Sawtooth Waveform - Roland SH-1 Instruction Manual

4.
RANGE
SWITCH
This switch changes
the
VCO
range
in
one
octave
jumps from 2'
to
32',
for
a total
range of
five
octaves.
The 8'
position
of the
RANGE
switch
is
used
for
sounds
in
the
middie
sound
range; the lowest
C
on
the
keyboard
will
produce the pitch of
middie
C.
The 4'
position
produces
pitches
in
the
range one octave above
8',
and the
2'
position
produces
pitches
two
octaves
above
8'.
The
16' and 32' positions produce
pitches
one and
two
octaves
beiow
8'
respectively,
5.
WAVEFORM
SWITCH
This switch
selects
the
VCO
output wave-
form.
{1)
SAWTOOTH
WAVEFORM
(/I)
The
sawtooth
wave
is
very rich in
harmonics
and
therefore
is
used very
often.
It
is
particularly suitable
for
brass
and
string
sounds, and
for
sounds which
only the
synthesizer
can produce.
(2)
SQUARE
WAVE
(QJ)
The
square
wave
is
also rich in
harmonics,
but
it
contains only the
odd numbered
harmonics.
The
pure square
wave
has a
sound
quality very
much
like a clarinet.
The
clarinet
and
xylophone
are
common
sounds
synthesized with
this
waveform,
as
well
as
sounds peculiar to the synthesizer.
One
effect
which
is
very often
used
is
the
continuous
sound
of
the
square
wave
(without envelope control)
accompanied
by portamento.
(3)
PULSE
WAVE
(FLJ)
When
the
top and bottom portions of the
square
wave
are
unequal, the
result
is
what
is
called a
pulse
wave.
The harmonic
content of the pulse
wave
will
depend
greatiy
on
the
width
of the
pulses.
It is
possible to
modulate,
or
change
the puise
width by
means
of the
LFO
or the envelope
generator.
SOUND RANGES
OF VARIOUS INSTRUMENTS
&va
-CU
-&-
-e-
zs:
IT
GLOCKENSPIEL
XYLOPHONE
FLUTE
OBOE
TRUMPET
VIOLIN
CLARINET
TENOR
SAX
FRENCH HORN
TROMBONE
CELLO
-s
_
*%rm
1
Fj
8'm
1*16'
^•1
WAVEFORM
SAWTOOTH
SQUARE
DESCRIPTION
The
sawtooth
wave
con-
tains a
fundamental
sine
wave and
its
integral har-
monic
sine
waves
at a
fixed
ratio.
The
level of each
harmonic
is
as
shown
on
the
right.
When
fundamen-
tal
content
is 1
,
the con-
tent of
nth
harmonic
is 1
/n.
The
square
wave
contains
a
fundamental
sine
wave and
its
odd numbered harmon-
ics
at a fixed
ratio.
The
level
of each
harmonic
is
the
same
as
sawtooth
wave: the
content of nth
harmonic
is
1/n;
except
that
there are
no even
numbered
harmonics.
PULSE
With
pulse
wave, the
har-
monic
content greatly
varies
depending on
the
pulse width.
It is
charac-
terized
by
a
lack of
the
nth harmonic
series
when
the pulse
width
is
1/n.
The
example on
the
left
tacks
3rd, 6th, and
9th
harmon-
ics
because the pulse
width
is
1/3 (33%).
HARMONIC CONTENT
F:
Fundamental
F
2
3 4
5 6
7
PULSE WIDTH
at
33%
(1/3).
F
2
4 5
10