Page 1 DGS-3308 Series 8-Port Gigabit Layer 3 Switch User’s Guide First Edition (December 2001) 651FG3308015 Printed In Taiwan RECYCLABLE...
Page 2: Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise
Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise Bitte lesen Sie sich diese Hinweise sorgfältig durch. Heben Sie diese Anleitung für den spätern Gebrauch auf. Vor jedem Reinigen ist das Gerät vom Stromnetz zu trennen. Vervenden Sie keine Flüssig- oder Aerosolreiniger. Am besten dient ein angefeuchtetes Tuch zur Reinigung.
Page 3: Limitation Of Liability
Warranty se rvice may be obtained by contacting a D-Link office within the applicable warranty period, and requesting a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number. If a Registration Card for the product in question has not been returned to D-Link, then a proof of pur chase (such as a copy of the dated purchase invoice) must be provided.
Page 4 D-Link makes no warranty that operation of its software products will be uninterrupted or absolutely error-free, and no warranty that all defects in the software product, within or without the scope of D-Link's...
Page 5: Copyright Statement
D-Link Offices for Registration and Warranty Service The product's Registration Card, provided at the back of this manual, must be sent to a D-Link office. To obtain an RMA number for warranty service as to a hardware product, or to obtain warranty service as to a software product, contact the D-Link office nearest you.
Page 6: Fcc Warning
FCC Warning This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
Page 7: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents About This Guide.......................................1 Overview of this User’s Guide ..................................1 Introduction.........................................2 Layer 3 Switching......................................2 The Functions of a Layer 3 Switch................................3 Features ...........................................3 Ports..........................................3 Performance Features....................................4 Layer 2 Switching Features..................................4 Layer 3 Switching Features..................................4 Traffic Classification and Prioritization...............................5 Management ........................................5 Optional Redundant Power Supply................................6 Fast Ethernet Technology.....................................6...
Page 8 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)...........................45 Multicast Routing Algorithms................................46 Multicast Routing Protocols...................................48 Routing Protocols......................................48 Configuring the Switch Using the Console Interface ..........................54 Before You Start ......................................54 General Deployment Strategy................................54 VLAN Layout ......................................55 Assigning IP Network Addresses and Subnet Masks to VLANs ....................55 Defining Static Routes.....................................55 Connecting to the Switch....................................56 Console Usage Conventions ...................................56...
Page 9 Layer 2 Switch Utilities..................................117 Upgrade Firmware from TFTP Server.............................. 117 Download Configuration File from TFTP Server..........................118 Upload Configuration File to TFTP Server............................119 Save Log to TFTP Server..................................120 Ping ........................................... 121 Layer 3 Utilities..................................... 122 BOOTP/DHCP Relay..................................... 122 DNS Relay.......................................
Page 10 Remote Management Setup................................... 188 Management Station IP Settings ..............................188 SNMP Community Settings ................................189 Setup Trap Receivers .................................... 190 Setup User Accounts..................................... 190 Serial Port Settings....................................192 Network Monitoring ....................................193 Statistics ......................................... 193 Address Table......................................197 Applications ......................................201 Maintenance.......................................
Page 11: About This Guide
BOUT UIDE This User’s guide tells you how to install your DGS-3308, how to connect it to your Ethernet network, and how to set its configuration using either the built-in console interface or Web-based management. Overview of this User’s Guide Chapter 1, “Introduction.”...
Page 12: Introduction
ASIC – in hardware instead of software. Where a traditional router would have one, or at best a few, Fast Ethernet ports, the DGS-3308 Layer 3 switch has eight Gigabit Ethernet ports, including two which are GBIC-based. Where a traditional router would have one or two high-speed serial WAN connections, the DGS-3308 relies upon Gigabit Ethernet ports to connect to a separate device, which in turn, connects the network to a WAN or the Internet.
Page 13: The Functions Of A Layer 3 Switch
Gigabit Ethernet or GBIC-based port. Multiple DGS-3308 switches can be linked via the Gigabit Ethernet ports. Features The DGS-3308 was designed for easy installation and high performance in an environment where traffic on the network and the number of users increase continuously.
Page 14: Performance Features
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Per device packet buffer: 512Kbytes. RS-232 DCE Diagnostic port (console port) for setting up and managing the Switch via a connection to a console terminal or PC using a terminal emulation program. Performance Features Layer 2 Switching Features 16 Gbps switching fabric capacity Wire speed packet forwarding rate per system.
Page 15: Traffic Classification And Prioritization
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Supports IP packet de-fragmentation. Supports Path MTU discovery. Supports 802.1D frame support. Traffic Classification and Prioritization Based on 802.1p priority bits. Based on MAC address. 4 priority queues. Management RS-232 console port for out-of-band network management and system diagnosis via a console terminal or PC. Spanning Tree Algorithm Protocol for creation of alternative backup paths and prevention of network loops.
Page 16: Optional Redundant Power Supply
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide BOOTP support. IP filtering on the management interface. DHCP Client support. DHCP Relay Agent. Password enabled. Optional Redundant Power Supply The DGS-3308FG supports the optional DPS-1000 (Redundant Power Supply) to provide automatic power supply monitoring and switchover to a redundant power supply (located in the chassis of the DPS-1000) in case of a failure in the Switch’s internal power supply.
Page 17: Unpacking And Setup
One Installation Guide This User’s Guide on CD-ROM with Registration Card If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your local D-Link reseller for replacement. Installation Use the following guidelines when choosing a place to install the Switch: The surface must support at least 3 kg.
Page 18: Rack Installation
Rack Installation The DGS-3308 can be mounted in an EIA standard-sized, 19-inch rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment. To install, attach the mounting brackets on the Switch’s side panels (one on each side) and secure them with the screws provided.
Page 19: Power On
Power on The DGS-3308 can be used with AC power supply 100 - 240 VAC, 50 - 60 Hz. The Switch’s power supply will adjust to the local power source automatically and may be powered on without having any or all LAN segment cables connected.
Page 20: Identifying External Components
DENTIFYING XTERNAL OMPONENTS This chapter describes the front panel, rear panel, and LED indicators of the DGS-3308. Front Panel The front panel of the Switch consists of LED indicators, an RS-232 communication port, two GBIC-based Gigabit Ethernet ports, and either six 1000BASE-SX ports (DGS-3308FG) or six 1000BASE-T ports (DGS-3308-TG).
Page 21: Side Panels
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The AC power connector is a standard three-pronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug-in the female connector of the provided power cord into this socket, and the male side of the cord into a power outlet. Supported input voltages range from 100 ~ 240 VAC at 50 ~ 60 Hz.
Page 22: Connecting The Switch
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ONNECTING WITCH This chapter describes how to connect the DGS-3308FG/DGS-3308TG to your Gigabit Ethernet network. PC to Switch A PC can be connected to the Switch via a four-pair Category 5 cable or a fiber optic cable. The PC should be connected to any of the eight ports of the DGS-3308FG/DGS-3308TG.
Page 23 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 4-2. Switch to switch connection...
Page 24: Switch Management And Operating Concepts
6, “Using the Console Interface”). A network administrator can manage, control and monitor the switch from the console program. The DGS-3308 contains a CPU, memory for data storage, flash memory for configuration data, operational programs, and SNMP agent firmware. These components allow the Switch to be actively managed and monitored from either the console port or the network itself (out-of-band, or in-band).
Page 25: Ip Addresses And Snmp Community Names
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Data width: 8 bits Parity: none Stop bits: Flow Control None Make sure the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is configured to match these settings. If you are having problems making this connection on a PC, make sure the emulation is set to VT-100. If you still don’t see anything, try hitting <Ctrl>...
Page 26: Traps
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-2. Switch Information screen In addition, you can also set an IP Address for a gateway router. This becomes necessary when the network management station is located on a different IP network from the Switch, making it necessary for management packets to go through a router to reach the network manager, and vice-versa.
Page 27: Mibs
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Cold Start – This trap signifies that the Switch has been powered up and initialized such that software settings are reconfigured and hardware systems are rebooted. A cold start is different from a factory reset in that configuration settings saved to non-volatile RAM used to reconfigure the switch.
Page 28: Packet Forwarding
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Authentication The authentication protocol ensures that both the router SNMP agent and the remote user SNMP application program discard packets from unauthorized users. Authentication is accomplished using ‘community strings’, which function like passwords. The remote user SNMP a pplication and the router SNMP must use the same community string. SNMP community strings of up to 20 characters may be entered under the Remote Management Setup menu of the console program.
Page 29: Ip Addressing And Subnetting
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Some filtering requires the manual entry of information into a filtering table: MAC address filtering – the manual entry of specific MAC addresses to be filtered from the network. Packets sent from one manually entered MAC address can be filtered from the network. The entry may be specified as either a source, a destination, or both.
Page 30: Address Classes
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Eight binary bits are called a ‘byte’ or an ‘octet’. An octet can represent any decimal value between ‘0’ (00000000) and ‘255’ (11111111). IP addresses, represented in decimal form, are four numbers whose value is between ‘0’ to ‘255’. The total range of IP addresses are then: Lowest possible IP address - 0.0.0.0...
Page 31: Subnet Masking
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Subnet Masking A subnet mask can be applied to an IP address to identify the network and the node parts of the address. A bitwise logical AND operation between the IP address and the subnet mask results in the Network Address. For example: 00001010.00101010.01001001.11010010 10.42.73.210 Class A IP address...
Page 32 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Classless InterDomain Routing – CIDR Under CIDR, the subnet mask notation is reduced to a simplified shorthand. Instead of specifying all of the bits of the subnet mask, it is simply listed as the number of contiguous “1”s (bits) in the network portion of the address. Look at the subnet mask of the above example in binary - 11111111.11100000.00000000.00000000 –...
Page 33: 802.1Q Vlans
VLANs without a network device performing a routing function between the VLANs. 2. The DGS-3308 supports only IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. The port untagging function can be used to remove the 802.1 tag from packet headers to maintain compatibility with devices that are tag- unaware.
Page 34: Q Vlan Packet Forwarding
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Untagging – The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header. Ingress port – A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the switch and VLAN decisions must be made. Egress port –...
Page 35: Q Vlan Tags
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-3. IEEE 802.1Q Packet Forwarding 802.1Q VLAN Tags The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets inserted after the source MAC address. Their presence is indicated by a value of 0x8100 in the EtherType field. When a packet’s EtherType field is equal to 0x8100, the packet carries the IEEE 802.1Q/802.1p tag.
Page 36: Port Vlan Id
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The EtherType and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the originial EtherType/Length or Logical Link Control. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) must be recalculated.
Page 37: Ingress Filtering
VLANs (IP subnets). The DGS-3308 does not directly support IP switching, however it is possible to do the equivalent by assigning IP subnets to configured VLANs and then disabling the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). This will prevent packets from crossing IP subnets without going through an external router.
Page 38: Spanning Tree Protocol
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide An example is presented below: VLAN Name Switch Ports System (default) Engineering 6, 7 Marketing Finance Sales Backbone Table 5-5. VLAN Example – Assigned Ports In this case, 6 IP interfaces are required, so a CIDR notation of 10.32.0.0/11 (or a 11-bit) addressing scheme will work. This addressing scheme will give a subnet mask of 11111111.11100000.00000000.00000000 (binary) or 255.224.0.0 (decimal).
Page 39: Stp Operation Levels
Please read the following before making any changes from the default values. The DGS-3308 STP allows two levels of spanning trees to be configured. The first level constructs a spanning tree on the links between switches. This is referred to as the Switch or Global level. The second level is on a port group basis.
Page 40: Bridge Protocol Data Units
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide greater chance of a given switch being elected as the root bridge Hello Time The length of time between 2 seconds broadcasts of the hello message by the switch Maximum Age Measures the age of a received 20 seconds Timer BPDU for a port and ensures...
Page 41: Creating A Stable Stp Topology
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The port identifier of the transmitting port The switch sends BPDUs to communicate and construct the spanning-tree topology. All switches connected to the LAN on which the packet is transmitted will receive the BPDU. BPDUs are not directly forwarded by the switch, but the receiving switch uses the information in the frame to calculate a BPDU, and, if the topology changes, initiates a BPDU transmission.
Page 42 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide From learning to forwarding or to disabled From forwarding to disabled From disabled to blocking Figure 5-6. STP Port State Transitions You can modify each port state by using management software. When you enable STP, every port on every switch in the network goes through the blocking state and then transitions through the states of listening and learning at power up.
Page 43: Illustration Of Stp
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide User-Changeable STA Parameters The factory default setting should cover the majority of installations. However, it is advisable to keep the default settings as set at the factory; unless, it is absolutely necessary. The user changeable parameters in the Switch are as follows: Priority –...
Page 44: Internet Protocols
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-7. Before Applying the STA Rules In this example, only the default STP values are used. Figure 5-8. After Applying the STA Rules The switch with the lowest Bridge ID (switch C) was elected the root bridge, and the ports were selected to give a high port cost between switches B and C.
Page 45: Protocol Layering
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Protocol Layering The task of connecting users to networks, and then networks to networks, is made somewhat easier by dividing up the overall job into simpler, but related, tasks. Each task is structured to be resilient to failures in the connecting hardware, software, data loss, data corruption, and data received out of order.
Page 46 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Using the protocol layering model to visualize the organization of the network software, Layer 2 represents switching and Layer 3 represents routing. In fact, the protocol layering model gives only guidelines for writing programs to accomplish certain tasks and functions.
Page 47 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 1 Layer 2 This is commonly called the switching layer. It allows for the addressing of end stations and for the interconnection of end stations. This allows a practical way to construct simple but high-performance networks connecting thousands of end stations.
Page 48 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is the official name of a suite of protocols designed to allow computers to communicate and share resources across a network. TCP and IP are only the two best known protocols of the suite, but TCP/IP is used to refer to the entire suite.
Page 49: Udp And Icmp
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Connection 1 1234, 21 10.42.73.23 210.128.12.1 Connection 2 1235, 21 10.42.73.23 210.128.12.1 So the local computer, 10.42.73.23 has two connections to the FTP Server, 210.128.12.1. Commands sent from 10.42.73.23 are received by the FTP Server on the well-known TCP port number 21, but the transmitted files are received by 10.42.73.23 on either TCP port number 1234 or 1235, depending on which port issued the command.
Page 50 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The TCP header is added to the beginning of each packet. This header contains at least 20 octets including the source and destination TCP port numbers. Each packet is given a sequence number that is used to ensure that the packets are received in the correct order. The packets themselves are not numbered, instead, the octets the packet contains is numbered.
Page 51 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-12. IP Packet Header Flags and Fragment Offset are used when a packet must be divided into smaller pieces by a network device. This is sometimes necessary for a packet to cross a network that can not process large packet sizes. Time-to-Live (TTL) is the maximum number of gateways a packet can pass through.
Page 52: The Domain Name System
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IP removes the IP header. It looks at the IP protocol field. Since the protocol type is TCP, it passes the packet to TCP. TCP now looks at the sequence number and uses it to recombine the packets in the correct order. The Domain Name System Most network software uses a 32 bit IP address to identify network devices and computers on the network.
Page 53: Arp
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The software in a traditional router (or the hardware in a layer 3 switch) is designed to forward packets from one network to another. Routing is based upon the Network Address of the destination IP address. Each network device or computer has at least one gateway address (the default gateway) and this is generally the best way to send packets out of the local network and into the WAN or the Internet.
Page 54 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-14. Class D Multicast Address Some of the assigned IP multicast addresses: Address Assignment Base Address (reserved) 224.0.0.0 All Systems on this subnet 224.0.0.1 All Routers on this subnet 224.0.0.2 Unassigned 224.0.0.3 DVMRP Routers 224.0.0.4 OSPF IGP Routers 224.0.0.5...
Page 55: Internet Group Management Protocol (Igmp)
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Computers and network devices that want to receive multicast transmissions need to inform nearby routers that they will become members of a multicast group. The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used to communicate this information.
Page 56: Multicast Routing Algorithms
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The states a computer will go through to join or to leave a multicast group are shown below: Figure 5-16. IGMP State Transitions Multicast Routing Algorithms Multicast routing is based on a tree concept where the multicast source is the trunk and the multicast group members are the leaves.
Page 57 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Reverse Path Broadcasting (RPB) The RPB algorithm is a modification of the spanning tree algorithm. Instead of building a network-wide spanning tree, a virtual spanning tree is constructed for each multicast source. When a router receives a multicast packet from a source, the router will check to see if the link on which the packet was received is the shortest path to the source.
Page 58: Multicast Routing Protocols
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Multicast Routing Protocols This section gives a brief review of two multicast routing protocols – the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) and the Protocol Independent Multicast – Dense Mode (PIM-DM). Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) DVMRP was derived from the Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
Page 59 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide RIP specifies a few rules to improve performance and reliability. Once a router learns a route from another router, it must apply hysteresis, meaning that it does not replace the route with an equal cost route. In other words, to prevent oscillation among equal cost paths, RIP specifies that existing routes should be retained until a new route has a strictly lower cost.
Page 60: Rip Version 1 Message Format
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide RIP Version 1 Message Format RIP messages can be classified into two types: routing information messages and messages used to request information. Both use the same format which consist of a fixed header followed by and optional list of network and distance pairs. The message format used by version 1 is shown below.
Page 61: Rip Version 2 Extensions
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Update Response Update Acknowledgement Table 5-12. RIP Command Codes A router or host can ask another router for routing information by sending a request command. Routers reply to requests using the response command. In most cases, however, routers broadcast unsolicited response messages periodically. The field VERSION contains the protocol version number (1 in this case), and is used by the receiver to verify it will interpret the message correctly.
Page 62: Rip2 Message Format
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide RIP2 Message Format The message format used with RIP2 is an extension of the RIP1 format, with additional information occupying unused octets of the address field. In particular, each address includes an explicit next hop as well as an explicit subnet mask. Figure 5-18.
Page 63 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Consider, for example, a typical corporate intranet. Most use a hierarchy that consists of a high-speed backbone network with multiple routers each connecting the backbone to a workgroup, where each workgroup occupies a single LAN. Although the corporation can include dozens of workgroups, the span of the entire intranet is only 2.
Page 64: Configuring The Switch Using The Console Interface
Before You Start The DGS-3308 Layer 3 Switch supports a wide array of functions and gives great flexibility and increased network performance by eliminating the routing bottleneck between the WAN or Internet and the Intranet. Its function in a network can be thought of as a new generation of router that performs routing functions in hardware, rather than software.
Page 65: Vlan Layout
Layer 3 VLANs must be configured on the switch before they can be assigned IP subnets. Further, the static VLAN configuration is specified on a per port basis. On the DGS-3308, a VLAN can consist of end-nodes – just like a traditional layer 2 switch, but a VLAN can also consist of one or more layer 2 switches –...
Page 66: Connecting To The Switch
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Connecting to the Switch You can use the console interface by connecting the Switch to a VT100-compatible terminal or a computer running an ordinary terminal emulator program (e.g., the terminal program included with the Windows operating system) using an RS- 232C serial cable.
Page 67 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-1. Initial screen, first time connecting to the Switch Note: There is no initial username or password. Leave the username and password fields blank. Note: The Switch’s operational mode (Layer 3 or Layer 2) is displayed in the upper right-hand corner of every menu in the console.
Page 68: Setup User Accounts
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-2. Main Menu Note: The first user automatically gets Root privileges (See Table 6-1). It is recommended to create at least one Root-level user for the Switch. Setup User Accounts To create a new user account, highlight Setup User Accounts from the Main Menu and press Enter:...
Page 69: User Accounts Management
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-3. Main Menu Figure 6-4. Setup User Accounts screen User Accounts Management From the Main Menu, highlight Setup User Accounts and press Enter, then the Setup User Accounts menu appears.
Page 70: Save Changes
Switch. Save Changes The DGS-3308 has two levels of memory; normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM. Configuration changes are made effective by highlighting Apply and pressing Enter. When this is done, the settings will be immediately applied to the...
Page 71 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Some settings, though, require you to restart the switch before they will take effect. Restarting the Switch erases all settings in RAM and reloads the stored settings from the NV-RAM. Thus, it is necessary to save all setting changes to NV-RAM before rebooting the Switch.
Page 72: Reboot
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Once the Switch configuration settings have been saved to NV-RAM, they become the default settings for the switch. These settings will be used every time the Switch is rebooted. Reboot The only way to change the configuration stored in NV-RAM is to save a new configuration using Save Changes from the Main Menu or to execute a factory reset from the System Reboot menu (click Reboot on the Main Menu).
Page 73: Logging Onto The Switch Console
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-8. Reboot screen Highlight Yes and press Enter to complete the desired option from the System Reboot screen. Please note that if either the third or fourth choice is selected, all User Accounts (and other configuration settings) you may have entered will be erased and the Switch will return to the state it was in when it was purchased.
Page 74: Viewing Current User Accounts
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-9. Setup Users Accounts screen 1. Toggle the Action:<Add> field using the space bar to choose Add, Update, or Delete. 2. Type in the Username for the user account you wish to change and enter the Old Password for that user account.
Page 75: Deleting A User Account
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Highlight Setup User Accounts from the Main Menu. The current user accounts can be read from the Setup User Accounts screen that is displayed. Deleting a User Account To delete a user account: 1. Toggle the Action:<Add> field to Delete. 2.
Page 76: Switch Information
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Information Highlight Switch Information from the Main Menu and press Enter: Figure 6-11. Switch Information screen The Switch Information shows the type of switch (Layer 3), which (if any) external modules are installed, and the Switch’s MAC Address (assigned by the factory and unchangeable).
Page 77: Ip Setup
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-12. Power Supply and Cooling Fan Status screen IP Setup Some settings must be entered to allow the Switch to be managed from an SNMP-based Network Management System such as SNMP v1 or to be able to access the Switch using the Telnet protocol or the Web-based Manager. Please see the next chapter for Web-based network management information.
Page 78 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-13. IP Setup screen Configuring the Switch’s IP Address The Switch needs to have an IP address assigned to it so that an In-Band network management system (e.g. Web-based Manager or Telnet) client can find it on the network. The IP Setup screen allows you to change the settings for this management interface used on the Switch.
Page 79: Remote Management Setup
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Subnet Mask – A Bitmask that determines the extent of the subnet that the Switch is on. Should be of § the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is a number (represented in decimal) between 0 and 255. The value should be 255.0.0.0 for a Class A network, 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, and 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network, but custom subnet masks are allowed.
Page 80: Configure Ports
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Setup Trap Recipients Figure 6-15. Setup Trap Recipients screen Configure Ports Highlight Configure Ports from the Main Menu and press Enter:...
Page 81: Serial Port Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-16. Configure Ports screen To configure a specific port, toggle the Configure Port from [ ] to [ ] field until the appropriate port numbers appear. Toggle the State:< > field to either enable or disable a given port. Toggle the Speed/Duplex:<...
Page 82: Switch Operation Mode
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-17. Serial Port Settings screen The following fields can then be set: Baud Rate – Sets the serial bit rate that will be used to communicate the next time the Switch is restarted. Available speeds are 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400 and 57600 bits per second.
Page 83: Changing The Switch Operation Mode
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IP Routing with IEEE 802.1Q VLAN support: the switching process is based upon the IP source and destination addresses, if present. If the IP addresses are not present, the switching process is based upon the MAC addresses (as in Layer 2 above). 802.1Q VLANs are supported and the Switch is considered as a VLAN-tag aware device.
Page 84 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-19. Switch Mode Selection screen The field Select switch operation mode:< > can be toggled using the space bar to one of the two switch operation modes: Layer 2 Only, Support IEEE 802.1Q VLANs and IP Routing, Support IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. To make a change in the operation mode of the Switch effective, highlight APPLY and press Enter.
Page 85 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Settings – IP Routing Mode Once the Switch is configured for IP Routing (Layer 3 Switching), and rebooted, the Main Menu adds some functions compared to the Layer 2 Only mode. Figure 6-21. Main Menu – Layer 3 IP Routing Mode...
Page 86: Layer 2 Switch Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-22. Main Menu – Layer 2 Switching Mode Layer 2 Switch Settings Note: Layer 2 Switch functions and settings are also available when the Switch is configured to operate in the IP Routing (Layer 3) mode. To access the Layer 2 Switch Settings menu, highlight Layer 2 Switch Settings on the Switch Settings menu and press Enter:...
Page 87: Layer 3 Switch Mode - Setup Rip
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-23. Layer 2 Switch Settings screen The following fields can then be set: Switch GVRP: <Disabled> – Group VLAN Registration Protocol is a protocol that allows members to dynamically join VLANs. Switch GMRP: Disabled – Group Multicast Registration Protocol is a protocol that allows members to dynamically join Multicast groups.
Page 88 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-24. Setup Layer 3 – IP Networking menu Now highlight Setup RIP Configuration from the Setup Layer 3 IP Networking menu above and press Enter to access the following screen: Figure 6-25. Setup RIP Configuration screen...
Page 89: Advanced Setup
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ] – The name of the IP interface on which RIP is to be setup. This interface must be previously Interface name:[ configured on the Switch. TX Mode:<V2 Only> – Toggle among Disabled, V1 Only, V1 Compatible, and V2 Only. This entry specifies which version of the RIP protocol will be used to transmit RIP packets.
Page 90 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-26. VLAN Menu To create an 802.1Q VLAN, highlight Edit 802.1Q VLANs and press Enter: Figure 6-27. Edit 802.1Q VLANs menu To create an 802.1Q VLAN, toggle the Action: <Add/Modify> field to Add/Modify using the space bar. Enter a VLAN ID number in the VID:[ ] field and a name for the new VLAN in the VLAN Name:[ ] field.
Page 91 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Choose which ports will be members of the new VLAN and enter their membership status in the Membership (E/F/-): [ ][ ] field. The status indicators of the individual ports can be entered directly from the keyboard or toggled using the space bar.
Page 92 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-28. Edit 802.1Q VLANs menu Note: The default VLAN includes all of the ports on the Switch at first boot. As new VLANs are added, the member ports of the new VLAN are deleted from the default VLAN. To configure the member ports of an 802.1Q VLAN: Figure 6-29.
Page 93 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To configure the port settings of an 802.1Q VLAN, highlight Configure 802.1Q Port Settings and press Enter: Figure 6-30. Configure 802.1Q Port Settings screen Each port can be configured to use an Ingress Filter. The ports to be configured in a given session can be identified by either entering a range of port numbers or by entering the PVID#.
Page 94 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-31. VLAN Menu To edit an existing 802.1Q VLAN, highlight Edit 802.1Q VLANs and press Enter: Figure 6-32. Edit 802.1Q VLANs screen To edit an existing 802.1Q VLAN, highlight the Action:<Add/Modify> field and toggle between Add/Modify and Delete.
Page 95 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Delete mode, entire VLANs can be deleted. VLANs to be edited can be selected by either the VID:[ ] field or the VLAN ] fields. Enter either the VID or the VLAN Name for the 802.1Q VLAN you want to edit and press Enter. Name:[ Note: To delete an entire VLAN, toggle the Action:<Add/Modify>...
Page 96: Setting Up Ip Interfaces
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Ingress Filter – This enables the port to compare the VID tag of an incoming packet with the PVID number assigned to the port. If the two are different, the port filters (drops) the packet. GVRP –...
Page 97 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Sales 10.160.0.0 10.160.0.1 Backbone 10.192.0.0 10.192.0.1 Table 5-6. VLAN Example – Assigned IP Interfaces The 6 IP interfaces, each with an IP address (listed in the table above), and a subnet mask of 255.224.0.0 can be entered into the Setup IP Interface menu.
Page 98 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-34. Setup IP Interface screen Toggle the Action:<Add/Modify> field to Add/Modify. Choose a name for the interface to be added and enter it in the ] field. The corresponding VLAN ID must also be entered in the VID:[ ] field. Enter the interface’s Interface Name:[ IP address and subnet mask in the corresponding fields.
Page 99: Multicasting
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Multicasting Layer 2 Multicast Setup To access the Multicasting Menu, highlight Multicasting from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-35. Multicasting Menu IGMP Snooping Settings – by VLAN To Enable or Disable IGMP Snooping for a VLAN, highlight IGMP Snooping Settings, and press Enter.
Page 100 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-36. IGMP Snooping screen To edit a VLAN’s IGMP Snooping Settings: > – This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the space bar. Switch IGMP Snooping:< This enables or disables IGMP snooping for the selected VLAN. >...
Page 101: Ieee 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide address remain in the IGMP address table. The default value is 260 seconds. To set the age-out timer for an individual IGMP snooping entry, you must enter values in the Robustness Variable, Query Interval, and Max Response fields as the age-out value is arrived at by multiplying the first two figures and then adding the last value.
Page 102: Static Router Port
Routers do not implement IGMP snooping or transmit/forward IGMP report packets. Thus, forwarding all IP UDP multicast packets to a static router port on the DGS-3308 guarantees that all ports of a multicast-enabled router – attached to the DGS-3308– can reach all multicast group members through the attached router’s other ports.
Page 103: Layer 3 Multicasting
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide port of the Layer 3 switch would not be able to receive UDP data streams at all of its ports unless the UDP multicast packets were all forwarded to the router port. Note: A router port will be dynamically configured when IGMP query packets, RIPv2 multicast, DVMRP multicast, PIM-DM multicast packets are detected flowing into a port.
Page 104: Multicast Interface Configuration
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-40. IP Multicast Settings menu Multicast Interface Configuration To configure the multicast interface, highlight Multicast Interface Configuration and press Enter. Figure 6-41. Multicast Interface Configuration screen...
Page 105: Igmp Interface Configuration
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ] – Enter the name of the IP interface that is to be configured for multicasting in this Interface Name:[ field. This must be a previously configured IP interface. See Setting up IP Interfaces in Chapter 6 of this manual for more information.
Page 106: Dvmrp Interface Configuration
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ] – This is a tuning variable to allow for subnetworks that are expected to lose a large Robustness Var:[ number of packets. A value between 2 and 255 can be entered, with larger values being specified for subnetworks that are expected to lose larger numbers of packets IGMP Static Member Configuration To c onfigure IGMP static members, highlight IGMP Static Member Configuration on the IP Multicasting...
Page 107 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-44. DVMRP Interface Configuration screen ] – Enter the name of the IP interface for which DVMRP is to be configured in this Interface Name:[ field. This must be a previously defined IP interface. See Setting up IP Interfaces in Chapter 6 of this manual for more information.
Page 108 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ] – This field allows an entry between 1 and 255 and defines the route cost for the IP Route Metric:[1 interface. The DVMRP route metric is a relative number that represents the real cost of using this route in the construction of a multicast delivery tree.
Page 109: Static Router Port
Routers do not implement IGMP snooping or transmit/forward IGMP report packets. Thus, forwarding all IP UDP multicast packets to a static router port on the DGS-3308 guarantees that all ports of a multicast-enabled router – attached to the DGS-3308 – can reach all multicast group members through the attached router’s other ports.
Page 110 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Highlight Static Router Port Settings from the Multicasting Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-46. Static Router Port Setup screen Note: All IGMP Report packets will be forwarded to the router port. Note: IGMP queries (from the router port) will be flooded to all ports. Note: All UDP multicast packets will be forwarded to the router port.
Page 111: Mirroring
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Mirroring To configure a port for port mirroring, highlight Mirroring from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-47. Mirroring Menu To select the target port, highlight Target Port Selection and press Enter.
Page 112 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-48. Target Port Selection screen The target port is the port where information will be duplicated and sent for capture and network analysis. This is the port where a network analyzer would be attached to capture packets duplicated from the source port. To select the source port(s) for mirroring, highlight Port Mirroring Settings and press Enter.
Page 113: Priority
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Action:< > field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. Entries can be added, modified or deleted based upon the port number entered in the Source Port [ ] field. The Direction:<...
Page 114: Filtering
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Filtering Layer 2 Filtering Layer 2 Only switch operation mode. To enter a MAC address into the filtering table: Highlight Filtering from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-51. Filtering Menu Highlight MAC Address Filter and press Enter.
Page 115: Layer 3 (Ip Routing) Filtering
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-52. Setup MAC Address Filter screen The Action:< > field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. Enter the VLAN ID in the VID: [ ] field and the MAC address to be filtered in the MAC Address:[ ] field.
Page 116 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-53. Filtering Menu To enter a MAC address into the filtering table, highlight MAC Address Filter and press Enter. Figure 6-54. Setup MAC Address Filter screen The Action:< > field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. Enter the VLAN ID in the VID:[ ] field and the MAC address to be filtered in the MAC Address:[ ] field.
Page 117 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Source/Destination: < > field can be toggled between Src. (source), Dst. (destination), and Either. The MAC address entered into the filtering table can be filtered as a source (packets will not be received from the MAC address), as a destination (packets will not be transmitted to the MAC address), or as either a source or destination (packets will not be received from or transmitted to the MAC address.
Page 118: Forwarding
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Forwarding Layer 2 Forwarding Layer 2 Only switch operation mode To enter a MAC address into the switch’s forwarding table, highlight Forwarding from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-56. Forwarding Menu Highlight MAC Address Forwarding from the Forwarding Menu and press Enter.
Page 119: Ip Routing Forwarding
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-57. MAC Address Forwarding screen The Action:< > field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. Enter the VLAN ID in the ] field and the MAC address to be statically entered in the forwarding table in the MAC Address:[ ] field.
Page 120 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-58. Forwarding Menu Highlight MAC Address Forwarding and press Enter. Figure 6-59. MAC Address Forwarding screen The Action:< > field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. Enter the VLAN ID in the ] field and the MAC address to be statically entered in the forwarding table in the MAC Address:[ ] field.
Page 121: Ip Static Routes
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Highlight APPLY and press enter to make the changes current. Use Save Changes from the Main Menu to enter the changes into NV-RAM. IP Static Routes To enter a static IP route into the Switch’s forwarding table, highlight Static/Default Routes from the Forwarding Menu and press Enter.
Page 122: Spanning Tree
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-61. Setup Static ARP Entries screen The Action:< > field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. Enter the IP interface name in the Interface:[ ] field, the corresponding IP address in the IP Address:[ ] field, and the MAC address in the last field.
Page 123 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-62. Configure Spanning Tree screen Note: The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) operates on two levels: on the switch level, the settings are globally implemented. On the port level, the settings are implemented on a per user-defined Group basis.
Page 124: Port Group Spanning Tree Settings
Port Group Spanning Tree Settings In addition to setting Spanning Tree parameters for use on the switch level, the DGS-3308 allows for the configuration of groups of ports, each port-group of which will have its own spanning tree, and will require some of its own configuration settings.
Page 125: Port Trunking
– such as a server or server farm – to the backbone of a network. Note: The DGS-3308 allows the creation of up to 4 port trunk groups, each consisting of up to 4 links (ports). The aggregated links must be contiguous (they must have sequential port numbers) and all of the ports in the group must be members of the same VLAN.
Page 126 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Load balancing is automatically applied to the links in the port trunk group, and a link failure within the group causes the network traffic to be directed to the remaining links in the group. Note: The Spanning Tree Protocol will treat a port trunk group as a single link, on the switch level.
Page 127: Switch Utilities
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Utilities Layer 2 Switch Utilities To access the Switch Utilities menu, highlight Utilities from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-66. Switch Utilities menu Note: Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) services allow the switch firmware to be upgraded by transferring a new firmware file from a TFTP server to the switch.
Page 128: Download Configuration File From Tftp Server
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-67. Upgrade Firmware from TFTP Server screen Enter the server IP address and the path and filename of the firmware file on the server. Note that in many instances the firmware file is in the root directory of the C drive of the server. Note: The TFTP server must be running TFTP server software to perform the file transfer.
Page 129: Upload Configuration File To Tftp Server
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-68. Download Configuration File from TFTP Server screen Enter the IP address of the server and specify the location of the switch configuration file on the server. Highlight APPLY and press Enter record the IP address of the server. Use Save Changes from the Main Menu to enter the address into NV-RAM Highlight START and press Enter to initiate the file transfer.
Page 130: Save Log To Tftp Server
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-69. Upload Configuration File to TFTP Server screen Enter the IP address of the server and the path and filename of the settings file on the server and press APPLY. Save Log to TFTP Server To save a history log to a TFTP server, highlight Save Log to TFTP Server on the Switch Utilities menu and press Enter.
Page 131: Ping
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-70. Save Log to TFTP Server screen Enter the IP address of the server and the path and filename for the history log on the server. Highlight APPLY and press Enter to make the changes current. Ping To test the connection with another network device using Ping, highlight Ping Test on the Switch Utilities menu and press Enter.
Page 132: Layer 3 Utilities
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-71. Ping screen Enter the IP address of the network device to be Pinged and the number of test packets to be sent (3 is usually enough). Highlight START and press Enter to initiate the Ping program. Layer 3 Utilities Layer 3 (IP Routing) switch operation mode adds BOOTP/DHCP Relay and DNS Relay to the utilities available on the Switch.
Page 133 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-72. Switch Utilities menu Highlight BOOTP/DHCP Relay on the Switch Utilities menu and press Enter. Figure 6-73. BOOTP/DHCP Relay screen Toggle between Enabled and Disabled in the first field. The BootP hops count limit allows the maximum number of hops (routers) that the BootP messages can be relayed through to be set.
Page 134: Dns Relay
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide limit, the packet is dropped. The range is between 1 and 16 hops, with a default value of 4. The relay time threshold sets the minimum time (in seconds) that the Switch will wait before forwarding a BOOTREQUEST packet. If the value in the seconds field of the packet is less than the relay time threshold, the packet will be dropped.
Page 135 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-75. DNS Relay screen The DNSR Status <Disabled> can be toggled between Disabled and Enabled using the space bar. Toggle the field to Enabled, enter the IP address of Name Server 1 and Name Server 2, if so desired. The DNSR Cache Status:<Disabled>...
Page 136: Network Monitoring
IP address. Highlight APPLY and press Enter to make the change current. Use Save Changes to enter the table into NV-RAM. Network Monitoring The DGS-3308 provides extensive network monitoring capabilities. Layer 2 Network Monitoring To display the network data compiled by the Switch, highlight Network Monitoring on the Main Menu and press...
Page 137: Port Utilization
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-77. Network Monitoring Menu Port Utilization To view the port utilization, highlight Port Utilization on the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-78. Port Utilization screen...
Page 138: Port Error Packets
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Port Utilization screen shows the number of packets transmitted and received per second and calculates the percentage of the total available bandwidth being used on the port (displayed under %Util.). The Interval:<2 sec> field can be toggled from 2 seconds to 1 minute, or Suspend.
Page 139: Mac Address Forwarding Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-80. Port Packet Analysis screen In addition to the size of packets received or transmitted by the selected port, statistics on the number of unicast, multicast, and broadcast packets are displayed. Enter the port number of the port to be viewed. The Interval:<2 sec> field can be toggled from 2 seconds to 1 minute, or Suspend.
Page 140: Igmp Snooping
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-81. Browse MAC Address Table screen The Browse By:<ALL > field can be toggled between ALL, MAC address, Port, and VLAN. This sets a filter to determine which MAC addresses from the forwarding table are displayed. ALL specifies no filter. To search for a particular MAC address, t oggle the Browse By:<ALL >...
Page 141: Switch History
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-82. IGMP Snooping screen Switch History To view the switch history log, highlight Switch History from the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-83. Switch History screen...
Page 142: Layer 3 Network Monitoring
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 3 Network Monitoring When the Switch is in Layer 3 (IP Routing) mode, several items are added to the Network Monitoring Menu. The following items are added to the Network Monitoring Menu when the Switch is in Layer 3 (IP Routing) mode: Browse IP Address Routing Table...
Page 143: Ip Routing Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-85. Browse IP Address screen To display a particular IP address, enter the IP address in the Jump to IP Address:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press Enter. IP Routing Table To view the contents of the routing table, highlight Routing Table on the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter.
Page 144: Arp Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-86. Routing Table screen To display a particular Destination IP address, enter the IP address in the Jump to Destination Address:[0.0.0.0] field, the gateway address in the Gateway:[0.0.0.0] field, and the subnet mask in the Mask:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press Enter.
Page 145: Browse Router Port
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-87. ARP Table screen To display a particular IP interface or an IP address, enter the IP interface name in the Jump to Interface Name:[ ] field and the IP address in the IP Address:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press Enter. Highlighting CLEAR TABLE and pressing Enter will empty the table.
Page 146: Ip Multicast Forwarding Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-88. Browse Router Port screen To display a particular router port, enter the VLAN ID number in the Jump to VID:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and then press Enter. IP Multicast Forwarding Table To view the IP multicast forwarding table: Highlight IP Multicast Forwarding Table from the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter.
Page 147: Igmp Group Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-89. Browse IP Multicast Forwarding Table screen To display a particular multicast group, enter the IP address in the Jump to Multicast Group:[0.0.0.0] field, the source IP address in the Source IP:[0.0.0.0] field, and the source subnet mask in the Source Mask:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press Enter.
Page 148: Dvmrp Routing Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-90. IGMP Group Table screen To display an IGMP Group Table, enter the name of the routing interface in the Jump to Interface Name:[0.0.0.0] and the Multicast Group in the second field, highlight GO, and press Enter. DVMRP Routing Table To view the DVMRP routing table, highlight DVMRP Routing Table from the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter.
Page 149: Reboot And Factory Reset
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-91. DVMRP Routing Table screen To display a particular source IP address, enter the IP address in the Jump to IP Address:[0.0.0.0] field, the source subnet mask in the Source Mask:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press Enter. Highlighting CLEAR TABLE and pressing Enter will empty the table.
Page 150 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-92. Reboot menu The reboot options are as follows: Reboot simply restarts the switch. Any configuration settings not saved using Save Changes from the Main Menu will be lost. The Switch’s configuration will be restored to the last configuration saved in NV-RAM. Save Configuration &...
Page 151 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-93. Reboot screen To reboot the Switch, in the mode entered above, highlight Yes and press Enter. Note: The factory defaults for the DGS-3308 are listed in Appendix D of this manual.
Page 152: Web-Based Network Management
Before You Start The DGS-3308 Gigabit Ethernet Layer 3 Switch supports a wide array of functions and gives great flexibility and increased network performance by eliminating the routing bottleneck between the WAN or Internet and the Intranet. Its function in a network can be thought of as a new generation of router that performs routing functions in hardware, rather than software.
Page 153: Vlan Layout
Layer 3 VLANs must be configured on the switch before they can be assigned IP subnets. Further, the static VLAN configuration is specified on a per port basis. On the DGS-3308, a VLAN can consist of end-nodes – just like a traditional layer 2 switch, but a VLAN can also consist of one or more layer 2 switches –...
Page 154: Getting Started
Existing WAN or Internet connections will probably have a router to connect the interface device to the network. This router can be connected to the DGS-3308 using a port designated as a ‘router port’. Designating a port as a router port allows multicasting messages to be passed to the router with a WAN or Internet connection without flooding these messages throughout the network.
Page 155 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-3. User Accounts Control Table – Add screen 1. Enter the new user name, assign an initial password, and then confirm the new password. Determine whether the new user should have Root, User+, or User privileges. 2.
Page 156: Saving Changes
Switch. Saving Changes The DGS-3308 has two levels of memory; normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM. Configuration changes are made effective by clicking Apply and then pressing Save Changes on the Maintenance menu. When this is done, the settings will be immediately applied to the switching software in RAM, and will immediately take effect.
Page 157: Using Web-Based Management
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-5. Factory Reset to Default Value screen Select Yes if you want the Switch to retain its current IP address. Select No to reset the Switch’s IP address to the factory default, 10.90.90.90. Click the Reset to Factory Default button to restart the Switch.
Page 158: Setting A Default Gateway
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 1. Starting at the main window of the User Interface, click Configuration and then press Switch IP Setup. 2. Enter the IP address, the subnet mask, and the management VD in the fields offered. 3.
Page 159 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-6. Save Changes screen Starting and Stopping the Web-based Manager Do the following to use the Web-based manager: 1. Start a Java-enabled Web browser from any machine with network access to the Switch. (Preferred browsers include Netscape Navigator 4.0 or above, or Internet Explorer 4.0 or above.) 2.
Page 160: Configuration
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Areas of the User Interface The figure below shows the user interface. The user interface is divided into 3 distinct areas. Area 2 Area 1 Area 3 Figure 7-8. Main Web Manager screen Area Function Presents a graphical near real-time image of the front panel of the Switch.
Page 161 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 162 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 2 Mode...
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Page 164 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 165: Switch Ip Setup
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch IP Setup Use the IP Setup window to set the boot-up option, or to manually configure the IP address for the agent module. The window shown below is described below in the following table. Figure 7-9.
Page 166: Power Supply & Cooling Fan Status
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-10. Switch Information – Basic Settings screen Items on the screen above include: Device Type – Type of Switch. MAC Address – The factory assigns each Switch a unique MAC address. Boot PROM Version – Device startup code. Firmware Version –...
Page 167: Configure Ports
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-11. Power Supply & Cooling Fan Status screen Configure Ports You can select a port to be configured by clicking on the port at the top of the Web-based manager’s user interface. This port then becomes the currently selected port and all entries in the following figure will apply to this port.
Page 168: Switch Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Flow Control – Allows flow control to be Enabled or Disabled for the selected port. Configure Port from 1 to – Select the port range to be configured. Switch Settings The Switch can operate in one of two modes: Layer 2 Only with IEEE 802.1Q VLAN support –...
Page 169: Configure Layer 3 - Ip Networking
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 2 Switch Settings Note: Layer 2 Switch functions and settings are also available when the Switch is configured to operate in the IP Routing (Layer 3) mode. Figure 7-14. Layer 2 Switch Settings screen Items on the screen above include: Broadcast/Multicast Storm Mode –...
Page 170 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Rx Mode – Displays whether received RIP packets will be interpreted as RIP version Rip V1, Rip V2, V1 and V2, or Disable. This entry specifies which version of the RIP protocol will be used to receive RIP packets. The Disable entry prevents the reception of RIP packets.
Page 171 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Note: A VLAN that does not have a corresponding IP interface defined for it, will function as a Layer 2 Only VLAN – regardless of the Switch Operation mode. Figure 7-17. Setup IP Interface screen Items on the screen above include: Interface Name –...
Page 172: Vlans
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Interface Name – A name given to identify this IP interface. IP Address – The IP address of this IP interface (sometimes referred to as a network address). Subnet Mask – The subnet mask for this IP interface. VID –...
Page 173: Q Port Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-20. 802.1Q Static VLANs Entry Settings – Edit screen Items on the screen above include: VLAN (VID) – The VLAN ID of the VLAN that is being created. VLAN Name – The name of the VLAN that is being created. Port –...
Page 174 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port VLAN ID (PVID) The Port VLAN ID is used by the port to tag outgoing, untagged packets, and to make filtering decisions about incoming packets. If the port is specified as tagging, and an untagged packet if forwarded to the port for transmission, the port will add an 802.1Q tag using the PVID to write the VID in the tag.
Page 175: Multicasting
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port GVRP Settings The following read-only window is used to configure the Port Group VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) on the Switch. Figure 7-24. Port GVRP Settings screen Items on the screen above include: Port – The number of the port for which GVRP is to be Enabled or Disabled. GVRP –...
Page 176: Igmp Snooping Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-26. Setup IEEE 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding screen Items on the screen above include: MAC Address – The MAC address of the static source of multicast packets. VID – The VLAN ID of the VLAN the above MAC address belongs to. PortMap/State –...
Page 177 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch IGMP Snooping – This enables or disables IGMP snooping on the Switch. Querier State – Select the version number of the IGMP to be used for the IP interface from the drop-down list. Query Interval –...
Page 178 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-29. IGMP Interface Configuration screen Items on the screen above include: Interface Name – The name of the IP interface (previously defined) on the switch for which a multicast interface is to be configured. IP Address –...
Page 179 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Interface – The name of the IP interface that the IGMP static member belongs to. IGMP Static Group – The IP address of the IGMP static group. Port Members – The ports that comprise the IGMP static group. State –...
Page 180 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-32. DVMRP Interface Configuration screen Items on the screen above include: Interface Name – The name of the IP interface (previously defined) on the Switch for which a multicast interface is to be configured. IP Address –...
Page 181 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-33. PIMDM Interface Configuration screen Items on the screen above include: Interface Name – The name of the IP interface (previously defined) on the switch for which a multicast interface is to be configured. IP Address –...
Page 182: Priority
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide VID – The VLAN ID of the VLAN the static router port resides on. Port Members – The ports that are set up as static router ports. New – A link to the Static Router Port Settings – Add window. Delete –...
Page 183: Mirroring
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide MAC Address Priority Figure 7-36. Setup MAC Address Priority screen Items on the screen above include: Add an Entry VID – The VLAN ID of the VLAN on which the MAC address above resides. MAC Address –...
Page 184 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Target Port Selection window can be used to designate a single RJ-45 port pair for mirroring as shown below: Target Port Selection The following window is used to select a target port. A target port in a port mirroring pair is the port that will receive packets that are duplicated at the mirror port.
Page 185: Spanning Tree Protocol
STP Group Configuration Figure 7-39. STP Group Configuration screen The DGS-3308 allows you to configure Spanning Tree Groups that consist of a group of ports that will be handled as though they were a single spanning tree device. Note: This function is available only when the Switch is in IP Routing mode.
Page 186 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-40. STP Group Configuration – Add screen Items on the screen above include: Group Name – The group name of the Spanning Tree group to be added. Status – Allows STP to be Enabled or Disabled. Max Age: [6..40 sec] –...
Page 187 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Priority:[0..65535] – Device priority used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STP root device. The lower the numeric value, the higher the priority. If all devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will become the root device.
Page 188: Stp Port Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-41. STP Group Configuration - Edit screen Items on the screen above include: Group Name – The group name of the Spanning Tree group being edited. Status – Allows STP to be Enabled or Disabled. Max Age: [6..40 sec] –...
Page 189: Port Trunking
Port trunks can be used to increase the bandwidth of a network connection or to ensure fault recovery. You can configure up to 4 trunk connections (combining 2 to 8 ports into a fat pipe) between any two DGS-3308 or other Layer 2 switches.
Page 190: Forwarding
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Enable the trunk prior to connecting any cable between the switches to avoid creating a data loop. Disconnect all trunk port cables or disable the trunk ports before removing a port trunk to avoid creating a data loop.
Page 191: Mac Forwarding
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide MAC Forwarding Figure 7-44. MAC Address Forwarding screen Items on the screen above include: Add an Entry MAC Address – The MAC address to which packets will be statically forwarded. VID – The VLAN ID number of the VLAN to which the above MAC address belongs. PortMap –...
Page 192 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IP Address – Displays the IP addresses statically entered into the IP forwarding table. Subnet Mask – Displays the corresponding subnet mask for the IP address above. Gateway IP – Displays the corresponding IP address of the next hop gateway for the IP address above. Metric –...
Page 193: Filtering
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-47. Static ARP screen Items on the screen above include: Interface Name – Displays the IP interface on which the IP address previously entered into the static ARP table resides. Interface IP – Displays the corresponding network address or IP address of the IP interface name above. IP Address –...
Page 194: Mac Filtering
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide MAC Filtering Figure 7-49. Setup MAC Address Filter screen Items on the screen above include: Add an Entry VID – The VLAN ID number of the VLAN on which the MAC address above resides. MAC Address –...
Page 195: Bootp/Dhcp Relay
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-50. Filter Address Setup screen Filter Address Table Items on the screen above include: IP Address – The IP address that is to be filtered on the Switch. Src/Dst – Select how you want packets to be dropped by the Switch. The options are: Dst – destination address, Scr –...
Page 196 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-51. BOOTP/DHCP Relay screen Items on the screen above include: BOOTP/DHCP Relay Status – Allows the BootP/DHCP relay function to be Enabled or Disabled. BOOTP HOPS Count Limit – Allows the maximum number of hops (routers) that the BootP messages can be relayed through to be set.
Page 197: Dns Relay
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Interface Name – The subnet name, or IP interface name, of the network that the BOOTP server is located on. BOOTP/DHCP Server – The IP address of the BOOTP/DHCP relay server. Multiple servers may be entered for a given subnet name (IP interface name).
Page 198: Remote Management Setup
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following window is used to set up the static DNS Relay function on the Switch. Figure 7-54. Static DNS Relay Setup screen Items on the screen above include: Domain Name – The host name of the IP address, for example, “accounting.dlink”. IP Address –...
Page 199: Snmp Community Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-55. Management Station IP Settings screen The item on the screen above is: IP Address – The IP address of the management station that you want to give access to the switch’s management agent. Entering an IP address in this menu will block access by an IP address not listed in this table. SNMP Community Settings Use the Community Strings screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
Page 200: Setup Trap Receivers
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Rights – Specifies the level of access for an authorized user. The levels can be Read, for read only, or R/W, for read-write. Status – Specifies whether the current string is Valid or Invalid. This is used to temporarily limit access to the Switch’s SNMP agent.
Page 201 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Items on the screen above include: User Name – The name given to identify the user account. Access Level – Indicates the access level: Root, User+, or User. New – A link to the Setup User Account - Add window. Pointer Icon –...
Page 202: Serial Port Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Enter the old password, the new password, and then confirm the new password. Determine whether the new user should have Root, User+, or User privileges. Click on Apply to make the user addition effective. A listing of all user accounts and access levels is shown on the Setup User Accounts table.
Page 203: Network Monitoring
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Time Out – Specifies length of time a Telnet session can be idle. When this time has expired, the Switch will disconnect the user. The default value is 10 minutes. Sessions – The number of Telnet sessions ranges from 1 to 4. Network Monitoring The Networking Monitoring menu has been divided into three main sections: Statistics, Address Table, and Applications.
Page 204 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-63. Port Error Packet screen Items on the screen above include: Update Interval – The interval (in seconds) that the table is updated. The default is Suspend. Rx Received packets CRC Error – For 10 Mbps ports, the counter records CRC errors (FCS or alignment errors). For 100 Mbps ports, the counter records the sum of CRC errors and code errors (frames received with rxerror signal).
Page 205: Port Packet Analysis
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Drop Pkts – The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to a lack of resources. Tx – Transmitted packets. ExDefer – The number of frames for which the first transmission attempt on a particular interface was delayed because the medium was busy.
Page 206 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Frame Size/Type – The size in octets (bytes) of frames transferred through the switch. Frames – The total number of frames transferred through the switch of the corresponding size indicated. Frames/sec – The number of frames per second transferred through the switch of the corresponding size indicated.
Page 207: Address Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Address Table The following section describes how to browse the Switch’s address tables. Browse MAC Address Table The Web Manager allows the Switch’s MAC address table (sometimes referred to as a forwarding table) to be viewed.
Page 208: Ip Address Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-66. Browse MAC Address Table screen Items on the screen above include: MAC Address Aging Time (10...1000000 sec) – Specifies the length of time a learned MAC Address will remain in the forwarding table without being accessed (that is, how long a learned MAC Address is allowed to remain idle).
Page 209: Routing Table
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-67. IP Address Table screen To display a particular IP address, enter the IP address in the Jump to IP Address field and click GO. Routing Table The Web Manager allows you to view the contents of the routing table.
Page 210 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-68. Routing Table screen To display a particular Destination IP address, enter the IP address, netmask, and default gateway in the three fields above and then click Go. Clicking Clear Table will empty the table. ARP Table The Web Manager allows you to view the ARP table.
Page 211: Applications
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-69. ARP Table screen To browse the ARP table, enter the IP interface name in the first field, the IP address in the second field, and then click Go. Clicking Clear Table will empty the table. Applications The following figures and tables describe the applications available when using the Web-based manager.
Page 212 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-70. GVRP Status screen Browse Router Port A static router port is simply a port that has a router attached to it. Generally, this router would have a connection to a WAN or to the Internet. Establishing a router port allows multicast packets coming from the router to be propagated throughout the network, as well as allowing multicast messages coming from the network to be propagated to the attached router.
Page 213 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port Members – Ports that are router ports, both statically and dynamically assigned. IGMP Snooping The Switch’s IGMP snooping table can be browsed using the Web Manager. The table is displayed by VLAN IP (VID). Figure 7-72.
Page 214 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IGMP Group Table The Web Manager allows you to display an IGMP Group Table. Figure 7-74. IGMP Group Table screen To display an IGMP group table, enter name of the routing interface and the IP address of the multicast group in the first two fields and then click Go.
Page 215: Maintenance
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-76. Switch History screen Items on the screen above include: Sequence # – A counter incremented whenever an entry to the switch’s history log is made. The table displays the last entry (highest sequence number) first. Time –...
Page 216: Upgrade Firmware From Tftp Server
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Upgrade Firmware from TFTP Server Note: The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the Switch. The following figure and table describe how to update the Switch’s firmware from a server. Figure 7-77.
Page 217: Save Log To Tftp Server
Path and File Name – The full file name, including path, of the history file on the TFTP server. Save Changes The DGS-3308 has two levels of memory, normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM. To retain any configuration changes permanently, highlight Save Changes on the Maintenance menu. The following...
Page 218: Factory Reset
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-81. Save Changes screen Once the Switch configuration settings have been saved to NV-RAM, they become the default settings for the Switch. These settings will be used every time the Switch is rebooted. Factory Reset The following menu is used to restart the Switch using only the configuration that was supplied by the factory.
Page 219: Restart System
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Restart System The following menu is used to restart (reboot) the Switch. Click Yes to save the current Switch configuration to non-volatile RAM (flash RAM), or No if you want to restart the Switch using the last-saved (previous) configuration. Click the Restart button to restart the Switch.
Page 220: Technical Specifications
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ECHNICAL PECIFICATIONS General Standards: IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T Ethernet (DGS-3308TG) IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet (DGS-3308TG) IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet (DGS-3308FG) IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet (DGS-3308TG) IEEE 802.1 P/Q VLAN IEEE 802.3x Full-duplex Flow Control ANSI/IEEE 802.3 NWay auto-negotiation Protocols: CSMA/CD...
Page 221: Physical And Environmental
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide General 1000BASE-LX: 50µm and 62.5µm multi-mode fiber or 10µm single- mode fiber IEC 793-2:1992 Fiber Optic: Type A1a - 50/125um multimode Type A1b - 62.5/125um multimode Both types use SC optical connectors Number of Ports: 8 Gigabit Ethernet (including 2 GBIC-based) Physical and Environmental AC inputs:...
Page 222 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Performance Forwarding Table Age Time: Max age: 10–1000000 seconds. Default = 300. IP Address 2K per device...
Page 223: Pin Specification
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide RJ-45 P PECIFICATION When connecting the Switch to another switch, a bridge or a hub, a normal cable is necessary. Please review the following for matching cable pin assignment. Figure B-1. The standard RJ-45 receptacle/connector RJ-45 Connector pin assignment Contact Media Direct Interface...
Page 224: Runtime Switching Software Default Settings
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide UNTIME WITCHING OFTWARE EFAULT ETTINGS Load Mode Ethernet Switch Operation Mode Layer 2 Configuration update Disable Firmware update Disable Configuration file name None Firmware file name None Out-of-band baud rate 9600 RS232 mode Console IP address 10.90.90.90 Subnet mask...
Page 225: Understanding And Troubleshooting The Spanning Tree Protocol
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide NDERSTANDING AND ROUBLESHOOTING THE PANNING ROTOCOL When the spanning-tree algorithm determines a port should be transitioned to the forwarding state, the following occurs: The port is put into the listening state where it receives BPDUs and passes them to the Switch’s CPU. BPDU packets from the CPU are processed.
Page 226: Listening State
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Listening State The listening state is the first transition for a port from the blocking state. Listening is an opportunity for the switch to receive BPDUs that may tell the switch that the port should not continue to transition to the forwarding state, but should return to the blocking state (that is, a different port is a better choice).
Page 227: Learning State
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Learning State A port in the learning state prepares to participate in frame forwarding. The port enters the learning state from the listening state. A port in the learning state does the following: Discards frames received from the network segment to which it is attached. Discards packets sent from another port on the switch for forwarding.
Page 228: Disabled State
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide A port in the forwarding state does the following: Forwards packets received from the network segment to which it is attached. Forwards packets sent from another port on the switch for forwarding. Incorporates station location information into its address database. Receives BPDUs and directs them to the system CPU.
Page 229: Troubleshooting Stp
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Does not add addresses to its forwarding database. Receives BPDUs, but does not direct them to the system CPU. Does not receive BPDUs for transmission from the system CPU. Receives and responds to network management messages. Troubleshooting STP Spanning Tree Protocol Failure A failure in the STA generally leads to a bridging loop.
Page 230: Full/Half Duplex Mismatch
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In this example, B has been elected as the designated bridge and port 2 on C is in the blocking state. The election of B as the designated bridge is determined by the exchange of BPDUs between B and C. B had a better BPDU than C. B continues sending BPDUs advertising its superiority over the other bridges on this LAN.
Page 231: Unidirectional Link
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In the above example, port 1 on B is configured as a full-duplex port and port 1 on A is either configured as a half-duplex port, or left in auto-negotiation mode. Because port 1 on B is configured as a full-duplex port, it does not do the carrier sense when accessing the link.
Page 232: Identifying A Data Loop
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide converge. If the CPU is over-utilized, it is possible that BPDUs may not be sent in a timely fashion. STP is generally not very CPU intensive and is given priority over other processes, so this type of error is rare. It can be seen that very low values for the MAX AGE and the FORWARD DELAY can result in an unstable spanning tree.
Page 233 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide This is a common network design. The switches C and D have redundant links to the backbone switches A and B using trunks. Trunks, by default, carry all the VLAN traffic from VLAN 1 and VLAN 2. So switch C is not only receiving traffic for VLAN 1, but it is also receiving unnecessary broadcast and multicast traffic for VLAN 2.
Page 234 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In this example, the VLAN definitions are extended to switches A and B. This gives only a single blocked port per VLAN and allows the removal of all redundant links by removing switch A or B from the network. Impact of Layer 3 Switching.
Page 235 8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Using layer 3 switches and IP routing eliminates the need for STP port blocking because the packets are routed by destination addresses. The link redundancy remains, and relying on the routing protocols gives a faster convergence than with STP.
Page 236: Brief Review Of Bitwise Logical Operations
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide RIEF EVIEW OF ITWISE OGICAL PERATIONS The logical operation compares 2 bits and if they are both “ then the result is otherwise, the result is 1”, “1”, “0”. The logical operation compares 2 bits and if either or both bits are then the result is otherwise, the result is “1”,...
Page 237: Index
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide NDEX Forward Delay............33, 180, 182 Forwarding ................18, 184 Fragments ................199 AC inputs ................216 AC power cord................7 Front Panel................10 Add a Static Router Port ..........172, 175 Add IP Interface ..............164 Address Table ................202 gateway router................16 Aging Time, definition of............18 Gigabit Ethernet................6 Aging Time, range of...............18...
Page 238: Rj-45 Pin Specification
8-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User’s Guide NV-RAM................62, 149 Static ARP ................186 Statis tics ..................198 Storage Temperature..............216 Operating Temperature............216 Store and forward switching.............4 Out-of-Band/Console Setting menu........72 STP Port Settings ..............183 Oversize...................199 Subnet Mask................70 Switch History ................209 Switch Operation Mode ............161 password ...................58 System Information..............158 Port Configuration..............160 Port Error Packets ..............198...
Page 239 E-MAIL: service@dlink.india.com Italy D-Link Mediterraneo Srl/D-Link Italia Via Nino Bonnet n. 6/b, 20154, Milano, Italy TEL: 39-02-2900-0676 FAX: 39-02-2900-1723 URL: www.dlink.it E-MAIL: info@dlink.it Japan D-Link Japan 10F, 8-8-15 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan TEL: 81-3-5434-9678 FAX: 81-3-5434-9868 URL: www.d-link.co.jp E-MAIL: kida@d-link.co.jp...
Page 240 South Africa D-Link South Africa 102 – 106 Witchhazel Avenue, Einstein Park 2, Block B, Highveld Technopark, Centurion, South Africa TEL: 27 (0) 12-665-2165 FAX: 27 (0) 12-665-2186 URL: www.d-link.co.za E-MAIL: attie@d-link.co.za Spain D-Link Iberia Gran Via de Carlos III, 843º Edificio Trade, 08028 Barcelona, Spain TEL: 34 93 4965751 FAX: 34 93 4965701 URL: www.dlinkiberia.es...
Page 241: Registration Card
8. What category best describes your company? oAerospace oEngineering oEducation oFinance oHospital oLegal oInsurance/Real Estate oManufacturing oRetail/Chainstore/Wholesale oGovernment oTransportation/Utilities/Communication oVAR oSystem house/company oOther________________________________ 9. Would you recommend your D-Link product to a friend? oYes oNo oDon't know yet 10.Your comments on this product? __________________________________________________________________________________________...

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