Compaq BL10e - HP ProLiant - 512 MB RAM Manual
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Compaq BL10e - HP ProLiant - 512 MB RAM Manual

Compaq BL10e - HP ProLiant - 512 MB RAM Manual

Serial attached scsi storage technology, 2nd edition
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Serial Attached SCSI storage technology
2nd Edition
Abstract .............................................................................................................................................. 2
Transition from parallel to serial SCSI protocol ........................................................................................ 2
SAS terminology .................................................................................................................................. 2
SAS technology ................................................................................................................................... 3
SAS devices .................................................................................................................................... 3
Differential signaling ........................................................................................................................ 5
SAS protocol evolution ......................................................................................................................... 6
SAS-1 ............................................................................................................................................. 6
SAS-2 ............................................................................................................................................. 6
SAS-2.1 .......................................................................................................................................... 6
SAS/SATA interoperability ................................................................................................................... 8
Cabling and connectors ....................................................................................................................... 9
Mini SAS 4x cable connectors and receptacles ................................................................................... 9
Mini SAS 8x cable connectors ......................................................................................................... 11
SAS topologies .................................................................................................................................. 11
Zoning ............................................................................................................................................. 14
SAS performance .............................................................................................................................. 16
For more information .......................................................................................................................... 18
Call to action .................................................................................................................................... 18
Initiators ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Expanders ................................................................................................................................... 4
Targets ........................................................................................................................................ 4
Active cables ............................................................................................................................... 6
Storage power management .......................................................................................................... 7
Internal ...................................................................................................................................... 11
External ..................................................................................................................................... 13
Multi-node clusters ...................................................................................................................... 14

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Summary of Contents for Compaq BL10e - HP ProLiant - 512 MB RAM

  • Page 1: Table Of Contents

    Serial Attached SCSI storage technology 2nd Edition Abstract .............................. 2 Transition from parallel to serial SCSI protocol ..................2 SAS terminology ..........................2 SAS technology ........................... 3 SAS devices ............................ 3 Initiators ............................4 Expanders ........................... 4 Targets ............................4 Differential signaling ........................

  • Page 2: Abstract

    SCSI could not occur without developing new and expensive technologies. In 2001, HP (Compaq), IBM, LSI Logic, Maxtor, and Seagate founded the Serial Attached SCSI Working Group to define the rules for exchanging information between SCSI devices using a serial interconnect (SAS).

  • Page 3: Sas Technology

    ISO/IEC International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission Midline devices SAS and SATA drives that provide larger capacity, greater reliability, improved resistance to rotational and operational vibration than Entry level drives, making them better suited for use in multi-drive configurations. The mechanism that contains a transceiver which electrically interfaces to a physical link. Phy is a common abbreviation for the physical layer of the OSI model.

  • Page 4: Initiators

    SAS domain (Figure 1). Each SAS device has a unique worldwide name (SAS address) assigned at manufacturing to simplify its identification in a domain Initiators SAS initiators have multiple ports for connection to internal and/or external targets. Each initiator port can have a single physical link (a narrow port) or 2, 4, or 8 physical links (a wide port).

  • Page 5: Differential Signaling

    Differential signaling All SAS devices have connection points called ports. One or more transceiver mechanisms, called phys, are located in the port of each SAS device. A physical link, consisting of two wire pairs, connects the transmitter of each phy in one device’s port to the receiver of a phy in another device’s port.

  • Page 6: Sas Protocol Evolution

    SAS protocol evolution SAS-1 The speed of the first-generation SAS (SAS-1) link is 3.0 gigabits per second (Gb/s). The original SAS standard defined two classes of expanders: edge expanders and fanout expanders. An edge expander attaches directly to targets, or to another edge expander, which reduces its complexity (and cost) by constraining the size of its routing table.

  • Page 7: Storage Power Management

    Figure 3. SAS 1.1 at 1.5 Gbps and 3.0 Gbps in untrained mode has a 6-m limit. SAS-2 in trained mode raises the limit to 10 m at all speeds. At 6 Gbps, active copper and optical cables extend the distance to 20 m. Storage power management SAS-2.1 devices will be able to turn off SAS physical links when they are idle.

  • Page 8: Sas/Sata Interoperability

    SAS/SATA interoperability Using the SAS interface, SAS drives, SATA drives, or a mix of both SAS and SATA drives will function in the same storage enclosure. With this broad range of storage solutions (Figure 4), IT managers can choose storage devices based on reliability, performance, and cost. Because the SAS architecture features a proven SCSI command set, advanced command queuing, and advanced verification/error correction, SAS is the ideal solution for mission-critical enterprise storage applications.

  • Page 9: Cabling And Connectors

    Cabling and connectors Mini SAS 4x cable connectors and receptacles Mini SAS 4x connectors and receptacles (Figure 5) are replacing SAS 4x connectors and receptacles in new designs. Mini SAS connectors contain ground pins that can be used for power in active cables.
  • Page 10 Figure 7 shows the type and location of icons that identify the connectors that attach to an end device, an enclosure ―out‖ port, an enclosure ―in‖ port, and an enclosure universal port. Figure 7. External Mini SAS 4x cable connector icons identify compatible devices and ports. Cable connectors and receptacles are keyed to correspond to in ports (subtractive routing), out ports (table routing), and ports for direct-attached end devices (direct routing).

  • Page 11: Mini Sas 8X Cable Connectors

    Mini SAS 8x cable connectors SAS-2.1 adds Mini SAS 8x internal and external connectors. The Mini SAS 8i HD (internal) connector will be a hybrid that combines two serial general purpose input/output (SGPIO) busses. The Mini SAS 8x HD (external) connector will support both passive and active cables. SAS topologies SAS makes it possible for manufacturers to create highly scalable topologies—internal, external, or both—giving customers the flexibility to design and deploy a range of solutions.
  • Page 12 Figure 10 shows an alternate internal topology for RAID systems using SAS or SATA drives. The full height HP Smart SAS Expander Card supports more than 8 internal hard disk drives on select ProLiant servers when connected to a Smart Array P410 Controller (SA-P410) or Smart Array P410i Controller (SA-P410i).

  • Page 13: External

    External Figure 11 shows a topology for connecting one external port on the two-port controller to a storage enclosure containing up to ten SFF SAS or SATA drives. This single controller port incorporates four lanes for a total maximum throughput of 2400 MB/s. The storage enclosure contains an internal 36- port expander that supports cascading an additional enclosure in a 1+1 configuration containing up to 25 SFF SAS or SATA drives.

  • Page 14: Multi-Node Clusters

    Multi-node clusters A multi-node cluster using SAS provides an alternative to clustered Fibre Channel local loop topologies. This highly scalable SAS architecture enables topologies that provide high performance and high availability with no single point of failure. Figure 12 shows a multi-node cluster application using a SAS RAID HBA controller.
  • Page 15 Figure 13. A group of zoning-enabled SAS expanders (ZPSDS) can be configured to allow only certain end devices to see each other. Zoning methodology The SAS-2 standard permits zoning, a secure zoning method that uses the unique ID number of each expander phy.

  • Page 16: Sas Performance

    Figure 14. The zone manager can be attached to an end device (top) or directly to one or more expanders through a sideband interface (bottom). The zone manager assigns zone groups to all zoning expander phys, and it assigns all phys in a wide port to the same zone group.
  • Page 17 In enterprise server environments, SFF SAS drives excel in performance and reliability. Since SFF drives require only 70% of the space and half the power of 3.5-inch large form factor (LFF) SAS drives, higher drive densities per-U is possible without a significant increase in power consumption. Higher drive densities provide better overall performance, greater reliability, and lower operating costs.

  • Page 18: For More Information

    For more information For additional information, refer to the resources listed below. Resource description Web address Redundancy in enterprise storage networks http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManu using dual-domain SAS configurations al/c01451157/c01451157.pdf Performance factors for HP ProLiant Serial http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bc/docs/support/SupportManu Attached Storage (SAS) al/c01460725/c01460725.pdf ProLiant storage papers and audio podcasts http://h18004.www1.hp.com/products/servers/technology/w hitepapers/proliant-storage.html Drive technology overview, 2...

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