Appendix; Midi - Yamaha CP4 Stage Reference Manual

Appendix

MIDI

Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) is a global standard designed to allow performance, voice, and other data to
be transferred between musical instruments. As such, reliable data communication is assured even between musical
instruments and equipment from different manufacturers. In addition to data generated by playing the keyboard or
selecting a Performance, a wide range of other data types — such as tempo and instrument controls — can also be
exchanged via MIDI. Using the powerful functionality provided by this technology, you can not only play other
instruments using your stage piano's keyboard and controllers, but you can also change pan and reverb settings for
each Part and adjust effect settings. In fact, practically all of the parameters that can be set using the instrument's control
panel can also be remotely controlled from another MIDI device.
In this section, data and values will be displayed in binary, decimal, and hexadecimal formats. In order to indicate
hexadecimal values, an "H" is displayed in front of or behind the numeric values. Furthermore, "n" is used to represent an
arbitrary integer (or whole number).
MIDI Channels
MIDI data can be transmitted and received on one of
sixteen MIDI channels. Therefore, performance data for
up to sixteen different instrument Parts can be
simultaneously exchanged over a single MIDI cable.
MIDI channels are very similar in nature to TV channels,
in that each TV station transmits its broadcasts over a
specific channel. Your TV, for example, receives many
different programs at the same time from different
broadcasters, and you select which program to watch by
choosing the corresponding channel.
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In much the same way, multiple transmitting devices in a
MIDI system can each be set to send data on a separate
channel (i.e., a MIDI Transmit channel), which link with the
system's receiving devices via MIDI cables. If a receiving
device's MIDI channel (i.e., a MIDI Receive channel)
matches a MIDI Transmit channel, the receiving device
will produce sound in response to the data sent by the
corresponding transmitting device.
CP4 STAGE or CP40 STAGE
MIDI keyboard or synthesizer
50 CP4 STAGE/CP40 STAGE Reference Manual
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MIDI cable
NOTE
MIDI transmit and receive channels on the CP4 STAGE
and CP40 STAGE are set as follows for each Part.
CP4 STAGE:
MAIN Part: Channel 1 is used for both transmission and
reception.
LAYER Part: Channel 2 is used for both transmission and
reception.
SPLIT Part: Channel 3 is used for both transmission and
reception.
CP40 STAGE:
MAIN Part: Channel 1 is used for both transmission and
reception.
SPLIT/LAYER Part: Channel 2 is used for both
transmission and reception.
Supported MIDI message types
Broadly speaking, MIDI messages can be divided into
two groups — channel messages and system messages.
A description of each different type of channel message
and system message supported by the CP4 STAGE and
CP40 STAGE is provided below. Further details can be
found in the MIDI Data Format and MIDI Implementation
Chart sections of the Data List pdf.
Channel Messages
MIDI channel messages contain performance-related
information, and each one is sent on a specific MIDI
channel.
 Note On & Note Off
Note On and Note Off messages are generated when a
keyboard is played. Specifically, a Note On message is
produced when a key is pressed; a Note Off message,
when it is released. Each of these messages contains a
specific note number corresponding to the key that was
pressed, in addition to a velocity value indicating how
hard the key was struck. Receivable MIDI note numbers
range from 0 (C-2) to 127 (G8), with middle C (C3)
represented by 60. Receivable velocity values, which are
contained within Note On messages only, range from 1 to
127.