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HP 33120A User Manual

Function generator / arbitrary waveform generator
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Note: Unless otherwise indicated, this manual applies to all Serial Numbers.
The HP 33120A is a high-performance 15 MHz synthesized function
generator with built-in arbitrary waveform capability. Its combination
of bench-top and system features makes this function generator a
versatile solution for your testing requirements now and in the future.
Convenient bench-top features
• 10 standard waveforms
• Built-in 12-bit 40 MSa/s arbitrary waveform capability
• Easy-to-use knob input
• Highly visible vacuum-fluorescent display
• Instrument state storage
• Portable, ruggedized case with non-skid feet
Flexible system features
• Four downloadable 16,000-point arbitrary waveform memories
• HP-IB (IEEE-488) interface and RS-232 interface are standard
• SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments) compatibility
• Optional HP 34811A BenchLink/Arb Waveform Generation Software
®
for Microsoft
Windows
TM
HP 33120A
Function Generator /
Arbitrary Waveform Generator

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Summary of Contents for HP 33120A

  • Page 1 Note: Unless otherwise indicated, this manual applies to all Serial Numbers. The HP 33120A is a high-performance 15 MHz synthesized function generator with built-in arbitrary waveform capability. Its combination of bench-top and system features makes this function generator a versatile solution for your testing requirements now and in the future.

  • Page 2: The Front Panel At A Glance

    The Front Panel at a Glance 1 Function / Modulation keys 5 Recall / Store instrument state key 2 Menu operation keys 6 Enter Number key 3 Waveform modify keys 7 Shift / Local key 4 Single / Internal Trigger key 8 Enter Number “units”...

  • Page 3: Front-Panel Number Entry

    Front-Panel Number Entry You can enter numbers from the front-panel using one of three methods. Use the knob and the arrow keys to modify the displayed number. Use the arrow keys to edit individual digits. Increments the flashing digit. the flashing digit. Decrements Moves the flashing digit to the right...
  • Page 4 The Front-Panel Menu at a Glance T he menu is organized in a top-down tree structure with three levels. A: MODulation MENU ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 1: AM SHAPE 2: AM SOURCE 3: FM SHAPE 4: BURST CNT 5: BURST RATE ’...

  • Page 5: Display Annunciators

    Display Annunciators Adrs Function generator is addressed to listen or talk over a remote interface. Function generator is in remote mode (remote interface). Trig Function generator is waiting for a single trigger or external trigger (Burst, Sweep). AM modulation is enabled. FM modulation is enabled.

  • Page 6: Quick Start

    Quick Start...
  • Page 7 Quick Start One of the first things you will want to do with your function generator is to become acquainted with its front panel. We have written the exercises in this chapter to prepare the function generator for use and help you get familiar with some of the front-panel operations.

  • Page 8: To Prepare The Function Generator For Use

    The front-panel display will light up while the function generator performs its power-on self-test. The bus address is displayed. HP-IB Notice that the function generator powers up in the sine wave function at 1 kHz with an amplitude of 100 mV peak-to-peak (into a 50Ω...
  • Page 9 The function generator is shipped from the factory with a 500 mAT fuse installed. This is the correct fuse for all line voltages. See the next page if you need to change the power-line fuse. To replace the 500 mAT fuse, order HP part number 2110-0458.
  • Page 10 . Remove the the assembly. fuse-holder assembly from the rear panel. Fuse: 500 mAT (for all line voltages) HP Part Number: 2110-0458 Rotate the line-voltage selector until the Replace the fuse-holder assembly in correct voltage appears in the window. the rear panel.

  • Page 11: Chapter 1 Quick Start To Adjust The Carrying Handle

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To adjust the carrying handle To adjust the carrying handle To adjust the position, grasp the handle by the sides and pull outward. Then, rotate the handle to the desired position. Bench-top viewing positions Carrying position...

  • Page 12: To Set The Output Frequency

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To set the output frequency To set the output frequency At power-on, the function generator outputs a sine wave at 1 kHz with an amplitude of 100 mV peak-to-peak (into a 50Ω termination). The following steps show you how to change the frequency to 1.2 MHz. Freq 1 Enable the frequency modify mode.

  • Page 13: Chapter 1 Quick Start To Set The Output Amplitude

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To set the output amplitude To set the output amplitude At power-on, the function generator outputs a sine wave with an amplitude of 100 mV peak-to-peak (into a 50Ω termination). The following steps show you how to change the amplitude to 50 mVrms. Ampl 1 Enable the amplitude modify mode.

  • Page 14: To Set A Dc Offset Voltage

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To set a dc offset voltage To set a dc offset voltage At power-on, the function generator outputs a sine wave with a dc offset voltage of 0 volts (into a 50Ω termination). The following steps show you how to change the offset to –1.5 mVdc.

  • Page 15: Chapter 1 Quick Start To Set The Duty Cycle

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To set the duty cycle To set the duty cycle Applies only to square waves. At power-on, the duty cycle for square waves is 50%. You can adjust the duty cycle for a square waveform from 20% to 80%, in increments of 1% (for frequencies above 5 MHz, the range is 40% to 60%).

  • Page 16: To Output A Stored Arbitrary Waveform

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To output a stored arbitrary waveform To output a stored arbitrary waveform There are five built-in arbitrary waveforms stored in non-volatile memory for your use. You can output these waveforms directly from non-volatile memory. The following steps show you how to output an “exponential rise”...

  • Page 17: Chapter 1 Quick Start To Output A Dc Voltage

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To output a dc voltage To output a dc voltage In addition to generating waveforms, you can also output a dc voltage in the range ± 5 Vdc (into a 50Ω termination). The following steps show you how to output +155 mVdc.

  • Page 18: To Store The Instrument State

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To store the instrument state To store the instrument state You can store up to three different instrument states in non-volatile memory. This enables you to recall the entire instrument configuration with just a few key presses from the front panel. The following steps show you how to store and recall a state.

  • Page 19: Chapter 1 Quick Start To Store The Instrument State

    Chapter 1 Quick Start To store the instrument state To verify that the state was stored properly, you can turn the power off before recalling the state. Recall 5 Recall the stored instrument state. To recall the stored state, you must use the same memory location used previously to store the state.

  • Page 20: Front-Panel Menu Operation

    Front-Panel Menu Operation...
  • Page 21 See chapter 3 “Features and Functions,” starting on page 53, for a complete discussion of the function generator’s capabilities and operation. If you purchased the Phase-Lock Option for the HP 33120A, an additional menu is available from the front panel.

  • Page 22: Front-Panel Menu Reference

    Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation Front-panel menu reference Front-panel menu reference A: MODulation MENU ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 1: AM SHAPE 2: AM SOURCE 3: FM SHAPE 4: BURST CNT 5: BURST RATE ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 6: BURST PHAS 7: BURST SRC 8: FSK FREQ 9: FSK RATE...
  • Page 23 2: INTERFACE 3: BAUD RATE 4: PARITY 5: LANGUAGE 1: HPIB ADDR Sets the HP-IB bus address (0 to 30). 2: INTERFACE Selects the HP-IB or RS-232 interface. 3: BAUD RATE Selects the baud rate for RS-232 operation. 4: PARITY Selects even, odd, or no parity for RS-232 operation.
  • Page 24 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A front-panel menu tutorial A front-panel menu tutorial This section is a step-by-step tutorial which shows you how to use the front-panel menu. We recommend that you spend a few minutes with this tutorial to get comfortable with the structure and operation of the menu.
  • Page 25 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A front-panel menu tutorial Messages Displayed During Menu Use ∧ You pressed while on the “ ” level; this is the top level of the TOP OF MENU MENUS menu and you cannot go any higher. Shift Menu On/Off To turn off the menu, press...
  • Page 26 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A front-panel menu tutorial Menu Example 1 The following steps show you how to turn on the menu, move up and down between levels, move across the choices on each level, and turn off the menu. In this example, you will enable the function generator to automatically recall the power-down state when power is turned on.
  • Page 27 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A front-panel menu tutorial ∨ 5 Move down a level to the “ ” choices. PARAMETER The first parameter choice is “ ” for the command DEFAULT POWER ON (“ ” is the factory setting and is stored in non-volatile memory). DEFAULT DEFAULT >...
  • Page 28 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A front-panel menu tutorial Menu Example 2 The following example shows how to use the recall menu feature as a shortcut to set the command back to its original setting. POWER ON You must perform the steps in Example 1 before you start this example. Shift 1 Use recall menu to return to the command.
  • Page 29 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A front-panel menu tutorial Menu Example 3 Some commands in the menu require that you enter a numeric parameter value. The following steps show you how to enter a number in the menu. For this example, you will set the number of cycles for the burst modulation mode.
  • Page 30 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation A front-panel menu tutorial ∨ 4 Move down a level to edit the parameter. BURST CNT The number of cycles should be “1” when you come to this point in the menu for the first time. For this example, you will set the number of cycles to “4”.

  • Page 31: Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Select The Output Termination

    Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To select the output termination To select the output termination The function generator has a fixed output impedance of 50 ohms on the OUTPUT terminal. You can specify whether you are terminating the Ω output into a 50 load or an open circuit.

  • Page 32: Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Output A Modulated Waveform

    Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output a modulated waveform To output a modulated waveform A modulated waveform consists of a carrier and a modulating waveform. In (amplitude modulation), the amplitude of the carrier is varied by the amplitude of the modulating waveform. For this example, you will output an AM waveform with 80% modulation depth.
  • Page 33 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output a modulated waveform ∨ 4 Move down a level and verify that “ ” is selected. SINE For the modulating waveform, you can select a sine, square, triangle, ramp, noise, or arbitrary waveform. For this example, you will modulate the carrier with a sine waveform.
  • Page 34 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output a modulated waveform Shift Level 7 Set the modulation depth to 80%. Notice that the annunciator flashes, indicating that the displayed percentage is the depth (also called percent modulation). DEPTH This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds. Repeat this step as needed.

  • Page 35: To Output An Fsk Waveform

    Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output an FSK waveform To output an FSK waveform You can configure the function generator to “shift” its output frequency between two preset values using (frequency-shift keying) modulation. The rate at which the output shifts between the two frequencies (called the “carrier frequency”...
  • Page 36 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output an FSK waveform ∨ 4 Move down a level and set the “hop” frequency to 500 Hz. Notice that the annunciator flashes, indicating that the displayed parameter is for the mode. Also notice that the hop frequency is displayed with fewer digits than the carrier frequency.
  • Page 37 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output an FSK waveform > 7 Move across to the command. FSK RATE 9: FSK RATE ∨ 8 Move down a level and set the “shift” rate to 100 Hz. Notice that the annunciator flashes, indicating that the displayed parameter is for the mode.

  • Page 38: Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Output A Burst Waveform

    Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output a burst waveform To output a burst waveform You can configure the function generator to output a waveform with a specified number of cycles, called a burst. You can output the burst at a rate determined by the internal rate generator or the signal level on the rear-panel Ext Trig terminal.
  • Page 39 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output a burst waveform ∨ 4 Move down to the parameter level and set the count to “3”. Notice that the annunciator flashes, indicating that the displayed Burst parameter is for the burst mode. For more information on editing numbers in the menu, refer to “Menu Example 3”...

  • Page 40: Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Output A Frequency Sweep

    Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output a frequency sweep To output a frequency sweep In the frequency sweep mode, the function generator “steps” from the start frequency to the stop frequency at a sweep rate which you specify. You can sweep up or down in frequency, and with either linear or logarithmic spacing.
  • Page 41 Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To output a frequency sweep ∨ 4 Move down a level and set the start frequency to 50 Hz. Notice that the annunciator flashes, indicating that the displayed parameter is for the sweep mode. For more information on editing numbers in the menu, refer to “Menu Example 3”...

  • Page 42: Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Trigger A Burst Or Sweep

    Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To trigger a burst or sweep To trigger a burst or sweep You can issue triggers from the front-panel for burst modulation and frequency sweeps using single trigger or internal trigger. Enables single trigger and triggers the generator.

  • Page 43: Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To Turn Off The Comma Separator

    Chapter 2 Front-Panel Menu Operation To turn off the comma separator To turn off the comma separator The function generator can display values on the front panel with or without a comma separator. The following steps show how to turn off the comma separator.

  • Page 44: Features And Functions

    Features and Functions...
  • Page 45 Features and Functions You will find that this chapter makes it easy to look up all the details about a particular feature of the function generator. Whether you are operating the function generator from the front panel or over the remote interface, this chapter will be useful.

  • Page 46: Output Configuration

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration Output Configuration This section contains information to help you configure the function generator for outputting waveforms. You may never have to change some of the parameters discussed here, but they are provided to give you the flexibility you might need.
  • Page 47 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration • The following matrix shows which output functions are allowed with Output Function each modulation mode. Each “ ” indicates a valid combination. If you (continued) change to a function that is not allowed with the selected modulation, the modulation mode is turned off.

  • Page 48: Output Frequency

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration Output Frequency As shown below, the output frequency range depends on the function currently selected. The default frequency is 1 kHz for all functions. Function Minimum Frequency Maximum Frequency µ Sine 15 MHz µ...
  • Page 49 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration • Possible Conflict with Function Change: The output frequency is Output Frequency automatically adjusted if you select a function whose maximum (continued) frequency is less than that of the currently active function. For example, if you output a 1 MHz sine wave and then change the function to triangle wave, the function generator will adjust the output to 100 kHz (the upper limit for triangle waves).

  • Page 50: Output Amplitude

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration Output Amplitude As shown below, the output amplitude range depends on the function currently selected and the output termination. The default amplitude is 100 mVpp (into 50 ohms) for all functions. Output Minimum Maximum Function Termination...
  • Page 51 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration • Output Amplitude and Output Termination: The output amplitude is Output Amplitude automatically adjusted (and no error is generated) if you change the (continued) output termination. For example, if you set the amplitude to 10 Vpp and then change the termination from 50 ohms to “high impedance”, the displayed amplitude will double to 20 Vpp.
  • Page 52 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration • You can set the units for output amplitude to Vpp, Vrms, or dBm. See “Output Units” on page 64 for more information. • For dc volts, the output level is actually controlled by setting the ±...

  • Page 53: Dc Offset Voltage

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration DC Offset Voltage At power-on, the dc offset is set to 0 volts. You can set the offset to a positive or negative number with the restrictions shown below. If the specified offset voltage is not valid, the function generator will automatically adjust it to the maximum dc voltage allowed with the present amplitude.
  • Page 54 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration • For arbitrary waveforms, the annunciator will turn on if the Offset waveform data has an inherent offset present (if the average is not equal to zero). The function generator calculates the average of the data points and compares the average to zero volts.

  • Page 55: Output Units

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration Output Units Applies only to output amplitude (does not affect offset). At power-on, the units for output amplitude are volts peak-to-peak. • Output units: Vpp , Vrms, or dBm. The default is Vpp. •...

  • Page 56: Output Termination

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration Output Termination Applies only to output amplitude and offset voltage. The function generator has a fixed output impedance of 50 ohms on the OUTPUT terminal. You can specify whether you are terminating the output into a 50 ohm load or an open circuit.

  • Page 57: Duty Cycle

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration Duty Cycle Applies only to square waves. Duty cycle is specified as a percentage and represents the amount of time per cycle that the square wave is high. Duty Cycle = (where T = frequency •...
  • Page 58 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration • Possible Conflict with Output Frequency: The duty cycle is auto- matically adjusted if you select a frequency that is not valid with the present duty cycle. For example, if you set the duty cycle to 70% and then change the frequency to 8 MHz, the function generator will automatically adjust the duty cycle to 60% (the upper limit for this frequency).

  • Page 59: Sync Signal

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration SYNC Signal A sync signal output is provided on the front-panel SYNC terminal. All of the standard output functions (except dc and noise) have an associated sync signal. For certain applications where you may not want to output the sync signal, you can disable the SYNC terminal.

  • Page 60: Instrument State Storage

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration Instrument State Storage You can store up to three different instrument states in non-volatile memory. This enables you to recall the entire instrument configuration with a single command from the remote interface or with just a few key presses from the front panel.
  • Page 61 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration • When power is turned off, the function generator automatically stores State Storage its state in memory location “0”. You can configure the function (continued) generator to automatically recall the power-down state when power is restored.

  • Page 62: Amplitude Modulation (Am)

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Amplitude Modulation (AM) Amplitude Modulation (AM) A modulated waveform consists of a carrier waveform and a modulating waveform. In , the amplitude of the carrier is varied by the amplitude of the modulating waveform. The function generator will accept an internal modulating signal, an external modulating signal, or both.

  • Page 63: Carrier Frequency

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Amplitude Modulation (AM) Carrier Waveform Shape • AM carrier shape: Sine , Square, Triangle, Ramp, or Arbitrary waveform. The default is Sine. • You cannot use the noise function or dc volts as the carrier waveform. •...
  • Page 64 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Amplitude Modulation (AM) Modulating Waveform Shape The function generator will accept an internal modulating signal, an external modulating signal, or both. • Modulating waveform shape (internal source): Sine , Square, Triangle, Ramp, Noise, or Arbitrary waveform. The default is Sine. •...

  • Page 65: Modulating Waveform Frequency

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Amplitude Modulation (AM) Modulating Waveform Frequency The function generator will accept an internal modulating signal, an external modulating signal, or both. • Modulating frequency (internal source): 10 mHz to 20 kHz. The default is 100 Hz. •...

  • Page 66: Modulating Source

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Amplitude Modulation (AM) Modulating Source The function generator will accept an internal modulating signal, an external modulating signal, or both. • Modulating source: Internal-External (both) or External only. The default is Both (internal-external). • The External modulating source is always enabled. •...

  • Page 67: Frequency Modulation (Fm)

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Modulation (FM) Frequency Modulation (FM) A modulated waveform consists of a carrier waveform and a modulating waveform. In , the frequency of the carrier is varied by the amplitude of the modulating waveform. The function generator will accept only an internal modulating signal (no external source is available).
  • Page 68 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Modulation (FM) Carrier Waveform Shape • FM carrier shape: Sine , Square, Triangle, Ramp, or Arbitrary waveform. The default is Sine. • You cannot use the noise function or dc volts as the carrier waveform. •...
  • Page 69 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Modulation (FM) Carrier Frequency • Carrier frequency: 10 mHz to 15 MHz (100 kHz for triangle and ramp). The default is 1 kHz. • For arbitrary waveforms, the maximum carrier frequency depends on the number of points specified in the waveform. The five built-in arbitrary waveforms can be output at a maximum of 5 MHz.
  • Page 70 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Modulation (FM) Modulating Waveform Shape The function generator will accept only an internal modulating signal. • Modulating waveform shape (internal source): Sine , Square, Triangle, Ramp, Noise, or Arbitrary waveform. The default is Sine. •...

  • Page 71: Peak Frequency Deviation

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Modulation (FM) Peak Frequency Deviation The peak frequency deviation represents the variation in frequency of the modulating waveform from the carrier frequency. • Peak frequency deviation: 10 mHz to 7.5 MHz. The default is 100 Hz. •...

  • Page 72: Burst Modulation

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation Burst Modulation You can configure the function generator to output a waveform with a specified number of cycles, called a burst. You can output the burst at a rate determined by the internal rate generator or an external signal applied to the rear-panel connector.

  • Page 73: Burst Trigger Source

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation Burst Trigger Source In the triggered burst mode, the function generator outputs a waveform with the specified number of cycles (burst count) each time a trigger is received. After the specified number of cycles has been output, the function generator waits for the next trigger while outputting no signal (zero volts or the dc offset level).
  • Page 74 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation Burst Source In the external gated burst mode, the output waveform is either “on” or “off ” based on the level of the external signal applied to the rear-panel Ext Trig terminal. When the gate signal is true, the function generator outputs a continuous waveform.
  • Page 75 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation To Select Burst Modulation • annunciator turns on when burst modulation is enabled. Burst • Only one modulation mode can be enabled at a time. When you enable the burst mode, the previous modulation mode is turned off. •...
  • Page 76 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation • For arbitrary waveforms used as the carrier waveform, the maximum frequency depends on the number of points specified in the waveform. The five built-in arbitrary waveforms can be output at a maximum of 5 MHz (be sure to note the restrictions below).
  • Page 77 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation • For all waveforms used with burst, if the carrier frequency is set Carrier Frequency less than or equal to 100 Hz, the following relationship applies. (continued) Burst Count ≤ 500 seconds For Carrier ≤ 100 Hz Carrier Frequency If you attempt to set the carrier frequency to a value that is not valid, the function generator will automatically adjust the frequency to the...

  • Page 78: Burst Count

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation Burst Count The burst count defines the number of cycles to be output per burst. Used only in the triggered burst mode (internal or external source). Certain combinations of burst count and carrier frequency are not allowed.

  • Page 79: Burst Rate

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation Burst Rate The burst rate defines the frequency at which internally triggered bursts are generated. The burst rate frequency defines the interval between bursts. Used only in the internal triggered burst mode. Keep in mind that the burst rate is different than the “carrier frequency” which specifies the frequency of the bursted signal.

  • Page 80: Burst Phase

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Burst Modulation Burst Phase The burst phase defines the starting phase of the burst. • Burst phase: -360 degrees to +360 degrees, in 0.001 degree increments. The default is 0 degrees. • For sine, square, triangle, and ramp waveforms, 0 degrees is the point at which the waveform crosses zero volts (or the dc offset value), in a positive-going direction.

  • Page 81: Frequency-Shift Keying (Fsk) Modulation

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation You can configure the function generator to “shift” its output frequency between two preset values using modulation. The rate at which the output shifts between the two frequencies (called the “carrier frequency” and the “hop frequency”) is determined by the internal rate generator or the signal level on the rear-panel FSK terminal.

  • Page 82: Fsk Carrier Frequency

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation FSK Carrier Frequency • Carrier frequency: 10 mHz to 15 MHz (100 kHz for triangle and ramp). The default is 1 kHz. You can use sine, square, ramp, triangle, or arbitrary waveforms for the carrier waveform. •...

  • Page 83: Fsk "Hop" Frequency

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation FSK “Hop” Frequency • Hop frequency: 10 mHz to 15 MHz (100 kHz for triangle and ramp). The default is 100 Hz. You can use sine, square, ramp, triangle, or arbitrary waveforms for the hop frequency waveshape. •...

  • Page 84: Fsk Source

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation FSK Rate The FSK rate is the rate at which the output frequency “shifts” between the carrier frequency and the hop frequency when you select the internal source. • FSK rate (internal source): 10 mHz to 50 kHz. The default is 10 Hz. •...

  • Page 85: Frequency Sweep

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Sweep Frequency Sweep In the frequency sweep mode, the function generator “steps” from the start frequency to the stop frequency at a sweep rate which you specify. You can sweep up or down in frequency, and with either linear or logarithmic spacing.

  • Page 86: Start Frequency And Stop Frequency

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Sweep Start Frequency and Stop Frequency The start frequency and stop frequency set the upper and lower frequency bounds for the sweep. The function generator begins at the start frequency, sweeps to the stop frequency, and then resets back to the start frequency.

  • Page 87: Sweep Time

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Sweep Sweep Time The sweep time specifies the number of seconds required to sweep from the start frequency to the stop frequency. The number of frequency points in the sweep depends on the sweep time you select and is automatically calculated by the function generator.

  • Page 88: Sweep Trigger Source

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Sweep Sweep Trigger Source In the triggered sweep mode, the function generator outputs a single sweep each time a trigger is received. After one sweep from the start frequency to the stop frequency, the function generator waits for the next trigger while outputting the start frequency.
  • Page 89 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Triggering Applies only to bursts and frequency sweep. You can issue triggers for bursts and sweeps using internal triggering, single triggering, or external triggering. • Internal or “automatic” triggering is enabled when you turn on the function generator.

  • Page 90: Trigger Source Choices

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Trigger Source Choices Applies only to burst and sweep. You must specify the source from which the function generator will accept a trigger. • From the front panel, the function generator will accept a single trigger, a hardware trigger from the Ext Trig terminal, or continuously output bursts or sweeps using the internal trigger.
  • Page 91 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Single Triggering In the single trigger mode (front panel only), you can manually trigger the function generator by pressing the front-panel key. The function generator outputs one burst or Single initiates one sweep each time you press the key. The Trig annunciator turns on when the function generator is waiting for a single trigger.
  • Page 92 -488 Group Execute Trigger ( ) message. IEEE The following statement shows how to send a using HP BASIC. Group Execute Trigger TRIGGER 710 • The following statement shows how to send a trigger from the HP-IB interface using the Command Library for C or QuickBASIC.
  • Page 93 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Triggering Ext Trig / FSK / Burst Input Terminal INPUT > 1 µs This terminal is used in the following modes: • Triggered Sweep Mode: Press or execute TRIG:SOUR EXT Single from the remote interface to enable the triggered sweep mode (sweeps must be enabled).

  • Page 94: Arbitrary Waveforms

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Arbitrary Waveforms Arbitrary Waveforms There are five built-in arbitrary waveforms stored in non-volatile memory. You can also download up to four user-defined waveforms into non-volatile memory. Each waveform can contain between 8 and 16,000 data points. Refer to chapter 7, “Tutorial”, for more information on the internal operation of downloading and outputting an arbitrary waveform.
  • Page 95 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Arbitrary Waveforms ∨ 4 Move down a level to the “ ” choices. PARAMETER The first parameter choice is “ ” for the command. CLEAR MEM NEW ARB If you have previously downloaded any user-defined waveforms, you will also see commands like “...
  • Page 96 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Arbitrary Waveforms Enter 9 Save the change and turn off the menu. The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the change is now in effect. You are then exited from the menu. COMPUTING Shift 10 Use Recall Menu to return to the...
  • Page 97 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Arbitrary Waveforms 14 Increment to point “299” and set the end point to a value of “1”. Use the left/right arrow keys to move between the point field (left) and the floating-point value (right). As you modify the value, the end point is output.
  • Page 98 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Arbitrary Waveforms ∨ 19 Move down a level to save the waveform in non-volatile memory. At this point, the pulse waveform is being output from volatile memory. You can store up to four user-defined waveforms in non-volatile memory. From the front panel, you can save the waveform using one of the following names: ARB1, ARB2, ARB3, or ARB4.
  • Page 99 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Arbitrary Waveforms Additional Information on Arbitrary Waveforms • Press the key to output the arbitrary waveform currently selected (to scroll through the waveform choices and make a selection, press Arb List • In addition to creating a new arbitrary waveform from the front panel, you can also edit any existing user-defined waveforms.

  • Page 100: System-Related Operations

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations System-Related Operations This section gives information on topics such as power-down recall, self-test, error conditions, and front-panel display control. This information is not directly related to waveform generation but is an important part of operating the function generator. Power-Down Recall Mode When power is turned off, the function generator automatically stores its state in memory location “0”.

  • Page 101: Error Conditions

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations Error Conditions When the front-panel annunciator turns on, one or more ERROR command syntax or hardware errors have been detected. A record of up to 20 errors can be stored in the function generator’s error queue. See chapter 5, “Error Messages,”...
  • Page 102 Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations Self-Test • A power-on self-test occurs automatically when you turn on the function generator. This limited test assures you that the function generator is operational. • A complete self-test runs a series of tests and takes approximately 10 seconds to execute.

  • Page 103: Display Control

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions System-Related Operations Display Control To speed up the rate at which the function generator can make configuration changes, or for security reasons, you may want to turn off the front-panel display. From the remote interface, you can also display a message containing up to 11 characters on the front panel.

  • Page 104: Comma Separators

    • Front-Panel Operation: X.X-X.X-X.X 6: REVISION (SYS MENU) • Remote Interface Operation: *IDN? Returns “HEWLETT-PACKARD,33120A,0,X.X-X.X-X.X” Be sure to dimension a string variable with at least 40 characters.

  • Page 105: Remote Interface Configuration

    The address is set to “10” when the function generator is shipped from the factory. The HP-IB address can be set from the front-panel only. • The address is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset.

  • Page 106: Remote Interface Selection

    IEEE interface and an -232 interface. Only one interface can be enabled at a time. The HP-IB interface is selected when the function generator is shipped from the factory. The remote interface can be selected from the front-panel only. • The interface selection is stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset.

  • Page 107: Baud Rate Selection

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Remote Interface Configuration Baud Rate Selection ( -232) You can select one of six baud rates for -232 operation. The rate is set to 9600 baud when the function generator is shipped from the factory. The baud rate can be set from the front-panel only.
  • Page 108 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Remote Interface Configuration Programming Language Query The function generator complies with the rules and conventions of the present version of (Standard Commands for Programmable SCPI Instruments). You can verify from the front-panel that the SCPI language is selected.

  • Page 109: Calibration Overview

    Only the last six characters are recognized from the front panel, but all eight characters are required. To unsecure the function generator from the front panel, omit the “HP” and enter the remaining characters as shown on the following pages. (8 characters)
  • Page 110 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview To Unsecure for Calibration You can unsecure the function generator for calibration either from the front panel or over the remote interface. The function generator is secured when shipped from the factory and the security code is set to “HP033120”. •...
  • Page 111 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview To Secure Against Calibration You can secure the function generator against accidental calibration either from the front panel or over the remote interface. The function generator is secured when shipped from the factory and the security code is set to “HP033120”. Be sure to read the security code rules on page 118 before attempting to secure the function generator.

  • Page 112: Calibration Count

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview To Change the Security Code To change the security code, you must first unsecure the function generator, and then enter a new code. Be sure to read the security code rules on page 118 before changing the security code.

  • Page 113: Calibration Message

    Chapter 3 Features and Functions Calibration Overview Calibration Message You can use the calibration message feature to record calibration information about your function generator. For example, you can store such information as the last calibration date, the next calibration due date, the instrument serial number, or even the name and phone number of the person to contact for a new calibration.

  • Page 114: Power-On And Reset State

    • Comma Separators • On Triggering Operations Power-On/Reset State Trigger Source Internal Input/Output Configuration Power-On/Reset State • HP-IB Address • 10 • Interface • HP-IB (IEEE-488) • Baud Rate • 9600 baud • Parity • None (8 data bits) Calibration...

  • Page 115: Specifications

    Specifications...

  • Page 116: Signal Characteristics

    Chapter 8 Specifications HP 33120A Function / Arbitrary Waveform Generator SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS WAVEFORMS Square wave Standard Waveforms: Sine, Square, Triangle, Rise/Fall Time: < 20 ns Ramp, Noise, DC volts, Overshoot: < 4% Sine(x)/x, Negative Ramp, Asymmetry: 1% + 5 ns...

  • Page 117: Modulation Characteristics

    Chapter 8 Specifications HP 33120A Function / Arbitrary Waveform Generator SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS MODULATION CHARACTERISTICS Configuration Times (2) AM Modulation Function Change: (3) Carrier -3 dB Freq: 10 MHz (typical) 80 ms Frequency Change: (3) Modulation: Any internal waveform plus Arb 30 ms ±...

  • Page 118: General Specifications

    (1) For 400 Hz operation at 120 Vac, use the 100 Vac Weight: 4 kg (8.8 lbs) line-voltage setting. (2) The HP 33120A does not meet the performance requirements of MIL-461C characterization. However, performance test data is available upon request.

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