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1. BASIC PROGRAMMING
Your Toshiba computer performs a list of instructions which are called a program.
(1) BASIC language
The BASIC language includes commands, statement, and functions.
Commands — Used to create, execute, edit or control BASIC programs.
Statements — A BASIC program consists of a set of statements each, in principle,
assigned its own line number.
Functions — Always used in statements to allow you special numeric operations or
special manipulation of numerals or characters. Functions can not be used alone.
(2) What is a program?
A program is а set of statements or commands which are arranged in order. The
computer executes statements in order — from the smallest line number to the largest
line number.
Line — Consists of a line number and one or more statements. Α line is the most basic
descriptive element in a BASIC program. The specifiable range of line numbers is
between 0 and 65529.
line number
statement
Eg.
19
PRINT "TOSHIBA"
20
PRINT "COMPUTER"
Multi-statement — While each line normally consists of only one statement, more than
опе statement separated by colons(:) may be used in a single line to save line numbers.
Line number statement : statement : statement : statement : statement :
E.g. 15 PRINT "TOSHIBA" : BEEP : PRINT "MICRO" : BEEP : GOTO 15
Note It should be noted, however, that no statement is allowed to follow the following
statements:
REM, END, RETURN, GOTO, and ON ~ GOTO
(3) Execution during command wait state
In the command wait state, the computer is ready to execute a command or statement
entered from the keyboard or to generate program codes.
e Immediately after the computer is switched on or program execution is completed ог
stopped, the computer enters the command wait state, with "Ok" appearing on the
screen.
€ Ifthe (^-jand( "= | keys are simultaneously pressed during program or command
execution, the computer stops the execution and enters the command wait state.
1) Program entry — If a command or statement is preceded by a line number when it is
entered from the keyboard, the computer regards it as a line of a program.
2) Direct execution — If a command or statement is entered with no line number
attached to it, the computer immediately executes it. To stop direct execution,
simultaneously press the (+=) and| "~
|keys; the computer will enter the command wait
State.
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