Page 1 CAS Computer Software...
Page 2: Important Information
Moreover, Texas Instruments shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever against the use of these materials by any other party. License Please see the complete license installed in C:\Program Files\TI Education\TI-Nspire CAS. © 2007 Texas Instruments Incorporated Microsoft®, Windows®, Excel®,Vernier EasyTemp®, Go!®Temp and...
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Contents Important Information... ii License... ii Introduction ...1 The TI-Nspire™ CAS computer software for math and science... 1 How to use this guidebook... 1 Getting Started ...3 The TI-Nspire™ CAS computer software Home Screen... 3 Using menus ... 4 Menu Options... 4 Using tool bars...
Page 4 Creating TI-Nspire™ variables ... 32 Special considerations for variables ... 34 Checking a variable’s value using the Calculator application ... 36 Using (linking) TI-Nspire™ variables ... 36 Removing a linked variable ... 39 Using Calculator ... 41 Getting started with the Calculator application... 41 Before you begin ...
Page 5 Financial calculations ... 65 Using the Finance Solver... 65 Finance functions included... 67 Working with the Calculator history... 67 Viewing the Calculator history ... 67 Reusing a previous expression or result... 68 Deleting an expression from the history ... 69 Clearing the Calculator history...
Page 6 Deleting a function ... 107 Clearing the work area... 107 The Trace tools ... 107 Using Graph Trace ... 108 Using Geometry Trace ... 109 Using Erase Geometry Trace ... 110 Manually manipulating functions ... 111 Manipulating a linear function ... 112 Manipulating a quadratic function ...
Page 7 Transferring a measurement ... 136 Transferring a numerical text entry to an axis ... 137 Transferring a measurement onto a circle... 138 Measuring graphs and objects ... 139 Identifying equations for circles and lines... 139 Measuring length... 140 Finding the area of a circular disc, polygon, rectangle or triangle ...
Page 8 Using Lists & Spreadsheet... 171 Getting started with tables ... 171 Before you begin ... 175 Navigating in a spreadsheet ... 175 Inserting a cell range into a formula... 176 Methods of entering data... 178 Entering a math expression, text, or spreadsheet formula...
Page 9 Supported Statistical tests ... 232 Statistics Input Descriptions ... 238 Exchanging data with other computer software ... 239 Example - copying data from TI DataEditor ... 240 Example - copying cells from an Excel® spreadsheet ... 241 Using Data & Statistics ...245 The Tool menu ...
Page 10 Creating a normal probability plot ... 271 Scatter Plots... 271 From the Lists & Spreadsheet work area:... 272 From the Data & Statistics work area:... 272 X-Y line plots... 274 Multiple Plots ... 274 Exploring data... 275 Moving points or bins of data ... 276 Selecting multiple points ...
Page 11 Working with TI-Nspire™ libraries...311 What is a library?... 311 Creating libraries and library objects ... 312 Private and Public library objects ... 312 Using short and long names... 313 Using library objects... 313 Using a public library object... 314 Using a private library object ... 314 Included libraries ...
Page 12 Avoiding circular-definition errors ... 334 Controlling the flow of a function or program ... 334 Using If, Lbl, and Goto to control program flow... 335 If Command ... 335 If...Then...EndIf structures ... 335 If...Then...Else... EndIf structures... 336 If...Then...ElseIf... EndIf structures ... 336 Lbl and Goto commands ...
Page 13: Introduction
TI-Nspire™ CAS computer software for math and science. The chapters in this guidebook include: Getting Started - Provides start up information and offers students and educators an overview of the basic operations of the TI-Nspire™ CAS computer software. Working with Documents - Provides instruction for creating and working with documents.
Page 14 Introduction...
Page 15: Getting Started
Getting Started The TI-Nspire™ CAS computer software Home Screen The TI-Nspireé CAS computer software home screen provides all the tools you need to create documents and work with problems. The example below illustrates the home screen with its main parts labeled.
Page 16: Using Menus
The following table lists the options available under each menu, what the option does, and a shortcut key or alternate access method, if one exists. As you work with the TI-Nspireé CAS computer software, note that all menu options may not always be available, depending upon what you are doing.
Page 17 Menu Menu Name Option Exit Edit Undo Redo Copy Paste Delete Select Application Swap Application Layout 8 View Getting Started Purpose Closes all applications and prompts to save the currently active document. Removes your latest action and displays the work area as it was before the action.
Page 18 Removes the Page Sorter from the display and displays pages at full size. Displays the TI-Nspire™ keypad Collapses all pages in the Page Sorter so that only the problems are listed for the open document.
Page 19 Allows you to activate your software if you are using a trial copy. This option is only available when using a trial version of the TI-Nspireé CAS computer software. Displays information about the TI-Nspire™ product. Shortcut; Alternate...
Page 20: Using Tool Bars
Using tool bars The TI-Nspireé CAS computer software tool bars provide shortcuts to the most frequently used menu options. When you move your cursor slowly over a tool icon, a brief text description of it displays on the screen. Tool bar contents The following table lists the tools available on the tool bar.
Page 21 Tool Description Cut - removes the selected text or objects on the active page that you want removed. Copy - makes an exact copy of the selected text or objects on the active page that you want to replicate. Paste - pastes the text or objects previously cut or copied onto a selected page.
Page 22: The Page Sorter
Tool Description Refresh Libraries - updates the list of libraries that have been stored and whose library documents have been saved. The Page Sorter The Page Sorter is the area on the left side of the screen. It displays thumbnail views of all pages in the document. Use the Page Sorter to move to different pages in your document, and to quickly move and rearrange pages.
Page 23: Using The Work Area
Using the Work Area The work area displays the active page in the document. You can add one or more applications to the page. Multiple work areas on one page You can divide each page into as many as four work areas. This allows you to use multiple applications on a page.
Page 24: Creating Multiple Work Areas
When you have multiple work areas on a page, the tool bar for the application in use displays as the application tool bar. Creating multiple work areas Click to display the page layout menu. Move the cursor to highlight the layout you wish to add to the page, and click to select it.
Page 25: Repositioning (Swapping) Applications On A Page
Click or select The TI-Nspire™ Keypad The TI-Nspireé CAS computer software allows you to display and use a virtual keypad, which directly mimics the behavior of the handheld keyboard. Use the keypad to enter expressions and perform calculations with the desktop software, just as you do with the handheld.
Page 26: Using The Ti-Nspire™ Keypad
Some of these keys are available on your computer keyboard, but if you display and use the keypad, you will have access to much of the functionality and shortcuts available on the handheld keyboard. Using the TI-Nspire™ keypad To display the keypad, select The keypad displays. Language Settings You specify the language for the software to display when you install it.
Page 27: Document Settings
When you customize these settings, the new options become the default settings for your work. These can be set using the TI-Nspireé CAS computer software and transmitted to a handheld when the handheld is connected to the computer.
Page 28: Customizing Document Settings
Field Auto or Approximate Vector Format Base Unit System Customizing document settings Select File > Document Settings The Document Settings window displays. Use the dropdown menus to view and select the desired option for each category. When you have modified the settings to suit your needs, click save the changes and close the window.
Page 29: Applying Document Settings To The System
Applying document settings to the system Click Apply to System system. A prompt displays, asking you to verify that this is what you want to do. Using the catalog Use the catalog to insert commands and functions, units, symbols and expression templates into your problems.
Page 30: Opening The Catalog
Opening the catalog Press on the keypad to open the catalog. Select the tab that contains the function, symbol or expression you want to insert into your problem. Use the scroll bar or down arrow to display the item, and click to select it.
Page 31: Entering Special Characters Or Templates
Entering special characters or templates There are two icons on the tool bar that give you quick access to symbols and templates: provides a symbol palette for adding special characters. contains math templates for creating two dimensional objects, including square root, integral, and product sum. To access one of the palettes, click the desired icon to open the palette.
Page 32: Changing The Desktop View
Changing the desktop view The TI-Nspireé CAS computer software allows you to change the display to meet specific needs. To change the desktop view: Click on the tool menu and select TI-Nspireé CAS Handheld View View or Presentation view. TI-Nspire™ Handheld View The Handheld View allows you to preview documents as they will appear on the handheld.
Page 33: Presentation View
Presentation View The Presentation View displays pages without the navigation pane. This view is useful when displaying documents with a digital projector. Getting Started...
Page 34 Getting Started...
Page 35: Working With Documents
Working with Documents All work that you create and save with the TI-Nspireé computer software is stored as a document. A document consists of one or more problems. Each problem contains one or more pages. A single page displays in the work area on your screen.
Page 36: Adding An Application To A Page
Adding an application to a page To add an application to a page: Select the Insert menu or click to display the application list. Working with Documents...
Page 37: Adding Multiple Applications To A Page
Click to select the application you want to add to the page. The application displays on the page, with a toolbar specific to that application. Adding multiple applications to a page By default, each page contains space to add one application. If you need to add more than one application to a page, you can change the layout to accommodate as many as four applications.
Page 38 Highlight the layout you wish to add to the page, and click to select The page displays the new layout. You can add an application to each of the new work areas on the page. Working with Documents...
Page 39: Adding A Problem To A Document
Adding a problem to a document A document can contain as many as 30 problems. To add a new problem to a document: Select the Insert Menu and then select Problem, or click select Problem A new problem and one new page are added to your document. Adding a page to a problem Each problem can contain up to 50 pages.
Page 40: Using The Page Sorter
Using the Page Sorter The Page Sorter is the area on the left side of the screen. It displays thumbnail views of all pages in the document. Use the Page Sorter to move to different pages in your document, and to quickly move and rearrange pages.
Page 41: Saving Documents
To save a new document: Select File > Save As... The Save TI-Nspire™ Document dialog opens. The default location for saving documents is My Documents/TI-Nspire. Select (or create) a folder in which to store the document. Type a name for the new document.
Page 42: Printing Documents
Note: If you do not change any print settings, the entire document is printed, not just the page displayed in the work area. in the tool bar. This immediately None , prints what is visible on the TI-Nspire™ . The printer fits the Print Working with Documents...
Page 43: Using Print Preview
Variable linking is a powerful tool for building and exploring mathematical models. Values and functions created or defined in one application can interact with other TI-Nspire™ CAS computer software for math and science applications to share data. (The relationship between Graphs & Geometry and Data Collection is a special one and is discussed in the Data Collection chapter.)
Page 44: Creating Ti-Nspire™ Variables
Creating a variable from a Graphs & Geometry value Click to select the value to store as a variable. Do one of the following: • From the TI-Nspire™ tool bar, select the Variables tool ( Variables options are displayed with Store highlighted. • Press Ctrl + L highlighted.
Page 45 Press . VAR := appears before the selected value. Enter This is the default variable name. Type over VAR with the variable name you want to give the value. When the variable name is typed, press The value is saved to that variable name, and the stored value or its name appears in bold text to indicate it is a stored value.
Page 46: Special Considerations For Variables
You cannot use a preassigned variable or function name, such as ans • Note: For a complete list of TI-Nspire™ functions, refer to the TI-Nspire™ Reference Guide. , you can use “ ” or the entry.
Page 47 My var Log1 3rdTotal Preventing name conflicts A TI-Nspire™ shared variable can have the same name as a table cell or column letter. To help you prevent name conflicts in your table formulas, Lists & Spreadsheet provides syntax rules. •...
Page 48: Checking A Variable's Value Using The Calculator Application
You can check the value of an existing variable by entering its name on the Calculator entry line. On the Calculator entry line, type the variable name num and press Enter The value most recently stored in num displays as the result.
Page 49 Variables options are displayed with Store highlighted. Use 9 and : to scroll the list, or type part of the variable name. As you type, the TI-Nspire™ system displays a list of variables that begin with the letters you typed. Typing part of the name enables you to locate a variable more quickly if the list is long.
Page 50 The variable can be any variable in the current problem and can be defined in Graphs & Geometry, Calculator, or any instance of Lists & Spreadsheet. Note: Do not link to a system variable. Doing so could prevent the variable from being updated by the system.
Page 51: Removing A Linked Variable
Removing a linked variable To remove a linked variable from a page: Select the linked variable. Do one of the following: • From the TI-Nspire™ tool bar, select the Variables tool ( • Press Ctrl + L • Select the Tools Menu and select the Variables option.
Page 52 Working with Documents...
Page 53: Using Calculator
You can also use it to define variables, functions, and programs. When you define or edit a variable, function, or program, it becomes available to any TI-Nspire™ math and science learning technology application—such as Graphs & Geometry—that resides in the same problem.
Page 54 – Entered expressions and results show in the Calculator history. Â Example of Calculator variables used in another TI-Nspire™ application The Calculator tool menu The Calculator tool menu lets you enter and evaluate a variety of math expressions.
Page 55 Complex Conjugate Real Part Imaginary Part Polar Angle Magnitude Convert to Polar Convert to Rectangular Algebra Solve Factor Expand Zeros Numerical Solve Polynomial Tools Using Calculator Function Inserts lcm() Inserts function. gcd() Inserts remain() Lets you select propFrac() getNum() getDenom() comDenom()
Page 56 Inserts the Product template. Inserts fMin() Inserts fMax() Inserts arcLen() Lets you select taylor() , or series() dominantTerm() Inserts deSolve() Inserts impDif() Lets you select nDeriv() , or nfMin() nfMax() Inserts Inserts nPr() Inserts nCr() Using Calculator , or right() nInt()
Page 57 Distributions Statistics Stat Calculations Stat Results List Math List Operations Distributions Confidence Intervals Stat Tests Matrix & Vector Transpose Using Calculator Function Lets you select rand() randInt() randBin() randNorm() randSamp() RandSeed Lets you select from several distributions, such as Normal...
Page 58 Sphere Lets you view, open for editing, import, or create a new program or function. Inserts a template for creating a function. Inserts a template for creating a program. Inserts the command. Local Using Calculator , or dotP() , or...
Page 59: Before You Begin
Transfer Disp Mode Add New Line Before you begin Open the computer software, and add the Calculator application to a document. Entering and evaluating math expressions Options for entering expressions Calculator lets you enter and edit expressions through several methods.
Page 60: Controlling The Form Of A Result
A close decimal equivalent is 917.33333..., but that’s only an approximation. By default, Calculator retains the more precise form: 2752/3. Any result that is not a whole number displays in a fractional or symbolic form (1/2, , etc.). This reduces rounding errors that could be introduced by intermediate results in chained calculations.
Page 61: Inserting Items From The Catalog
Inserting items from the Catalog You can use the Catalog to insert system functions and commands, units, symbols, and expression templates into the Calculator entry line. Click to open the Catalog. Note: Some functions have a wizard that prompts you for each argument.
Page 62: Using An Expression Template
Press to insert the item into the entry line. Enter Using an expression template The Calculator has templates for entering matrices, piecewise functions, systems of equations, integrals, derivatives, products, and other math expressions. For example, suppose you want to evaluate Click to display the Template palette.
Page 63: Creating Matrices
Press to evaluate the expression. Enter Creating matrices Click to display the Template palette. Select The Create a Matrix dialog box displays. Type the Number of rows Type the Number of columns Using Calculator , and then select...
Page 64: Inserting A Row Or Column Into A Matrix
Calculator displays a template with spaces for the rows and columns. Note: If you create a matrix with a large number of rows and columns, it may take a few moments to appear. Type the matrix values into the template, and press the matrix.
Page 65 11. Select to close the wizard and insert the expression into the entry line. Calculator inserts the expression and adds a statement to display the variable stat.results, which will contain the results. LinRegMx {1,2,3,4,5},{5,8,11,14,17},1 : stat.results Calculator then displays the stat.results variables.
Page 66: Creating A Piecewise Function
The Piecewise Function dialog box displays. Type the Number of Function Pieces Calculator displays a template with spaces for the pieces. Type the expressions into the template, and press function. Enter an expression to evaluate or graph the function. For example,...
Page 67: Deferring Evaluation
• If the variable already exists, Calculator updates it. Variables within a problem are shared by TI-Nspire™ math and science learning technology applications. For example, you can create a variable in Calculator and then use or modify it in Graphs & Geometry or Lists &...
Page 68: Alternative Methods For Storing A Variable
This means: Calculate 5+8 num. Press Enter Calculator creates the variable num and stores the result there. Alternative methods for storing a variable As alternatives to using command. All of the following statements are equivalent. & num := 5+8 Define num=5+8 Checking a variable’s value...
Page 69: Updating A Variable
Entry Result a := 2 a := a & Types of variables You can store the following TI-Nspire™ math and science learning technology data types as variables: Data type Examples Expression 2.54 List {2, 4, 6, 8}...
Page 70: Rules For Naming Variables
• You cannot use a preassigned variable, function, or command name, such as Ans, , or Note: For a complete list of TI-Nspire™ functions, refer to the Reference Guide. • Library documents and library objects are subject to additional naming restrictions. For details, see the “Libraries” section of the documentation.
Page 71: Reusing The Last Answer
Variable names 3rdTotal, list1.1 Reusing the last answer Each instance of Calculator automatically stores the last calculated result as a variable named Ans. You can use Ans to create a chain of calculations. Note: Do not link to Ans or any system variable. Doing so could prevent the variable from being updated by the system.
Page 72: Temporarily Substituting A Value For A Variable
Define programs. You can create them in the Calculator application or in the Program Editor and then use them in other TI-Nspire™ applications. For information on programming with the Program Editor, see the “Programming” and “Libraries” sections of the documentation.
Page 73 As an example, define a function named arguments x and y. If argument x > argument y, the function should return the value of x. Otherwise, it should return the value of y. On the Calculator entry line, type yet. Enter On the Functions &...
Page 74: Defining A Multiple-Line Function Manually
Note: To start each new line without completing the function definition, you hold down and press As an example, define a function cumulative sum of integers from 1 through x. On the Calculator entry line, type yet. Enter On the Functions & Programs Calculator inserts the template.
Page 75: Defining A Program
Based on the comparison, the program should display the text “x greater than y” or “x not greater than y” (showing the values of x and y in the text). On the Calculator entry line, type yet. Enter On the Functions &...
Page 76: Recalling A Function Or Program Definition
Editing Calculator expressions Although you cannot edit an expression in the Calculator history, you can copy all or part of an expression from the history and paste it to the entry line. You can then edit the entry line.
Page 77: Inserting Into An Expression In The Entry Line
Select the part of the expression to delete. Press Delete Financial calculations Several TI-Nspire™ CAS functions provide financial calculations, such as time value of money, amortization calculations, and return on investment calculations. The Calculator application also includes a Finance Solver. It lets you dynamically solve several types of problems, such as loans and investments.
Page 78 Enter The solver calculates the value and stores all the values in “tvm.” variables, such as tvm.n and tvm.pmt. These variables are accessible to all TI-Nspire™ CAS applications within the same problem. key to cycle through the , and PmtAt...
Page 79: Finance Functions Included
Finance functions do not automatically store their argument values or results to the TVM variables. • For a complete list of TI-Nspire™ functions, refer to the Reference Guide. Working with the Calculator history As you enter and evaluate expressions in the Calculator application, each entry/result pair is saved in the Calculator history.
Page 80: Reusing A Previous Expression Or Result
Scroll position indicator Reusing a previous expression or result You can copy an expression, subexpression, or result from the Calculator history and paste it into the entry line or into other TI-Nspire™ applications. Scroll to the item that you want to copy.
Page 81: Deleting An Expression From The History
Press Delete The expression and its result are removed. Clearing the Calculator history When you clear the history, all variables and functions defined in the history retain their current values. If you clear the history by mistake, use the undo feature.
Page 82 Using Calculator...
Page 83: Using Graphs & Geometry
Using Graphs & Geometry Getting started with Graphs & Geometry The Graphs & Geometry application enables you to: • Graph and explore functions. • Create and explore geometric shapes. • Animate points on objects or graphs and explore their behavior. •...
Page 84: Getting Acquainted With Graphs & Geometry
Getting acquainted with Graphs & Geometry Open the TI-Nspireé computer software, and add the Graphs & Geometry application to your page. When you add Graphs & Geometry to a page, your work area contains the x and y axes for a graph, as well as a function entry line and Graphs &...
Page 85 Menu Option List Trace Points & Lines Measurement Shapes Construction Transformation Action Menu Tools Tool name Pointer Hide/Show Attributes Delete All Text Coordinates and Equations Using Graphs & Geometry Overview of Tool Actions Creates and activates a trace on the graph. Sets the trace increment and enables you to create and remove geometric trace.
Page 86 Opens the calculate tool to perform calculations using measurements, numerical values, or calculation results. This tool is different from the Calculator application. Redefines a previously defined point to a new location. For example, it can define a point in free space to a location on an object or from one object to another object.
Page 87 Tool name Show (Hide) Scale Add Function Table Graphing Type Menu Tools Tool name Function Parametric Polar Scatter Plot Window Menu Tools Tool name Window Settings Using Graphs & Geometry Tool function Toggles between showing and hiding the scale legend on the work area. When the scale is shown, the value and/or units can be changed to desired values/units.
Page 88 Tool name Zoom - Box Zoom - In Zoom - Out Zoom - Standard Zoom - Quadrant 1 Zoom - User Zoom - Trig Zoom - Data Zoom - Fit Tool function Enables you to define an area that you want to enlarge. Enables you to define the center point of the zoom in location.
Page 89 Trace Menu Tools Tool name Graph Trace Trace Setting Geometry Trace Erase Geometry Trace Points and Lines Menu Tools Tool name Point Point On Intersection Point Line Using Graphs & Geometry Tool function Places and activates a trace point on the graph, enabling you to trace a function and identify points of interest as they are encountered during the...
Page 90 Tool name Segment Tangent Vector Measurement Menu Tools Tool name Length Area Slope Angle Tool function Constructs a segment, defined by two end points, which may be created or defined in free space or on a defined object. If you press Shift while creating the segment, you limit its orientation, relative to the x-axis or the horizontal aspect of the screen, by 15- increments.
Page 91 Tool name Integral Shapes Menu Tools Tool name Circle Triangle Rectangle Polygon Regular Polygon Construction Menu Tools Tool name Perpendicular Parallel Perpendicular Bisector Using Graphs & Geometry Tool function Calculates and displays the numerical value of the integral of a selected function, and shades the area between the curve and the x-axis from point a to point b.
Page 92 Tool name Angle Bisector Midpoint Locus Compass Measurement Transfer Transformation Menu Tools Tool name Symmetry Reflection Translation Rotation Dilation Tool function Constructs a line that bisects an angle identified by three selected points where the second point is the vertex. Constructs a midpoint of two selected points, a segment, or side of a polygon.
Page 93: Using The Context Menu
Note: When you select a tool to use, that tool’s icon displays in the upper left corner of the Graphs & Geometry page. It is there to remind you which tool is currently active. Using the Context menu The context menu provides the tools most commonly used with the selected object, function, or axes.
Page 94: The Graphing View
The graphing view The graphing view is the default Graphs & Geometry work area display. It contains: • the default Cartesian axes in the Zoom Standard format (1:1 scale). • the entry line from which you can graph up to 100 functions. Axes, entry line, and grid can all be displayed or hidden, but in this view, no scale for any drawn shapes (e.g.
Page 95: The Analytic Window
The display refreshes to show the axes and entry line. Note: Any geometric constructions created while in the plane geometry view are retained and displayed along with any previously- created graphs. The analytic window The analytic (graphing) window is available in the plane geometry view. It adds an analytic (graphing) window on top of a portion of the plane geometry work area.
Page 96: To Remove The Analytic Window From The Work Area
Graphing area Modeling view - shows the previous two views and the work done on both. You can alter the work area, without changing the view, to temporarily: • hide the axes. Any graphs or objects remain displayed on the work area.
Page 97 When you create an object in the plane geometry area, it is a geometric object. These objects can have an assigned scale, such as miles or centimeters, instead of u for units. You can lock a point, such as one vertex of a triangle, on the work area, but since the object is not tied to a coordinate plane, you cannot display coordinates for that vertex.
Page 98 If you construct an object while the axis is hidden, the object created will be a geometric object. However, if you construct an analytic object and later hide the axis, the object remains an analytical one. Triangle as it appears in Graphing view.
Page 99: Creating And Manipulating Axes
Summary of differences Feature Graph Area Aspect Ratio Adjustable; initially 1:1 Units of Measure Generic (displayed as u) Area Graph Type Cartesian (default) or Polar Uses • • • • Behavior Analytic constructions must remain in the analytic area. Creating and manipulating axes When you add the Graphs &...
Page 100 – Select an axis and drag to increase or decrease the numbers on the scale and tic mark spacing. The aspect ratio of the axes is retained. To modify the scale of only one axis, press the Shift key as you adjust the value or drag the line.
Page 101: Moving About The Work Area
To adjust the scale and tic mark spacing on a single axis, press and hold Shift, and then grab and drag a tic mark on that axis. Adjust the location of the axes. To move the existing axes without resizing or rescaling them, click in and drag an empty region of the screen until the axes are in the desired location.
Page 102: Turning The Grid On Or Off
The TI-Nspire™ computer software for math and science lets you resize the computer screen to change the display area. Select View > TI-Nspire are increased in size. To return the display to the original size, select again. Handheld View Turning the grid on or off Graphs &...
Page 103: Attaching An Object To The Grid
You resize the grid by rescaling the axes. To turn the grid off: From the View menu, select the Hide Grid tool ( When the tool is selected, the page updates to remove the grid. In addition, you can attach a function, graph, or object to the grid while the grid is displayed.
Page 104 To use Zoom: Open the Window menu. Click the Zoom option you want to use. In the following examples, all options except Zoom-Fit started with the graph of x . Zoom-Fit shows a graph of a sine function. The options are: •...
Page 105 • Zoom - Standard • Zoom - Quadrant 1 • Zoom - User (appears the same as Zoom - Standard if no new configuration is saved) • Zoom - Trig Using Graphs & Geometry...
Page 106: Checking Page Contents
Checking page contents When creating content on your computer for use on the handheld, select TI-Nspireé Handheld View from the View menu to see the page as it will appear on the handheld screen. By using this view, you can adjust the contents on the page to ensure it displays completely and correctly on the TI-Nspireé...
Page 107 À Á Â Ã From left to right, the parts of this line are: À Hide/Show function button. Á Attributes button. Â f1(x)= is the default notation for a function or inequality. Ã Blank area into which you enter the function, polar equation, inequality, parametric, or scatter plot data to be graphed.
Page 108: Additional Graphs & Geometry Features
Additional Graphs & Geometry features Keystroke shortcuts There are keystroke shortcuts that can simplify your work with Graphs & Geometry. These are: Keystrokes: Task accomplished: Removes a selected object from the work area. When used with the Line or Circle tool, constrains Circle and linear objects (Line, Ray, etc.) construction to discrete intervals (e.g.
Page 109: Attribute Settings
The arrow keys: • Up and Down - moves up and down among functions in the function history list. Moves up and down any tool menu list as well as the attributes list. When using the Trace tool, enables you to move to and trace a different graph when more than one graph is on the page.
Page 110 Name Icon(s) Fill Lock/ Unlock Point Style Activation Graph Appearance Axes Style Axes Settings Options Available for use on No fill, White, Circle, Triangle, Light Grey, Med Polygon, Regular Grey, Grey, Dark Polygon, Rectangle, Grey, Black Integrals Point, Point On, Intersection Point, Length, Perimeter, Area, Angle...
Page 111: Changing The Thickness And Style Of A Line/Outline
Name Icon(s) Axes End Style Axes Tic Labels Line Equation Type Equation Type Plot Points Labels Changing the thickness and style of a line/outline You can control the thickness and appearance of the lines and outlines of shapes that you create on the screen. To adjust the thickness of the lines: From the Actions menu, select the Attributes tool ( Select the object whose line you want to change.
Page 112: Locking Measured Values And Points
Use the same method to change the style of the line, selecting the style attribute, instead of the thickness attribute. Locking measured values and points Graphs & Geometry allows you to lock one or many values or points. To do this: From the Actions menu, select the Attributes tool ( Select the value or point that you want to lock.
Page 113: Working With Functions
Working with functions The entry line under the work area lets you specify functions in the format supported for each graph type in Graphs & Geometry. Using the entry line The entry line displays at the bottom of the page. The entry line displays the form to use to type the function that corresponds to the selected graph type.
Page 114: Using The Entry Line Expand Button
Using the entry line expand button Click the entry line to display a line-by-line history list of the functions entered on the screen. The list displays functions in the order of entry (top to bottom), with the most recent entry closest to the entry line. Use 9 and : to move up and down the list.
Page 115 Drag the text box to the x-axis, and drop it on the axis. Graphs & Geometry graphs the function on the axes. Using Graphs & Geometry...
Page 116: Graphing Inequalities
Regardless of how you enter functions, each function is labeled on the graph for identification. Graphing inequalities Function mode enables you to define a function that uses a symbol other than the equal sign. To change = to a different sign and graph the inequality: Position the cursor to the right of the equal sign.
Page 117: Editing Functions
Press until the line is blank. Backspace Type the letters/numbers for the system you want to use, and then type the function or inequality you want to enter. Press to graph the function. Enter Notice that the label shown next to the graph is identical to what you entered.
Page 118: Hiding A Function On The Work Area
Move the cursor to the portion of the function you want to change. If you are adding to the expression, type the new characters into the function. If you need to delete a portion of the function, remove the unneeded characters and type any new characters. Press to graph the revised function.
Page 119: Deleting A Function
Note: You can also hide a function by first selecting Hide/Show on the Actions menu, clicking the function on the work area, and pressing exit Hide/Show. Deleting a function To remove a function from your graph: Select the function by clicking on its graph. You can also select a function by using the Expand button to list all functions on the work area, then selecting the function in the list.
Page 120: Using Graph Trace
There is also an Erase Geometry Trace tool. This removes all geometry trace echos from the work area. Using Graph Trace Using the trace tool is another method of moving about a function, parametric, polar, or scatter plot graph. To enable the trace tool: Select the Graph Trace tool ( The trace point displays on the graph.
Page 121: Using Geometry Trace
supported. You cannot trace multiple polar and parametric equations simultaneously. – If you select another tool, Graph Trace becomes inactive. To exit Graph Trace mode, press Trace point on a sine graph. Notice the M (maximum) on the display. Using Geometry Trace The Geometry Trace tool object when it is moved on the work area.
Page 122: Using Erase Geometry Trace
track fade out to prevent the work area from becoming obscured by the track. In the following example, a line segment was drawn and selected for geometry trace. Movement of the segment was done manually. Using Erase Geometry Trace The easiest way to remove the trace tracks from the work area without deleting any objects or functions is to select the Erase Geometry Trace tool When selected, this tool removes immediately all trace tracks from the...
Page 123: Manually Manipulating Functions
Work area after trace track erased. Manually manipulating functions When you have graphed a function, you can use the Pointer tool ( translate, stretch and/or rotate it by grabbing its graph. As you maneuver the graph, its symbolic representation also changes. You can manipulate the following types of functions: •...
Page 124: Manipulating A Linear Function
Manipulating a linear function Initial function graph Manually rotated function. To rotate, “grab” near the ends of the graph then drag. Manipulating a quadratic function Original quadratic function Function translated along the x-axis. (Notice the revised function label) To translate, “grab” near the middle of the graph then drag.
Page 125: Manipulating A Sine Or Cosine Function
Function translated on the x-axis To translate, “grab” near the vertex of the graph then drag. Manipulating a sine or cosine function Original sine function Translation manipulation along the y-axis. To translate, “grab” near the axis of vertical symmetry of the graph then drag. Using Graphs &...
Page 126: Working With Multiple Objects At One Time
Working with multiple objects at one time You can select multiple objects and perform the same actions on them. Selecting multiple objects There are two ways to select multiple objects. To select using the pointer: Click the first object you want to select. Text indicates the type of object selected and the outline of the shape blinks to indicate selection.
Page 127: Deleting Multiple Selections
objects begin to blink, position the cursor on or press object you want to select and press To cancel the selection box selections: To cancel the selection box before it is completed, press To cancel the selection box after it is completed, click on a clear space in the work area without any objects or press Deleting multiple selections To delete multiple selected objects, press the delete key on the...
Page 128: Points
• Perpendicular line • Vectors • Tangent Points There are three tools for creating points: • Point • Point On • Intersection Point Creating a point You can create an independent, moveable point using the Point tool. From the Points & Lines menu, select the Point tool ( Move to the work area, and click to create a point.
Page 129: Defining An Intersection Point(S)
Defining an intersection point(s) Note: To use this tool, two drawn objects must have one or more intersection points. From the Points & Lines menu, select the Intersection Point tool ( Click on one object near its intersection with a second object. The exact intersection point between the two objects is drawn.
Page 130: Naming A Point
From the Actions menu, select the Coordinates and Equations tool Move the cursor toward the point’s location, and the coordinates blink. To add the coordinates to the work area, click to select the point and then press , or click the point to anchor the coordinates on the Enter work area.
Page 131: Redefining A Point
A second method is to name them as you create them. To add a name as you create an point, type a letter or name immediately after you define the point. For example, when creating a triangle, typing the letter “x” after creating the first vertex names that vertex “x”.
Page 132: Linear Objects
In these examples, the point is redefined from the circle to the segment. Linear objects The linear objects you can create and explore are located on the Points & Lines menu. Graphs & Geometry creates “smart” lines and rays. This means that the meaningful portion of the line or ray is displayed rather than having the object project to infinity.
Page 133: Creating A Line Segment
Click to define the endpoint of the ray. Move the cursor and click again to define the direction of the ray. Graphs & Geometry draws the ray. You can create a ray anywhere in the work area, regardless of the axes’ location.
Page 134: Creating A Line Segment With Defined Midpoint
Creating a line segment with defined midpoint With the Midpoint tool ( • on an existing line segment, • between two specified points on a line, • between two points on a page as you create the points. The midpoint is located and identified between the points. When the second point is selected, the midpoint is also created on the page.
Page 135: Creating A Parallel Line
Repositioning segments with midpoints To reposition the segment after placing it on the work area, click the Pointer tool ( Select the segment and drag it to a new location without changing its orientation or length, or select one endpoint and drag it to a new location.
Page 136: Creating A Perpendicular Line
Anchored parallel line Note: You can also click first on the work area and then select the reference line to create the parallel line. Creating a perpendicular line You can create a perpendicular line with respect to any existing line or segment in the work area including the axes, and the side of any triangle, square, rectangle or polygon.
Page 137: Creating A Vector
Note: Alternatively, you can double-click the line or segment to create at the point where you want the perpendicular line to intersect. To move the perpendicular line to a different location on the reference line, select the Pointer tool ( Click the intersection point and drag the point and perpendicular line to the new location.
Page 138: Moving A Vector
The dotted line changes to a solid line. Note: If you hold down the limit its orientation, relative to the x-axis or the horizontal aspect of the screen, by 15- increments. Moving a vector Select the Pointer tool ( Click on any point other than the endpoint and drag the vector to the desired location.
Page 139: Creating And Working With Objects (Shapes)
Tangent of an object Creating and working with objects (shapes) With Graphs & Geometry, you can draw: • Circles • Triangles • Rectangles • Polygons • Regular Polygons Creating a circle From the Shapes menu, select the Circle tool ( On the work area, click once to establish the center of the circle.
Page 140: Moving A Circle
When the circle has the radius you desire, click again. The dotted circumference changes to a solid circumference in the work area. This second click does not define a point on the circumference; instead, it completes the circle construction. Note: If you hold down the is limited in length to integers.
Page 141 Drag the circle inward or outward to increase or decrease the circumference. Release the mouse button to anchor the circle in the work area. Creating a circle with the Compass tool You can also create a circle with the Compass tool. From the Construction menu, select the Compass tool ( Move the cursor to the page and •...
Page 142 You can use a measured length for the radius of a circle. Select a segment or the side of a triangle or rectangle. Measure the length, and display the length value on the page. Select the Compass tool ( Click the length value. A circle with the radius of the selected length automatically appears.
Page 143: Creating A Triangle
Creating a triangle From the Shapes menu, select the Triangle tool ( On the work area, click once to establish the first vertex of the triangle. Move the cursor to the location for the second vertex and click again. Notice that the side of the triangle is shown as a dotted line. Move the cursor to the location of the last vertex.
Page 144: Reshaping A Triangle
Drag it to the new location. Reshaping a triangle Click one of the three vertices. Move the selected point until the triangle is the correct size. Creating a rectangle From the Shapes menu, select the Rectangle tool ( Click once to establish the first corner of the rectangle. Move the cursor to the location for the second corner, and click again.
Page 145: Creating A Polygon
Creating a polygon You can create a polygon by defining three or more connected points. While you can create a triangle using the Polygon tool ( Triangle tool ( ) reduces keystrokes. To construct a polygon: From the Shapes menu, select the Polygon tool ( On the work area, click once to establish the first point of the polygon.
Page 146: Moving A Polygon
To complete the polygon and anchor it on the work area, do one of the following: – double click the final point, – click on the initial point, or – press Enter The sides are defined by solid lines. Note: If you create a polygon with all defined points colinear, then the construction is defined as a segment.
Page 147: Creating A Regular Polygon
Click to re-anchor it on the work area. Creating a regular polygon From the Shapes menu, select the Regular Polygon tool ( Click once on the work area to establish the center point of the regular polygon. Move the cursor away from the center point and click on the work area again to establish the first vertex and radius.
Page 148: Transferring Measurements
Transferring Measurements You can duplicate (transfer) a specific length to a new object using the Measurement Transfer tool ( The objects you can transfer a length to are: • a circle - the length transferred becomes the radius of the circle. You can also transfer a measurement onto a circle to define an arc.
Page 149: Transferring A Numerical Text Entry To An Axis
To create a circle, select the Circle tool ( to the work area, the circle immediately appears. Its radius is the transferred measurement. Click to anchor the circle on the work area. If you are transferring a measurement to a line, ray or vector, click on the object.
Page 150: Transferring A Measurement Onto A Circle
From the Construction menu, select the Measurement Transfer tool Select the created number, then click on the desired axis. The value is marked by the addition of a point on the axis. In the example below, this point is labeled to show its value. Transferring a measurement onto a circle Either enter a value using the Text tool ( measurement on the work area.
Page 151: Measuring Graphs And Objects
The measurement is transferred in a counter-clockwise direction, and the starting and ending points of the value are marked by points. The arc defined on the circle has the same measure as the transferred value. Note: If you measure the distance between the two points on the circle, the value will be less than the transferred measurement.
Page 152: Measuring Length
Note: If you approach a defined point on the line or the center point of a circle, the coordinates for that point display instead of the equation. Move the cursor away from the defined point to obtain the equation of the object.
Page 153 To measure the distance between two points, between a point and a line, or between a point and a circle: Select the first point. Select the second point or a point on the line or circle. The selected length blinks. Click or press To measure the length of one side of a triangle, rectangle, or polygon:...
Page 154: Finding The Area Of A Circular Disc, Polygon, Rectangle Or Triangle
Finding the area of a circular disc, polygon, rectangle or triangle From the Measurement menu, select the Area tool ( On the work area, click or press To anchor the value on the work area, click or press The measurement remains visible and close to the object even if you change the size of the object.
Page 155: Finding The Measure Of An Angle
The measurement remains visible and close to the object even if you change the size of the object. If you alter an object, the measurement updates to reflect the new perimeter value. Finding the measure of an angle From the Measurement menu, select the Angle tool ( If the angle you want to measure exists on this space, click once on one side of the angle.
Page 156: Repositioning A Measured Value
The first click represents one side of the angle. Click a second time on the work area. The second click represents the vertex. Click a third time on the work area. The third click represents the second side of the angle. The measure of this angle appears on the work area.
Page 157: Adding Text To The Work Area
Click or press Enter The slope remains visible and close to the object even if you alter the slope. Note that the value changes as the object is moved. Note: If the object is vertical, the slope value is -% or +%. If the object is horizontal, the slope value is 0.
Page 158: Moving Text
If you use the Text tool ( interpreted as numbers by Graphs & Geometry and can be used for computing or specifying measurements. Click again or press To exit this mode, select another tool or save your work. Moving text Select the text with the Pointer tool ( Drag it to the new location.
Page 159: Exploring Functions, Graphs, And Objects
Select the formula just created, then select each angle measurement. When all variables in the formula have values, the answer displays on the work area. Click to anchor the value. Exploring functions, graphs, and objects Once you create graphs and objects, you can use other tools to explore various relationships among and between them.
Page 160: Finding Points Of Interest: Zeroes, Minima, Maxima
Finding points of interest: zeroes, minima, maxima When you create a graph, you can use the Point On tool ( the zeros, minima, and maxima if these are applicable for objects on the work area. (They may not display if their location on the graph not visible on your screen.) Both local and global points of interest display.
Page 161: Finding The Definite Integral Of A Function
As you move away from the point of interest, the identifier no longer displays on the page. Finding the definite integral of a function Select the function. From the Measurement menu, select the Integral tool ( Define the range for the integral, both the upper and lower limit. Do this by clicking on the function to display a limit boundary line.
Page 162: Finding The Derivative Of A Function At A Point (The Slope)
Notice that the integral between the bounds and with respect to the x-axis is shaded on the page. Tips: • To stop the boundary line at a tic mark on the x-axis, select the tic mark. • For precise integral boundaries, type a numerical value instead of graphically placing either or both lower and upper boundary lines.
Page 163: Transformations
From the Measurement menu, select the Slope tool ( Determine the slope at the tangent. This is the value of the derived function for the selected value of x. Click to anchor the value on the page. Transformations You can apply transformations to drawn objects, and some can be applied to functions.
Page 164: Exploring Reflection
From the Transformation menu, select the Symmetry tool ( Select the object, then select the point. The symmetrical image displays. Exploring reflection Create an object. Create a line or segment about which the object will be reflected. From the Transformation menu, select the Reflection tool ( On the work area, select the reflection line or segment.
Page 165: Exploring Translation
To anchor the reflection, click on the page or press Exploring translation Create an object to translate (duplicate). You can define the distance and direction of translation by • creating a vector, or • selecting two points “on the fly”. To use a vector, define it before performing the translation.
Page 166: Exploring Rotation
From the Transformation menu, select the Translate tool ( Select: • the vector or click on the page to define the translation direction and distance • the translation object. The translated object displays. Exploring rotation Create an object or graph a function. Create a point about which the object will be rotated.
Page 167: Exploring Dilation
From the Transformation menu, select the Rotation tool ( Move to the work area and select the point about which the object will be rotated, and the object to rotate, and the three points that define the angle of rotation or the numeric angle value.
Page 168 From the Transformation menu, select the Dilation tool ( Select the value measured or created, the dilation point, and then move toward the object. The dilation appears on the work area. In the following example, the polygon from the previous example was retained, but a negative number was entered using the Text tool Polygon, dilation point, and measurement on...
Page 169: Other Investigations
Other investigations You can investigate graphs by • Bisecting segments • Bisecting angles • Finding the Locus Bisecting a segment defined on a line From the Construction menu, select the Perpendicular Bisector tool Click on the line to select one end point for this segment. Move to another point on the line and select it.
Page 170: Bisecting A Segment
Creating the second point on a line. Perpendicular bisector anchored on segment between two defined points. Bisecting a segment From the Construction menu, select the Perpendicular Bisector tool Click the segment. The perpendicular bisector displays. Click once more to anchor the bisector on the work area. Note: A segment can be one side of a triangle, rectangle, or a polygon.
Page 171: Bisecting An Implied Segment
Bisecting the side of a polygon (bisector not anchored on page.) Bisecting an implied segment From the Construction menu, select the Perpendicular Bisector tool You imply a segment by defining two points. Click once to define one end of the implied segment. As you move away from this point, a segment and the bisector appear.
Page 172: Bisecting An Angle
Click a second time to define the other end of the implied segment and anchor the segment and bisector. Bisecting an angle From the Construction menu, select the Angle Bisector tool ( If a triangle or other angle already exists on the work area, click once on one side of the desired angle.
Page 173: Bisecting An Implied Angle
Creating the angle bisector at the vertex of a triangle. Bisecting an implied angle From the Construction menu, select the Angle Bisector tool ( If no angle is present on the work area, you can create one by selecting three different points. Click to define the first side of the angle.
Page 174: Creating A Locus
Creating an angle bisector by defining three points. The second point represents the vertex of the angle. Note: If you select the Pointer tool ( created angle, the angle bisector moves so that it always bisects the angle. Creating a locus The Locus tool ( ) enables you to explore the range of motion of one object with respect to another object as constrained by a shared point.
Page 175 From the Construction menu, select the Locus tool ( On the work area, select the last object. Select the defined point used by both objects. The continuous locus picture is displayed. Move the point on the first construction. The second construction deforms to follow the locus point. Two examples of the radius change of the circle as the locus moves along the line segment.
Page 176: Animating Objects
Locus created using a point and a segment. Animating objects You can animate a point on a line, ray, axis, vector, graph, segment or circle. In addition, you can also animate points on multiple objects in the work area at one time. Animating one point on an object From the Points &...
Page 177: The Animation Control Panel
From the Actions menu, select the Attributes tool ( When the attribute bar displays, select the animation attribute ( The default speed is 0. You can type a number from 1 - 9 to set speed or you can use < or > to select a speed from -12 to 12. The higher the number you type, the faster the animation speed.
Page 178: Changing The Animation Of A Point In Motion
Changing the animation of a point in motion To change the speed of a point’s movement or the direction of animation: Reset or pause the animation. Select the Attributes tool ( Select the point you want to change. When the attribute bar displays, select the animation attribute ( To change the speed, type a new velocity number.
Page 179: Plotting Collected Data
If no other animated points are on the page, the animation control box does not reappear when the velocity is set to 0. Note: If you have multiple points in motion on one page and want to permanently stop the animation of all objects, when motion is paused or stopped, display the attributes bar for each point and change the velocity to 0.
Page 180 Create the data lists on the Lists & Spreadsheet portion of the page. Select the Scatter Plot tool ( Select the lists to plot from the drop down list for each axis. When both entry fields have a data list specified, the scatter plot displays on the Graphs &...
Page 181 To label the points on the scatter plot, select the Point On tool ( from the Points & Lines menu. Select the first point. The coordinates display. Click to anchor the values on the work area. To label the remaining points, select them one at a time. Using Graphs &...
Page 182 Click each one to anchor the coordinates on the work area. Label the axes and significant points, if desired. Note: If you have plotted more than one set of data, notice that each plot has a different point style. You can use Graphs & Geometry to examine the differences between points in one data set or between two or more sets by determining the slope between points, comparing min and max points, and/or calculating overall change over elapsed time.
Page 183: Using Lists & Spreadsheet
• Generate columns of data based on other columns or sequences that you define. • Share individual cells with other TI-Nspire™ math and science learning technology applications as variables, and share columns of data as lists. • Plot table data using the Data & Statistics application.
Page 184 À Á À Lists & Spreadsheet menu (available when a Lists & Spreadsheet work area is active) Á Sample Lists & Spreadsheet work area Â Lists & Spreadsheet data shared with another TI-Nspire™ application Â Using Lists & Spreadsheet...
Page 185 The Lists & Spreadsheet tool menu The Lists & Spreadsheet tool menu lets you modify your display and enter and evaluate a variety of math expressions. Menu Menu Option Name Actions Move Column Resize Select Go To ( Ctrl G Recalculate ( Sort Insert...
Page 186 Ctrl T Select Function Function Allows manual or automatic capture of variable data from Graphs & Geometry, Calculator, Data & Statistics, or within Lists & Spreadsheets. Use Ctrl . to trigger each manual capture. Lets you duplicate the contents of a selected cell or group of cells within a column.
Page 187: Before You Begin
Delete Column Edit Function Expression Before you begin Open the TI-Nspire™ computer software, and add the Lists & Spreadsheet application to a document. Navigating in a spreadsheet You can select any cell to view or edit its contents. When a spreadsheet is larger than the Lists &...
Page 188: Inserting A Cell Range Into A Formula
À Á Â À Column reference Á Header or formula row Â Row reference Ã Column/list name Ä Cells Å Entry line Inserting a cell range into a formula The Select Range feature lets you insert a cell range (such as a1:b3) into a formula by selecting the range instead of typing cell addresses into an argument.
Page 189 On the menu, choose Actions A dotted selection rectangle appears around the cell. Use the arrow keys along with the values whose mean you want to calculate. The formula is updated as you select. Using Lists & Spreadsheet , and then choose Select key to select the range of Shift...
Page 190: Methods Of Entering Data
Press to complete the formula and evaluate the formula and Enter display the result. Methods of entering data The method you use to enter spreadsheet data depends on the type of data and your personal preferences. You can use different methods in combination.
Page 191: Entering A Math Expression, Text, Or Spreadsheet Formula
Lists & Spreadsheet automatically recalculates any cells that are dependent on the cell you entered. If you have shared the cell, and other TI-Nspire™ math and science learning technology applications are linked to the cell, the other applications are also updated.
Page 192: Working With Individual Cells
Working with individual cells Creating absolute and relative cell references Cell references let you enter formulas that refer to spreadsheet data instead of having to duplicate it and remember to update it. When you change the contents of a referenced cell, all references to the data are updated automatically in the spreadsheet.
Page 193: Inserting Items From The Catalog
For example, =mean(B1:C5)*1. in the block bounded by columns force the results of an expression to a decimal approximation, you multiply by “1.” ) À À Formula that refers to a rectangular block of cells Á Result of formula References such as references describe where a cell is in relation to other cells of the spreadsheet.
Page 194: Deleting The Contents Of A Cell Or Block Of Cells
Note: Some functions have a wizard that prompts you for each argument. If you prefer to enter the argument values directly in the cell, you may need to disable the wizard. Click the tab for the category of the item. Click to select the item that you want to insert.
Page 195: Copying A Cell Or Block Of Cells
Press Delete Backspace The selected cell contents are deleted. Note: If other cells contain formulas that refer to the cell’s previous contents, those cells show an error. Copying a cell or block of cells When you copy cells, the formulas (if any) in the original cells are copied to the destination cells, replacing the previous contents of those cells.
Page 196: Filling Adjacent Cells
Press Ctrl C The selected cell contents are copied to the Clipboard. Select the cell where you want to duplicate the copied cell. If you are copying a block of data, select the cell that will become the upper left corner of the copied block. Press Ctrl V Note: Paste copied data into a cell that is in the same mode as the cell...
Page 197: Sharing A Cell Value As A Variable
Sharing a cell value as a variable You can share the value of a cell with other TI-Nspire™ applications by storing it as a variable. When you define or refer to a shared cell in Lists &...
Page 198: Preventing Name Conflicts
The cell shows the value of the variable. Preventing name conflicts A TI-Nspire™ shared variable can have the same name as a spreadsheet cell or column letter. For best results, choose variable names that do not use the same name format as spreadsheet cells (like A1) and columns (A).
Page 199: Working With Rows And Columns Of Data
• To refer to a variable whose name could conflict with the name of a cell (such as A1), precede the variable name with an apostrophe (‘A1). Or, you can avoid choosing names that are similar in format to cell and column names (such as A and A1). •...
Page 200: Inserting An Empty Row Or Column
Drag to reposition the boundary or resize a row or column by clicking Resize on the Actions menu. Select Resize Column Width or Resize Row Height to position the size with the mouse. Click to complete sizing and set a custom column width or row height. Inserting an empty row or column Select the column or row where you want to insert the new data.
Page 201: Copying Rows Or Columns
If you are deleting more than one row or column, drag to select the additional items. Press Delete Backspace The selected rows or columns are deleted. Note: If other cells contain formulas that refer to the deleted row or column, those cells show an error. Relative references to cells whose positions have changed because of a deletion adjust accordingly.
Page 202: Moving A Column
If you are copying more than one row or column, drag to select the additional items. – or – Hold down Shift, items. Press to copy the selected items. Ctrl C The selected rows or columns are copied to the Clipboard. Move to any cell in the row or column where you want to place the copied items.
Page 203: Sorting Data
Note: Relative references to any cell whose position is affected by the move adjust accordingly. Sorting data You can sort a selected area of the spreadsheet in ascending or descending order. You select which column in the selected area will be used as the key for the sort.
Page 204: Sorting A Rectangular Region
Select Descending select Sorting a rectangular region Select the region of cells. On the menu, select Actions as the sort method for this example, and then to display the Sort dialog box. Sort Using Lists & Spreadsheet...
Page 205: Sorting Entire Columns
Select column as the column on which the sort will be based for this example. You can select from columns within the selected region only. Select Descending select Sorting entire columns Select the range of columns to sort. Using Lists & Spreadsheet as the sort method for this example, and then...
Page 206: Generating Columns Of Data
On the menu, select Actions Select column as the column on which the sort will be based for this example. Select Descending select Generating columns of data You can create a column of values based on another column. You can also create a column based on any of several types of sequential data.
Page 207: Creating Column Values Based On Another Column
À À Column formulas based on other columns Á Column formula that generates a sequence Notes • If you generate data in a column that already contains one or more cell values, Lists & Spreadsheet asks for confirmation before replacing the existing values.
Page 208: Generating A List Of Random Numbers
Generating a list of random numbers Select the header of the column in which you want to generate the list of random numbers. Type = followed by the expression for generating the random numbers. You can use the catalog to insert an expression instead of typing characters.
Page 209 Type a maximum value for the sequence, if you want to specify a maximum. Type a maximum number of values to be generated, if you want to specify a maximum. Select Lists & Spreadsheet shows the formula in the header cell and fills the column with the results.
Page 210: Creating And Sharing Spreadsheet Data As Lists
Note: Avoid defining variables that use the same names as those used for statistical analysis. In some cases, an error condition could occur. Variable names used for statistical analysis are listed in the TI-Nspire Reference Guide, under the Method 1 Click the name cell (the white cell at the top) of the column that you want to share.
Page 211 Type a name for the shared list. for example, type Press Enter Method 2 Click the header cell (the second cell from the top) of the column that you want to share. Click on the toolbar, and click An expression is inserted into the formula cell with var as a placeholder for the list name.
Page 212 Add the formula at the end of the expression. For example, width:=E[]*3 Press Enter The column is now available as a list variable to other TI-Nspire™ applications. Notes: • If a variable with the name you specified already exists in the current problem, Lists &...
Page 213: Linking To An Existing List Variable
Calculator, or any instance of Lists & Spreadsheet. After you link a column to a list, Lists & Spreadsheet automatically shows any changes that you make to the list with other TI-Nspire™ CAS applications. Click the header cell (the second cell from the top) of the column that you want to link to the variable.
Page 214: Graphing Spreadsheet Data
Right-click the cell to display the context menu. Select Delete Cell Note: If you press Delete instead of deleting the list element, the element is assigned a value of 0 (zero). The remaining list elements do not shift. Graphing spreadsheet data You can easily create a dot plot of the data in one column or a scatterplot of two adjacent columns by using the Quick Graph feature.
Page 215 On the menu, select Data A Data & Statistics work space is added to the page and shows the plotted data. The leftmost of the two lists is plotted on the x axis, and the other list is plotted on the y axis. (Optional) Use the Data &...
Page 216: Capturing Data From Graphs & Geometry
Capturing data from Graphs & Geometry You can use Lists & Spreadsheet to capture information about objects from Graphs & Geometry. For example, you might want to track changes in the area of a triangle as you change the length of a side. You can select manual or automatic capture: •...
Page 217 Replace the letters “var” with the name of the variable to capture from Graphs & Geometry. For example, type The header cell now contains an expression similar to =capture(area,0) Note: The argument “ trigger each capture manually. Press Enter Using Graphs & Geometry, change the object whose attribute (area in this example) you are capturing.
Page 218: Capturing Data Automatically
Capturing data automatically Select any cell in the column in which you want to capture the values. Note: Captured values will replace values in the column. On the menu, select Data Data Capture A capture expression is inserted into the header cell with var as a placeholder for the name of the variable you are capturing.
Page 219: Creating Function Tables
Note: The argument “ captures to be triggered by the variable change. Press Enter When you are ready to begin capturing the values of objpathX,begin moving the object or start the animation that affects it in Graphs & Geometry. Each captured value is added to the end of the list in Lists & Spreadsheet as a list element.
Page 220: Showing And Hiding Function Tables
Showing and Hiding function tables Anytime Lists & Spreadsheet is the active application, you can alternate between the standard Lists & Spreadsheet view and the function table view. Press to toggle the view. Ctrl T Á À Lists & Spreadsheet view À...
Page 221: Generating A Function Table
Function table view Generating a function table Make sure you have defined at least one function in Graphs & Geometry, Calculator, or Data & Statistics. Refer to Using Graphs & Geometry for more information. In Lists & Spreadsheet, press view.
Page 222: Adding A Function Table From Graphs & Geometry
Adding a function table from Graphs & Geometry Adding a function table from Graphs & Geometry automatically creates an instance of Lists & Spreadsheet if none already exists on the current page. It also shows the function table view and automatically generates a table for the active Graphs &...
Page 223: Editing A Function
Scrolling upward from 0 displays negative values of the independent variable. Editing a function Besides using the other applications, such as Calculator and Graphs & Geometry, you can edit a function definition in the function table. Changes that you make are reflected in the other applications automatically.
Page 224: Deleting A Column In The Function Table
Type a value or click the independent or dependent variable boxes to change a setting. If you select instead of manually when you select a cell. Auto populates the table starting at table start and displays and independent and dependent value for each step.
Page 225 Draw check box in the z Test wizard. Using Lists & Spreadsheet...
Page 226: Statistical Calculations
Statistical calculations Performing a statistical calculation Suppose you want to fit a y=mx+b linear regression model to the following two lists: Select the header/formula cell (second cell from the top) in column Using Lists & Spreadsheet...
Page 227 On the Statistics Regression (mx+b) A wizard opens, giving you a labeled box to type each argument. Because you selected a cell in advance, the column for already filled in. Press to move to the select a named list. Type to specify the values in column B as If you want to store the regression equation in a specified variable, press...
Page 228: Supported Statistical Calculations
Supported Statistical Calculations The Stat Calculations menu lets you select from the calculations described below. For a complete description of inputs and outputs, refer to the TI-Nspire Reference Guide details for the function name that is in parentheses. One-Variable Statistics (OneVar) The One-Variable Statistics calculation analyzes data with one measured variable.
Page 229 population standard deviation, s • • sample size, n • X-min • first quartile, Q • median • third quartile, Q • X-max • sum of squared deviations, SSx = freqlist Each element in corresponding data point in integers > 0. Two-Variable Statistics (TwoVar) The Two-Variable Statistics calculation analyzes paired data.
Page 230 freqlist Each element in List1,List2 Linear Regression (mx+b) (LinRegMx) Linear Regression (mx+b) using a least-squares fit. It displays values for Linear Regression (a+bx) (LinRegBx) Linear Regression (a+bx) using a least-squares fit. It displays values for Median-Median Line Regression (MedMed) Median-Median Line the data using the median-median line (resistant line) technique, calculating the summary points x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, and y3.
Page 231 Exponential Regression (ExpReg) Exponential Regression using a least-squares fit and transformed values x and ln(y). It displays values for , and Logarithmic Regression (LogReg) Logarithmic Regression data using a least-squares fit and transformed values ln(x) and y. It displays values for Sinusoidal Regression (SinReg) Sinusoidal Regression the data using an iterative least-squares fit.
Page 232: Distributions
Distributions Using Lists & Spreadsheet...
Page 233: Calculating Distributions
Calculating distributions Suppose you want to fit the Normal Pdf distribution model to the following two lists: Select the header/formula cell (second cell from the top) in column On the Statistics menu, select Distributions, and select Normal Pdf to choose the Distribution model. Using Lists &...
Page 234 A wizard opens, giving you a labeled box to type each argument. You can type values, or select them from the drop down selection list. Press as necessary to complete each argument. Click the Draw check box, to see the distribution plotted in Data & Statistics.
Page 235: Supported Distribution Functions
The following distributions are available from the Lists & Spreadsheets application. For complete information regarding these functions, refer to the TI-Nspire Reference Guide details for the function name that is in parentheses. Normal Pdf (normPdf)
Page 236 – x μ – – ------------------ - f x ( ) -------------- e 2σ 2πσ This distribution is used to determine the probability of the occurrence of a certain value in a normal distribution. The draw option is available when Normal PDF is invoked from a formula cell. When you access distributions from the formula cell, you must select a valid list from the pull-down to avoid unexpected results.
Page 237 t Cdf (tCdf()) computes the t-distribution probability between t Cdf upperbound for the specified This distribution is useful in determining the probability of the occurrence of a value within an interval defined by the lower and upper bound for a normally distributed population when the population standard deviation is not known.
Page 238 Γ n --------------------------------- - n f x ( ) Γ n/2 )Γ d/2 where = numerator degrees of freedom = denominator degrees of freedom This distribution is useful in determining the probability that two samples have the same variance. Ü Ü...
Page 239 This distribution is useful in determining the probability of a success on one trial before all trials are completed. For example, if heads is a successful coin toss and you plan to toss the coin 10 times, this distribution would predict the chance of obtaining heads at least once in the 10 tosses.
Page 240 geometcdf (geomCdf()) computes a cumulative probability at , the number of the geometcdf ( trial on which the first success occurs, for the discrete geometric 1 must be distribution with the specified probability of success . 0 true. can be a real number or a list of real numbers. This distribution is useful in determining the probability associated with the first success occurring during trials 1 through n.
Page 241: Confidence Intervals
Supported Confidence Intervals The following confidence intervals are available from the Lists & Spreadsheets application. For complete information regarding these functions, refer to the TI-Nspire Reference Guide details for the function name that is in parentheses. z Interval (zInterval) (one-sample...
Page 242 This test is useful in examining whether the confidence interval associated with a confidence level contains the value assumed in the hypothesis. Like the z Interval, this test helps you determine how far from a population mean a sample mean can get before indicating a significant deviation when the population mean is unknown.
Page 243 2-Prop z Interval (zInterval_2Prop) (two-proportion 2-Prop z Interval confidence interval for the difference between the proportion of successes in two populations (p successes in each sample ( sample ( ). The computed confidence interval depends on the user-specified confidence level. This test is useful in determining if two rates of success differ because of something other than sampling error and standard deviation.
Page 244: Stat Tests
Stat tests Supported Statistical tests The following hypothesis tests are available from the Lists & Spreadsheets application. For complete information regarding these functions, refer to the TI-Nspire Reference Guide details for the function name that is in parentheses. Z-test (zTest) (one-sample...
Page 245 This test is useful in determining if the difference between a sample mean and a population mean is statistically significant when you know the true deviation for a population. t-test (tTest) (one-sample test) performs a hypothesis test for a single unknown t-Test population mean, m, when the population standard deviation, s, is unknown.
Page 246 1-PropZTest (zTest_1Prop) (one-proportion 1-PropZTest proportion of successes (prop). It takes as input the count of successes in the sample and the count of observations in the sample tests the null hypothesis H below. • : propƒp prop: • : prop<p prop:<p0 : prop>p •...
Page 247 Û 2-Samp Test Ü (two-sample Ü-test) computes an Ü-test to compare two 2-Samp Test normal population standard deviations (s means and standard deviations are all unknown. uses the ratio of sample variances Sx1 against one of the alternatives below. ƒ s ƒs •...
Page 248 Multiple Reg Tests (MultRegTest) Multiple linear regression t test computes a linear regression on the given data, and provides the F test statistic for linearity. Refer to the TI-Nspire Reference Guide for information about MultRegTests. ANOVA (one-way ANalysis Of VAriance) computes a one-way analysis of ANOVA variance for comparing the means of two to 20 populations.
Page 249 The two-way ANOVA analysis of variance examines the effects of two independent variables and helps to determine if these interact with respect to the dependent variable. (In other words, if the two independent variables do interact, their combined effect can be greater than or less than the impact of either independent variable additively.) This test is useful in evaluating differences similar to the ANOVA analysis but with the addition of another potential influence.
Page 250: Statistics Input Descriptions
Pooled Specifies whether variances are to be pooled for 2-SampTTest TI-Nspire not to pool the variances. TI-Nspire to pool the variances. The expected sample proportion for Must be a real number, such that 0 < . Default=1. All elements...
Page 251: Exchanging Data With Other Computer Software
Exchanging data with other computer software You can copy table data to and from software outside the TI-Nspire™ applications, such as TI DataEditor (in the TI Connect™ software) and Microsoft® Excel® spreadsheet software.
Page 252: Example - Copying Data From Ti Dataeditor
Example - copying data from TI DataEditor Open the TI Connect™ software. Display the TI DataEditor. If necessary, open the file containing the number, list, or matrix that you want to copy. Drag to select the values that you want to copy. To copy an entire list, click the top cell in the list.
Page 253: Example - Copying Cells From An Excel® Spreadsheet
If you have copied a range of cells, they will be pasted so that the upper-left corner of the range is positioned at the selected cell. Any data in those cells will be overwritten. Click Edit > Paste Example - copying cells from an Excel® spreadsheet You can copy as many as 26 columns and 2500 rows from an Excel spreadsheet.
Page 254 Drag to select the values that you want to copy. To copy an entire column, click the column identifier at the top of the column. Note: If you select non-contiguous columns in Excel, they will be pasted as contiguous columns in Lists & Spreadsheet. Click Edit >...
Page 255 If you have copied a range of cells, they will be pasted so that the upper-left corner of the range is positioned at the selected cell. Any data in those cells in will be overwritten. Click Edit > Paste Using Lists & Spreadsheet...
Page 256 Using Lists & Spreadsheet...
Page 257: Using Data & Statistics
Using Data & Statistics The Data & Statistics application provides tools to: • visualize sets of data in different types of plots. • directly manipulate data sets to explore and visualize data relationships. Data changes in one application are dynamically applied to all linked applications.
Page 258: The Tool Menu
The Tool menu The Data & Statistics tool menu provides tools to graph and explore data, modify data representations by using different plots, as well as perform and plot statistical analyses. The following tables describe what each tool does in the Data & Statistics work area.
Page 259 Tool name X-Y Line Plot Plot Properties Menu Tools Tool name Connect Data Points Histogram Properties Count Percent Density Bins Extend Box Plot Whiskers/ Show Box Plot Outliers Add X Variable Remove X Variable Add Y Variable Using Data & Statistics Tool function Displays data as an x-y line plot.
Page 260 Tool name Remove Y Variable Actions Tool menu Tool name Select all Points Add Movable Line Remove Selected Lock Intercept at Zero/Unlock Movable Line Intercept Regression Show/Hide Linear (mx+b) Show/Hide Linear (a+bx) Show/Hide Median- Median Show/Hide Quadratic Tool function Toggles the display of the variable assigned to the vertical axis without changing the horizontal axis.
Page 261 Tool name Show/Hide Cubic Show/Hide Quartic Show/Hide Power Show/Hide Exponential Calculates and displays the Exponential Show/Hide Logarithmic Calculates and displays the Logarithmic Show/Hide Sinusoidal Show/Hide Logistic (d=0) Show/Hide Logistic (dƒ0) Show/Hide Residual Squares Plot Value Plot Function Shade Under Function Start Over Using Data &...
Page 262 Window/Zoom Menu Tools Tool name Window Settings Zoom - Data Zoom In Zoom Out Tool function Displays a Window Settings dialog that enables you to enter values that define the work area window. Values you can set include the x-min, x-max, y-min, and y-max values for the axes.
Page 263: Getting Started With Data & Statistics
The Data & Statistics application is designed as a place to explore and visualize data and graph inferential statistics. It is, therefore, best used in conjunction with a numerical application like Calculator or Lists & Spreadsheet. Creating plots from spreadsheet data The Quick Graph feature of Lists and Spreadsheet is the easiest way to plot data using the columns in a spreadsheet.
Page 264 From the Lists & Spreadsheet Data menu , select the Quick Graph tool. The data plot displays in the Data & Statistics work area. The example below illustrates the plot of two columns of data, which display as a scatter plot. The leftmost column of data in the spreadsheet becomes the horizontal axis values, and that column name becomes the horizontal axis label.
Page 265 – If there are less than four work areas on the page, TI-Nspire adds a new work area with Data & Statistics active on it. –...
Page 266: Creating A Split Page With Data & Statistics And Lists & Spreadsheet
Plotting the contents of linked variables You can also plot data quickly by using the contents of variables. Data is linked and shared between Data & Statistics and all other TI-Nspire applications within the same problem. When data sets are named, the set is stored as a variable.
Page 267 Insert a new page, and create a split page layout with Lists & Spreadsheets and Data & Statistics. On the Data & Statistics work area, click select the name of the data set you want to plot on the horizontal axis.
Page 268 To create a scatter plot, hover in the middle of the vertical axis until a + appears. Click the label area of the vertical axis and select a second data set name. Using Data & Statistics...
Page 269: Plot Types
The contents of the columns height and weight are plotted as a scatter plot. Plot types Plots let you visualize your data set in a variety of ways. Visualizing the data points allows you to observe the shape and spread of the data, and can help you determine the best method of statistically evaluating data.
Page 270: Creating A Dot Plot
Creating a dot plot Create and name a list of data in a column in Lists & Spreadsheet or Calculator. To create a dot plot, do one of the following: • Select the column of data in Lists & Spreadsheet by clicking the grey area next to the column name.
Page 271: Box Plots
Box plots The default boxplot created by the Boxplot Tool boxplot. It plots one-variable data. "Whiskers" extend from each end of the box, either 1.5 times the interquartile range or to the end of the data, whichever comes first. Points that are 1.5 * Interquartile Range beyond the quartiles are plotted individually beyond the whisker.
Page 272 The modified box plot displays. Initial boxplot display- Modified Boxplot Click on a box or whisker to display the points that make up that portion of the plot and display the range of the data in that portion of the plot. Using Data &...
Page 273: To Change The Boxplot From Modified To Standard
Creating a standard boxplot You create a standard boxplot by modifying the whiskers of the default (modified) boxplot. In a standard boxplot, the whiskers are plotted using the minimum and maximum points in the data set. No attempt is made to identify outliers.
Page 274 The whiskers extend to the min and max of the data. Using Data & Statistics...
Page 275: Showing Box Plot Outliers
Showing Box Plot Outliers Select Show Box Plot Outliers from the Plot Properties tool menu stop whiskers at 1.5 * Interquartile Range and show outliers as individual dots. You can also right-click and select Show BoxPlot Outliers from the context menu. Points beyond 1.5 * Interquartile Range display in the work area.
Page 276: Histograms
Note: If there are no points outside of 1.5 * Interquartile Range, there may appear to be no change in the whisker display. Histograms A histogram plots one-variable data. Histograms depict the distribution of data. The number of bins displayed depends upon the number of data points and the distribution of these points.
Page 277: Adjusting The Bins Interactively
Initial histogram display Click on any bin to select it or display its information. Adjusting the bins interactively Click the right side of the bin. The cursor changes to Using Data & Statistics ô...
Page 278: Adjusting Bins Numerically
Drag the bin to the desired location and release it. Adjusting bins numerically From the Plot Properties menu ( Select Bin Settings. The Histogram Properties dialog displays. Type values to set width and alignment of the bins that represent histogram data: •...
Page 279 Bin alignment increased (right aligned on tic mark) For example, when a histogram with a bin width of 1 is centered over the tic marks on the axis with the default alignment of 57.5, changing the alignment to 58 right aligns all bins on the axis scale. All bins are shifted right by .5;...
Page 280 • Percent - displays data in the histogram by each group’s percent value of the whole data set. • Density - displays data based upon the density of each value within the data set. Using Data & Statistics...
Page 281: To Change The Scale
• Bin Settings- displays a dialog box that lets you set the width and alignment for bins by typing numeric values. Setting the bin width and alignment requires consideration of both the number of bins and the number of data points included in the range represented by a bin.
Page 282 From the Actions tool menu box opens in the work area. Type the value you want to plot, and press Enter. In this example, the value is v1:= mean(cost). The line is drawn at that value, perpendicular to the axis. Click on the line to display the value.
Page 283: Removing A Plotted Value
Creating a normal probability plot Select the data you want to use for a normal probability plot. Use a named list from Lists & Spreadsheets or Calculator. Plot the data in one of the following ways: •...
Page 284: From The Lists & Spreadsheet Work Area
From the Lists & Spreadsheet work area: Select two columns of data listed in Lists & Spreadsheet by clicking letter above the column. Select Quick Graph tool from the Data tool menu to automatically graph the selected data. Note: If you choose not to use the Quick Graph tool, you can select Scatter Plot from the Plot Type menu The data graphs on the Data &...
Page 285 Click on any point to display its value. Using Data & Statistics...
Page 286: X-Y Line Plots
X-Y line plots An X-Y line plot is a scatter plot in which the data points are plotted and connected in order of appearance in the two data sets. Like scatter plots, these plots depict the relationship between two sets of data. By convention, the left-most column of data is represented on the horizontal axis.
Page 287: Exploring Data
Click the name of the list that you want to plot in addition to data previously plotted on the y-axis. After you select a second variable for plotting, a legend displays at the top of the work area. The legend shows each shape used to distinguish between the different variables used in a multiple plot.
Page 288: Moving Points Or Bins Of Data
• showing residual squares Moving points or bins of data Click on and hold the desired point or bin. The cursor changes to Drag the point or bar to the new location and release it. ÷ Using Data & Statistics...
Page 289 If you are working with data from Lists & Spreadsheet, the data that corresponds to the original point or bar automatically updates in the original column(s) in Lists & Spreadsheet as you move the point. Using Data & Statistics...
Page 290: Selecting Multiple Points
You can also move points or bins by changing the numbers in Lists & Spreadsheet or Calculator. Data will update in all of the representations. Selecting multiple points Position the cursor over each point you want to select. The cursor ø...
Page 291 Once you have selected the desired points, click one of the points. The cursor changes to work area. Using Data & Statistics ÷ , and you can move the points around in the...
Page 292: Selecting A Range Of Points
Selecting a range of points Select a range of points by clicking and dragging the box to contain the points you want to select. Using Data & Statistics...
Page 293 When you release the mouse button, the points are selected. Once you have selected the desired points, click one of the points. The cursor changes to work area. Using Data & Statistics ÷ , and you can move the points around in the...
Page 294: Changing Plot Type
Note: When a list is defined in Lists & Spreadsheet as a formula, the movement of points is restricted to only points that satisfy that formula. Changing plot type You can change the plot type, to view different representations of data. Display the Plot Types menu data representation changes to the new plot format.
Page 295: Rescaling A Graph
Rescaling a graph You can change the scale of the axes in a few ways. Translation A translation slides a set of axes a fixed distance in a given direction. The original axes have the same shape and size. ö Position the cursor over a tic mark or label.
Page 296 ù Click to grab. The cursor changes to . Drag the cursor to the desired position and release. Using Data & Statistics...
Page 297 Dilation Dilation retains the shape of the axes, but enlarges or reduces the size. Position the cursor over a tic mark or label near the ends of the axis. The cursor changes to horizontal axis. Click to grab. The cursor changes to desired position and release.
Page 298: Adding A Movable Line
Adding a movable line You can add a movable line to a plot. This line can be moved and rotated on the plot area. The label of the line updates to reflect its position and the model. Select Add movable line from the Actions menu Using Data &...
Page 299: Rotating A Movable Line
Rotating a movable line Click and grab on either end of the line. The cursor changes to Drag to rotate and change the slope of the line. Using Data & Statistics é...
Page 300 Changing the intercept Click in the middle of the line. The cursor changes to Drag to change the intercept. ö Using Data & Statistics...
Page 301: Showing Regression Lines
Locking intercept at zero You can lock the intercept of the movable line at zero. Select Lock intercept at zero This tool is only available when a regression or movable line is Note: present in the work area. To unlock the intercept: Select Unlock Movable Line Intercept menu Showing regression lines...
Page 302 The corresponding regression line for your data displays in the work area. Using Data & Statistics...
Page 303: Showing Residual Squares
Showing residual squares You can display residual squares on a plot. Residual squares can help you assess the appropriateness of the model for your data. Select Show Residual Squares from the Actions menu This tool is only available when a regression or movable line is Note: present in the work area.
Page 304: Using Window/Zoom Tools
Using Window/Zoom tools Use the Window/Zoom tools points of interest. The Window/Zoom tools include: • Window Settings: displays a Window Settings dialog that lets you enter the x-min, x-max, y-min, and y-max values for the axes. • Zoom - Data •...
Page 305 Select OK to apply the changes and redraw the plot. Using Zoom Data Click the Window/Zoom tool IThe work area rescales to display all plotted data. Using Zoom In Click the Window/Zoom tool In the work area, click the center point of the area of interest. This will be the center of the zoom in action.
Page 306: Graphing Functions
In the work area, click the center point of the area of interest. This will be the center of the zoom out action. The plot redraws to display a larger portion of the plot, centered about the point you selected in the previous step. Graphing Functions You can graph functions with Data &...
Page 307: Entering Functions From Other Applications
Entering functions from other applications You can enter a function that has been defined as a variable in another application, such as Lists & Spreadsheet, Graphs & Geometry or Calculator. Using Data & Statistics Plot Function...
Page 308 Ensure that your work area contains both a horizontal axis and a vertical axis scale. From the Actions menu A function entry field displays in the work area. Click on the tool bar to open the Variables menu. A list of variables contained in the problem displays. Click to select the variable containing the function you want to plot.
Page 309 In the example below, the variable a contains the function Press Enter. The function plots in the work area. Using Data & Statistics f(x)=x2...
Page 310: Editing A Functions
Editing a functions You can edit a function and update it on the work area. You can edit a function in either of the following ways: • Click on the curve to select it and drag to adjust the plotted data.
Page 311: Using Show Normal Pdf
• Linear function; f(x)=ax+b • Quadratic function; f(x)=a(x-b) • Exponential function; f(x)=exp(ax+b)+c • Exponential function; f(x)=b†exp(ax)+c • Exponential function; f(x)=d†exp(ax+b)+c • Logarithmic function; f(x)=a†ln(cx+b)+d • Sinusoidal function; f(x)=a†sin(cx+b)+d • Cosinusoidal function; f(x)=a†cos(cx+b)+d Using Show Normal PDF You can approximate data plotted in the Data & Statistics work area against the normal probability density function.
Page 312: Using Shade Under Function
Using Shade Under Function Use Shade Under Function to find the area of a selected region under a function graphed in the work area. Select any function graphed in the Data & Statistics work area. For example, select a previously graphed normal PDF. Select Shade Under Function ( The cursor becomes a dotted vertical line and the boundary +/- ˆ...
Page 313 Select a point on the curve and click to indicate where to start shading under the function. The direction in which you move next determines whether the region shaded is on the left, right, or center of the curve. Select a point on the curve and click to indicate the end boundary of the shaded area.
Page 314: Using Statistical Tools
Using Statistical Tools Once you have plotted one or more data sets in Data & Statistics, you can manipulate and explore the data using calculations, data fitting techniques, hypothesis testing tools, and distributions. These functions are available in the Lists & Spreadsheet application. Refer to that chapter for further information.
Page 315: Using Notes
Getting started with the Notes application The Notes application provides text editing functions that allow you to create and share documents with others using the TI-Nspire™ handheld and computer software. You can use the Notes application as a tool to create study notes to reinforce your understanding of classroom concepts and to review for exams.
Page 316: The Notes Tool Menu
The Notes tool menu The Notes tool menu lets you select a Notes template, format text, and evaluate expressions. The table below describes the menu items and their functions. Menu Menu Option Name Templates Q&A Proof Default Insert Expression Box Shape Comment Format...
Page 317: Before You Begin
Subscript Superscript Actions Evaluate selection Show or Hide Answer Before you begin Open the computer software, and add the Notes application to a document. The Notes work area The Notes work area is where you enter and format text. Notes templates The Notes application provides templates for creating three types of notes: Using Notes...
Page 318: Applying A Notes Template
• for questions and answers, with the answer shown or hidden Q&A • for an outline structure containing statements and reasons Proof • for open-formatted text entry Default Applying a Notes template On the Templates Using the Q&A Template Use the Q&A template to create questions and answers. You have the option to show or hide the answer, so you can create questions for review and hide the answers.
Page 319: Inserting Comments
Inserting comments You can insert Teacher or Reviewer comments into a Notes application. Comments are easily identifiable and easy to distinguish from the original text. On the menu, select Insert Reviewer Enter your text. Text that you enter appears in italics. Using Notes , and then select Comment...
Page 320: Formatting Notes Text
Formatting Notes text Notes allows you to format text to add context to your documents. Use the tools on the Text options menu to specify text as a keyword, title or subheading, or to format text as subscript or superscript. Selecting text Drag from the starting point to the ending point to select the text.
Page 321: Entering And Evaluating Expressions
Entering and evaluating expressions You can include math expressions in Notes text, using the same tools as in other TI-Nspire™ applications. You can also evaluate an expression and display the result. Entering an expression In the Notes work area, place the cursor where you want the expression.
Page 322 Using Notes...
Page 323: Working With Ti-Nspire™ Libraries
Working with TI-Nspire™ libraries What is a library? A library is a TI-Nspire™ document that contains a collection of variables, functions, and/or programs that have been defined as library objects. Unlike ordinary variables, functions, and programs, which can be used only within a single problem (the problem in which they are defined), library objects are accessible from any document.
Page 324: Creating Libraries And Library Objects
“Programming” section of the documentation. Naming restrictions apply to library documents and library objects. • A library document name must be a valid TI-Nspire™ variable name between 1 and 16 characters long, and it must not contain a period or begin with an underscore.
Page 325: Using Short And Long Names
Documents\TI-Nspire\MyLib requirements. • If you defined the object using the Program Editor, it has been stored using Check Syntax & Store Working with TI-Nspire™ libraries Prgm lib1\func1 Define ) and must meet the naming from the Program Editor menu. line is automatically...
Page 326: Using A Public Library Object
Using a public library object Click on the main toolbar to refresh all libraries. Open the TI-Nspire™ application in which you want to use the variable, function or program. Note: All TI-Nspire™ applications can evaluate functions, but only the Calculator application can run programs.
Page 327: Programming
For information on defining programs and functions in Calculator, see the “Calculator” chapter. Overview of the Program Editor The TI-Nspire™ Program Editor helps you define, edit, and manage user- defined functions and programs. • The editor has programming templates and dialog boxes to help you define functions and programs using correct syntax.
Page 328: The Program Editor Menu
À Program Editor menu – This menu is available anytime you are in the Program Editor work area. Á Program Editor work area Â Status line shows line number information and the name of the function or program being edited. An asterisk (*) indicates that this function is “dirty,”...
Page 329 Function Lets you easily return from the Program Editor to the Calculator. Useful if you invoked the Program Editor from Calculator or from a runtime error that occurred in the Calculator. Closes the current function or program. Finds syntax errors and tries to put the cursor near the first error.
Page 330 Menu Menu Option Name ElseIf...Then For...EndFor While...EndWhile Loop...EndLoop Try...Else...EndTry ClrErr PassErr Transfer Return Cycle Exit Go to Lbl Stop Input/Output Disp Mode Display Digits Angle Exponential Format Function Inserts template. ElseIf...Then Inserts template. For...EndFor Inserts While...EndWhile template. Inserts Loop...EndLoop template. Inserts Try...Else...EndTry template.
Page 331: Defining A Program Or Function
Base Unit System GetMode Defining a program or function Starting a new Program Editor If you are not on a Calculator page, click the click Program Editor > New - or - If you are on a Calculator page, click and then click Program Editor >...
Page 332: Entering Lines Into A Function Or Program
Set the Library Access – If you want to use the function or program only from the current document and problem, select – If you want the function or program to be accessible from any document but not visible in the Catalog, select –...
Page 333: Inserting Comments
– You can either type the names of functions and commands or insert them from the Catalog. – A line can be longer than the width of the screen; if so, you might have to scroll to view the entire statement. –...
Page 334: Checking Syntax
Checking syntax The Program Editor lets you check the function or program for correct syntax. On the Program Editor’s select Check Syntax If the syntax checker finds any syntax errors, it displays an error message and tries to position the cursor near the first error so you can correct it.
Page 335: Opening An Existing Function Or Program
If the function or program is a library object, select its library from list. Location Select the function or program name from the The function or program displays in a viewer. Use the arrow keys to view the function or program . When finished viewing, click the Program Editor, or press Note: The...
Page 336: Importing A Program From A Library
Select the item to open. Importing a program from a library You can import a function or program defined as a library object into a Program Editor within the current problem. On the Program Editor’s The Import dialog box displays. Select the Library Name Select the...
Page 337: Renaming A Program Or Function
Library Access – If you want to use the function or program only from the current Calculator problem, select – If you want the function or program to be accessible from any document but not visible in the Catalog, select –...
Page 338: Finding Text
Running programs and evaluating functions After defining and storing a function or program, you can use it from an application. All TI-Nspire™ applications can evaluate functions, but only the Calculator application can run programs. The program statements are executed in sequential order (although some commands alter the program flow).
Page 339: Using A Public Library Function Or Program
Make sure you have defined the object in the document’s first problem, stored the object, saved the library document in the MyLib folder, and refreshed the libraries. Open the TI-Nspire™ application in which you want to use the function or program. Note: All TI-Nspire™ applications can evaluate functions, but only the Calculator application can run programs.
Page 340: Running A Non-Library Program Or Function
Open the TI-Nspire™ application in which you want to use the function or program. Note: All TI-Nspire™ applications can evaluate functions, but only the Calculator application can run programs. Type the name of the object. In the case of a function or program, always follow the name with parentheses.
Page 341: Example Of Passing Values To A Program
Define calculatearea()= Prgm area:=wt*ht EndPrgm • Embed the values directly in the object itself. Define calculatearea()= Prgm wt:=3 ht:=23 area:=wt*ht EndPrgm • Use parameters in the definition. This lets users pass one or more values as arguments to the object when they use it. Define calculatearea(wt,ht)= Prgm area:=wt*ht...
Page 342: Displaying Information
Run the program to display the volume of a cylinder with a height of 34 mm and a radius of 5 mm. volcyl(34,5) Note: You do not have to use the parameter names when you run the program, but you must supply two arguments (as values, variables, volcyl or expressions).
Page 343: What Causes An Undefined Variable Error Message
À Local i For i,0,5,1 Disp i EndFor À Declares variable Note: When possible, declare as local any variable that is used only within the program and does not need to be available after the program stops. What causes an undefined variable error message? variable error message displays when you evaluate a user- Undefined defined function or run a user-defined program that references a local...
Page 344: Performing Symbolic Calculations
Differences between functions and programs A function defined in the Program Editor is very similar to the functions built into the TI-Nspire™ CAS software. • Functions must return a result, which can be graphed or entered in a table. Programs cannot return a result.
Page 345: Calling A Separate Program
Calling a separate program To call a separate program, use the same syntax that you use to run the program from the entry line. Define subtest1()= Prgm For i,1,4,1 subtest2(i,i EndFor Defining and calling an internal subroutine To define an internal subroutine, use the .
Page 346: Notes About Using Subroutines
Notes about using subroutines At the end of a subroutine, execution returns to the calling program. To exit a subroutine at any other time, use A subroutine cannot access local variables declared in the calling program. Likewise, the calling program cannot access local variables declared in a subroutine.
Page 347: Using If, Lbl, And Goto To Control Program Flow
Using If, Lbl, and Goto to control program flow command and several statement or block of statements conditionally, that is, based on the result of a test (such as x>5). branch, or jump, from one place to another in a function or program. command and several Editor’s menu.
Page 348: If...then...else... Endif Structures
Note: marks the end of the EndIf condition is true. If...Then...Else... EndIf structures To execute one group of commands if a conditional test is true and a different group if the condition is false, use this structure: If x>5 Then Disp "x is greater than 5"...
Page 349: Using Loops To Repeat A Group Of Commands
You can then use the program to branch to the location that corresponds to the specified label. labelName Goto specifies which Because a command is unconditional (it always branches to the Goto specified label), it is often used with an specify a conditional test.
Page 350: While
variable , begin , end [, increment ] À Á Â À Variable used as a counter Á Counter value used the first time Â Exits the loop when variable exceeds this value Ã Added to the counter each subsequent time optional value is omitted, the increment is 1.) is executed, the variable value is compared to the end value.
Page 351 condition While is executed, the condition is evaluated. If condition is true, the When While loop is executed; otherwise, control jumps to the command following EndWhile x < 5 Note: The command does not automatically change the condition. While You must include commands that allow the function or program to exit the loop.
Page 352: Loop
Loop...EndLoop loops creates an infinite loop, which is repeated endlessly. Loop...EndLoop command does not have any arguments. Loop Typically, you insert commands in the loop that let the program exit from the loop. Commonly used commands are: For example: & Loop Disp x &...
Page 353: Repeating A Loop Immediately
Repeating a loop immediately command immediately transfers program control to the next Cycle iteration of a loop (before the current iteration is complete). This command works with Loop...EndLoop Lbl and Goto loops Although the (label) and commands, they can be used to create an infinite loop. For example: As with Loop...EndLoop function or program exit from the loop.
Page 354: Techniques For Debugging
If your function or program allows the user to select from several options, be sure to run it and test each option. Techniques for debugging Run-time error messages can locate syntax errors but not errors in program logic. The following techniques may be useful. •...
Page 355: Data Collection
Data Collection The Data Collection tool enables you to collect experimental information from a sensor and automatically display it in a table and/or graph for analysis. It works with both the Lists & Spreadsheet and Graphs & Geometry applications. Refer to these application chapters to learn more about using both Graphs &...
Page 356: Starting The Data Collection Tool
Automatic start mode An automatic start occurs when a sensor is connected to either a TI-Nspireé handheld or a computer running TI-Nspireé computer software. The connected sensor is configured to work with the Data Collection tool in an open Graphs & Geometry page, or if there is no available Graphs &...
Page 357: Manually Starting The Data Collection Tool
Manually starting the Data Collection tool When you choose to add the Data Collection tool to a Graphs & Geometry application page, it is strongly recommended that you also add Lists & Spreadsheet to the page as well. This is not required, but if you want to store data from multiple experiments, you will need the Lists &...
Page 358: Data Collection Controls
Data Collection scans for an attached sensor. When one is found, Data Collection determines the appropriate labels for Graphs & Geometry axes and adds them to the graph. Graphs & Geometry labels include the numeric ranges on the axes as well as the text labels.
Page 359: Running An Experiment And Collecting Data
Running an experiment and collecting data When the desired sensor is connected and the Data Collection page is set up as desired, press the Start icon ( If Lists & Spreadsheet is on your page, you see each sample collected populate the rows in the table.
Page 360 The data from this experiment is shown on the Graphs & Geometry plot. Data Collection...
Page 361: Data Collection Names
The naming system for Data Collection data includes a group designator and a member designator (group.member). For example, in a temperature versus time experiment, the data is named run0.temp_C and run0.time_s. Remember that TI-Nspireé computer software is case insensitive: RUN0.TEMP_C and run0.temp_c reference the same set of data.
Page 362 To save velocity data, select a third column. Highlight the column, and select Select Link to: and choose the velocity variable. The column is filled with the velocity values for the experiment. Rename the column with a unique name. Data Collection...
Page 363 Repeat this procedure to save acceleration data. Repeat the steps for each experimental data set you want to save. To permanently save all experimental runs retained on the page, save the document. Data Collection...
Page 364: Retrieving Stored Experimental Results
Bad batteries: <hardware name> This message displays when the batteries in your Vernier Go!®Motion, CBR2™, or TI-Nspireé handheld are too low to continue data collection. Consult the Battery Information section of this manual or your sensor’s manual to replace them.
Page 365 Unrecognized Device. This message displays when you attempt to collect data with Vernier EasyLinkë or Vernier Go!ë Link and the TI-Nspire™ Data Collection tool. TI-Nspire™ software does not support the use of EasyLinkë or Go!ë Link at this time. Overwrite Data.
Page 366 Data Collection...
Page 367: Appendix: Service And Support
Appendix: Service and Support Texas Instruments Support and Service For general information For more information about TI products and services, contact TI by e-mail or visit the TI Internet address. E-mail inquiries: ti-cares@ti.com Home Page: education.ti.com Service and warranty information...
Page 368 Appendix: Service and Support...
Page 369: Index
Index Symbols ©, comment 321 absolute cell references in a table adding a Calculator to a page 47 Notes to a page 305 adding text and numbers to a Graphs & Geometry page 145 adjacent cells filling 184 algebra menu in the Calculator 43 alphanumerics adding to a Graphs &...
Page 370 Circle tool 127 circles creating 127 Circular definition error 334 clear error, ClrErr 342 clearing the Calculator history 69 clearing the work area (Graphs & Geometry) 107 ClrErr, clear error 342 column inserting into a matrix 52 columns based on other columns 195...
Page 371 347 sampling intervals 343 sensors supported 343 storing collected data 349 test durations 343 Data Collection Tool starting 344 deferring evaluation in Calculator 55 defined function recalling 64 defining functions and programs 60 internal subroutine 333 multiple-line functions 60...
Page 372 50 entering in a table 179 entering with a wizard 52 examples of 32 in Notes application 309 reusing in Calculator 68 selecting in Calculator 65 filling adjacent cells 184 finance 65 finance functions 67 finance solver 65...
Page 373 (Draw) 212 input descriptions table 238 pooled option 237 inserting a Calculator on a page 47 a row or column in a table 188 a row or column into a matrix 52 an element in a list in Lists &...
Page 374 (Data Collection) math expressions editing 64 entering and evaluating 47 entering in a table 179 selecting in Calculator 65 with multiple statements 57 math templates using 49 matrices creating 51 examples of 32 matrix inserting a row or column 52...
Page 375 adding a Lists & Spreadsheet application 175 adding to problems 27 panning the work area 89 Parallel (Line) tool 123 pass error, PassErr 342 pasting table data 239 pause, Pause 342 perimeter finding 142 Perpendicular (Line) tool 124 Perpendicular Bisector tool 157 piecewise functions creating 54 plotting...
Page 376 Calculator 55 reusing in Calculator 68 using last answer 59 return, Return 334 reusing expressions or results 68 last answer in Calculator 59 rotating an object 154 Rotation tool 155 inserting into a matrix 52 rows copying in a table 189...
Page 377 145 formatting in Notes 308 moving 146 selecting in Notes application Text tool 102 Then, Then 335 TI Connect, exchanging data with tool bars description 8 tool menus (Graphs & Geometry) 72 toolbar Notes 303 using in Calculator 47 toolbar (Graphs &...
Page 378 185 delete, DelVar 332 linking table column to a list 201 linking to 38 local, Local 330 methods for storing in Calculator preventing naming conflicts 35 removing 39 rules for naming 58 sharing table column as a list 198...
Page 379 wizard entering expressions with 52 work area description 11 Graphs & Geometry 81 panning 89 resizing 90 work areas multiple 11 working with functions (Graphs & Geometry) 101 x-min, x-max, y-min, y-max 89 y= functions, graphing 102 zeroes finding 148 Zoom tool 91 Default Zoom 93 Fit 94...

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Texas Instruments TI-NSPIRE Software Manual

Introduction

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Using Data & Statistics

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Summary of Contents for Texas Instruments TI-NSPIRE