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D-Link DFL-210-WCF-12 User Manual

D-Link DFL-210-WCF-12 User Manual (552 pages)

Network Security Firewall NetDefendOS Version 2.27.03

Brand: D-Link | Category: Firewall | Size: 9.21 MB

Table of Contents

User Manual
2
Table of Contents
4
Preface
14
- Example Notation
  14
1 Netdefendos Overview

16
- Features
  16
- Netdefendos Architecture
  19
  - State-Based Architecture
    19
  - Netdefendos Building Blocks
    19
  - Basic Packet Flow
    20
- Netdefendos State Engine Packet Flow
  23
- Packet Flow Schematic Part I
  23
- Packet Flow Schematic Part II
  24
- Packet Flow Schematic Part III
  25
- Expanded Apply Rules Logic
  26
2 Management and Maintenance

28
- Managing Netdefendos
  28
  - Overview
    28
  - The Default Administrator Account
    29
  - The Web Interface
    30
  - Enabling Remote Management Via HTTPS
    33
  - The CLI
    34
  - Enabling SSH Remote Access
    39
  - CLI Scripts
    43
  - Secure Copy
    46
  - The Console Boot Menu
    48
  - Management Advanced Settings
    50
  - Working with Configurations
    51
  - Listing Configuration Objects
    51
  - Displaying a Configuration Object
    52
  - Editing a Configuration Object
    53
  - Adding a Configuration Object
    53
  - Deleting a Configuration Object
    54
  - Undeleting a Configuration Object
    54
  - Listing Modified Configuration Objects
    55
  - Activating and Committing a Configuration
    55
- Events and Logging
  57
  - Overview
    57
  - Log Messages
    57
  - Creating Log Receivers
    58
  - Logging to Memorylogreceiver
    58
  - Logging to Syslog Hosts
    58
  - Enable Logging to a Syslog Host
    59
  - SNMP Traps
    60
  - Advanced Log Settings
    61
- RADIUS Accounting
  62
  - Overview
    62
  - RADIUS Accounting Messages
    62
  - Interim Accounting Messages
    64
  - Activating RADIUS Accounting
    64
  - RADIUS Accounting Security
    64
  - RADIUS Accounting and High Availability
    64
  - Handling Unresponsive Servers
    65
  - Accounting and System Shutdowns
    65
  - Limitations with NAT
    65
  - RADIUS Advanced Settings
    65
  - RADIUS Accounting Server Setup
    66
- Hardware Monitoring
  67
- SNMP Monitoring
  69
  - SNMP Advanced Settings
    70
  - Enabling SNMP Monitoring
    70
- The Pcapdump Command
  72
- Maintenance
  75
3 Fundamentals

80
- The Address Book
  80
  - Overview
    80
  - IP Addresses
    80
  - Adding an IP Host
    81
  - Adding an IP Network
    81
  - Adding an IP Range
    81
  - Ethernet Addresses
    82
  - Deleting an Address Object
    82
  - Adding an Ethernet Address
    82
  - Address Groups
    83
  - Auto-Generated Address Objects
    84
  - Address Book Folders
    84
- Services
  85
  - Overview
    85
  - Creating Custom Services
    86
  - Viewing a Specific Service
    86
  - ICMP Services
    89
  - Creating a Custom TCP/UDP Service
    89
  - Custom IP Protocol Services
    91
  - Service Groups
    91
  - Adding an IP Protocol Service
    91
  - Custom Service Timeouts
    92
- Interfaces
  93
  - Overview
    93
  - Ethernet Interfaces
    95
  - Enabling Dhcp
    100
  - Vlan
    101
- VLAN Connections
  103
  - Defining a VLAN
    104
    
    Pppoe
    105
    
    Configuring a Pppoe Client
    107
    
    GRE Tunnels
    107
    
    Creating an Interface Group
    111
    
    Interface Groups
    111
  - Arp
    112
    
    Overview
    112
    
    The Netdefendos ARP Cache
    112
    
    Displaying the ARP Cache
    113
    
    Flushing the ARP Cache
    113
    
    Creating ARP Objects
    114
    
    Defining a Static ARP Entry
    114
    
    Using ARP Advanced Settings
    116
- An ARP Publish Ethernet Frame
  116
  - ARP Advanced Settings Summary
    117
  - IP Rule Sets
    121
    
    Security Policies
    121
- Simplified Netdefendos Traffic Flow
  123
  - IP Rule Evaluation
    124
  - IP Rule Actions
    125
  - Editing IP Rule Set Entries
    126
  - IP Rule Set Folders
    126
  - Adding an Allow IP Rule
    126
  - Configuration Object Groups
    127
  - Schedules
    131
  - Setting up a Time-Scheduled Policy
    132
  - Certificates
    133
    
    Overview
    133
    
    Certificates in Netdefendos
    134
    
    Associating Certificates with Ipsec Tunnels
    135
    
    CA Certificate Requests
    135
    
    Uploading a Certificate
    135
  - Date and Time
    137
    
    Overview
    137
    
    Setting Date and Time
    137
    
    Setting the Current Date and Time
    137
    
    Enabling DST
    138
    
    Setting the Time Zone
    138
    
    Time Servers
    138
    
    Enabling Time Synchronization Using SNTP
    139
    
    Manually Triggering a Time Synchronization
    140
    
    Modifying the Maximum Adjustment Value
    140
    
    Enabling the D-Link NTP Server
    141
    
    Forcing Time Synchronization
    141
    
    Settings Summary for Date and Time
    141
  - Dns
    144
  - Configuring DNS Servers
    144
4 Routing

147
- Overview
  147
- Static Routing
  148
  - The Principles of Routing
    148
- A Typical Routing Scenario
  149
- Using Local IP Address with an Unbound Network
  151
  - Static Routing
    152
  - Displaying the Main Routing Table
    154
  - Displaying the Core Routes
    155
  - Route Failover
    156
- A Route Failover Scenario for ISP Access
  157
  - Host Monitoring for Route Failover
    159
  - Advanced Settings for Route Failover
    161
  - Proxy ARP
    162
- A Proxy ARP Example
  163
  - Policy-Based Routing
    165
    
    Overview
    165
    
    Policy-Based Routing Rules
    165
    
    Policy-Based Routing Tables
    165
    
    Routing Table Selection
    166
    
    The Ordering Parameter
    166
    
    Creating a Policy-Based Routing Table
    167
    
    Creating the Route
    167
    
    Policy-Based Routing Configuration
    168
  - Route Load Balancing
    170
- The RLB Round Robin Algorithm
  171
- The RLB Spillover Algorithm
  172
- A Route Load Balancing Scenario
  174
  - Setting up RLB
    174
  - Ospf
    176
    
    Dynamic Routing
    176
- A Simple OSPF Scenario
  177
  - OSPF Providing Route Redundancy
    178
  - OSPF Concepts
    179
- Virtual Links Connecting Areas
  182
- Virtual Links with Partitioned Backbone
  183
  - OSPF Components
    184
- Netdefendos OSPF Objects
  184
  - Dynamic Routing Rules
    190
- Dynamic Routing Rule Objects
  191
  - Setting up OSPF
    193
  - An OSPF Example
    196
  - Creating an OSPF Router Process
    197
  - Add an OSPF Area
    197
  - Add OSPF Interface Objects
    197
  - Import Routes from an OSPF as into the Main Routing Table
    197
  - Exporting the Default Route into an OSPF as
    198
  - Multicast Routing
    199
    
    Overview
    199
    
    Multicast Forwarding with SAT Multiplex Rules
    200
- Multicast Forwarding - no Address Translation
  201
  - Forwarding of Multicast Traffic Using the SAT Multiplex Rule
    201
- Multicast Forwarding - Address Translation
  203
  - IGMP Configuration
    204
- Multicast Snoop Mode
  205
- Multicast Proxy Mode
  205
  - IGMP - no Address Translation
    206
    
    If1 Configuration
    207
    
    If2 Configuration - Group Translation
    208
    
    Advanced IGMP Settings
    209
  - Transparent Mode
    212
    
    Overview
    212
    
    Enabling Internet Access
    217
    
    Non-Transparent Mode Internet Access
    217
- Transparent Mode Internet Access
  217
  - Transparent Mode Scenarios
    218
- Transparent Mode Scenario 1
  219
  - Setting up Transparent Mode for Scenario 1
    219
- Transparent Mode Scenario 2
  220
  - Setting up Transparent Mode for Scenario 2
    220
    
    Spanning Tree BPDU Support
    222
    
    Advanced Settings for Transparent Mode
    223
- An Example BPDU Relaying Scenario
  223
5 DHCP Services

228
- Overview
  228
- DHCP Servers
  229
  - Setting up a DHCP Server
    230
  - Checking DHCP Server Status
    231
  - Static DHCP Hosts
    232
- DHCP Server Objects
  232
  - Custom Options
    233
  - Static DHCP Host Assignment
    233
  - DHCP Relaying
    235
    
    Setting up a DHCP Relayer
    235
    
    DHCP Relay Advanced Settings
    236
  - IP Pools
    238
  - Creating an IP Pool
    240
6 Security Mechanisms

242
- Access Rules
  242
  - Overview
    242
  - IP Spoofing
    243
  - Access Rule Settings
    243
  - Setting up an Access Rule
    244
- Algs
  245
  - Overview
    245
- Deploying an ALG
  245
  - The HTTP ALG
    246
- HTTP ALG Processing Order
  248
  - The FTP ALG
    249
- FTP ALG Hybrid Mode
  251
  - Protecting an FTP Server with an ALG
    253
    
    Protecting FTP Clients
    256
    
    The TFTP ALG
    258
    
    The SMTP ALG
    259
- SMTP ALG Processing Order
  261
- Anti-Spam Filtering
  263
  - The POP3 ALG
    268
  - The PPTP ALG
    269
- PPTP ALG Usage
  269
  - The SIP ALG
    270
  - The H.323 ALG
    280
  - Protecting Phones Behind Netdefend Firewalls
    282
  - H.323 with Private IP Addresses
    284
  - Two Phones Behind Different Netdefend Firewalls
    285
  - Using Private IP Addresses
    286
  - H.323 with Gatekeeper
    287
  - H.323 with Gatekeeper and Two Netdefend Firewalls
    289
  - Using the H.323 ALG in a Corporate Environment
    290
  - Configuring Remote Offices for H.323
    293
  - Allowing the H.323 Gateway to Register with the Gatekeeper
    293
  - The TLS ALG
    294
- TLS Termination
  295
  - Web Content Filtering
    297
    
    Active Content Handling
    297
    
    Overview
    297
    
    Static Content Filtering
    298
    
    Stripping Activex and Java Applets
    298
    
    Setting up a White and Blacklist
    299
    
    Dynamic Web Content Filtering
    300
- Dynamic Content Filtering Flow
  301
  - Enabling Dynamic Web Content Filtering
    302
  - Enabling Audit Mode
    304
  - Reclassifying a Blocked Site
    305
  - Editing Content Filtering HTTP Banner Files
    312
  - Anti-Virus Scanning
    314
    
    Implementation
    314
    
    Overview
    314
    
    Activating Anti-Virus Scanning
    315
    
    Anti-Virus Options
    316
    
    Subscribing to the D-Link Anti-Virus Service
    316
    
    The Signature Database
    316
    
    Activating Anti-Virus Scanning
    318
  - Intrusion Detection and Prevention
    320
    
    IDP Availability for D-Link Models
    320
    
    Overview
    320
- IDP Database Updating
  321
  - IDP Rules
    322
- IDP Signature Selection
  323
  - Insertion/Evasion Attack Prevention
    324
  - IDP Pattern Matching
    325
  - IDP Signature Groups
    326
  - IDP Actions
    327
  - SMTP Log Receiver for IDP Events
    328
  - Configuring an SMTP Log Receiver
    328
  - Setting up IDP for a Mail Server
    329
  - Denial-Of-Service Attack Prevention
    332
    
    Dos Attack Mechanisms
    332
    
    Overview
    332
    
    Ping of Death and Jolt Attacks
    332
    
    Fragmentation Overlap Attacks: Teardrop, Bonk, Boink and Nestea
    333
    
    The Land and Latierra Attacks
    333
    
    The Winnuke Attack
    333
    
    Amplification Attacks: Smurf, Papasmurf, Fraggle
    334
    
    Distributed Dos Attacks
    335
    
    TCP SYN Flood Attacks
    335
    
    The Jolt2 Attack
    335
  - Blacklisting Hosts and Networks
    337
  - Adding a Host to the Whitelist
    338
7 Address Translation

340
- Overview
  340
- Nat
  341
- NAT IP Address Translation
  341
- A NAT Example
  343
  - Adding a NAT Rule
    343
- Anonymizing with NAT
  345
  - NAT Pools
    346
  - Using NAT Pools
    347
  - Sat
    349
    
    Translation of a Single IP Address (1:1)
    349
- The Role of the DMZ
  350
  - Enabling Traffic to a Protected Web Server in a DMZ
    350
    
    Enabling Traffic to a Web Server on an Internal Network
    352
    
    Translating Traffic to Multiple Protected Web Servers
    354
    
    Translation of Multiple IP Addresses (M:N)
    354
    
    All-To-One Mappings (N:1)
    356
    
    Port Translation
    356
    
    Multiple SAT Rule Matches
    357
    
    Protocols Handled by SAT
    357
    
    SAT and Fwdfast Rules
    358
8 User Authentication

361
- Overview
  361
- Authentication Setup
  363
  - Setup Summary
    363
  - The Local Database
    363
  - External RADIUS Servers
    365
  - External LDAP Servers
    365
- Normal LDAP Authentication
  371
  - Authentication Rules
    372
- LDAP for PPP with CHAP, MS-Chapv1 or MS-Chapv2
  372
  - Authentication Processing
    374
  - A Group Usage Example
    375
  - HTTP Authentication
    375
  - Creating an Authentication User Group
    377
  - User Authentication Setup for Web Access
    377
  - Configuring a RADIUS Server
    378
  - Customizing HTML
    379
  - Editing Content Filtering HTTP Banner Files
    380
9 Vpn

383
- Overview
  383
  - VPN Usage
    383
  - VPN Encryption
    384
  - VPN Planning
    384
  - Key Distribution
    385
  - The TLS Alternative for VPN
    385
- VPN Quick Start
  387
- Ipsec Components
  397
  - Overview
    397
  - Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
    397
  - IKE Authentication
    403
  - Ipsec Protocols (ESP/AH)
    404
  - NAT Traversal
    405
- The AH Protocol
  405
- The ESP Protocol
  405
  - Algorithm Proposal Lists
    407
  - Using an Algorithm Proposal List
    407
  - Pre-Shared Keys
    408
  - Using a Pre-Shared Key
    408
  - Identification Lists
    409
  - Using an Identity List
    409
  - Ipsec Tunnels
    412
    
    Overview
    412
    
    LAN to LAN Tunnels with Pre-Shared Keys
    414
    
    Roaming Clients
    414
    
    Setting up a PSK Based VPN Tunnel for Roaming Clients
    415
    
    Setting up a Self-Signed Certificate Based VPN Tunnel for Roaming Clients
    415
    
    Setting up CA Server Certificate Based VPN Tunnels for Roaming Clients
    417
    
    Setting up Config Mode
    418
    
    Fetching Crls from an Alternate LDAP Server
    419
    
    Setting up an LDAP Server
    419
    
    Using Config Mode with Ipsec Tunnels
    419
    
    Troubleshooting with Ikesnoop
    420
    
    Ipsec Advanced Settings
    427
  - Pptp/L2Tp
    431
    
    PPTP Servers
    431
    
    L2TP Servers
    432
    
    Setting up a PPTP Server
    432
    
    Setting up an L2TP Server
    433
    
    Setting up an L2TP Tunnel over Ipsec
    433
    
    L2TP/PPTP Server Advanced Settings
    436
    
    PPTP/L2TP Clients
    437
- PPTP Client Usage
  439
  - CA Server Access
    440
- Certificate Validation Components
  441
  - VPN Troubleshooting
    443
    
    General Troubleshooting
    443
    
    Troubleshooting Certificates
    443
    
    Ipsec Troubleshooting Commands
    444
    
    Management Interface Failure with VPN
    445
    
    Specific Error Messages
    445
    
    Specific Symptoms
    448
10 Traffic Management

451
- Traffic Shaping
  451
  - Overview
    451
  - Traffic Shaping in Netdefendos
    452
- Pipe Rules Determine Pipe Usage
  453
  - Simple Bandwidth Limiting
    454
- Fwdfast Rules Bypass Traffic Shaping
  454
  - Applying a Simple Bandwidth Limit
    454
    
    Limiting Bandwidth in both Directions
    455
    
    Creating Differentiated Limits Using Chains
    456
    
    Limiting Bandwidth in both Directions
    456
    
    Precedences
    457
- Differentiated Limits Using Chains
  457
- The Eight Pipe Precedences
  458
- Minimum and Maximum Pipe Precedence
  460
  - Pipe Groups
    462
- Traffic Grouped by IP Address
  464
  - Traffic Shaping Recommendations
    465
  - A Summary of Traffic Shaping
    466
  - More Pipe Examples
    467
- A Basic Traffic Shaping Scenario
  468
  - IDP Traffic Shaping
    472
    
    Overview
    472
    
    Setting up IDP Traffic Shaping
    472
    
    Processing Flow
    473
    
    The Importance of Specifying a Network
    473
    
    A P2P Scenario
    474
- IDP Traffic Shaping P2P Scenario
  474
  - Viewing Traffic Shaping Objects
    475
  - Guaranteeing Instead of Limiting Bandwidth
    476
  - Logging
    476
  - Threshold Rules
    477
    
    Limiting the Connection Rate/Total Connections
    477
    
    Overview
    477
    
    Exempted Connections
    478
    
    Grouping
    478
    
    Multiple Triggered Actions
    478
    
    Rule Actions
    478
    
    Threshold Rule Blacklisting
    478
    
    Threshold Rules and Zonedefense
    478
  - Server Load Balancing
    480
    
    Overview
    480
    
    A Server Load Balancing Configuration
    481
    
    SLB Distribution Algorithms
    481
    
    Selecting Stickiness
    482
    
    Connections from Three Clients
    483
    
    SLB Algorithms and Stickiness
    483
    
    Server Health Monitoring
    484
    
    Stickiness and Connection-Rate
    484
    
    Stickiness and Round-Robin
    484
    
    Setting up SLB_SAT Rules
    485
11 High Availability

489
- Overview
  489
- HA Mechanisms
  491
- Setting up HA
  494
  - HA Hardware Setup
    494
  - Netdefendos Manual HA Setup
    495
  - Verifying the Cluster Functions
    496
  - Unique Shared Mac Addresses
    497
- HA Issues
  498
- Upgrading an HA Cluster
  500
- HA Advanced Settings
  502
12 Zonedefense

504
- Overview
  504
- Zonedefense Switches
  505
- Zonedefense Operation
  506
  - Snmp
    506
  - Threshold Rules
    506
  - Manual Blocking and Exclude Lists
    506
  - A Simple Zonedefense Scenario
    507
  - Zonedefense with Anti-Virus Scanning
    508
  - Limitations
    508
13 Advanced Settings

511
- IP Level Settings
  511
- TCP Level Settings
  515
- ICMP Level Settings
  520
- State Settings
  521
- Connection Timeout Settings
  523
- Length Limit Settings
  525
- Fragmentation Settings
  527
- Local Fragment Reassembly Settings
  531
- Miscellaneous Settings
  532
- Subscribing to Updates
  534
- IDP Signature Groups
  536
- Verified MIME Filetypes
  540
- The OSI Framework
  544
- D.1. the 7 Layers of the OSI Model
  544
- Alphabetical Index
  545

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