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AMD Opteron ccNUMA manual available for free PDF download: Manuallines
AMD Opteron ccNUMA Manuallines (48 pages)
Performance Guidelines for Multiprocessor Systems
Brand:
AMD
| Category:
Computer Hardware
| Size: 0.65 MB
Table of Contents
Application Note
1
Table of Contents
3
Performance Guidelines for AMD Athlon™ 64 and AMD Opteron™ 40555 Rev. 3.00 June
6
Revision History
7
Chapter 1 Introduction
9
Related Documents
10
Experimental Setup
13
Chapter 2 Experimental Setup
13
System Used
13
Figure 1. Quartet Topology
14
Synthetic Test
15
Figure 2. Internal Resources Associated with a Quartet Node
15
Reading and Interpreting Test Graphs
17
X-Axis Display
17
Away on an Idle System
17
Labels Used
18
Y-Axis Display
18
Chapter 3 Analysis and Recommendations
19
Scheduling Threads
19
Multiple Threads-Independent Data
19
Multiple Threads-Shared Data
20
Scheduling on a Non-Idle System
20
Data Locality Considerations
20
Away on an Idle System
21
Keeping Data Local by Virtue of First Touch
22
Figure 5. Write-Only Thread Running on Node 0, Accessing Data from 0, 1 and
22
Hops Away on an Idle System
22
Data Placement Techniques to Alleviate Unnecessary Data Sharing
23
Between Nodes Due to First Touch
23
Avoid Cache Line Sharing
25
Common Hop Myths Debunked
25
Myth: All Equal Hop Cases Take Equal Time
25
Figure 6. Crossfire 1 Hop-1 Hop Case Vs no Crossfire 1 Hop-1 Hop Case on an Idle System
26
Figure 7. Crossfire 1 Hop-1 Hop Case Vs no Crossfire 1 Hop-1 Hop Case under a
27
Figure 8. Crossfire 1 Hop-1 Hop Case Vs no Crossfire 1 Hop-1 Hop Case under a very High Background Load (High Subscription)
28
Myth: Greater Hop Distance Always Means Slower Time
29
Figure 9. Crossfire 1 Hop-1 Hop Case Vs no Crossfire 1 Hop-1 Hop Case under a very High Background Load (Full Subscription)
29
Figure 10. both Read-Only Threads Running on Node 0 (Different Cores) on an Idle System
30
Figure 11. both Write-Only Threads Running on Node 0 (Different Cores) on an Idle System
31
Figure 12. both Write-Only Threads Running on Node 0 (Different Cores) under
32
Figure 13. both Write-Only Threads Running on Node 0 (Different Cores) under Medium
33
Figure 14. both Write-Only Threads Running on Node 0 (Different Cores) under High
33
Locks
34
Figure 15. both Write-Only Threads Running on Node 0 (Different Cores) under very High Background Load (High Subscription)
34
Parallelism Exposed by Compilers on AMD Ccnuma Multiprocessor Systems
35
Conclusions
37
Chapter 4 Conclusions
37
Appendix A
39
Description of the Buffer Queues
39
Figure 16. Internal Resources Associated with a Quartet Node
39
What Resources Are Used When a Single Read-Only or Write-Only Thread Accesses Remote Data
40
What Resources Are Used When Two Write-Only Threads Fire at each Other (Crossfire) on an Idle System
40
What Resources Are Used When Write-Only Threads Do Not Fire at each Other (no Crossfire) on an Idle System
41
What Role Do Buffers Play in the Throughput Observed
41
Why Is the no Crossfire Case Slower than the Crossfire Case on a System under a very High Background Load (Full Subscription)
42
Idle System for Write-Only Threads
42
Why Is 0 Hop-1 Hop Case Slower than 0 Hop-0 Hop Case on a System under High Background Load (High Subscription) for Write-Only Threads
43
Support for a Ccnuma-Aware Scheduler for AMD64 Ccnuma
43
Multiprocessor Systems
44
Tools and Apis for Thread/Process and Memory Placement (Affinity) for AMD64 Ccnuma Multiprocessor Systems
44
Support under Linux
44
Support under Solaris
45
Support under Microsoft ® Windows
45
Tools and Apis for Node Interleaving in Various Oss for AMD64 Ccnuma
46
Multiprocessor Systems
46
Support under Linux
46
Support under Solaris
46
Support under Microsoft Windows
46
Node Interleaving Configuration in the BIOS
47
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