet 1/0/1 User Priority Traffic Class...
Page 839 CAUTION: Sharing of bandwidth among CoS Queues is disabled if the sum of the minimum bandwidth settings equals 100%. console(config-if-Te1/0/1)#cos-queue min-bandwidth 20 35 35 10 0 0 0 4. Configure the Scheduler Mode for the CoS Queues This step enables strict priority scheduling on one or more CoS queues (traffic classes).
Page 840 priority traffic (typically control plane or low bandwidth, low latency traffic) is assigned the highest numbered TCG. It is recommended that WDRR queues be assigned to TCG0. The mapping may be configured on a single interface, a range of interfaces, or all the interfaces.
Page 841 It is recommended that the sum of minimum bandwidth percentages configured on the CoS queues mapped to any TCG be less than or equal to that of the weight percentage configured for the TCG, so that packets are not dropped due to the congestion in the TCG. In example below, the TCG0 and TCG1 are allocated 30% and 70% of the bandwidth remaining after servicing TCG2 (strict priority) traffic.
Page 842 It is recommended that the maximum bandwidth be configured to be greater than the minimum bandwidth or the weight or be configured to 0 (unlimited burst size). console(config-if-Te1/0/1)#traffic-class-group max-bandwidth 50 90 20 9. Set the Scheduler Modes for the TCGs This step enables strict priority scheduling on TCGs.
Page 843: Ets Theory Of Operation
ETS Theory of Operation First Level of Scheduling To understand the first level of scheduling, consider Table 29-1. Assume that we have eight ingress ports, each one receiving line rate traffic with one dot1p priority each. The table shows the mapping of dot1p priorities to the cos- queues, the min-bandwidth settings, and scheduler modes.
Page 844 Second Level of Scheduling To consolidate different traffic classes within different traffic types in a typical DCB environment, ETS provides an operational model for prioritization and bandwidth allocation for traffic. Figure 29-3 illustrates a typical example that consolidates three traffic types on a single 10GE link. For consolidation to be effective all traffic types must be serviced according to their requirements.
Page 845 At time t2, a burst of LAN traffic is incoming at the rate of 4 Gbps, this burst is allowed to borrow the unused 0.5 Gbps bandwidth from SAN TCG and transmitted since the offered load of SAN is only 3 Gbps. At time t3, when the offered load of IPC falls to 2 Gbps and the bursty LAN traffic is at 6 Gbps, the available bandwidth for SAN and LAN is 4 Gbps each according to the TCG weights, which are set as 50% each.
Page 846 Traffic is passed across stacking links using WDRR for all CoS queues. This will affect the observed behavior of ETS on egress ports scheduling traffic from over-subscribed stacking links. The three supported traffic class groups support an industry standard configuration such that one traffic class group offers lossless service (PFC enabled using WRR);...
Page 847 console(config-if-Te1/0/1)#classofservice traffic-class-group 2 2 console(config-if-Te1/0/1)#traffic-class-group weight 30 70 0 console(config-if-Te1/0/1)#traffic-class-group strict 2 PC81xx Operation When DCBx is enabled on manually configured ports, it is not necessary for the ETS parameters to match, regardless of the version of DCBX negotiated or configured. Configuration mismatches are logged. In auto configuration mode, ETS parameters from the configuration source are checked (Max TCs 3 and bandwidth equal to 100%) and if the system is capable of performing the configuration, it is accepted and propagated as...
Page 848 TCG. PC8024 Operation with DCBx PowerConnect 8024 and 8024F switches can act as a proxy for ETS information via the auto configuration mechanism. ETS information received from the configuration source is transmitted via DCBX to the other auto configuration peers.
Page 849: Managing The Mac Address Table
Managing the MAC Address Table This chapter describes the L2 MAC address table the switch uses to forward data between ports. The topics covered in this chapter include: • MAC Address Table Overview • Default MAC Address Table Values • Managing the MAC Address Table (Web) •...
Page 850: What Information Is In The Mac Address Table
What Information Is in the MAC Address Table? Each entry in the address table, whether it is static or dynamic, includes the MAC address, the VLAN ID associated with the MAC address, and the interface on which the address was learned or configured. Each port can maintain multiple MAC addresses, and a MAC address can be associated with multiple VLANs.
Page 851: Managing The Mac Address Table (Web)
Managing the MAC Address Table (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages to use to manage the MAC address table on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. Static Address Table Use the Static Address Table page to view MAC addresses that have been manually added to the MAC address table and to configure static MAC...
Page 852 Figure 30-2. Adding Static MAC Address 3 Select the interface to associate with the static address. 4 Specify the MAC address and an associated VLAN ID. 5 Click Apply. The new static address is added to the Static MAC Address Table, and the device is updated.
Page 853: Dynamic Address Table
Dynamic Address Table The Dynamic Address Table page contains fields for querying information in the dynamic address table, including the interface type, MAC addresses, VLAN, and table sorting key. Packets forwarded to an address stored in the address table are forwarded directly to those ports. The Dynamic Address Table also contains information about the aging time before a dynamic MAC address is removed from the table.
Page 854: Managing The Mac Address Table (Cli)
Managing the MAC Address Table (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to manage the MAC address table on the switch. For more information about the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI commands, see the Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Managing the MAC Address Table...
Page 855: Configuring Routing Interfaces
Configuring Routing Interfaces This chapter describes the routing (layer 3) interfaces the PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches support, which includes VLAN routing interfaces, loopback interfaces, and tunnel interfaces. The topics covered in this chapter are: • Routing Interface Overview • Default Routing Interface Values •...
Page 856: What Are Loopback Interfaces
For each VLAN routing interface you can assign a static IP address, or you can allow a network DHCP server to assign a dynamic IP address. When a port is enabled for bridging (L2 switching) rather than routing, which is the default, all normal bridge processing is performed for an inbound packet, which is then associated with a VLAN.
Page 857: What Are Tunnel Interfaces
What Are Tunnel Interfaces? Tunnels are a mechanism for transporting a packet across a network so that it tunnel endpoint can be evaluated at a remote location or . The tunnel, effectively, hides the packet from the network used to transport the packet to the endpoint.
Page 858: Why Are Routing Interfaces Needed
Why Are Routing Interfaces Needed? The routing interfaces this chapter describes have very different applications and uses, as this section describes. If you use the switch as a layer 2 device that handles switching only, routing interface configuration is not required. When the switch is used as a layer 2 device, it typically connects to an external layer 3 device that handles the routing functions.
Page 859 Loopback Interfaces When packets are sent to the loopback IP address, the network should be able to deliver the packets as long as any physical interface on the switch is up. There are many cases where you need to send traffic to a switch, such as in switch management.
Page 860: Default Routing Interface Values
Default Routing Interface Values By default, no routing interfaces are configured. When you create a VLAN, no IP address is configured, and DHCP is disabled. After you configure an IP address on a VLAN or loopback interface, routing is automatically enabled on the VLAN interface, and the interface has the default configuration shown in Table 31-1.
Page 861: Configuring Routing Interfaces (Web)
Configuring Routing Interfaces (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring VLAN routing interfaces, loopback interfaces, and tunnels on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. IP Interface Configuration Use the IP Interface Configuration page to update IP interface data for this switch.
Page 862: Dhcp Lease Parameters
DHCP Lease Parameters Use the DHCP Lease Parameters page to view information about the network information automatically assigned to an interface by the DHCP server. To display the page, click Routing → IP → DHCP Lease Parameters in the navigation panel. Figure 31-3.
Page 863: Tunnel Configuration
Figure 31-4. VLAN Routing Summary Tunnel Configuration Use the Tunnels Configuration page to create, configure, or delete a tunnel. To display the page, click Routing → Tunnels → Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 31-5. Tunnel Configuration Configuring Routing Interfaces...
Page 864: Tunnels Summary
Tunnels Summary Use the Tunnels Summary page to display a summary of configured tunnels. To display the page, click Routing → Tunnels → Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 31-6. Tunnels Summary Configuring Routing Interfaces...
Page 865: Loopbacks Configuration
Loopbacks Configuration Use the Loopbacks Configuration page to create, configure, or remove loopback interfaces. You can also set up or delete a secondary address for a loopback. To display the page, click Routing → Loopbacks → Loopbacks Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 31-7.
Page 866: Loopbacks Summary
Loopbacks Summary Use the Loopbacks Summary page to display a summary of configured loopback interfaces on the switch. To display the page, click Routing → Loopbacks → Loopbacks Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 31-8. Loopbacks Summary Configuring Routing Interfaces...
Page 867: Configuring Routing Interfaces (Cli)
VLAN routing interfaces, loopbacks, and tunnels on the switch. For more PowerConnect information about the commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring VLAN Routing Interfaces (IPv4) Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure a VLAN as a routing interface and set the IP configuration parameters.
Page 868 Command Purpose ip local-proxy-arp Enable local proxy ARP on the interface to allow the switch to respond to ARP requests for hosts on the same subnet as the ARP source. size ip mtu Set the IP Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) on a routing interface.
Page 869: Configuring Loopback Interfaces
Configuring Loopback Interfaces Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure a loopback interface. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. interface loopback Create the loopback interface and enter Interface loopback-id Configuration mode for the specified loopback interface.
Page 870: Configuring Tunnels
Configuring Tunnels Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure a loopback interface. NOTE: For information about configuring the IPv6 interface characteristics for a tunnel, see "Configuring IPv6 Routing" on page 1069. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. tunnel-id interface tunnel Create the tunnel interface and enter Interface...
Page 871: Configuring Dhcp Server Settings
Configuring DHCP Server Settings This chapter describes how to configure the switch to dynamically assign network information to hosts by using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). The topics covered in this chapter include: • DHCP Overview • Default DHCP Server Values •...
Page 872: What Are Dhcp Options
Figure 32-1. Message Exchange Between DHCP Client and Server DH C PD ISC O V ER (broadcast) DH C PO FFE R (unicast) DH C PR EQ U ES T (broadcast) D HC PA CK (unicast) DHCP Client DHCP Server (PowerConnect Switch) The DHCP server maintains one or more set of IP addresses the and other configuration information available, by request, to DHCP clients.
Page 873: What Additional Dhcp Features Does The Switch Support
What Additional DHCP Features Does the Switch Support? The switch software includes a DHCP client that can request network information from a DHCP server on the network during the initial system configuration process. For information about enabling the DHCP client, see "Setting the IP Address and Other Basic Network Information"...
Page 874: Configuring The Dhcp Server (Web)
Configuring the DHCP Server (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring the DHCP server on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. DHCP Server Network Properties Use the Network Properties page to define global DHCP server settings and to configure addresses that are not included in any address pools.
Page 875 Adding Excluded Addresses To exclude an address: 1 Open the Network Properties page. 2 Click Add Excluded Addresses to display the Add Excluded Addresses page. 3 In the From field, enter the first IP address to exclude from any configured address pool.
Page 876: Address Pool
Deleting Excluded Addresses To remove an excluded address: 1 Open the Network Properties page. 2 Click Delete Excluded Addresses to display the Delete Excluded Addresses page. 3 Select the check box next to the address or address range to delete. Figure 32-4.
Page 877 Figure 32-5. Address Pool Adding a Network Pool To create and configure a network pool: 1 Open the Address Pool page. 2 Click Add Network Pool to display the Add Network Pool page. 3 Assign a name to the pool and complete the desired fields. In Figure 32-6, the network pool name is Engineering, and the address pool contains all IP addresses in the 192.168.5.0 subnet, which means a client that receives an address from the DHCP server might lease an...
Page 878 Figure 32-6. Add Network Pool The Engineering pool also configures clients to use 192.168.5.1 as the default gateway IP address and 192.168.1.5 and 192.168.2.5 as the primary and secondary DNS servers. NOTE: The IP address 192.168.5.1 should be added to the global list of excluded addresses so that it is not leased to a client.
Page 879 In Figure 32-7, the Static pool name is Lab, and the name of the client in the pool is LabHost1. The client’s MAC address is mapped to the IP address 192.168.11.54, the default gateway is 192.168.11.1, and the DNS servers the client will use have IP addresses of 192.168.5.100 and 192.168.2.5.
Page 880: Address Pool Options
Address Pool Options Use the Address Pool Options page to view manually configured options. You can define options when you create an address pool, or you can add options to an existing address pool. To display the Address Pool Options page, click Routing → IP → DHCP Server →...
Page 881 Figure 32-9. Add DHCP Option 5 Click Apply. 6 To verify that the option has been added to the address pool, open the Address Pool Options page. Configuring DHCP Server Settings...
Page 882: Dhcp Bindings
Figure 32-10. View Address Pool Options DHCP Bindings Use the DHCP Bindings page to view information about the clients that have leased IP addresses from the DHCP server. To display the DHCP Bindings page, click Routing → IP → DHCP Server →...
Page 883: Dhcp Server Reset Configuration
DHCP Server Reset Configuration Use the Reset Configuration page to clear the client bindings for one or more clients. You can also reset bindings for clients that have leased an IP address that is already in use on the network. To display the Reset Configuration page, click Routing →...
Page 884: Dhcp Server Conflicts Information
DHCP Server Conflicts Information Use the Conflicts Information page to view information about clients that have leased an IP address that is already in use on the network. To display the Conflicts Information page, click Routing → IP → DHCP Server →...
Page 885: Dhcp Server Statistics
DHCP Server Statistics Use the Server Statistics page to view general DHCP server statistics, messages received from DHCP clients, and messages sent to DHCP clients. To display the Server Statistics page, click Routing → IP → DHCP Server → Server Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 32-14.
Page 886: Configuring The Dhcp Server (Cli)
Configuring the DHCP Server (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to configure and monitor the DHCP server and address pools. For more information about PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F the commands, see the CLI Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Global DHCP Server Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure settings for the DHCP server.
Page 887: Configuring A Dynamic Address Pool
Configuring a Dynamic Address Pool Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to create an address pool with network information that is dynamically assigned to hosts with DHCP clients that request the information. Command Purpose configure Enter Global Configuration mode. name ip dhcp pool Create a DHCP address pool and enters DHCP pool...
Page 888: Configuring A Static Address Pool
Configuring a Static Address Pool Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to create a static address pool and specify the network information for the pool. The network information configured in the static address pool is assigned only to the host with the hardware address or client identifier that matches the information configured in the static pool.
Page 889: Monitoring Dhcp Server Information
Command Purpose address1 default-router Specify the list of default gateway IP addresses to be address2..address8 assigned to the DHCP client. address1 dns-server Specify the list of DNS server IP addresses to be assigned address2..address8 to the DHCP client. domain domain-name Specify the domain name for a DHCP client.
Page 890: Dhcp Server Configuration Examples
4 Specify the primary and secondary DNS servers the hosts will use. console(config-dhcp-pool)#dns-server 192.168.5.10 console(config-dhcp-pool)#dns-server 192.168.5.11 5 Specify the domain name to be assigned to clients that lease an address from this pool. console(config-dhcp-pool)#domain-name engineering.dell.com console(config-dhcp-pool)#exit Configuring DHCP Server Settings...
Page 891 9 View information about all configured address pools. console#show ip dhcp pool configuration all Pool: Engineering Pool Type......Network Network......192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 Lease Time......1 days 0 hrs 0 mins DNS Servers......192.168.5.11 Default Routers....192.168.5.1 Domain Name......engineering.dell.com Configuring DHCP Server Settings...
Page 892: Configuring A Static Address Pool
192.168.5.101 6 Specify the domain name to be assigned to clients that lease an address from this pool. console(config-dhcp-pool)#domain-name executive.dell.com 7 Specify the option that configures the SMTP server IP address to the host. console(config-dhcp-pool)#option 69 ip 192.168.1.33 console(config-dhcp-pool)#exit...
Page 893 Pool: Tyler PC Pool Type......Static Client Name......TylerPC Hardware Address....00:1c:23:55:e9:f3 Hardware Address Type....ethernet Host......192.168.2.10 255.255.255.0 Lease Time......1 days 0 hrs 0 mins DNS Servers....... 192.168.2.101 Default Routers....192.168.2.1 Domain Name....... executive.dell.com Option......69 ip 192.168.1.33 Configuring DHCP Server Settings...
Page 894 Configuring DHCP Server Settings...
Page 895: Configuring Ip Routing
Configuring IP Routing This chapter describes how to configure routing on the switch, including global routing settings, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), router discovery, and static routes. The topics covered in this chapter include: • IP Routing Overview • Default IP Routing Values •...
Page 896 Table 33-1. IP Routing Features (Continued) Feature Description ICMP Router Discovery Hosts can use IRDP to identify operational routers Protocol (IRDP) on the subnet. Routers periodically advertise their IP addresses. Hosts listen for these advertisements and discover the IP addresses of neighboring routers.
Page 897: Default Ip Routing Values
Default IP Routing Values Table 33-2 shows the default values for the IP routing features this chapter describes. Table 33-2. IP Routing Defaults Parameter Default Value Default Time to Live Routing Mode Disabled globally and on each interface ICMP Echo Replies Enabled ICMP Redirects Enabled...
Page 898 Table 33-2. IP Routing Defaults (Continued) Parameter Default Value Route Preference Values Preference values are as follows: • Local—0 • Static—1 • OSPF Intra—110 • OSPF Inter—110 • OSPF External—110 • RIP—120 Configuring IP Routing...
Page 899: Configuring Ip Routing Features (Web)
Configuring IP Routing Features (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring IPv4 routing features on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. IP Configuration Use the Configuration page to configure routing parameters for the switch as opposed to an interface.
Page 900: Ip Statistics
IP Statistics The IP statistics reported on the Statistics page are as specified in RFC 1213. To display the page, click Routing → IP → Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 33-2. IP Statistics Configuring IP Routing...
Page 901: Arp Create
ARP Create Use the Create page to add a static ARP entry to the Address Resolution Protocol table. To display the page, click Routing → ARP → Create in the navigation panel. Figure 33-3. ARP Create Configuring IP Routing...
Page 902: Arp Table Configuration
ARP Table Configuration Use the Table Configuration page to change the configuration parameters for the Address Resolution Protocol Table. You can also use this screen to display the contents of the table. To display the page, click Routing → ARP → Table Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 903: Router Discovery Configuration
Router Discovery Configuration Use the Configuration page to enter or change router discovery parameters. To display the page, click Routing → Router Discovery → Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 33-5. Router Discovery Configuration Configuring IP Routing...
Page 904: Router Discovery Status
Router Discovery Status Use the Status page to display router discovery data for each interface. To display the page, click Routing → Router Discovery → Status in the navigation panel. Figure 33-6. Router Discovery Status Configuring IP Routing...
Page 905: Route Table
Route Table Use the Route Table page to display the contents of the routing table. To display the page, click Routing → Router → Route Table in the navigation panel. Figure 33-7. Route Table Configuring IP Routing...
Page 906: Best Routes Table
Best Routes Table Use the Best Routes Table page to display the best routes from the routing table. To display the page, click Routing → Router → Best Routes Table in the navigation panel. Figure 33-8. Best Routes Table Configuring IP Routing...
Page 907: Route Entry Configuration
Route Entry Configuration Use the Route Entry Configuration page to add new and configure router routes. To display the page, click Routing → Router → Route Entry Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 33-9. Route Entry Configuration Adding a Route and Configuring Route Preference To configure routing table entries: 1 Open the Route Entry Configuration page.
Page 908 Figure 33-10. Router Route Entry and Preference Configuration 3 Next to Route Type, use the drop-down box to add a Default, Static, or Static Reject route. The fields to configure are different for each route type. Default — Enter the default gateway address in the Next Hop IP •...
Page 909: Configured Routes
Configured Routes Use the Configured Routes page to display the routes that have been manually configured. NOTE: For a static reject route, the next hop interface value is Null0. Packets to the network address specified in static reject routes are intentionally dropped. To display the page, click Routing →...
Page 910: Route Preferences Configuration
Route Preferences Configuration Use the Route Preferences Configuration page to configure the default preference for each protocol (for example 60 for static routes). These values are arbitrary values that range from 1 to 255, and are independent of route metrics. Most routing protocols use a route metric to determine the shortest path known to the protocol, independent of any other protocol.
Page 911: Configuring Ip Routing Features (Cli)
Configuring IP Routing Features (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to configure IPv4 routing on the switch. For more information about the commands, see PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Global IP Routing Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure various global IP routing settings for the switch.
Page 912: Adding Static Arp Entries And Configuring Arp Table Settings
Adding Static ARP Entries and Configuring ARP Table Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure static ARP entries in the ARP cache and to specify the settings for the ARP cache. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. ip-address hardware- Create a static ARP entry in the ARP table.
Page 913: Configuring Router Discovery (Irdp)
Configuring Router Discovery (IRDP) Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure IRDP settings. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. interface interface Enter interface configuration mode for the specified interface VLAN routing interface. The variable includes the interface type (vlan) and number, for example vlan 100.
Page 914: Configuring Route Table Entries And Route Preferences
Configuring Route Table Entries and Route Preferences Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure IRDP settings. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. ip route default Configure the default route. nextHopRtr preference nextHopRtr • — IP address of the next hop router. preference •...
Page 915 Command Purpose ip-address show ip route [ View the routing table. mask prefix-length ip-address • — Specifies the network for which the route [longer-prefixes] | is to be displayed and displays the best matching best- protocol route for the address. mask •...
Page 916: Ip Routing Configuration Example
IP Routing Configuration Example In this example, the PowerConnect switches are L3 switches with VLAN routing interfaces. VLAN routing is configured on PowerConnect Switch A and PowerConnect Switch B. This allows the host in VLAN 10 to communicate with the server in VLAN 30. A static route to the VLAN 30 subnet is configured on Switch A.
Page 917: Configuring Powerconnect Switch A
Configuring PowerConnect Switch A To configure Switch A. 1 Enable routing on the switch. console#configure console(config)#ip routing 2 Assign an IP address to VLAN 10. This command also enables IP routing on the VLAN. console(config)#interface vlan 10 console(config-if-vlan10)#ip address 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.0 console(config-if-vlan10)#exit 3 Assign an IP address to VLAN 20.
Page 918: Configuring Powerconnect Switch B
Configuring PowerConnect Switch B To configure Switch B: 1 Enable routing on the switch. console#configure console(config)#ip routing 2 Assign an IP address to VLAN 20. This command also enables IP routing on the VLAN. console#configure console(config)#interface vlan 20 console(config-if-vlan20)#ip address 192.168.20.25 255.255.255.0 console(config-if-vlan20)#exit 3 Assign an IP address to VLAN 30.
Page 919: Configuring L2 And L3 Relay
Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features This chapter describes how to configure the L2 DHCP Relay, L3 DHCP Relay, and IP Helper features on PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches. The topics covered in this chapter include: • L2 and L3 Relay Overview •...
Page 920: What Is L2 Dhcp Relay
the DHCP request. If the number of hops is greater than the configured giaddr number, the agent discards the packet. If the field is zero, the agent must fill in this field with the IP address of the interface on which the request was received.
Page 921: What Is The Ip Helper Feature
Enabling L2 Relay on VLANs You can enable L2 DHCP relay on a particular VLAN. The VLAN is identified by a service VLAN ID (S-VID), which a service provider uses to identify a customer’s traffic while traversing the provider network to multiple remote sites.
Page 922 Table 34-1. Default Ports - UDP Port Numbers Implied By Wildcard Protocol UDP Port Number IEN-116 Name Service NetBIOS Name Server NetBIOS Datagram Server TACACS Server Time Service DHCP Trivial File Transfer Protocol The system limits the number of relay entries to four times the maximum number of routing interfaces (512 relay entries).
Page 923 configuration for the destination UDP port. If so, the relay agent unicasts the packet to the configured server IP addresses. Otherwise the packet is not relayed. NOTE: If the packet matches a discard relay entry on the ingress interface, the packet is not forwarded, regardless of the global configuration.
Page 924 Table 34-2 shows the most common protocols and their UDP port numbers and names that are relayed. Table 34-2. UDP Port Allocations UDP Port Number Acronym Application Echo Echo SysStat Active User NetStat NetStat Quote Quote of the day CHARGEN Character Generator FTP-data FTP Data...
Page 925: Default L2/L3 Relay Values
Default L2/L3 Relay Values By default L2 DHCP relay is disabled. L3 relay (UDP) is enabled, but no UDP destination ports or server addresses are defined on the switch or on any interfaces. Table 34-3. L2/L3 Relay Defaults Parameter Default Value L2 DHCP Relay Admin Mode Disabled globally and on all interfaces and...
Page 926: Configuring L2 And L3 Relay Features (Web)
Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring L2 and L3 relay features on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page.
Page 927: Dhcp Relay Interface Configuration
DHCP Relay Interface Configuration Use this page to enable L2 DHCP relay on individual ports. NOTE: L2 DHCP relay must also be enabled globally on the switch. To access this page, click Switching → DHCP Relay → Interface Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 34-2.
Page 928 Figure 34-3. DHCP Relay Interface Summary Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features...
Page 929: Dhcp Relay Interface Statistics
DHCP Relay Interface Statistics Use this page to display statistics on DHCP Relay requests received on a selected port. To access this page, click Switching → DHCP Relay → Interface Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 34-4. DHCP Relay Interface Statistics Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features...
Page 930: Dhcp Relay Vlan Configuration
DHCP Relay VLAN Configuration Use this page to enable and configure DHCP Relay on specific VLANs. To access this page, click Switching → DHCP Relay → VLAN Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 34-5. DHCP Relay VLAN Configuration To view a summary of the L2 DHCP relay configuration on all VLANs, click Show All.
Page 931: Dhcp Relay Agent Configuration
DHCP Relay Agent Configuration Use the Configuration page to configure and display a DHCP relay agent. To display the page, click Routing → DHCP Relay Agent → Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 34-7. DHCP Relay Agent Configuration Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features...
Page 932: Ip Helper Global Configuration
IP Helper Global Configuration Use the Global Configuration page to add, show, or delete UDP Relay and Helper IP configuration To display the page, click Routing → IP Helper → Global Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 34-8. IP Helper Global Configuration Adding an IP Helper Entry To configure an IP helper entry: 1.
Page 933 Figure 34-9. Add Helper IP Address 3. Select a UDP Destination port name from the menu or enter the UDP Destination Port ID. Select the Default Set to configure for the relay entry for the default set of protocols. NOTE: If the DefaultSet option is specified, the device by default forwards UDP Broadcast packets for the following services: IEN-116 Name Service (port 42), DNS (port 53), NetBIOS Name Server (port 137), NetBIOS Datagram...
Page 934: Ip Helper Interface Configuration
IP Helper Interface Configuration Use the Interface Configuration page to add, show, or delete UDP Relay and Helper IP configuration for a specific interface. To display the page, click Routing → IP Helper → Interface Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 34-10.
Page 935 Figure 34-11. Add Helper IP Address 3. Select the interface to use for the relay. 4. Select a UDP Destination port name from the menu or enter the UDP Destination Port ID. Select the Default Set to configure for the relay entry for the default set of protocols.
Page 936: Ip Helper Statistics
IP Helper Statistics Use the Statistics page to view UDP Relay Statistics for the switch. To display the page, click Routing → IP Helper → Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 34-12. IP Helper Statistics Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features...
Page 937: Configuring L2 And L3 Relay Features (Cli)
Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features (CLI) This section provides information about the commands you use to configure L2 and L3 relay features on the switch. For more information about the PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI commands, see the Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals.
Page 938 Command Purpose dhcp l2relay remote-id Enable setting the DHCP Option 82 Remote ID for a remoteId vlan-range vlan VLAN. When enabled, the supplied string is used for the Remote ID in DHCP Option 82. remoteId variable is a string to be used as the remote ID in the Option 82 (Range: 1 - 128 characters).
Page 939: Configuring L3 Relay (Ip Helper) Settings
Configuring L3 Relay (IP Helper) Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure switch and interface L3 DHCP relay and IP helper settings. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. ip helper enable Use this command to enable the IP helper feature. It is enabled by default.
Page 940 Command Purpose ip helper-address Configure the relay of certain UDP broadcast packets server-address received on the VLAN routing interface(s). This command dest-udp-port discard} [ takes precedence over an ip helper-address command given | dhcp | domain | in global configuration mode. isakmp | mobile-ip | Specify the one of the protocols defined in the command nameserver | netbios-...
Page 941: Relay Agent Configuration Example
Relay Agent Configuration Example The example in this section shows how to configure the L3 relay agent (IP helper) to relay and discard various protocols. Figure 34-13. L3 Relay Network Diagram DHCP Server 192.168.40.22 DNS Server 192.168.40.43 DHCP Server SNMP Server 192.168.40.35 192.168.23.1 VLAN 30...
Page 942 2 Relay DNS packets received on VLAN 10 to 192.168.40.43 console(config-if-vlan10)#ip helper-address 192.168.40.35 domain console(config-if-vlan10)#exit 3 Relay SNMP traps (port 162) received on VLAN 20 to 192.168.23.1 console(config)#interface vlan 20 console(config-if-vlan20)#ip helper-address 192.168.23.1 162 4 The clients on VLAN 20 have statically-configured network information, so the switch is configured to drop DHCP packets received on VLAN 20 console(config-if-vlan20)#ip helper-address discard dhcp...
Page 943: Configuring Ospf And Ospfv3
Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3 This chapter describes how to configure Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and OSPFv3. OSPF is a dynamic routing protocol for IPv4 networks, and OSPFv3 is used to route traffic in IPv6 networks. The protocols are configured separately within the software, but their functionality is largely similar for IPv4 and IPv6 networks.
Page 944: Ospf Overview
OSPF Overview OSPF is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that performs dynamic routing within a network. PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switches support two dynamic routing protocols: OSPF and Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Unlike RIP , OSPF is a link-state protocol. Larger networks typically use the OSPF protocol instead of RIP.
Page 945: What Are Ospf Routers And Lsas
What Are OSPF Routers and LSAs? When a PowerConnect switch is configured to use OSPF for dynamic routing, it is considered to be an OSPF router. OSPF routers keep track of the state of the various links they send data to. Routers exchange OSPF link state advertisements (LSAs) with other routers.
Page 946: Ospf Feature Details
OSPF Feature Details This section provides details on the following OSPF features: • Max Metric • Static Area Range Cost • LSA Pacing • LSA Pacing Max Metric RFC 3137 introduced stub router behavior to OSPFv2. As a stub, a router can inform other routers that it is not available to forward data packets.
Page 947 mode. OSPF does not begin in stub router mode when OSPF is globally enabled. If the operator wants to avoid routing transients when he enables or configures OSPF, he can manually set OSPF in stub router mode. If OSPF is in startup stub router mode and encounters a resource limitation that would normally cause OSPF to become a stub router, OSPF cancels the timer to exit startup stub router and remains in stub router mode until the network administrator takes action.
Page 948: Static Area Range Cost
Static Area Range Cost This feature allows a network operator to configure a fixed OSPF cost that is always advertised when an area range is active. This feature applies to both OSPFv2 and OSPFv3. An OSPF domain can be divided into areas to limit the processing required on each router.
Page 949: Lsa Pacing
LSA Pacing OSPF refreshes each self-originated LSA every 30 minutes. Because a router tends to originate many LSAs at the same time, either at startup or when adjacencies are formed or when routes are first learned, LSA refreshes tend to be grouped.
Page 950: Flood Blocking
Flood Blocking OSPF is a link state routing protocol. Routers describe their local environment in Link State Advertisements (LSAs), which are distributed throughout an area or OSPF domain. Through this process, each router learns enough information to compute a set of routes consistent with the routes computed by all other routers.
Page 951 Flood blocking cannot be enabled on virtual interfaces. While the feature could be allowed on virtual interfaces, it is less likely to be used on a virtual interface, since virtual interfaces are created specifically to allow flooding between two backbone routers. So the option of flood blocking on virtual interfaces is not supported.
Page 952: Default Ospf Values
Default OSPF Values OSPF is globally enabled by default. To make it operational on the router, you must configure a router ID and enable OSPF on at least one interface. Table 35-1 shows the global default values for OSPF and OSPFv3. Table 35-1.
Page 953 Table 35-2 shows the per-interface default values for OSPF and OSPFv3. Table 35-2. OSPF Per-Interface Defaults Parameter Default Value Admin Mode Disabled Advertise Secondaries Enabled (OSPFv2 only) Router Priority Retransmit Interval 5 seconds Hello Interval 10 seconds Dead Interval 40 seconds LSA Ack Interval 1 second Interface Delay Interval...
Page 954: Configuring Ospf Features (Web)
Configuring OSPF Features (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring OSPF features on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. OSPF Configuration Use the Configuration page to enable OSPF on a router and to configure the related OSPF settings.
Page 955 Figure 35-1. OSPF Configuration Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 956: Ospf Area Configuration
OSPF Area Configuration The Area Configuration page lets you create a Stub area configuration and NSSA once you’ve enabled OSPF on an interface through Routing → OSPF → Interface Configuration. At least one router must have OSPF enabled for this web page to display. To display the page, click Routing →...
Page 957 Configuring an OSPF Stub Area To configure the area as an OSPF stub area, click Create Stub Area. The pages refreshes, and displays additional fields that are specific to the stub area. Figure 35-3. OSPF Stub Area Configuration Use the Delete Stub Area button to remove the stub area. Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 958 Configuring an OSPF Not-So-Stubby Area To configure the area as an OSPF not-so-stubby area (NSSA), click NSSA Create. The pages refreshes, and displays additional fields that are specific to the NSSA. Figure 35-4. OSPF NSSA Configuration Use the NSSA Delete button to remove the NSSA area. Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 959: Ospf Stub Area Summary
OSPF Stub Area Summary The Stub Area Summary page displays OSPF stub area detail. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Stub Area Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 35-5. OSPF Stub Area Summary Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 960: Ospf Area Range Configuration
OSPF Area Range Configuration Use the Area Range Configuration page to configure and display an area range for a specified NSSA. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Area Range Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 35-6. OSPF Area Range Configuration Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 961: Ospf Interface Statistics
OSPF Interface Statistics Use the Interface Statistics page to display statistics for the selected interface. The information is displayed only if OSPF is enabled. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Interface Statistics in the navigation panel. Figure 35-7. OSPF Interface Statistics Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 962: Ospf Interface Configuration
OSPF Interface Configuration Use the Interface Configuration page to configure an OSPF interface. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Interface Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 35-8. OSPF Interface Configuration Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 963: Ospf Neighbor Table
OSPF Neighbor Table Use the Neighbor Table page to display the OSPF neighbor table list. When a particular neighbor ID is specified, detailed information about a neighbor is given. The information below is only displayed if OSPF is enabled. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Neighbor Table in the navigation panel.
Page 964: Ospf Neighbor Configuration
OSPF Neighbor Configuration Use the Neighbor Configuration page to display the OSPF neighbor configuration for a selected neighbor ID. When a particular neighbor ID is specified, detailed information about a neighbor is given. The information below is only displayed if OSPF is enabled and the interface has a neighbor. The IP address is the IP address of the neighbor.
Page 965: Ospf Link State Database
OSPF Link State Database Use the Link State Database page to display OSPF link state, external LSDB table, and AS opaque LSDB table information. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Link State Database in the navigation panel. Figure 35-11.
Page 966 Figure 35-12. OSPF Virtual Link Creation After you create a virtual link, additional fields display, as the Figure 35-13 shows. Figure 35-13. OSPF Virtual Link Configuration Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 967: Ospf Virtual Link Summary
OSPF Virtual Link Summary Use the Virtual Link Summary page to display all of the configured virtual links. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Virtual Link Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 35-14. OSPF Virtual Link Summary Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 968: Ospf Route Redistribution Configuration
OSPF Route Redistribution Configuration Use the Route Redistribution Configuration page to configure redistribution in OSPF for routes learned through various protocols. You can choose to redistribute routes learned from all available protocols or from selected ones. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Route Redistribution Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 969: Ospf Route Redistribution Summary
OSPF Route Redistribution Summary Use the Route Redistribution Summary page to display OSPF Route Redistribution configurations. To display the page, click Routing → OSPF → Route Redistribution Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 35-16. OSPF Route Redistribution Summary Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 970: Nsf Ospf Configuration
NSF OSPF Configuration Use the NSF OSPF Configuration page to configure the non-stop forwarding (NSF) support mode and to view NSF summary information for the OSPF feature. NSF is a feature used in switch stacks to maintain switching and routing functions in the event of a stack unit failure. For information about NSF, see "What is Nonstop Forwarding?"...
Page 971: Configuring Ospfv3 Features (Web)
Configuring OSPFv3 Features (Web) This section provides information about the OpenManage Switch Administrator pages for configuring and monitoring OSPFv3 features on a PowerConnect 8000/8100-series switch. For details about the fields on a page, click at the top of the page. OSPFv3 Configuration Use the Configuration page to activate and configure OSPFv3 for a switch.
Page 972: Ospfv3 Area Configuration
OSPFv3 Area Configuration Use the Area Configuration page to create and configure an OSPFv3 area. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Area Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 35-19. OSPFv3 Area Configuration Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 973 Configuring an OSPFv3 Stub Area To configure the area as an OSPFv3 stub area, click Create Stub Area. The pages refreshes, and displays additional fields that are specific to the stub area. Figure 35-20. OSPFv3 Stub Area Configuration Use the Delete Stub Area button to remove the stub area. Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 974 Configuring an OSPFv3 Not-So-Stubby Area To configure the area as an OSPFv3 not-so-stubby area (NSSA), click Create NSSA. The pages refreshes, and displays additional fields that are specific to the NSSA. Figure 35-21. OSPFv3 NSSA Configuration Use the Delete NSSA button to remove the NSSA area. Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 975: Ospfv3 Stub Area Summary
OSPFv3 Stub Area Summary Use the Stub Area Summary page to display OSPFv3 stub area detail. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Stub Area Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 35-22. OSPFv3 Stub Area Summary Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 976: Ospfv3 Area Range Configuration
OSPFv3 Area Range Configuration Use the Area Range Configuration page to configure OSPFv3 area ranges. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Area Range Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 35-23. OSPFv3 Area Range Configuration Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 977: Ospfv3 Interface Configuration
OSPFv3 Interface Configuration Use the Interface Configuration page to create and configure OSPFv3 interfaces. This page has been updated to include the Passive Mode field. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Interface Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 35-24.
Page 978: Ospfv3 Interface Statistics
OSPFv3 Interface Statistics Use the Interface Statistics page to display OSPFv3 interface statistics. Information is only displayed if OSPF is enabled. Several fields have been added to this page. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Interface Statistics in the navigation panel.
Page 979: Ospfv3 Neighbors
OSPFv3 Neighbors Use the Neighbors page to display the OSPF neighbor configuration for a selected neighbor ID. When a particular neighbor ID is specified, detailed information about that neighbor is given. Neighbor information only displays if OSPF is enabled and the interface has a neighbor. The IP address is the IP address of the neighbor.
Page 980: Ospfv3 Neighbor Table
OSPFv3 Neighbor Table Use the Neighbor Table page to display the OSPF neighbor table list. When a particular neighbor ID is specified, detailed information about a neighbor is given. The neighbor table is only displayed if OSPF is enabled. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Neighbor Table in the navigation panel.
Page 981: Ospfv3 Link State Database
OSPFv3 Link State Database Use the Link State Database page to display the link state and external LSA databases. The OSPFv3 Link State Database page has been updated to display external LSDB table information in addition to OSPFv3 link state information.
Page 982: Ospfv3 Virtual Link Configuration
OSPFv3 Virtual Link Configuration Use the Virtual Link Configuration page to define a new or configure an existing virtual link. To display this page, a valid OSPFv3 area must be defined through the OSPFv3 Area Configuration page. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Virtual Link Configuration in the navigation panel.
Page 983 After you create a virtual link, additional fields display, as the Figure 35-30 shows. Figure 35-30. OSPFv3 Virtual Link Configuration Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 984: Ospfv3 Virtual Link Summary
OSPFv3 Virtual Link Summary Use the Virtual Link Summary page to display virtual link data by Area ID and Neighbor Router ID. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Virtual Link Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 35-31. OSPFv3 Virtual Link Summary Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 985: Ospfv3 Route Redistribution Configuration
OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Configuration Use the Route Redistribution Configuration page to configure route redistribution. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Route Redistribution Configuration in the navigation panel. Figure 35-32. OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Configuration Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 986: Ospfv3 Route Redistribution Summary
OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Summary Use the Route Redistribution Summary page to display route redistribution settings by source. To display the page, click IPv6 → OSPFv3 → Route Redistribution Summary in the navigation panel. Figure 35-33. OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Summary Configuring OSPF and OSPFv3...
Page 987: Nsf Ospfv3 Configuration
NSF OSPFv3 Configuration Use the NSF OSPFv3 Configuration page to configure the non-stop forwarding (NSF) support mode and to view NSF summary information for the OSPFv3 feature. NSF is a feature used in switch stacks to maintain switching and routing functions in the event of a stack unit failure. For information about NSF, see "What is Nonstop Forwarding?"...
Page 988: Configuring Ospf Features (Cli)
This section provides information about the commands you use to configure and view OSPF settings on the switch. This section does not describe all available show commands. For more information about all available OSPF PowerConnect 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI commands, see the Reference Guide at support.dell.com/manuals.
Page 989 Command Purpose default-information Control the advertisement of default routes. originate [always] • always — Normally, OSPF originates a default route only metric-value [metric if a default route is redistributed into OSPF (and default- type-value [metric-type information originate is configured). When the always option is configured, OSPF originates a default route, even if no default route is redistributed.
Page 990 Command Purpose passive-interface default Configure OSPF interfaces as passive by default. This command overrides any interface-level passive mode settings.OSPF does not form adjacencies on passive interfaces but does advertise attached networks as stub networks. delay-time timers spf Specify the SPF delay and hold time. hold-time delay-time •...
Page 991: Configuring Ospf Interface Settings
Configuring OSPF Interface Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure per-interface OSPF settings. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. vlan-id interface vlan Enter Interface Configuration mode for the specified VLAN. area-id ip ospf area Enables OSPFv2 on the interface and sets the area ID of [secondaries none] an interface.
Page 992 Command Purpose ip ospf dead-interval Set the OSPF dead interval for the interface. seconds seconds variable indicates the number of seconds a router waits to see a neighbor router's Hello packets before declaring that the router is down (Range: 1–65535). This parameter must be the same for all routers attached to a network.
Page 993: Configuring Stub Areas And Nssas
Command Purpose exit Exit to Global Configuration Mode router ospf Enter OSPF configuration mode. passive-interface vlan Make an interface passive to prevent OSPF from forming vlan-id an adjacency on an interface. OSPF advertises networks attached to passive interfaces as stub networks. ip-address network Enable OSPFv2 on interfaces whose primary IP address...
Page 994 Command Purpose area-id area default-cost Configure the metric value (default cost) for the type 3 integer summary LSA sent into the stub area. Range: 1–16777215) area-id area nssa Create an NSSA for the specified area ID. area-id area nssa no- Configure the NSSA so that summary LSAs are not summary advertised into the NSSA.
Page 995: Configuring Virtual Links
Configuring Virtual Links Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure OSPF Virtual Links. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. router ospf Enter OSPF configuration mode. area-id area virtual-link Create the OSPF virtual interface for the specified area- neighbor-id neighbor-id id and neighbor router.
Page 996 Command Purpose area-id area virtual-link Set the OSPF hello interval for the virtual link. neighbor-id hello-interval seconds variable indicates the number of seconds to seconds wait before sending Hello packets from the virtual interface. (Range: 1–65535). area-id area virtual-link Set the OSPF dead interval for the virtual link. neighbor-id dead-interval seconds...
Page 997: Configuring Ospf Area Range Settings
Configuring OSPF Area Range Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure an OSPF area range. Command Purpose configure Enter global configuration mode. router ospf Enter OSPF configuration mode. area-id area range Configure a summary prefix for routes learned in a given area. ip-address mask area-id •...
Page 998 Command Purpose distribute-list Specify the access list to filter routes received from the accesslistname out {rip | source protocol. The ACL must already exist on the static | connected} switch. For information about the commands you use to configure ACLs, see "Configuring ACLs (CLI)" on page 533.
Page 999: Configuring Ospfv3 Features (Cli)
OSPFv3 settings on the switch. For more information about the commands PowerConnect and about additional show commands, see the 8024/8024F/8132/8132F/8164/8164F CLI Reference Guide support.dell.com/manuals. Configuring Global OSPFv3 Settings Beginning in Privileged EXEC mode, use the following commands to configure various global OSPFv3 settings for the switch.
Page 1000 Command Purpose distance ospf {external | Set the preference values of OSPFv3 route types in the inter-area | intra-area } router. distance distance The range for the variable is 1–255. Lower route preference values are preferred when determining the best route.

This manual is also suitable for:

Powerconnect 8132f Powerconnect 8164f Powerconnect 8024f Powerconnect 8132 Powerconnect 8164

Dell PowerConnect 8024 User Configuration Manual

1 Introduction

2 Switch Features

3 Hardware Overview

4 Using Dell Openmanage Switch

5 Using the Command-Line Interface

6 Default Settings

7 Setting the IP Address and Other

8 Managing QSFP Ports

9 Managing a Switch Stack

10 Configuring Authentication

11 Monitoring and Logging System

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Summary of Contents for Dell PowerConnect 8024