Cooling System - International Harvester Company TD-14A Operator's Manual

MAINTENANCE
COOLING SYSTEM
The closed cooling system automatically
maintains the most desirable engine temper-
ature under all normal conditions of operation.
This type of system permits the tractor to be
operated at extreme angles without loss of
water through the overflow pipe. The valve is
designed to open at approximately 7 pounds
pressure. The radiator cap is designed to
hold this pressure and should be securely
fastened at all times. A positive centrifugal
pump circulates coolant in a closed system
between the crankcase, cylinder heads and
radiator.
Temperature of the coolant is controlled
by a thermostat of the by-pass type. When the
engine is cold, the coolant circulates within a
closed cycle (broken arrows in Illust. 29)
starting from the water pump, then through
the crankcase, cylinder head and the thermo-
stat assembly. At the thermostat, the coolant
is by-passed back into the water pump. This
circulation permits the engine to warm up to
normal operating temperature, and the oper-
ation of the water pump prevents formation of
steam pockets.
The temperature of the coolant controls
the degree of opening of the thermostat. When
efficient operating temperature has been
reached, the thermostat opens to its fullest
extent, the thermostat by-pass closes, and no
111ust. 29
Diagram of circulation in cool ing system -
broken line arrows show path of water
during engine warm up.
coolant is by-passed through the water pump.
The flow of the coolant (sol id black arrows in
lllust. 29) then runs from the cylinder head,
past the thermostat, into the upper radiator;
then from the lower radiator into the water
pump and back through the crankcase and
cylinder head. The capacity of the entire
cooling system is 19 gallons (U.S. measure).
Maintenance of Cooling System
Before the tractor is operated, preventive
maintenance procedures must be performed
on the cooling system in order to maintain its
original efficiency. The water used should be
clean and free from alkaline substances.
Treatment of the water with rust inhibitor
compounds will greatly reduce rusting of the
iron in the cooling system. Rust inhibitor
compounds are inexpensive and simple to use
and should be added to the water in the pro-
portions recommended by their manufacturers.
Thoroughly clean the cooling system, fill
it nearly full with clean water, and add the
recommended amount of rust inhibitor. Oper-
ate the engine until it reaches the temperature
that permits the thermostat to open and the
coolant mixture to establish complete circu-
lation throughout the entire system.
It is recommended that the cooling sys-
tem be cleaned at least twice a year. Clean
the system before antifreeze solution is added
to the coolant, and again after it has been re-
moved. After the danger of freezing temper-
atures has passed, clean the system and refill
with water and rust inhibitor.
The presence of rust in the radiator or in
the cooling solution is an indication that the
inhibitor solution has weakened.
If this hap-
pens, drain the solution, flush out the system
and refill.
Filling the Cooling System
The capacity of the cooling system is 19
U.S. gallons. Fill the system as follows:
1. Close the crankcase and radiator drain
cocks.
See Illusts.
12
and 13.
2. Pour water (soft or rain water, if
available) into the radiator.
3. Fill the radiator to a level slightly be-
low the bottom of the filler neck.
4. Unless conditions make it absolutely
necessary, do not pour cold water into the
radiator if the engine is very hot. Under
such conditions, start the engine and let it
idle. Then slowly pour the water into the
radiator.
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