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7 - WATER CONNECTIONS
ATTENTION: Before carrying out any water connections install the water box purge plugs (one plug per water box in the
lower section - supplied in the control box).
For size and position of the heat exchanger water inlet and outlet connections refer to the certified dimensional drawings
supplied with the unit.
The water pipes must not transmit any radial or axial force to the heat exchangers nor any vibration.
The water supply must be analyzed and appropriate filtering, treatment, control devices, isolation and bleed valves and circuits
built in, to prevent corrosion, fouling and deterioration of the pump fittings. Consult either a water treatment specialist or
appropriate literature on the subject.
7.1 - Operating precautions
The water circuit should be designed to have the least number of elbows and horizontal pipe runs at different levels. Below the
main points to be checked for the connection:
• Comply with the water inlet and outlet connections shown on the unit.
• Install manual or automatic air purge valves at all high points in the circuit(s).
• Use an expansion device to maintain pressure in the circuit(s) and install a safety valve as well as an expansion tank.
• Install thermometers in both the entering and leaving water connections.
• Install drain connections at all low points to allow the whole circuit to be drained.
• Install stop valves, close to the entering and leaving water connections.
• Use flexible connections to reduce the transmission or vibrations.
• Insulate all pipe work, after testing for leaks, both to reduce heat gains and to prevent condensation.
• Cover the insulation with a vapour barrier.
• Where there are particles in the fluid that could foul the heat exchanger, a screen filter should be installed ahead of the pump.
The mesh size of the filter must be 1.2 mm (see 'Typical water circuit' diagram on the right).
• Before the system start-up verify that the water circuits are connected to the appropriate heat exchangers (e.g. no reversal
between evaporator and condenser).
• Do not introduce any significant static or dynamic pressure into the heat exchange circuit (with regard to the design
operating pressures).
• Before any start-up verify that the heat exchange fluid is compatible with the materials and the water circuit coating. In case
additives or other fluids than those recommended by Carrier are used, ensure that the fluids are not considered as a gas, and
that they belong to class 2, as defined in directive 97/23/EC.
Carrier recommendations on heat exchange fluids:
Water quality should be maintained within the limits indicated in Table7.1. Failure to maintain proper water quality may
result in heat exchanger failure.
If the water circuit must be emptied for longer than one month, the complete circuit must be placed under nitrogen
charge to avoid any risk of corrosion by differential aeration.
Water Treatment — Untreated or improperly treated water may result in corrosion, scaling, erosion, or algae. The services
of a qualified water treatment specialist should be obtained to develop and monitor a treatment program. Water must be
within design flow limits, clean, and treated to ensure proper chiller performance and reduce the potential of tube damage
due to corrosion, scaling, erosion, and algae. Carrier assumes no responsibility for chiller damage resulting from untreated
or improperly treated water.
Table 7.1 Water Quality Characteristics and Limitations
WATER
CHARACTERISTIC
NH
3
4+
NH
Cl
2
Carrier Yileng - Shanghai, China
QUALITY LIMITATION
<2 ppm
<2 ppm
<1 ppm
33
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