Toro 31598 Operator's Manual
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Toro 31598 Operator's Manual

Rotary mower
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Form No. 3368-691 Rev A
Groundsmaster
®
5900 and 5910
Rotary Mower
Model No. 31598—Serial No. 310000001 and Up
Model No. 31599—Serial No. 310000001 and Up
To register your product or download an Operator's Manual or Parts Catalog at no charge, go to www.Toro.com.
Original Instructions (EN)

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Summary of Contents for Toro 31598

  • Page 1 5900 and 5910 Rotary Mower Model No. 31598—Serial No. 310000001 and Up Model No. 31599—Serial No. 310000001 and Up To register your product or download an Operator's Manual or Parts Catalog at no charge, go to www.Toro.com. Original Instructions (EN)

  • Page 2: Introduction

    Genuine Toro spark arresters are approved by the USDA Forestry Service. Important: This engine is equipped with a spark arrester muffler.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Safety ................4 Air Cleaner Maintenance ........45 Safe Operating Practices ........4 Servicing the Engine Oil ........46 Toro Mower Safety ..........6 Adjusting the Valve Clearance......47 Sound Power Level..........8 Fuel System Maintenance ........48 Sound Pressure Level ........... 8 Servicing the Fuel System ........

  • Page 4: Safety

    Safety Correcting the Cutting Unit Mismatch ....66 Miscellaneous Maintenance ........67 Servicing the Spark Arrestor Muffler....67 This machine meets or exceeds CEN standard Cleaning the Cab Air Filters ........ 67 EN 836:1997, ISO standard 5395:1990, and ANSI Cleaning the Air Conditioning Coil ..... 68 B71.4-2004 specifications in effect at the time of Cleaning the A/C Condenser Screen ....
  • Page 5 Preparation – The machine speed should be kept low on slopes and during tight turns. • While mowing, always wear substantial footwear, long trousers, hard hat, safety glasses, and ear – Stay alert for humps and hollows and other protection. Long hair, loose clothing or jewelry may hidden hazards.

  • Page 6: Toro Mower Safety

    • Replace worn or damaged parts for safety. The following list contains safety information specific to Toro products or other safety information that you • If the fuel tank has to be drained, do this outdoors. must know that is not included in the CEN, ISO, or •...

  • Page 7: Maintenance And Storage

    Operation • For operating environments exceeding 110 degrees F (43 degrees C), consult Toro for special machine • Before operating the machine be certain that the seat needs. belts are attached. • Do not operate the engine below 1350 rpm.

  • Page 8: Sound Power Level

    Sound power level was determined according to the procedures outlined in EN 11094. Sound Pressure Level Model 31598 This unit has a sound pressure level at the operator’s ear of 92 dBA, which includes an Uncertainty Value (K) of 1 dBA.

  • Page 9: Safety And Instructional Decals

    Safety and Instructional Decals Safety decals and instructions are easily visible to the operator and are located near any area of potential danger. Replace any decal that is damaged or lost. 114-0846 1. Read the Operators Manual; to start the engine, move the traction pedal to Neutral, apply the brake, move the throttle switch to low, turn the ignition key to Preheat.
  • Page 10 114-0844 114-0848 1. Left hand turn signal 4. To lock the brakes, close 1. High range 6. Low idle latch, press the brake 2. Transmission 7. Increase engine speed pedal and pull up on the 3. Low range 8. Engine parking brake knob.
  • Page 11 110-6007 1. Read the Operator’s manual for fuse information. 114-0133 1. Headlights 7. Flow divider—engage 2. On 8. Flow divider—disengage 3. Off 9. Lower cutting units—left 4. Headlight switch location 10. Lower cutting units—center 5. Cruise control—engage 11. Lower cutting units—right 6.
  • Page 12 114-0975 1. Height-of-cut 114-0922 114-4883 114-0922 1. Belt routing 1. Belt routing 106-6753 114-0974 1. Thrown object hazard—keep bystanders a safe distance 1. Belt routing from the machine. 2. Cutting/dismemberment hazard of hand or foot, mower blade—stay away from moving parts.
  • Page 13 117–2754 1. Warning—read the Operator’s Manual. 2. Warning—do not operate this machine unless you are trained. 3. Warning—wear the seat belt when seated in the operator’s position. 4. Warning—wear hearing protection. 5. Thrown object hazard—keep bystanders a safe distance from the machine. 6.
  • Page 14 115-5489 (Model 31599 only) 1. Warning—when the cab windows are open wear hearing protection. 2. Close the rear window before attempting to open the hood. 114-0865 1. Height of cut adjustment Battery Symbols 114-9600 Some or all of these symbols are on your battery 1.

  • Page 15: Setup

    Setup Loose Parts Use the chart below to verify that all parts have been shipped. Procedure Description Qty. – No parts required Remove the side deck straps and brace Deck cover R.H. Deck cover L.H. Lower the front deck winglets V-Belt –...

  • Page 16: Remove Side Deck Shipping Strap And Brace

    Remove Side Deck Shipping Strap and Brace No Parts Required Procedure Remove the strap and brace securing the side decks for shipping. Figure 3 Lower Front Deck Winglets 1. Winglet 4. Eccentric 2. Hinge pin 5. Upper hole Parts needed for this procedure: 6.

  • Page 17: Level Front Center Deck

    7. Install the winglet belts as follows: • Start the belt around the winglet spindle pulley and the front deck spindle pulley (Figure 5). • Using a ratchet wrench or similar tool, move the Level Front Center Deck idler pulley away from the pulleys (Figure 5). •...

  • Page 18: Checking Tire Pressure

    • Tighten the bolt and nut for this eccentric to 110 ft-lb (149 N-m). • Repeat the procedure on the opposite winglet. Refer to Adjusting the Cutting Unit Pitch procedure in Mower Maintenance. Checking Tire Pressure No Parts Required Procedure Check the air pressure in all the tires before operating Figure 7 the machine.

  • Page 19: Greasing Machine

    Product Overview 2. Check the hydraulic fluid level before starting the engine, refer to Checking the Hydraulic Fluid Level in Hydraulic System Maintenance. Controls 3. Check the cooling system before starting the engine; Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine refer to Checking the Cooling System in Cooling from the normal operating position.

  • Page 20: Key Switch

    Lift Switches traveling at a very slow speed, less than 2 mph, to shift to Hi or Lo. The lift switches (Figure 11) raise and lower the cutting units. Press the switches forward to lower the cutting Horn Button unit and backward to raise the cutting units. Note: The decks will not lower while in the Hi speed Press the horn button (Figure 10) to activate the horn.

  • Page 21: Light Switch

    the cruise control, the middle position of the switch enables the cruise control function and the front of the switch sets the desired ground speed. Note: Pressing either brake pedal or moving the traction pedal into the reverse position, for one second, will also disengage the cruise control.
  • Page 22 Cab Controls Model 31599 only Wind Shield Wiper Switch Press front of switch to activate the wind shield wipers (Figure 13) and rear of switch to turn off the wipers. Air Conditioning Switch Press front of switch to activate the air conditioning (Figure 13) and rear of switch to turn off the air conditioning.
  • Page 23 Info Center 4. Cruise Control Engaged 5. H/L (Hi/Low speed range) Screen Functions Bottom Left Corner-Air Intake Heater Active • Press the corresponding button to view screen 1 or Bottom Middle-Traction Assist Engaged screen 2, to stop audible alarm, to view fault screen or to exit (Figure 15).
  • Page 24 This display indicates the time until the next regular service interval (Figure 17). Machine Hours Indicator Note: When service has been performed, make sure to reset the indicator. Refer to the Toro Service Manual. This display shows the total hours that the machine has been operated (Figure 17).
  • Page 25 Alarm (InfoCenter) Advisories Advisories provide the operator additional information The InfoCenter’s alarm sounds when: to operate certain functions on the machine (Figure 19). • an engine fault is received • an advisory or fault is received from the TEC controllers •...

  • Page 26: Fuel Level

    Fuel Level For Traction Assist 1. Must be in low range Add fuel 2. Operator must be seated To Engage PTO 1. Solve engine fault Traction Derate Due To 2. Let engine warm up 1. Requires service 3. Let hydraulic oil warm 2.

  • Page 27: Specifications

    A selection of Toro approved attachments and accessories are available for use with the machine to enhance and expand its capabilities. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer or Distributor or go to www.Toro.com for a list of all approved attachments and accessories.

  • Page 28: Operation

    Operation WARNING Fuel is harmful or fatal if swallowed. Long-term Note: Determine the left and right sides of the exposure to vapors can cause serious injury and machine from the normal operating position. illness. • Avoid prolonged breathing of vapors. CAUTION •...

  • Page 29: Checking The Tire Pressure

    Important: Maintain pressure in all tires to or container opening at all times until fueling is complete. ensure a good quality-of-cut and proper machine performance. Do not under-inflate. DANGER Check the air pressure in all the tires before operating the machine. In certain conditions, fuel is extremely flammable and highly explosive.
  • Page 30 2. Position the castor wheel axles in the same holes in all castor forks. Refer to the chart (Figure 22) to determine the correct holes for the setting. Figure 23 1. Tensioning cap 4. Top axle mounting hole Figure 22 2.
  • Page 31 6. Mount the height-of-cut chains to the desired to determine the correct holes for the height of height-of-cut hole (Figure 25) with the clevis pin cut setting. and hairpin cotter. Figure 27 Figure 25 Note: When operating at 2-1/2 inch (64 mm) height of cut or higher, the axle bolt should be Note: When mowing at height-of-cuts below installed in the bottom castor fork hole to prevent...

  • Page 32: Adjusting The Skids

    Adjusting the Roller spacers onto the shaft. Install the tensioning cap to secure the assembly. 1. Remove the screw and nut securing the roller shaft to the deck bracket (Figure 30). Adjusting the Skids The skids should be mounted in the lower position when operating at heights of cut greater than 2-1/2 inches (64 mm) and in the higher position when operating at heights of cut lower than 2-1/2 inches (64...

  • Page 33: Checking The Mismatch Between Cutting Units

    Checking the Mismatch compare. These numbers should be within 1/8 inch (3 mm) of each other. Make no adjustment at this Between Cutting Units time. Due to differences in grass conditions and the 2. Position blade side to side on inside spindle of side counterbalance setting of the traction unit, it is advised cutting unit and corresponding outside spindle of that grass be cut and appearance checked before formal...

  • Page 34: Adjusting The Mirrors

    Figure 34 3. Lever 1. Side view mirrors 2. Rear view mirror Figure 32 1. Tensioning cap 4. Top axle mounting hole 2. Spacers (4) 5. Castor wheel Aiming the Headlights 3. Shims (2 top and 2 bottom) 1. Loosen the mounting nuts and position each headlight so that it points straight ahead.

  • Page 35: Checking The Interlock Switches

    procedures, wait 2 minutes, and repeat the function. If the traction drive still functions there is starting procedure. a malfunction in the interlock system that should be corrected before beginning operation. When the temperature is below 20°F (-75°C), let the machine warm up for a minimum of 10 minutes. Pushing or Towing the 5.

  • Page 36: Jacking Points

    Jacking Points 3. Thread each valve bypass stem in six turns and tighten the jam nuts. • On the front of the machine on the frame on the 4. To disengage the tow valves, loosen the jam nuts, inside of each drive tire (Figure 37). thread the bypass stems all the way out and tighten the jam nuts.

  • Page 37: Tie Downs

    Tie Downs Operating Characteristics • Under the front of the operator’s platform (2 places) Practice driving the machine because it has a hydrostatic (Figure 39). transmission and its characteristics are different than many turf maintenance machines. Some points to consider when operating the traction unit, cutting unit, or other implements are the transmission, engine speed, load on the cutting blades or other implement components, and the importance of the brakes.

  • Page 38: Reversing Fan Operation

    WARNING G010392 This product is designed to drive objects into the ground where they lose energy quickly in grass areas. However, careless operation, combined with terrain angle, ricochets, or improperly positioned safety guard can lead to thrown object injuries. • When a person or pet appears suddenly in or near the mowing area, stop mowing .

  • Page 39: Operating Tips

    Operating Tips Select the Proper Height-of-Cut Setting to Suit Conditions Remove approximately 1 inch (25 mm) or no more than 1/3 of the grass blade when cutting. In exceptionally lush and dense grass, you may have to raise the height-of-cut to the next setting. Figure 44 1.

  • Page 40: Maintenance

    Maintenance Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position. Recommended Maintenance Schedule(s) Maintenance Service Maintenance Procedure Interval • Torque the wheel lug nuts. • Check the alternator belt tension. After the first 10 hours •...

  • Page 41: Service Interval Chart

    CAUTION If you leave the key in the ignition switch, someone could accidently start the engine and seriously injure you or other bystanders. Remove the key from the ignition before you do any maintenance. Service Interval Chart Figure 45...

  • Page 42: Premaintenance Procedures

    Premaintenance Procedures Inner Wing Deck Covers Removal 1. Lower the wing deck onto a level surface. 2. Disengage the cover latch. 3. Remove the bolt securing the belt cover, if so equipped. Figure 48 1. Slide cover out between lift arm and roller 4.

  • Page 43: Lubrication

    Lubrication The grease fitting locations and quantities are: Traction Unit Greasing the Bearings and • Impact arms (2) (Figure 49) Bushings • Front Deck Lift cylinder pivots (2) (Figure 49) Service Interval: Before each use or daily—Lubricate • Side Deck Lift cylinder pivots (2) (Figure 49) castor arm bushings.
  • Page 44 Figure 50 Figure 53 Front Lift Assemblies • Lift arm bushings (2) (Figure 54) • Lift arm ball joints (2) (Figure 54) • Front Deck Lift cylinder pivots (2) (Figure 54) Figure 51 Figure 54 Figure 52 Side Cutting Units (per side) •...

  • Page 45: Engine Maintenance

    Engine Maintenance Air Cleaner Maintenance • Check the air cleaner body for damage which could cause an air leak. Replace if damaged. Check the whole intake system for leaks, damage or loose hose clamps. • Service the air cleaner filter only when the service indicator requires it.

  • Page 46: Servicing The Engine Oil

    • Preferred oil: SAE 15W-40 (above 0°F) • Alternate oil: SAE 10W-30 (below 23°F) Important: Never attempt to clean the safety Toro Premium Engine Oil is available from your filter (Figure 58). Replace the safety filter with a distributor in either 15W-40 or 10W-30 viscosity. See new one after every three primary filter services.

  • Page 47: Adjusting The Valve Clearance

    Figure 61 1. Engine oil drain plug 2. Remove the oil filter (Figure 59). Apply a light coat Figure 59 of clean oil to the new filter seal before screwing it 1. Oil filter 2. Dipstick on. Do not overtighten. 3.

  • Page 48: Fuel System Maintenance

    Draining the Water Separator Fuel System 1. Place a clean container under the water separator Maintenance (Figure 62). 2. Open the drain plug and operate the pump to drain Servicing the Fuel System off contaminates (Figure 62). DANGER Under certain conditions, diesel fuel and fuel vapors are highly flammable and explosive.

  • Page 49: Replacing The Fuel Filter

    10. Connect the water sensor (electrical connector) from the bottom of the water separator. 11. With the vent plug still loosened, operate the primer pump until fuel purges at the vent plug. Close the vent plug, start the engine and check for leaks. Correct as necessary with the engine off.

  • Page 50: Electrical System Maintenance

    (Figure 68) or the cab fuse block (Figure 70). A maximum of 10 amps is available from either location. Contact your local Toro distributor for assistance. Note: Make sure the key is off and removed from the switch before removing fuses.

  • Page 51: Battery Care

    The alternate positive post is located in the front of the power center console (Figure 67). Recalibrate Traction Pedal Service Interval: Every 1,000 hours—Recalibrate traction pedal Contact your local Toro distributor or refer to the Toro Service Manual for the assistance. Figure 70 1. Cab fuse box 2. Fuses Battery Care Service Interval: Every 50 hours—Check the battery...

  • Page 52: Drive System Maintenance

    Drive System Maintenance Adjusting the Traction Pedal Angle The traction pedal operating angle can be adjusted for Figure 72 operator comfort. 1. Check/drain plug (3 o’clock position) 1. Loosen the two nuts and bolts securing the left side of the traction pedal to the bracket (Figure 71). 2.

  • Page 53: Checking The Rear Wheel Toe-In

    Figure 74 1. Check/drain plug (lowest position) 2. Place a drain pan under the hub, remove the plug, and allow the oil to drain. Figure 75 1. Center to center distance 2. Tie rod clamps 3. Place a drain pan under the brake housing on the other side of the wheel (Figure 73).

  • Page 54: Cooling System Maintenance

    Cooling System DANGER Maintenance The rotating fan and drive belt can cause personal injury. • Do not operate the machine without the covers CAUTION in place. Discharge of hot pressurized coolant or touching • Keep fingers, hands and clothing clear of hot radiator and surrounding parts can cause severe rotating fan and drive belt.

  • Page 55: Servicing The Engine Cooling System

    Servicing the Engine Cooling Brake Maintenance System Adjusting the Service Brakes Service Interval: Every 100 hours—Inspect the cooling system hoses. Adjust the service brakes when there is more than 1 inch (25 mm) of “free travel” of the brake pedal, or when the Every 2 years—Flush the cooling brakes do not work effectively.

  • Page 56: Belt Maintenance

    Belt Maintenance Replacing the Blade Drive Belts Servicing the Alternator Belt Service Interval: Every 50 hours—Inspect the blade drive belts. Service Interval: After the first 10 hours—Check the alternator belt tension. Every 1,000 hours—Replace the drive blade belts Every 1,000 hours—Check the alternator belt tension.

  • Page 57: Side Cutting Decks

    4. Remove the bolts securing the hydraulic motor to to release the belt tension and allow the belt to be the cutting unit (Figure 81). Lift the motor off of the slipped off the pulleys. cutting unit and lay it on top of the cutting unit. Figure 81 1.

  • Page 58: Hydraulic System Maintenance

    5 gallon pails or 55 gallon drums. See parts catalog or Toro distributor for part numbers.) Alternate fluids: If the Toro fluid is not available, other fluids may be used provided they meet all the following material properties and industry specifications. We do not recommend the use of synthetic fluid.

  • Page 59: Checking The Hydraulic Filter Service Indicators (If So Equipped)

    1) of hydraulic oil. Order part no. 44-2500 from your authorized Toro distributor. Note: If ambient operating temperatures exceed 110° F, contact Toro for fluid recommendations. 1. Position the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, stop the engine, and remove the key.

  • Page 60: Changing The Hydraulic Fluid And Filters

    Change the 2 hydraulic filters and the hydraulic fluid after every 1000 operating hours, in normal operating conditions. If the fluid becomes contaminated, contact your local Toro distributor because the system must be flushed. Contaminated fluid looks milky or black when compared to clean oil.

  • Page 61: Checking The Hydraulic Lines And Hoses

    Hydraulic System Test Ports unit (Figure 92). The test ports are used to test the pressure in the hydraulic circuits. Contact your local Toro distributor or refer to the Toro Service Manual for assistance.

  • Page 62: Pivoting The Front Cutting Unit Down

    Cutting unit pitch is the difference in height-of-cut from the front of the blade plane to the back of the blade plane. Toro recommends a blade pitch of .300 inch (7.5 mm). That is the back of the blade plane is .300 inch (7.5 mm) higher than the front.

  • Page 63: Servicing The Castor Arm Bushings

    6. Adjust the other set of nuts to raise or lower the rear of the cutting unit and attain the correct cutting unit pitch. 7. Tighten the jam nuts. Figure 96 1. Tensioning cap 4. Top axle mounting hole 2. Spacers 5.

  • Page 64: Servicing The Castor Wheels And Bearings

    3. Check the bearings, spacer, and inside of the wheel hub for wear. Replace any damaged parts. 4. To assemble the castor wheel, push the bearing into the wheel hub. When installing the bearings, press on the outer race of the bearing. 5.

  • Page 65: Blade Maintenance

    The blade must be replaced if a solid object is hit, the the product. blade is out of balance, or if the blade is bent. Always use genuine Toro replacement blades to be sure of safety • Inspect the blade periodically for wear or and optimum performance. Never use replacement damage.

  • Page 66: Correcting The Cutting Unit Mismatch

    wears down, the quality-of-cut will degrade somewhat, although the cutting edges are sharp. The cutting edge of the blade must be sharp so that the grass is cut rather than torn. A dull cutting edge is evident when the tips of the grass appear brown and shredded.

  • Page 67: Miscellaneous Maintenance

    Miscellaneous Cleaning the Cab Air Filters Maintenance Service Interval: Every 250 hours—Clean the cab air filters. (Clean more frequently in extremely dusty or dirty conditions Servicing the Spark Arrestor and replace them if they are torn or excessively dirty.) Muffler 1.

  • Page 68: Cleaning The Air Conditioning Coil

    Cleaning the Air Conditioning Cleaning the A/C Condenser Coil Screen Service Interval: Every 250 hours—Clean the air Service Interval: Every 50 hours—Clean the air conditioning coil. (Clean more conditioning screen. (Clean more frequently in extremely dusty or dirty frequently in extremely dusty or dirty conditions) conditions) 1.

  • Page 69: Storage

    B. Clean the battery, terminals, and posts with a wire brush and baking soda solution. C. Coat the cable terminals and battery posts with Grafo 112X skin-over grease (Toro Part No. 505-47) or petroleum jelly to prevent corrosion. D. Slowly recharge the battery every 60 days for 24 hours to prevent lead sulfation of the battery.

  • Page 70: Schematics

    Schematics Hydraulic Schematic (Sheet 1 of 2) (Rev. A)
  • Page 71 Hydraulic Schematic (Sheet 2 of 2) (Rev. A)
  • Page 72 Electrical Schematic (G011817) (Rev. A)
  • Page 73 Electrical Schematic (G011818) (Rev. A)
  • Page 74 SEE DWG. # g01 1817 BK/W CAN+ 54-G CAN- 54-H 120OHM BK/W 1F2 30 A 30 A CUMMINSCONTROLLER MAXI#3 08-B LINE39 SEE DWG. # g011827 08-A LINE38 INFOCENTER T/BK T/BK START STOP ----NONE RUN ----B+C+F;D+E START ---A+B+C IGNITIONSWITCH(HOBBS) AIR-RIDESEAT POWERPOINT 15A ROADANDBRAKELIGHT GROUND BLOCK...
  • Page 75 ENGINE DIAGNOSTIC CANtrak2600 +12VDC CAN+ INFOCENTER CAN- 11 12 T/BK CAN+ CAN- BK/W BK/W BK/W 120OHM GN/BK OR/BK CANtrak2600 T/BK COMMUNICATIONPOR T TX (-) LOOP-BACKCONNECT OR CANDIAGNOSTIC CONNECT OR LINE19 LINE20 BK/W HOURMETER CONNECT OR LINE12 LINE13 SEE DWG. # g011821 LINE14 LINE15 LINE16...
  • Page 76 Electrical Schematic (G011821) (Rev. A)
  • Page 77 Electrical Schematic (G011822) (Rev. A)
  • Page 78 Electrical Schematic (G011823) (Rev. A)
  • Page 79 Electrical Schematic (G011824) (Rev. A)
  • Page 80 Electrical Schematic (G011825) (Rev. A)
  • Page 81 Electrical Schematic (G011826) (Rev. A)
  • Page 82 Electrical Schematic (G011827) (Rev. A)
  • Page 83 RESIST OR BLOWERF AN OR/BK FREEZE SWITCH BK/W BK/W OR/BK CONDENSER F AN AIR CONDITIONER CLUTCH P05-H 56-E BK/W OR/BK BINARY SWITCH AIR CONDITIONING (PRESSURE SWITCH) P05-G 56-D WINDSHIELD WASHER PUMP SHEET 1 LINE40 LOW SPEED P11-1 HIGH SPEED P11-2 PARK WINDSHIELD WIPER W/BK...

  • Page 84: The Toro Total Coverage Guarantee

    Countries Other than the United States or Canada Customers who have purchased Toro products exported from the United States or Canada should contact their Toro Distributor (Dealer) to obtain guarantee policies for your country, province, or state. If for any reason you are dissatisfied with your Distributor’s service or have difficulty obtaining guarantee information, contact the Toro importer.

This manual is also suitable for:

31599Groundsmaster 5900Groundsmaster 591031598te31599te

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