Casio FC-100V User Manual
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Casio FC-100V User Manual

Casio calculator user's guide fc-200v, fc-100v
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http://world.casio.com/edu_e/
RCA501407-001V03

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Summary of Contents for Casio FC-100V

  • Page 1 FC-200V FC-100V User's Guide http://world.casio.com/edu_e/ RCA501407-001V03...
  • Page 2 Important! CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. makes no guarantees concerning accuracy of the contents of this manual or their suitability for any commercial purpose or other particular purpose, or concerning the accuracy of calculation results (such as financial calculation simulation results) produced by this calculator.

  • Page 3: About This Manual

    About this Manual • This User’s Guide covers use and operation of the CASIO FC-200V and FC-100V. Operations apply to both models, except in cases indicated by the text “FC-200V only”. • Keycap markings indicate what a key inputs or what function it performs.
  • Page 4 • The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice. • In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of this product and items that come with it.

  • Page 5: Initializing The Calculator

    Initializing the Calculator Perform the following procedure when you want to initialize the calculator and return the calculation mode and setup to their initial default settings. Note that this operation also clears all data currently in calculator memory. 1. O19(CLR) 2.

  • Page 6: Safety Precautions

    This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored. Battery • After removing the battery from the calculator, put it in a safe place where it will not get into the hands of small children and accidentally swallowed.

  • Page 7: Handling Precautions

    • Avoid use and storage of the calculator in areas subjected to large amounts of humidity and dust. Take care never to leave the calculator where it might be splashed by water or exposed to large amounts of humidity or dust. Such conditions can damage internal circuitry.
  • Page 8 • Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator. If the calculator becomes very dirty, wipe it off with a cloth moistened in a weak solution of water and a mild neutral household detergent. Wring out all excess liquid before wiping the calculator.

  • Page 9: Table Of Contents

    Power On and Off ... 10 kAdjusting Display Contrast ... 10 kAbout the Display ... 11 kDisplay Indicators ... 11 Calculation Modes and Calculator Setup ... 13 kCalculation Modes ... 13 kUsing the Setup Screen ... 13 Inputting Expressions and Values ... 23 kInputting a Calculation Expression Using Standard Format ...
  • Page 10 ) and Natural Logarithm Base kTrigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric Functions ... 98 kHyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic Functions ... 99 kConverting an Input Value to the Calculator’s Default Angle Unit ... 99 kExponential Functions and Logarithmic Functions ... 100 kPower Functions and Power Root Functions ... 101 kRectangular-Polar Coordinate Conversion ...
  • Page 11 Ranges, Number of Digits, and Precision ... 137 kSpecial Financial Calculation Error Messages .. 139 kError Messages ... 140 kBefore assuming malfunction of the calculator... 142 Reference ... 143 kPower Requirements and Battery Replacement ... 143 Specifications ... 146...

  • Page 12: Before Using The Calculator

    Before Using the Calculator k Removing the Hard Case Before using the calculator, slide its hard case downwards to remove it, and then affix the hard case to the back of the calculator as shown in the illustration below. k Turning Power On and Off •...

  • Page 13: Kabout The Display

    About the Display Your calculator has a 31-dot × 96-dot LCD screen. Example: Input expression Calculation result Financial Calculation Mode k Display Indicators Sample Display: This Means this: indicator: The keypad has been shifted by pressing the 1 key. The keypad will unshift and this indicator will disappear when you press a key.
  • Page 14 This Means this: indicator: STAT The calculator is in the STAT Mode. 360 days in a year. Simple interest for interest calcula- tions of odd (partial) months. Day, month, year (DMY) as the date format. The default angle unit is degrees.

  • Page 15: Calculation Modes And Calculator Setup

    Calculation Modes and Calculator Setup k Calculation Modes When you want to perform this type of operation: Simple interest calculations Compound interest calculations Cash flow calculations Amortization calculations General and function calculations Statistical and regression calculations Interest rate conversion calculations...
  • Page 16 A Displaying the Setup Screen There are two different ways to display the setup screen. • Pressing the s key • Selecting the “Set:” item on the menu screen that appears when you enter some modes. The following are the procedures you need to perform to access and use the setup screen using the above...
  • Page 17 1. On the menu that appears when you initially enter a mode, use fc to select “Set:”, and then press E. • This displays a setup screen of settings that apply to the current mode only. The content of the setup screen depends on what mode you are currently in.
  • Page 18 A Configuring Settings 1 Payment: Compound Interest (CMPD) Mode, Amortization (AMRT) Mode This setting specifies the payment date. 1:Begin Beginning of period 2:End End of period 1. Use fc to select “Payment”, and then press 2. Press 1(1:Begin) or 2(2:End) to select the setting you want.
  • Page 19 2. Press 1(1:CI) or 2(2:SI) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E. 4 Periods/Y: Bond (BOND) Mode (FC-200V only) This setting specifies once a year (Annual) or twice a year (Semi-Annual) coupon payments.
  • Page 20 6 Date Input: Day Calculation (DAYS) Mode, Bond (BOND) Mode (FC-200V only) This setting specifies either month, day, year (MDY) or day, month, year (DMY) as the date format. 1:MDY Month, day, year 06012006 (June 1, 2006) 2:DMY Day, month, year 01062006 (June 1, 2006) 1.
  • Page 21 1. Use fc to select “B-Even”, and then press 2. Press 1(1:Quantity) or 2(2:Sales) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E. 9 Digit Sep.: All modes except for the STAT Mode and COMP Mode This setting specifies what type of 3-digit separator should be used.
  • Page 22 2. Press 1(1:Deg), 2(2:Rad), or 3(3:Gra) to select the setting you want. • You can also use fc to select a setting and then press E. ! Fix: All modes This setting specifies a fixed number of digits to the right of the decimal place.
  • Page 23 # Norm: All modes This setting specifies the range that determines when display of values switches to exponential format. • Changing this setting automatically cancels any previous settings made for ! Fix and @ Sci. > x,  –2 Norm1: 10 >...
  • Page 24 1. O19(CLR) 2. “Setup:EXE” (fc), then E. 3. E(Yes) 4. A • To cancel initialization without doing anything, press E(Cancel) instead of E(Yes). • The calculator will automatically enter the COMP Mode after you initialize the setup screen settings. E-22...

  • Page 25: Inputting Expressions And Values

    Values k Inputting a Calculation Expression Using Standard Format Your calculator lets you input calculation expressions just as they are written. Then simply press the E key to execute it. The calculator automatically judges the calculation priority sequence for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, functions, and parentheses.

  • Page 26: Omitting The Multiplication Sign

    A Omitting the Multiplication Sign You can omit the multiplication sign (×) in any of the following cases. • Before an open parentheses ( ( ): 2 × (5 + 4), etc. • Before a function with parenthesis: 2 × sin(30), 2 × '(3), etc.

  • Page 27: Kcorrecting An Expression

    • Normally the input cursor appears as a straight vertical ) or horizontal ( ) flashing line on the display screen. When there are 10 or fewer bytes of input remaining in the current expression, the cursor changes shape to to let you know.
  • Page 28 A Deleting a Character or Function Example: To correct the expression 369 × × 12 so it becomes 369 × 12 Insert Mode: 369**12 Overwrite Mode: 369**12 A Correcting a Calculation Example: To correct cos(60) so it becomes sin(60) Insert Mode: 12(cos)60) Overwrite Mode: 12(cos)60)

  • Page 29: Kdisplaying The Location Of An Error

    A Inserting input into a Calculation Always use the insert mode for this operation. Use d or e to move the cursor to the location where you want to insert new input, and then input what you want. k Displaying the Location of an Error If an error message (like “Math ERROR”...

  • Page 30: Basic Calculations

    Use the +, -, *, and / keys to perform arithmetic calculations. Example: 7 × 8 – 4 × 5 = 36 7*8-4*5E • The calculator automatically judges the calculation priority sequence. For more information, see “Calculation Priority Sequence” on page E-134. A Number of Decimal Places and Number of...

  • Page 31: Kpercent Calculations

    A Omitting a Final Closed Parenthesis You can omit any closed parenthesis ( ) ) immediately preceding operation of the E key at the end of a calculation. Example: (2 + 3) × (4 – 1) = 15 (2+3)* (4-1E k Percent Calculations Example 1: 2% = 0.02 21((%)E...
  • Page 32 Example 5: To discount 3500 by 25%. 3500- 3500* 251((%)E Example 6: To discount the sum of 168, 98, and 734 by 20%. 168+98+ -G*201((%)E Example 7: If 300 grams are added to a test sample originally weighing 500 grams, what is the percentage increase in weight? 300+500 Example 8: What is the percentage change when a value...
  • Page 33 Example 9: To calculate the selling price and profit when the purchase price is $480 and the profit rate to the selling price is 25%. 480*25 480/25 Example 10: To calculate the bargain price and loss when the purchase price is $130 and the loss rate is 4%.

  • Page 34: Using Multi-Statements In Calculations

    Using Multi-statements in Calculations You can use the colon character (:) to connect two or more expressions and execute them in sequence from left to right when you press E. Example: To create a multi-statement that performs the following two calculations: 3 + 3 and 3 × 3 Insert Mode: 1.

  • Page 35: Using Calculation History Memory And Replay

    Example: • Note that calculation history memory contents are cleared whenever you turn off the calculator, press the O key, change to another mode, or perform the operation under “Initializing the Calculator” (page E-3) or “Initializing the Setup Screen Settings”...

  • Page 36: Replay Function

    A Replay Function While a calculation result is on the display, you can press d or e to edit the expression you used for the previous calculation. Example: 4 × 3 + 2.5 = 14.5 4 × 3 – 7.1 = 4.9 4*3+2.5E -7.1E YYYY...

  • Page 37: Using Calculator Memory

    Using Calculator Memory Memory Name Answer Memory Independent Memory Variables VARS This section uses the COMP Mode (g) to demonstrate how you can use memory. k Answer Memory (Ans) A Answer Memory Overview • Answer Memory contents are updated whenever you execute a calculation using any one of the following keys: E, 9, m, 1m(M–), t, or 1t(STO).
  • Page 38 A Using Answer Memory to Perform a Series of Calculations Example: To divide the result of 3 × 4 by 30 (Continuing)/30E Pressing / automatically inputs • With the above procedure, you need to perform the second calculation immediately after the first one. If you need to recall Answer Memory contents after pressing A, press the G key.
  • Page 39 k Independent Memory (M) You can add calculation results to or subtract results from independent memory. The “M” appears on the display when independent memory contains a value. A Independent Memory Overview • The following is a summary of the different operations you can perform using independent memory.

  • Page 40: Kvariables (A, B, C, D, X, Y)

    • Independent memory contents are maintained even if you press the A key, change the calculation mode, or turn off the calculator. A Calculation Examples Using Independent Memory • If the “M” indicator is on the display, perform the procedure under “Clearing Independent Memory”...
  • Page 41 • Variable contents are maintained even if you press the A key, change the calculation mode, or turn off the calculator. 9 × 6 + 3 Example: 5 × 8 1.

  • Page 42: Kfinancial Calculation Variables (Vars)

    9. So(B)/SD(C) k Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • The following are the names of the financial calculation variables (VARS): , PV, PMT, FV, P/Y, C/Y, PM1, PM2, Dys. • Financial calculation variables are used in financial calculations to store values. See the sections that describe the various modes for information about which variables are used in each mode.

  • Page 43: Kclearing Memory Contents

    k Clearing Memory Contents Use the following procedure to clear the contents of Answer Memory, independent memory, and all of the variables. This procedure does not clear VARS memory contents. See “Clearing the Contents of VARS Memories Only” for more information. 1.

  • Page 44: Financial Calculation

    Financial Calculation k Simple Interest Mode • The Simple Interest (SMPL) Mode lets you calculate the interest amount and/or simple future value (principal and interest amount). A Entering the SMPL Mode • Press S to enter the SMPL Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No.
  • Page 45 • Press 2 to select “365”. • Use fc to select 2 “Dys”, input 120, and then press E. • Use fc to select 3 “ • Use fc to select 4 “PV”, input 10000, and then press E. 2. Select the value you want to calculate. •...

  • Page 46: Kcompound Interest Mode

    A SMPL Mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables Dys, • The values of SMPL Mode variables are retained even if you change to another mode. Note, however, that SMPL Mode variables are also used by other modes, so performing an input or calculation operation may change the values assigned to them.
  • Page 47 A Setting Values No. Display 1 Set* Payment Period (Payment) Number of Compound Periods Interest Rate 4 PV Present Value (Principal) 5 PMT Payment Amount Future Value (Principal and 6 FV Interest, or Final Payment Amount) Number of Annual Payments 7 P/Y (PMT) Number of Annual...
  • Page 48 A Basic CMPD Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the future value (FV) of an investment vehicle that pays an annual interest rate of 4%, when the initial deposit is $1,000 and additional deposits of $300 are made each month 1.
  • Page 49 3. Add the number of full months (16 in this example). 4. Press E. Note • This calculator always performs calculations assuming that the partial month comes at the beginning of the compound periods ( ), Interest Rate (I%), Present ”.

  • Page 50: Calculation Formulas

    A Selecting Interest Calculation for a Period with a Partial Month • You can select compound interest or simple interest to calculate interest for a period with a partial month. Before performing each type of calculation, first use Configuring Settings (page E-16) to select either compound interest or simple interest for the dn setting.
  • Page 51 I % = 0 (PMT n = – PMT = – PMT n = – ( PV + FV – = (1 + i (1 + i ) 1 + i 0 ... Payment : End 1 ... Payment : Begin ...

  • Page 52: Kcash Flow Mode

    Because of this, interest calculation results produced by this calculator should be used keeping the above limitation in mind, or the results should be verified. • When you use f and c to select an item that can be calculated, the “=”...
  • Page 53 A Entering the CASH Mode • Press C to enter the CASH Mode. Value Input Screen A cash flow diagram like the one shown below helps to visualize the movement of funds. With this graph, the initial investment amount is represented by CF .
  • Page 54 A Basic CASH Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate net present value (NPV) 1. Input the annual interest ( payment values provided on page E-51. • Use fc to select 1 “ ”, input 3, and then press E. • Use fc to select “Csh =D.Editor ”, and then press E.
  • Page 55 A Other CASH Mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the internal rate of return (IRR) • In step 3 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “IRR:Solve”. • The IRR calculation result is assigned to financial variable (VARS) Example 3: To calculate the payback period (PBP) •...
  • Page 56 (1 + i ) In this formula, 100. It should be noted, however, that minute fractional values tend to accumulate during the subsequent calculations performed automatically by the calculator, so never actually reaches exactly zero. more accurate the closer that u PBP 0 ...

  • Page 57: Kamortization Mode

    k Amortization Mode • The Amortization (AMRT) Mode lets you calculate the principal balance, and the interest portion and principal portion of monthly payments, as well as interest and principal amounts paid to date. : Principal balance upon completion of payment : Interest portion of payment PM1 : Principal portion of payment PM1 Σ...
  • Page 58 1 payment : Total principal paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 (ΣPRN) : Total interest paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 (ΣINT) A Setting Values No. Display 1 Set* Payment Period (Payment) Payment PM1 2 PM1 (Number of Payments) Payment PM2 3 PM2 * (Number of Payments)
  • Page 59 For information about specifying the payment period, see the “Payment” item under “Configuring Settings” on page E-16. Make sure the payment you specify for PM2 comes after the payment you specify for PM1. This variable is used by other modes. The value that initially appears may be a value that was input or calculated in another mode.
  • Page 60 2. Select the value you want to calculate. • For this example, use fc to select “BAL: Solve”. 3. Press l to perform the calculation. • Pressing the E key returns to the value input screen. A Other AMRT Mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the interest amount (INT) included in payment 15 (PM1) •...

  • Page 61: Kconversion Mode

    A Calculation Formulas : Interest portion of payment PM1 (INT) = I BAL : Principal portion of payment PM1 (PRN) = PMT + BAL : Principal balance upon completion of payment PM2 (BAL) = BAL : Total principal paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 (ΣPRN) Σ...
  • Page 62 A Entering the CNVR Mode • Press n to enter the CNVR Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No. Display Number of Annual Compoundings Interest Rate (Annual) A Basic CNVR Mode Procedure Example 1: To convert a nominal interest rate (APR) to an effective interest rate (EFF) 1.

  • Page 63: Kcost/Sell/Margin Mode

    A Other CNVR Mode Calculations Example 2: To convert an effective interest rate (EFF) to a nominal interest rate (APR) • In step 2 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “APR: Solve”. A CNVR Mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) •...
  • Page 64 A Entering the COST Mode • Press o to enter the COST Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No. Display 1 CST Cost 2 SEL Selling Price 3 MRG Margin A Basic COST Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the margin (MRG) 1.
  • Page 65 A Other COST Mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the cost based on margin and selling price 1. Input the margin (MRG) and selling price (SEL) values in step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1). 2. Select 1 “CST” in step 2. Example 3: To calculate the selling price (SEL) based on margin and cost 1.

  • Page 66: Kday Calculation Mode

    k Day Calculation Mode • The Day Calculation (DAYS) Mode lets you calculate the number of dates from one date to another, the date that falls on a specific number of days after a starting date, and the date that falls on a specific number of data prior to an ending date.
  • Page 67 • You must input two digits for the month and day. This means you should include a leading zero for values from 1 through 9 (01, 02, 03... etc.). • You can specify either month, day, year (MDY) or day, month, year (DMY) as the date input format.

  • Page 68: Kdepreciation Mode (Fc-200V Only)

    A Other DAYS Mode Calculations Note • For Example 2 and Example 3, use the setup screen to change the “Date Mode” setting to “365”. • Calculation results “d1” and “d2” are not stored in Answer Memory. Example 2: To calculate date that falls a specific number of days (Dys) from a starting date (d1) 1.
  • Page 69 A Entering the DEPR Mode • Press d to enter the DEPR Mode. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No. Display Useful Life Depreciation Ratio Factor 3 PV Original Cost (Basis) 4 FV Residual Book Value Year for Calculation of Depreciation Cost Number of Months in the 6 YR1...
  • Page 70 • Use fc to select 2 “ Note that you need to input 2 “ using the fixed percent (FP) or declining balance (DB) method. • Use fc to select 3 “PV”, input 150000, and then press E. • Use fc to select 4 “FV”, input 0, and then press •...
  • Page 71 A DEPR Mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables • The values of DEPR Mode variables are retained even if you change to another mode. Note, however, that DEPR Mode variables are also used by other modes, so performing an input or calculation operation may change the values assigned to them.
  • Page 72 u Fixed Percentage Method Fixed percentage method can be used to calculate depreciation for a given period, or to calculate the depreciation rate. = PV × + FV ) × = (RDV j–1 = RDV = PV – FV – FP = RDV –...

  • Page 73: Kbond Mode (Fc-200V Only)

    u Declining Balance Method The declining balance method calculates depreciation for a given period. = PV × 100n = PV – FV – DB = (RDV + FV ) j–1 = RDV – DB j–1 = RDV n +1 : depreciation charge for the : remaining depreciable value at the end of year : factor...
  • Page 74 No. Display Number of Coupon Payments Until Maturity Redemption Price per $100 5 RDV* of face value 6 CPN* Coupon Rate 7 PRC* Price per $100 of face value –97.61645734 8 YLD Annual Yield • You can specify a date (Date) or a number of coupon payments (Term) as the term for bond calculations.
  • Page 75 Note • You can specify a starting date (d1) in the range of January 1,1902 through December 30, 2097. • You can specify an ending date (d2) in the range of January 2,1902 through December 31, 2097. • Input money paid out as a negative value, using the y key to input the minus sign.
  • Page 76 • Press 1 to select “Date”. • Use fc to select 2 “d1”, input 06012004, and then press E. • Use fc to select 3 “d2”, input 12152006, and then press E. • Use fc to select 5 “RDV”, input 100, and then press E.
  • Page 77 Example 3: To calculate a bond purchase price (PRC) based on a specific number of payments (Term) 1. In step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select 2(Term) for “Bond Date”. • This replaces input items d1 and d2 with input item 2.
  • Page 78 A Calculation Formulas Issue date Purchase date (d1) : price per $100 of face value : coupon rate (%) : annual yield (%) : accrued days : number of coupon payments per year (1 = Annual, 2 = Semi-Annual) : number of coupon payments until maturity is used when “Term”...
  • Page 79 Annual Yield (YLD) YLD is calculated using Newton’s Method. Note • This calculator performs annual yield (YLD) calculations using Newton’s Method, which produces approximate values whose precision can be affected by various calculation conditions. Because of this, annual yield...

  • Page 80: Kbreak-Even Mode (Fc-200V Only)

    k Break-Even Mode (FC-200V only) • The Break-Even (BEVN) Mode has six sub-modes that you can use to perform various break-even point calculations. A Entering the BEVN Mode • Press B to enter the BEVN Mode. A BEVN Mode Sub-modes BEV: Break-even point sales quantity and sales amount, sales quantity and sales amount that attains a profit target, sales quantity and sales...
  • Page 81 A Entering the BEV Sub-mode 1. Press B to enter the Break-Even Mode. 2. Use fc to select “BEV:EXE”. 3. Press E. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No. Display Profit or Profit Ratio (PRF/Ratio) 1 Set* Sales Quantity or Sales Amount (B-Even) 2 PRC Sales Price...
  • Page 82 A Basic BEV Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the break-even point sales quantity (QBE) 1. Input the values for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 from the Setting Values table (page E-79). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “Set:”, and then press E.
  • Page 83 3. Press l to perform the calculation. A Other BEV Sub-mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the break-even point sales amount (SBE) 1. Select 2(Sales) for “B-Even” in step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1). 2. In step 2, select “SBE”. Example 3: To calculate the sales quantity (QBE) required to attain a profit target ($400,000) •...

  • Page 84: Kmargin Of Safety Sub-Mode

    A BEV Sub-mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables PRC, VCU, FC, PRF, used in the BEV sub-mode. • BEV sub-mode variable contents are cleared whenever you change to another mode other than the BEVN Mode sub-modes (BEV, MOS, DOL, DFL, DCL, QTY CONV.). A Calculation Formulas u Profit (Setup Screen PRF/Ratio Setting: PRF) –...
  • Page 85 A Entering the MOS Sub-mode 1. Press B to enter the Break-Even Mode. 2. Use fc to select “MOS:EXE”. 3. Press E. Value Input Screen A Setting Values No. Display 1 SAL Sales Amount 2 SBE Break-even Sales Amount 3 MOS Margin of Safety A Basic MOS Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the margin of safety (MOS)

  • Page 86: Kdegree Of Operating Leverage Sub-Mode (Break-Even Mode 3)

    A Other MOS Sub-mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate a sales amount (SAL) or break- even sales amount (SBE) • Use the basic procedure (Example 1), substituting the required values. A MOS Sub-mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables SAL, SBE, and MOS are used in the MOS sub- mode.
  • Page 87 A Setting Values No. Display 1 SAL Sales Amount 2 VC Variable Cost 3 FC Fixed Cost 4 DOL Degree of Operating Leverage A Basic DOL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of operating leverage (DOL) 1. Input the required values from the Setting Values table above.

  • Page 88: Kdegree Of Financial Leverage Sub-Mode (Break-Even Mode 4)

    A DOL Sub-mode Financial Calculation Variables (VARS) • Variables SAL, VC, FC, and DOL are used in the DOL sub-mode. • DOL sub-mode variable contents are cleared whenever you change to another mode other than the BEVN Mode sub-modes (BEV, MOS, DOL, DFL, DCL, QTY CONV.). A Calculation Formula –...
  • Page 89 A Basic DFL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of financial leverage (DFL) 1. Input the required values from the Setting Values table (page E-86). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “EIT”, input 400000, and then press E.

  • Page 90: Kdegree Of Combined Leverage Sub-Mode (Break-Even Mode 5)

    A Calculation Formula – : Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) : Interest : Degree of Financial Leverage k Degree of Combined Leverage Sub- mode (Break-Even Mode 5) • The Degree of Combined Leverage (DCL) sub-mode lets you calculate the degree of operating leverage (percent change in profit due to a change in sales amount), with interest taken into consideration.
  • Page 91 A Basic DCL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of combined leverage (DCL) 1. Input the required values from the Setting Values table (page E-88). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “SAL”, input 1200000, and then press E.

  • Page 92: Kquantity Conversion Sub-Mode

    A Calculation Formula – : Sales Amount : Variable Cost : Fixed Cost : Interest : Degree of Combined Leverage k Quantity Conversion Sub-mode (Break-Even Mode 6) • The Quantity Conversion (QTY CONV.) sub-mode lets you calculate the sales amount, sales price, or sales quantity after inputting the other two values.
  • Page 93 A Setting Values No. Display 1 SAL Sales Amount 2 PRC Sales Price 3 QTY Sales Quantity 4 VC Variable Cost 5 VCU Unit Variable Cost 6 QTY Sales Quantity A Basic QTY CONV. Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the sales quantity (QTY) from the sales amount and sales price 1.
  • Page 94 Example 3: To calculate the sales quantity (QTY) from variable cost and unit variable cost 1. Input the required values from among 4, 5, and 6 in the Setting Values table (page E-91). • In this example, use fc to select 4 “VC”, input 15000, and then press E.
  • Page 95 A Calculation Formulas × : Sales Amount : Sales Price : Sales Quantity : Variable Cost : Unit Variable Cost × E-93...

  • Page 96: Shortcuts

    Shortcuts k Custom Shortcut Keys You can assign a mode, setup information, a value, or a calculation expression to a shortcut key for instant access whenever you need it. This feature comes in handy when you need to often perform the same calculation or input the same data.
  • Page 97 5. Use fc to select “Shortcut1”, and then press 6. In response to the confirmation screen that appears, press E(Yes). • If you want to cancel this operation without assigning anything to 1(Shortcut1) key, press E instead of E in step 6. u To configure the SHORTCUT2 key 1.

  • Page 98: Kfunction Shortcut Keys

    3. Use fc to select “FV”, and then press l to perform the calculation. • This calculates the future value of the investment after five years. The result appears on the display and is stored in Answer Memory (Ans). 4. Press 2(Shortcut2). •...
  • Page 99 u To configure an FMEM key Example: To assign the function “sin 1. Press m to enter the COMP Mode. 2. (1) t –1 ” (fc), then E. (2) “sin 3. Press 1t(STO). • A number sign (#) next to “FMEM1” or “FMEM2” indicates that there is already data assigned to the key.

  • Page 100: Function Calculations

    Pi ( ) and Natural Logarithm Base You can input pi ( calculation. The following shows the required key operations and the values this calculator uses for pi ( π = 3.14159265358980 (15(π)) = 2.71828182845904 (S5( k Trigonometric and Inverse...

  • Page 101: Khyperbolic And Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

    Press the number key that corresponds to the angle unit of the input value. The calculator will automatically convert it to the calculator’s default angle unit. Example 1: To convert the following values to degrees: π...

  • Page 102: Kexponential Functions And Logarithmic Functions

    (15(π)/2) 1G(DRG')2( r )E 501G(DRG') Example 2: cos (π radians) = –1, cos (100 grads) = 0 12(cos)15(π) 1G(DRG')2( r ))E 12(cos)100 1G(DRG')3( Example 3: cos 1. t –1 ” (fc), then E. 2. “cos 3. y1)E 1. t –1 ”...

  • Page 103: Kpower Functions And Power Root Functions

    Example 1: log 16 = 4 1. t 2. “log(” (fc), then E. 3. 21)(,)16)E Example 2: log16 = 1.204119983 1. t 2. “log(” (fc), then E. 3. 16)E A base of 10 (common logarithm) is used if no base is specified. Example 3: ln 90 (= log 90) = 4.49980967 1.
  • Page 104 Example 2: (1 + 1) 1. (1+1)t 2. “^(” (fc), then E. 3. 2+2)E Example 3: 2 1. 2t 2. “3” (fc), then E. 3. E Example 4: (' 2 + 1) (' 2 – 1) = 1 1. (t 2.

  • Page 105: Krectangular-Polar Coordinate Conversion

    Y: Specifies the rectangular coordinate Y value • Calculation result θ is displayed in the range of –180° < θ < 180°. • Calculation result θ is displayed using the calculator’s default angle unit. • Calculation result assigned to Y.

  • Page 106: Kother Functions

    Example 1: (X, Y) = (' 2, ' 2) → ( 1. t 2. “ Pol(” (fc), then E. 3. 15(')2) 1)(,)15(') 2))E Example 2: ( 1. t 2. “ Rec(” (fc), then E. 3. 21)(,)30)E k Other Functions This section explains how to use the functions shown below.
  • Page 107 The random 3 digit decimal values are converted to 3- digit integer values by multiplying by 1000. Note that the values shown here are examples only. Values actually generated by your calculator will be different. 1. 1000t 2. “Ran#” (fc), then E.
  • Page 108 A Permutation ( These functions make it possible to perform permutation and combination calculations. must be integers in the range of 0 < Example: How many four-person permutations and combinations are possible for a group of 10 people? 1. 10t 2.
  • Page 109 (Calculation is performed internally using 15 digits.) 200/7E The following performs the same calculation with rounding. 200/7E (Round the value to the specified number of digits.) (Check rounded result.) *14E 10(Rnd)E *14E E-107...

  • Page 110: Statistical Calculation

    Statistical Calculation All calculations in this section are performed in the STAT Mode (7). A Selecting a Statistical Calculation Type In the STAT Mode, display the statistical calculation type selection screen. k Statistical Calculation Types Use fc to select Item, and then press E. Menu Item 1-VAR Single-variable...
  • Page 111 A FREQ (Frequency) Column If you turn on the Statistical Display item on the calculator’s setup screen, a column labeled “FREQ” will also be included on the STAT editor screen.
  • Page 112 • The number of lines in STAT editor screen (the number of sample data values you can input) depends on the type of statistical data you selected, and on the Statistical Display setting of the calculator’s setup screen (page E-21). Statistical...

  • Page 113: Kstat Calculation Screen

    A Editing Sample Data Replacing the Data in a Cell 1. On the STAT editor screen, move the cursor to the cell you want to edit. 2. Input the new data value or expression, and then press Important! • Note that you must totally replace the existing data of the cell with new input.

  • Page 114: Kusing The Stat Menu

    k Using the STAT Menu While the STAT editor screen or STAT calculation screen is on the display, press 17(S-MENU) to display the STAT menu. The content to the STAT menu depends on whether the currently selected statistical operation type uses a single variable or paired variables.
  • Page 115 Paired-variable Menu Item Select this menu item: 7Reg A Single-variable (1-VAR) Statistical Calculation Commands The following are the commands that appear on the sub- menus that appear when you select 4(Sum), 5(Var) or 6(MinMax) on the STAT menu while a single-variable statistical calculation type is selected.
  • Page 116 MinMax Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)6(MinMax)) Select this menu item: 1minX 2maxX Single-variable Statistical Calculation Example 1: To select single-variable (1-VAR) and input the following data: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} Preparation 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3.
  • Page 117 17(S-MENU) 3(Edit)1(Ins) ccccccccY Example 3: To edit the FREQ data to the following: {1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 2, 1} 17(S-MENU)2(Data)e c2E c2E 2E 2E 3E 4E 2E • Examples 4 through 7 all use the same data as Example Example 4: To calculate sum of squares of the sample data and sum of the sample data.
  • Page 118 17(S-MENU)4(Sum) Example 5: To calculate number of samples, mean, and population standard deviation. 17(S-MENU)5(Var) 17(S-MENU)5(Var) 17(S-MENU)5(Var) Example 6: To calculate minimum value and maximum value. 17(S-MENU)6(MinMax) 17(S-MENU)6(MinMax) 2(Σ 1(n)E σ 1(minX)E 2(maxX)E E-116 STAT STAT STAT STAT STAT STAT...
  • Page 119 A Commands when Linear Regression Calculation (A+BX) Is Selected With linear regression, regression is performed in accordance with the following model equation. The following are the commands that appear on the sub- menus that appear when you select 4(Sum), 5(Var), 6(MinMax), or 7(Reg) on the STAT menu while linear regression is selected as the statistical calculation type.
  • Page 120 Sum Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)4(Sum)) Select this menu item: Σx Σx Σy Σy Σxy Σx Σx Σx Var Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)5(Var)) Select this menu item: xσn xσn –1 yσn yσn –1 MinMax Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)6(MinMax)) Select this menu item: 1minX 2maxX 3minY 4maxY When you want to obtain this: Sum of squares of the X-data Sum of the X-data Sum of squares of the Y-data...
  • Page 121 Reg Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)7(Reg)) Select this menu item: Linear Regression Calculation • Examples 8 through 10 all use the data input in Example Example 7: 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3. 2(Off) 1E 1.2E 1.5E 1.6E 1.9E 2.1E 2.4E 2.5E 2.7E 3E When you want to obtain this: Regression coefficient constant term A...
  • Page 122 1.1E 1.2E 1.3E 1.4E 1.5E 1.6E 1.7E 1.8E Example 8: 17(S-MENU)4(Sum) 17(S-MENU)5(Var) 17(S-MENU) ce1E 5(Σ σ 6(MinMax) 4(maxY)E E-120 STAT STAT STAT STAT STAT STAT...
  • Page 123 Example 9: 17(S-MENU)7(Reg) 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E Example 10: Estimated Value ( y317(S-MENU) 7(Reg)4( Estimated Value ( 217(S-MENU) 7(Reg)5( A Commands when Quadratic Regression Calculation (_+CX With quadratic regression, regression is performed in accordance with the following model equation. 1(A)E = –3 →...
  • Page 124 Calculation formula used for each command Σy – B Σx – Σxy Σx Σx Σx – B + B – B – B n = A + Bx + Cx Reg Sub-menu (17(S-MENU)7(Reg)) Select this menu item: Σx Σx – C –...
  • Page 125 • Sum sub-menu (sums), Var sub-menu (number of samples, mean, standard deviation), and MinMax sub- menu (maximum value, minimum value) operations are the same those for linear regression calculations. Quadratic Regression Calculation • Examples 11 through 13 all use the data input in Example 7 (page E-119).
  • Page 126 Example 13: → m 317(S-MENU)7(Reg) → m 317(S-MENU)7(Reg) → n 217(S-MENU)7(Reg) A Comments for Other Types of Regression For details about the calculation formula of the command included in each regression type, refer to the indicated calculation formulas. Statistical Calculation Type Logarithmic Regression (ln X) Exponential Regression ( Exponential Regression...
  • Page 127 Logarithmic Regression (ln X) Σy – B . Σ n . Σ y – Σ ( ln n . Σ – ( ln n . Σ n . Σ ( ln y – A m = e n = A + Blnx Exponential Regression ( y –...
  • Page 128 Power Regression (A•X^B) y – B . Σ Σ A = exp n . Σ y – Σ n . Σ – ( ln n . Σ n . Σ – ( ln ln y – ln A n = Ax Inverse Regression (1/X) B .
  • Page 129 Comparison of Regression Curves • The following example uses the data input in Example 7 (page E-119). Example 14: To compare the correlation coefficient for logarithmic, power, and inverse regression. 17(S-MENU)1(Type) cccE(In X)A 17(S-MENU)7(Reg) 17(S-MENU)1(Type) ccccE( 17(S-MENU)7(Reg) 17(S-MENU)1(Type) cccccE(A•B^X) A17(S-MENU)7(Reg) 17(S-MENU)1(Type) ccccccE(A•X^B) A17(S-MENU)7(Reg)
  • Page 130 Other Types of Regression Calculation Example 15: 23.5 38.0 46.4 48.9 7cccE(ln X) 29E 50E 74E 103E 118E ce1.6E 23.5E 38E 46.4E 48.9E A17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)1(A)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E → n = 80 8017(S-MENU) 7(Reg)5( → m = 73 7317(S-MENU) 7(Reg)4( Blnx 1.
  • Page 131 Example 16: 21.4 12.9 15.7 19.8 12.1 26.7 35.1 7ccccE( 6.9E 12.9E 19.8E 26.7E 35.1E ce21.4E 15.7E 12.1E 8.5E A17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)1(A)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E → n = 16 1617(S-MENU) 7(Reg)5( → m = 20 2017(S-MENU) 7(Reg)4( 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3.
  • Page 132 Example 17: –1 0.24 16.2 7cccccE(A•B^X) y1E 3E 5E ce0.24E 4E 16.2E 513E A17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)1(A)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E → n = 15 1517(S-MENU) 7(Reg)5( → m = 1.02 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)4( AB x 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3.
  • Page 133 Example 18: 2410 3033 3895 4491 5717 7ccccccE(A•X^B) 28E 30E 33E 35E 38E ce2410E 3033E 3895E 4491E 5717E A17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)1(A)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E → n = 40 4017(S-MENU) 7(Reg)5( → m = 1000 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)4( 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3.
  • Page 134 Example 19: 18.3 7cccccccE(1/X) 1.1E 2.1E 2.9E 4E ce18.3E 9.7E 6.8E 4.9E 4.1E A17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)1(A)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)2(B)E 17(S-MENU) 7(Reg)3(r)E → n = 3.5 3.517(S-MENU) 7(Reg)5( → m = 15 1517(S-MENU) 7(Reg)4( + –– 1. s 2. “STAT” (fc), then E. 3.
  • Page 135 A Command Usage Tips • The commands included in the Reg sub-menu can take a long time to execute in logarithmic, exponential, or power regression calculation when there are a large number of data samples. E-133 exponential,...

  • Page 136: Technical Information

    Technical Information k Calculation Priority Sequence The calculator performs calculations according to a calculation priority sequence. • Basically, calculations are performed from left to right. • Expressions within parentheses have the highest priority. • The following shows the priority sequence for each individual command.
  • Page 137 Example: 1. y2 –2 = –4 2. t 3. “2” (fc), then E. 4. E 1. (y2) (–2) 2. t 3. “2” (fc), then E. 4. E Multiplication and division, and multiplication where the sign is omitted are the same priority (Priority 6), so these operations are performed from left to right when both types are mixed in the same calculation.

  • Page 138: Kstack Limitations

    Stack Limitations This calculator uses memory areas called stacks to temporarily store lower calculation priority sequence values, commands, and functions. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels, as shown in the illustration below.

  • Page 139: Precision

    k Calculation Ranges, Number of Digits, and Precision The calculation range, number of digits used for internal calculation, and calculation precision depends on the type of calculation you are performing. Calculation Range and Precision Calculation Range Number of Digits for Internal Calculation Precision Function Calculation Input Ranges and Precision...
  • Page 140 Functions –1 tanh 0 –9.999999999 10 –9.999999999 10  1  1  1  1 Pol( , ) 0 Rec( θ : Same as sin Œ0: –1 10 0: However: –1 10 Œ0: 0: However: –1 10 • Precision is basically the same as that described under “Calculation Range and Precision”...

  • Page 141: Kspecial Financial Calculation Error Messages

    Financial Calculation Ranges Natural number from 1 to 9999 Integer from 1 to 9999 PM1 < PM2 January 1, 1901 through December 31, 2099 January 1, 1902 through December 30, 2097 (BOND Mode only) January 1, 1901 through December 31, 2099 January 2, 1902 through December 31, 2097 (BOND Mode only) Positive natural number...

  • Page 142: Kerror Messages

    CPN is 0: RDV > 0, PRC < 0 not satisfied ... Math ERROR k Error Messages The calculator will display an error message when a result exceeds the calculation range, when you attempt an illegal input, or whenever any other similar problem occurs.
  • Page 143 Math ERROR Cause • The intermediate or final result of the calculation you are performing exceeds the allowable calculation range. • Your input exceeds the allowable input range. • The calculation you are performing contains an illegal mathematical operation (such as division by zero). Action •...

  • Page 144: Kbefore Assuming Malfunction Of The Calculator

    3. If the above steps do not correct your problem, press the O key. This will cause the calculator to perform a routine that checks whether calculation functions are operating correctly. If the calculator discovers any abnormality, it automatically initializes the calculation mode and clears memory contents.

  • Page 145: Reference

    Normally, calculators equipped with a solar cell alone can operate only when relatively bright light is present. The TWO WAY POWER system, however, lets you continue to use the calculator as long as there is enough light to read the display. A Replacing the Battery...

  • Page 146: Replacing The Battery

    This calculator is powered by a single AAA-size battery (R03 (UM-4)). A Replacing the Battery Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when display figures becomes dim.

  • Page 147: Auto Power Off

    Auto Power Off Your calculator will turn off automatically if you do not perform any operation for about six minutes. If this happens, press the O key to turn the calculator back on. ends facing E-145 Screw...

  • Page 148: Specifications

    Operating Temperature: 0°C to 40°C Dimensions: 12.2 (H) × 80 (W) × 161 (D) mm Approximate Weight: 105g (3.7 oz) including the battery Bundled Items: Hard Case FC-100V Power Requirements: AAA-size battery: R03 (UM-4) × 1 Battery Life: Approximately 17,000 hours (continuous display of flashing cursor) Power Consumption: 0.0002 W...
  • Page 149 CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. 6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan SA0409-C Printed in China...

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