Glossary - Panasonic DVD-A7 Operating Instructions Manual

I Glossary
I_"L_ E".'.'.'.'.'.'.'.T _._
Frame
Frames are the still pictures that go together to make a moving
picture.
There are about thirty frames shown each second.
Field
One frame is made up of two fields.
A regular television shows these fields one after the other to create
frames.
Frame still and field still
A still is shown when you pause a moving picture.
A frame still is made up of two alternating fields, so the picture may
appear blurred, but overall quality is high
A field still is not blurred, but it has only half the informalion of a
frame still so picture quality is lower
I/P/B
MPEG 2, the video compression standard adopted for use with
DVD, codes frames usingthese three picture types,
I: Intra coded picture (I-picture)
This is the standard pictureand is a complete picture in itself. This
means it has the best picture quafity and is the best to use when
adjusting the picture.
P: Predictive coded picture (]_-picture)
This picture is calculated based on past I and P-pictures.
B: Bidirectionally-predictive coded picture (B-picture)
This picture is calculated by comparing past and future I and P-
pictures so it has the lowest volume of information.
Decoder
A decoder restores the coded audio signals on DVDs to normal
This is called decoding.
Dolby Digital
This is a method of coding digital signals developed by Dolby
Laboratories. The signals are highly compressed, enabling a large
amount of information to be recorded on one disc.
Digital Theater Systems (DTS) Digital Surround
This is a method of coding digital signals developed by Digital
Theater Systems The signals are compressed at a low ratio to
maintain sound quality
Sampling rate
This is the number of samples of sound taken per second during
conversion to a digital signal Sampling frequency _s expressed in
kilohertz (kHz). A high sampling frequency results in a sound close
to the original when played back.
Linear PCM (pulse code modulation)
PCM is the usual digital method used for music CDs. DVDs have a
greater volume so they use linear PCM, which has a higher
sampling rate.
The compressed version of this is called Packed PCM.
Bitstream
This is the digital form of multiple channel audio data (e.g., 5.1-
channel) before it is decoded into its various channels.
II
Track
This is the smallest division on DVD-Audio, CD, and Video CD, and _.
usually equates to a single song.
Index
indexes are included on some DVD-Audio to further divide tracks
into smaller sections.
Chapter
This is the smallest divisionon DVD-Video and is roughlyequivalent
to a track.
Group
The tracks on DVD-Audio are divided up into groups. The method of
grouping depends on the disc.
Title
This is the largest division on DVD-Video
Playback control (PBC)
This method of controllingdisc play is included on version 2.0 Video
CDs. You are able to interact with the disc through menus.
ffl.._
VQ'rI_s4