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Summary of Contents for Kodak D-31
- Page 1 Micrographic Quality D-31 Storage and Preservation of Microfilms...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
Contents D-31 June 2002 Introduction ..........1 Definitions . - Page 3 Summary of Requirements for Storage and Preservation of Records on Kodak Microfilm ....17 Storage Facilities ........17 References and Bibliography .
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Page 4: Introduction
NOTE:Refer to the latest revision of each ANSI or ISO Standard specified. D-31 June 2002 Definitions To help understand storage requirements, the composition and structure of microfilm are described and definitions of commonly used terms are given. -
Page 5: Electronic Imaging
Nitrate-base films decompose with age and are not suitable for permanent records. The manufacture of nitrate film by Eastman Kodak Company in the United States of America was discontinued in 1951, but older nitrate motion-picture films are often found in storage. -
Page 6: Record Classification
See ANSI/PIMA IT9.11-1993 and ANSI IT9.2-1991. Fire Protection All Kodak Microfilms are slow-burning films as defined by the American National Standards Institute, Inc. Even though photographic records will burn considerably slower than paper, the... -
Page 7: Storage Vaults
At 149°C (300°F) or above, severe distortion can occur in a few hours. High temperature is the greatest enemy of vesicular film. Although Kodak Thermal Print Films can withstand 71°C (160°F) for several hours, high temperatures can cause a complete loss of images if care is not taken with regard to temperature control. -
Page 8: Water Protection
ANSI/PIMA IT9.11-1998 and ISO 18911 their latest revisions. D-31 June 2002 High Humidity Storage in moist air, such as that frequently found in basement rooms, and storage humidities above 50% should be avoided;... -
Page 9: Molecular Sieves
However, placing recommended amounts of molecular sieves inside flip-top boxes will extend the life of the films significantly. This adds additional protection by slowing the deterioration process. Content D-31 June 2002... -
Page 10: Humidity Control
Plastic boxes, such as Kodak Microfilm Plastic Storage Cartons (CAT No. 108-6867—16 mm; CAT No. 841-8741—35 mm), can be used as protective containers in controlled areas. They... -
Page 11: Humidification
Kodak Microfilm and Prostar Fix Solutions contain this stability-enhancing iodide. Once the deterioration of the microfilm occurs, it cannot be reversed. Silver film duplication, Kodak Brown Toner, and the use of molecular sieves can be used to stabilize the reaction. 12,13 D-31 June 2002... -
Page 12: Toning
Additional protection can be obtained by adding molecular sieves to the storage containers or toning the film with toners such as Kodak Brown Toner (CAT No. 146-4452—8 oz.; CAT No. 140-0928—1 gal.). For information about the use of brown toner as a treatment to extend the life of microfilm, order Kodak Publication A-1671. -
Page 13: Composition Of Enclosure Materials
Theft of important records involves double peril—that of classified films falling into unauthorized hands and the complete loss of valuable information. Protection against the latter can, of course, be provided by storing duplicate records in another location. D-31 June 2002... -
Page 14: Processing For Permanence
In some cases, extremely soft water can also cause reticulation. In the case of contained chemical kits such as the Kodak Miniprocessor, the manufacturer's recommended film processing capacity should not be exceeded. -
Page 15: Squeegees
A simpler, but less sensitive, method is the use of the Kodak Hypo Test Kit (CAT No. 196-5847). This test gives an indication of residual hypo, but it should not be used as a measurement for meeting the requirements of the ANSI specification. -
Page 16: Processing Of Other Film Types
ANSI/PIMA IT9.12-1995 and ISO 18912-1999, “Specifications for Stability of Processed Vesicular Film,” discuss the criteria for proper development. D-31 June 2002 Special Storage and Hazards Underground Storage Most large industrial organizations and government agencies have developed methods for safeguarding vital records in the event of a war or a natural catastrophe. -
Page 17: Time-Capsule Storage
They can be cleaned easily with warm water and mild soap. For more information about Particle Transfer Roller technology call FPC, Inc., (an Eastman Kodak Company) at 1-323-468-5774 or contact your local Kodak Representative. Cleanliness of the work space is essential to success in these operations. -
Page 18: Inspection
“Specifications for Stability of Vesicular Films” “Practice for Storage of Photographic Film” D-31 June 2002 Sometimes film inspection is considered too laborious and costly and is neglected for many years—occasionally with unfortunate results. If it is not always possible to open every film... -
Page 19: Table 2: Storage Life Of Microfilms
If proper humidity control is provided, plastic or metal, unsealed, can be used. If adequate humidity control is not available, only metal or glass sealed containers are acceptable. Long Term (Indefinitely) Not above 0.014 grams per square meter (1) D-31 June 2002... -
Page 20: Table 3: Storage Temperature And Relative Humidity
Summary of Requirements for Storage and Preservation of Records on Kodak Microfilm Storage Facilities The type of storage vault, safe, cabinet, or area selected must be based on the value of the film records and their intended storage life. In general, one roll per container is recommended. -
Page 21: References And Bibliography
Richard C. Sehlin, Stephanie Masaryk-Morris, James L. Vincent, and Paige Miller, Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, Vol. 38, No. 3, 249-261, May/June 1994. 27. “Use of Kodak Brown Toner to Extend the Life of Microfilm,” Eastman Kodak Company, Kodak Publication No. A-1671. †... - Page 22 KODAK Publication No. D-31 CAT No. 811-6386 6/2002 © Eastman Kodak Company, 2002 Printed in U.S.A. EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY Document Imaging Rochester, New York 14650 www.kodak.com/go/docimaging Kodak, Eastman, Estar, and Prostar are trademarks of Eastman Kodak Company.