Related Manuals for SMA SWR 2500U - V1.2
Summary of Contents for SMA SWR 2500U - V1.2
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Page 1: Sunny Boy
Sunny Boy SWR 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Issue 1.2 Grid Tied String Inverter for Photovoltaic Systems SB2500U-11:NE3801... - Page 2 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual SB2500U-11:NE SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
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Page 3: Important Safety Instructions
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS This manual contains important instructions that shall be followed during in- stallation and maintenance of the Sunny Boy. To reduce the risk of electrical shock, and to ensure the safe installation and operation of the Sunny Boy, the following safety symbols have been placed throughout this technical description to indicate dangerous conditions and im- portant safety instructions. - Page 4 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS • All electrical installations shall be done in accordance with the local and national electrical codes ANSI/NFPA 70. • The Sunny Boy contains no user serviceable parts. Please return the unit to an SMA authorized Service Center (see page 56) for maintenance.
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Page 5: Table Of Contents
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Table of Contents Introduction ....................... 6 Installation ......................... 7 What Must Be Done in Case of Transport Damages? ........7 Placement of the Sunny Boy ................8 Electric Connection..................12 2.3.1 Preparation of the electric connection ............14 2.3.2 Connection to Electrical Utility Grid ............ -
Page 6: Introduction
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 1 Introduction The SMA Sunny Boy is a string inverter for grid tied operation. With this manual the Sunny Boy can be installed and operated in a safe way. This installer’s guide is used as reference for the commissioning and as guideline on how to use all functions of the inverter optimally and how you can extend your existing PV-plant. -
Page 7: Installation
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 2 Installation WARNING: Before installing the Sunny Boy, read all instructions and cau- tionary markings in the technical description and on the Sunny Boy and the photovoltaic array. WARNING: All electrical installations shall be done in accordance with all local electrical codes and the National Electrical Code (NEC), ANSI/NFPA 70. -
Page 8: Placement Of The Sunny Boy
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 2.2 Placement of the Sunny Boy The Sunny Boy is a sophisticated electronic device and is therefore sensitive to hu- midity within the case. NOTE: If the Sunny Boy is placed outside, the humidity during the installa- tion should be as low as possible - pay special attention that it does not rain. - Page 9 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual CAUTION: Please note the following points in any case: • The mounting background must be firm. • The ambient temperature must be between -13 °F and +140 °F. • The National Electrical Code (NEC) requires that the inverter be connected to a dedicated circuit and no other outlets or device may be connected to this circuit.
- Page 10 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual The Sunny Boy inverter is mounted on the back side with the three metal straps. Drilling Template for the Sunny Boy 2000, 2500, 3000 distance between the holes on the top 217.50 mm position of the holes on the top (for 6 mm screws) Total width of the Sunny Boy: 434.50 mm...
- Page 11 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Preparing the Mounting The Sunny Boy is mounted on its back side with the 3 metal straps. For that 3 screws and 3 according dowels (wall anchors) are necessary. The screws and dowels are not included.
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Page 12: Electric Connection
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 2.3 Electric Connection The electric connection of the Sunny Boy can be done once the device is correctly mounted in its position. Fig. 2.4: Simplified electrical wiring diagram of the PV-system GFDI-Fuse Communication- DC- Connection Connection AC- Connection... - Page 13 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual WARNING: All electrical installations shall be done in accordance with all local electrical codes and the National Electrical Code (NEC), ANSI/NFPA 70. Use no. 14 AWG, minimum 90 °C (194 °F), copper wire for all connec- tions with the Sunny Boy.
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Page 14: Preparation Of The Electric Connection
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 2.3.1 Preparation of the electric connection Remove all screws (1 - 4, size M5 (see Fig. 2.6)) and take off the lid. When removing these screws, be sure to save the special lock washers and reinstall them to properly ground the front panel. - Page 15 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual AC-Connection Grid Fuse Resistors Place for Piggy Back DC-Connection Fig. 2.7: Interior of the Sunny Boy 2500U SB2500U-11:NE SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
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Page 16: Connection To Electrical Utility Grid
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 2.3.2 Connection to Electrical Utility Grid The Sunny Boy must be connected to the grid with 3 cables • with two phases (L1) and (L2) and one equipment-grounding conduc- tor(Protective earth (PE)). WARNING: Make sure the main 240 V breaker in the main utility breaker box is switched OFF before you connect the AC terminal block. - Page 17 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Ground AC conduit and wiring Fig. 2.8: AC connection socket • Connect the main 240 Volt AC-breaker box to the Sunny Boy by a 1/2“ conduit. • Insert the conduit fitting in the very right opening of the Sunny Boy. Fasten the fitting on the inside of the Sunny Boy with the nut.
- Page 18 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Connection of the PV-panels to the DC disconnect enclosure WARNING: Completely cover the surface of all PV-arrays with opaque (dark) material before wiring them. PV-arrays produce electrical energy when ex- posed to light and could create a hazardous condition. Depending on the type of PV-module used it is possible to connect one single string or several parallel strings.
- Page 19 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Connection of the Sunny Boy to the DC disconnect enclosure • Install the DC conduit from the DC disconnect enclosure to the Sunny Boy. • Insert the conduit fitting in the very left opening of the Sunny Boy. Fasten the fitting on the inside of the Sunny Boy with the nut.
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Page 20: Commissioning
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 3 Commissioning Safety Notice NOTE: Make sure that nothing is on top of the heat sink of the Sunny Boy when it is running. WARNING: The heat sink can get very hot - i. e. over 175 °F (80 °C). NOTE: Make sure that all fittings are sealed and all openings on the bottom are closed with the seals. - Page 21 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual First switching on Please follow the order described when commissioning the device. Fig. 3.1: Diagram of commissioning” provides a sequence chart for commissioning. NOTE: Following this procedure you will make sure that the PV-panel is iso- lated from earth and the GFDI-fuse is not defective without using any addi- tional measuring instrument.
- Page 22 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual • The Sunny Boy switches to fully automatic normal operation. The green LED is blinking. Should the red LED still be on the GFDI-fuse is defective and has to be replaced. (You will find a description of the correct type in chapter 4.2.) Remove Switch DC ON and GFDI Fuse...
- Page 23 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual If the input voltage is high enough the Sunny Boy should start to feed inverted PV- power fully automatically to the grid, once enough power is coming from the PV- modules. The design of the Sunny Boy makes sure that its internal consumption is as low as possible.
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Page 24: Operation And Failure Indication Leds
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 4 Operation and Failure Indication LEDs The inverter normally operates automatically, without user interaction and without any maintenance. The inverter automatically turns itself off when a grid feeding is not possible (e. g. at night). The Sunny Boy automatically starts its grid feeding the next day once the solar radia- tion is high enough. - Page 25 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Betrieb Operation Erdschluß SWR 2500 Earth Fault Störu ng Photovoltaik-Stringwechselrichter Failure Photovoltaic string inverter Fig. 4.1: Front view of Sunny Boy 2500U Description of the symbols used in the following section: LED off LED on once per second LED on three times per second LED on with short interruptions (75% on, 25% off)
- Page 26 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual LED indicator Operating condition Description green: standby (night) input voltage < 120 V red: yellow: green: initialization input voltage: 120 V ... 240 V red: yellow: green: stop changing operating condition or manually initi- ated condition red: yellow:...
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Page 27: Operation Indicator
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 4.1 Operation Indicator Standby (night) all LEDs are off Sunny “Standby” mode. input voltage < 120 V) for supplying the Sunny Boy control system with enough power. Initialization all LEDs are on The Sunny Boy control system is initializing. The string voltage to the inverter is between approx. - Page 28 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Stop Green LED blinks (3 times per second) Red LED off Yellow LED off The inverter has stopped operation, among other tasks the measurement electronics is calibrated. Subsequent condition is “Waiting”. “Stop” condition can be initiated by the user with the Sunny Boy Control or the program Sunny Data.
- Page 29 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Operation Green LED on Red LED off Yellow LED off all LEDs are off The Sunny Boy is feeding the local electricity grid, either in “MPP“ or in „Constant - Volt- age“ operation. •...
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Page 30: Ground Fault Indicator
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 4.2 Ground Fault Indicator Isolation failure Green LED off Red LED on Yellow LED on This is the result of a ground fault of the PV panel. The inverter then has to indicate this condition and disconnect from the grid. -
Page 31: Failure Indication
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 4.3 Failure Indication Consistent Failure Operation Earth Fault Failure The yellow failure LED is permanently on. This is a failure of the utility monitoring or the automatic disconnection device MSD. The Sunny Boy has detected a failure in the disconnection device and has suppressed the utility interaction on startup. - Page 32 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Blinking code 2: Grid Failure Operation Earth Fault Failure The yellow failure indication LED is on for 5 seconds, is out for 3 seconds and then blinks twice. The code is sent three times. If the failure persists the indication blinking code is repeated.
- Page 33 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Blinking Code 3: Grid impedance too high (if the optional Grid Impedance Meas- urement is active) Operation Earth Fault Failure The yellow failure LED is activated for 5 seconds, remains dark for 3 seconds and then blinks three times.
- Page 34 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Blinking code 4: Input voltage (PV-panel) too high Operation Earth Fault Failure The yellow failure indication LED is activated for 5 seconds, is out for 3 seconds and then blinks four times. The code is sent three times. If the failure persists the indication is repeated.
- Page 35 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Blinking code 5: Device failure Operation Earth Fault Failure 1 s 1 s The yellow failure indication LED is activated for 5 seconds, is out for 3 seconds and then blinks five times. The code is sent three times. If the failure persists the indication is repeated.
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Page 36: Opening And Closing Of The Sunny Boy
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 4.4 Opening and closing of the Sunny Boy Normally the Sunny Boy operates fully automatically and maintenance-free. Should the device nonetheless be opened e.g. for • upgrading or modification of the Sunny Boy interface •... - Page 37 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 3. Take off the lid by removing screws 1 - 4 (see Fig. 2.6) on the lid (M5). You now have the opened Sunny Boy in front of you (see Fig. 2.7) and can see the posi- tion of components and clamps relevant for you.
- Page 38 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Closing of the Sunny Boy • When putting the lid on make sure the seal in the inner side of the lid is placed cor- rectly. When screwing the inner screws make sure that the thread in the Sunny Boy case is not damaged by tilted screws.
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Page 39: Upgrading Or Modification Of The Sunny Boy Interface
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 4.5 Upgrading or modification of the Sunny Boy interface The Sunny Boy is prepared for data transmission. By simply plugging on a piggy back module it supports transmission via Powerline, RS232 or RS485 interfaces. In order to install a new interface in the Sunny Boy a corresponding piggy back module has to be installed on the system control board. - Page 40 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Open the device as described in chapter 4.4. Remove the piggy back that is installed on the system control board. • Only for installation of an RS232 or RS485 board: − Remove the light blue resistors (see Fig. 2.7) on the system control board by cutting them out with a wire cutter.
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Page 41: Measuring Channels And Messages
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 4.6 Measuring Channels and Messages The communication supports a number of measuring channels and messages from the Sunny Boy inverters. The following abbreviations are used: Betriebsführungsrechner (Sequential Control System) Stromregelungsrechner (Current Control System) Measuring Channels PV-input voltage Vpv-Setpoint... - Page 42 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual V-Const Sunny Boy is in constant voltage MPP mode Derating reduction of the grid feeding power Disturbance failure Error messages F-Bfr-Srr communication between micro-controllers is failing F-EEPROM EEPROM cannot be read or written on F-EEPROM dBh EEPROM cannot be read or written on F-Fac-Bfr...
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Page 43: Measurement Precision
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 4.7 Measurement Precision Any kind of measurement always depends on the accuracy. The reproducibility of the measurement values is conceived for an ambient temperature of 77 °F (25 °C). Other temperatures must be evaluated with respect to the inaccuracy resulting from these dif- ferent temperatures. -
Page 44: Troubleshooting
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 5 Troubleshooting Our quality management strategy includes a constant quality improvement of our prod- ucts. We always are concerned to avoid all failures and malfunctions of our products. The product you purchased was shipped after successfully passing numerous tests con- cerning the operation behavior and the disconnection devices as well as long term heavy duty tests. - Page 45 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Information concerning the Sunny Boy • serial number of the inverter • Sunny Boy type • short failure description − number of the blinking code (chapter 4) − if Sunny Boy Control or a PC with Sunny Data is present: What failure is indi- cated? −...
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Page 46: Warranty Regulations And Liability
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 6 Warranty Regulations and Liability Warranty The warranty period is 24 months from the date of purchasing the device by the end user. It ends at the latest 30 months after the delivery date from SMA, and includes all defects caused by material or manufacturing faults. - Page 47 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Exclusion of Liability Excluded are any warranty claims and liabilities for direct or consequential damages due to • transportation damages, • improper installation or commissioning, • improper alterations, modification or repairing attempts, • inappropriate use or operation, •...
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Page 48: Technical Data
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 7 Technical Data Input (PV panel) Maximum open circuit voltage of the PV panel WARNING: It is essential to comply with the respective input voltage range which varies depending on the type and number of PV modules used. -
Page 49: Minimum Mpp-Voltage Of The Pv Panel
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 7.1.1 Minimum MPP-voltage of the PV panel Often a fixed lower MPP voltage limit of the inverter is not useful when the cells of the PV panel have very high temperatures. This means the MPP voltage of the PV panel de- creases and the inverter cannot feed the maximum power from the PV panel to the low- voltage grid. - Page 50 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Input Values of the Sunny Boy (DC side) ∗ Input voltage, MPP range (depending on V 234 V - 550 V DC ≤ 600 V DC Max. open circuit voltage (under all conditions): PVOC Max.
- Page 51 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Output values of the Sunny Boy (utility side) Nominal output power: 2200 W AC ACnom Maximal output power: 2500 W AC ACmax Operating range, utility voltage: 211 - 264 V AC Operating range, utility frequency: 59.3 –...
- Page 52 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Power Consumption Internal consumption during operation: < 7 W Internal consumption during stand-by: < 0.25 W Efficiency η Maximum efficiency: > 94 % Ambient Conditions Tolerable ambient temperature: -13 °F…140 °F ( -25 C ...
- Page 53 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 12,0 10,0 I [ A] U [A] Fig. 7.2: Maximal Input Current of the Sunny Boy 2500U 3000 2500 2000 1500 P [W] 1000 U [V] Fig. 7.3: Output Power of the Sunny Boy 2500U SB2500U-11:NE SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
- Page 54 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 0,00 0,25 0,50 0,75 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50 [kW] Fig. 7.4: Efficiency of the Sunny Boy 2500U SB2500U-11:NE SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
- Page 55 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Parameter List Sunny Boy 2500U All parameters are transmitted to Sunny Data or to the Sunny Boy Control when the Sunny Boy is configured. The following table shows the available parameters: Name Unit Range Default Change by...
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Page 56: Appendix
Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual 8 Appendix Certificate for Sunny Boy 2500U • Underwriters Laboratories Listing Document, dated 8 May 2001 SB2500U-11:NE SMA Regelsysteme GmbH... - Page 57 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual SB2500U-11:NE SMA Regelsysteme GmbH...
- Page 58 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Information about SMA Further literature about the Sunny Boy inverter family • User Manual Sunny Boy 700/850 • User Manual Sunny Boy 1100E • User Manual Sunny Boy 1700E • User Manual Sunny Boy 2000 •...
- Page 59 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual Our Sunny Boy Homepage is updated daily and offers: • the newest information concerning the Sunny Boy inverter family • the newest software • help concerning problems with your PV-plant • and of course all you might want to know about SMA Regelsysteme Those who want to know more about SMA Regelsysteme GmbH and its products are very welcome to visit us on our homepage.
- Page 60 Sunny Boy 2500U Installation and Operator’s Manual SMA in the USA: • Address: SMA America Inc. 20830 Red Dog Road Grass Valley, CA 95945 • Telephone: 530.273.4895 • Telefax: 530.274.7271 • eMail: info@sma-america.com • Internet: http://www. sma-america.com SMA in Europe: •...