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IRIS 3030 User Manual

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IRIS Series 3000
Owner's Guide
Version 1.1
Silicon Graphics, Inc.
2011 Stierlin Road
Mountain View, CA 94043

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Summary of Contents for IRIS 3030

  • Page 1 IRIS Series 3000 Owner’s Guide Version 1.1 Silicon Graphics, Inc. 2011 Stierlin Road Mountain View, CA 94043...
  • Page 2 Silicon Graphics, Inc. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. IRIS Series 3000 Owner’s Guide Document numbers: 007-5220-010, 007·5220-011 is a trademark of AT&T Bell laboratories. Ethernet and XNS are trademarks of Xerox Corporation.

  • Page 3: User Information

    User Information Please read the following information on product safety and interference potential. Computer and CRT: WARNING - For continued protection against risk of fire, replace fuses only with the same type and rating of fuse. No operator-serviceable parts inside unit. Class A Computing Device WARNING: This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    List of Figures Figure Page IRIS Series 3000 System IRIS 3030 Cabinet Front Panel (IRIS 3020 Similar) IRIS 3010 Cabinet Front Panel IRIS Cabinet Connections - Nineteen-inch 60 Hz Monitor IRIS Cabinet Connections - Fifteen-inch 60 Hz Monitor IRIS Cabinet Connections - 33 Hz Monitor...
  • Page 6 List of Tables Table Page IRIS Configuration Switches PROM Monitor Commands 3-11 Boot Devices 3-11 Special Device Files in /dev 4-11, 4-12 Approximate Tape Capacities for Backups 4-21 Sample Tape Drive Commands 4-22 Files Critical to U Operation 4-27 Disk Partition Sizes...
  • Page 7 Booting the IRIS ........
  • Page 8 3030 ........
  • Page 9 IRIS ........
  • Page 10 Appendix A: IRIS Specifications ........

  • Page 11: Road Map

    1. Road Map This document explains how to install and test IRIS series 3000 products, and how to perform system administration. Read this document carefully before installing your IRIS. 1.1 Installation Overview The table below summarizes the procedures for installing IRIS series 3000 products.

  • Page 12: Iris Series 2000 Turbo Products

    IRIS Workstation. 1.2 IRIS Series 2000 Turbo Products This manual is applicable to the IRIS 2300T (3010 equivalent), 2400T (3020 equivalent), and 2500T. Early IRIS series 2000 models with the Turbo upgrade may not have the same standard peripherals described here. The 60 Hz monitor may be different from the one described in this guide.

  • Page 13: Hardware Installation

    This chapter describes how to install and connect the standard components of the IRIS 3000 series systems (see Figure 2-1). WARNING Do not connect the IRIS to an external power source until each cable has been connected and checked. 2.1 Hardware Components...
  • Page 14 A quarter-inch cartridge tape drive (internal) or a half-inch streaming tape drive (external) is optional on the IRIS workstation (see Figure 2-2). A floppy disk drive is standard on the IRIS terminal (see Figure 2-3). See Chapter 6 for disk specifications and Chapter 7 for tape specifications.

  • Page 15: Iris Series 3000 System

    Hardware Installation IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 2-3 Figure 2-1: IRIS Series 3000 System Version 1.0 SERIES 3000...

  • Page 16: Iris 3030 Cabinet Front Panel (Iris 3020 Similar)

    2-4 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Hardware Installation Figure 2-2: IRIS 3030 Cabinet Front Panel (IRIS 3020 Similar) SERIES 3000 Version 1.0...

  • Page 17: Iris 3010 Cabinet Front Panel

    Hardware Installation IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 2-5 Figure 2-3: IRIS 3010 Cabinet Front Panel Version 1.0 SERIES 3000...

  • Page 18: Keyboard And Mouse Connection

    I/O panel on the IRIS. Port 1 2.3 Monitor to Cabinet Video Connections The procedure for connecting the monitor to the IRIS is different for each type of monitor. 2.3.1 Nineteen-inch 60 Hz Non-interlaced Monitor Use the color-coded coaxial video cables to connect the monitor to the cabinet (see Figure 2-4).

  • Page 19: Iris

    Hardware Installation IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 2-7 Figure 2-4: IRIS Cabinet Connections Nineteen-inch 60 Hz Non-interlaced Monitor Version 1.0 SERIES 3000...

  • Page 20: Fifteen-Inch 60 Hz Non-Interlaced Monitor

    2-8 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Hardware Installation 2.3.2 Fifteen-inch 60 Hz Non-interlaced Monitor Use the color-coded coaxial video cables to connect the monitor to the cabinet (see Figure 2-5). If you are using only one monitor, set all of the input impedance switches on the back of the monitor to the position.
  • Page 21 Hardware Installation IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 2-9 Figure 2-5: IRIS Cabinet Connections Fifteen-inch 60 Hz Non-interlaced Monitor Version 1.0 SERIES 3000...
  • Page 22 2-10 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Hardware Installation Figure 2-6: IRIS Cabinet Connections 33 Hz Interlaced Monitor SERIES 3000 Version 1.0...

  • Page 23: Monitor Adjustment

    Hardware Installation IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 2-11 2.4 Monitor Adjustment The monitor control panel on the right side of the monitor allows the characteristics of the monitor to be adjusted. The nineteen-inch monitors (60 Hz and 33 Hz) have two knobs labeled...
  • Page 24 2-12 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Hardware Installation Figure 2-7: Monitor Control Panel for Nineteen-inch 60 Hz Non-interlaced Monitor SERIES 3000 Version 1.0...
  • Page 25 Hardware Installation IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 2-13 Figure 2-8: Monitor Control Panel for Fifteen-inch 60 Hz Non-interlaced Monitor Version 1.0 SERIES 3000...
  • Page 26 2-14 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Hardware Installation Figure 2-9: Monitor Control Panel for 33 Hz Interlaced Monitor SERIES 3000 Version 1.0...

  • Page 27: Monitor Ac Power Cable Connection

    The IRIS can communicate with other hosts and terminals (that have the necessary communication software) through an Ethernet local area network. The IRIS can be connected to an Ethernet local area network while the network is operating. To connect the IRIS to an Ethernet local area network, you need: • An Ethernet transceiver to attach to the Ethernet.
  • Page 28 2-16 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Hardware Installation NOTE: Approved Ethernet coaxial cable is marked with rings at 2.5-meter intervals (minimum distance). Transceivers should be placed at these rings to minimize transceiver reflection, which can induce transmission errors. Tap into the Ethernet cable (instructions are included with each transceiver) .

  • Page 29: Booting The Iris

    3. Booting the IRIS This chapter contains step-by-step procedures for booting and checking out a new IRIS system. This chapter also describes the bootstrap options and the startup environment for the IRIS. Before following the procedures in this chapter, you must have installed your system as described in Chapter 2. After...

  • Page 30: Iris Configuration Switches

    3-2 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Booting the IRIS Figure 3-1: IRIS Configuration Switches SERIES 3000 Version 1.0...
  • Page 31 The workstation displays system information similar to that shown in Figure 3-2. At this point, the IRIS is running in U single-user mode, which is used only for system maintenance. For normal operation of the IRIS workstation, start multi-user mode by entering the command. multi When the workstation prompts for the correct date, enter the date in the requested format, as illustrated in the example below.

  • Page 32: Terminal Booting Instructions

    3-4 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Booting the IRIS Important Now that your IRIS workstation is up and running, make sure you have a bootable backup tape containing the stand-alone software, the root file system, and the user file system. You should receive a bootable backup tape with your workstation.

  • Page 33: The Startup Environment

    See Chapter 5 for more information on using the terminal emulator, connecting to a host, and configuring the user environment. 3.3 The Startup Environment During the startup process, the IRIS displays a set of system information, including memory size, hardware configuration, and file system identification (see Figure 3-2).

  • Page 34: Sample Iris Boot Information

    (FW2.6 HW 2.0) (0800.1400.0120) at mbio 0x7ffc ipl2 fpa installed Root File System Device Name: root on md0a Swap Space Device Name and Size: swap on md0b [8865K] Figure 3-2: Sample IRIS Boot Information SERIES 3000 Version 1.1...
  • Page 35 The IRIS terminal boots into the terminal emulator program. For more information on IRIS terminal operation, see Chapter 5. The IRIS workstation boots into single-user mode, which should be used only for system maintenance. For normal operation, the workstation must be put into multi-user mode.

  • Page 36: Boot Options

    (see Section 3.4.1). To boot from a secondary video driver, see Chapter 8. Since the IRIS can be booted from different devices (hard disks, tape drives, etc.), the PROM monitor provides the ls command, a version of the U ls(1) command, for displaying the names of the files on the attached devices.

  • Page 37: Iris Configuration Switches

    Reserved Table 3-1: IRIS Configuration Switches As Table 3-1 shows, switches 1 through 4 select the device from which the IRIS is to be booted. Switch 5 specifies whether the IRIS should perform an automatic boot or a PROM monitor boot. Switch 6 determines whether or not system information is displayed on the screen after the IRIS is reset.
  • Page 38 Wait 20 seconds for the disk to spin up to speed. (The boot will fail if you don’t wait that long.) To boot from the device specified by configuration switches 1 through 4, enter the letter and press RETURN The IRIS reads the file defaultboot from the default device. SERIES 3000 Version 1.0...

  • Page 39: Prom Monitor Commands

    Table 3-3 lists the available device names. In all of the examples, if you enter a device name but no filename, the IRIS looks for a file with the name defaultboot on the specified device. If you enter only a device or filename, or both, with no specific PROM monitor command, the IRIS tries to boot from the specified device and file.
  • Page 40 3.4.2 Automatic Boot When configuration switch 5 is set for automatic boot, the IRIS attempts to boot the file defaultboot on the device specified by configuration switches 1 through 4 (see Table 3-1). To configure the IRIS to boot automatically:...
  • Page 41 Booting the IRIS IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 3-13 NOTE: It the power for the IRIS is already on, press the button. Do not press the button while the Reset Reset IRIS is running U without first using the /etc/reboot command. Version 1.0...

  • Page 43: Workstation System Administration

    If you have not yet installed and booted the workstation, see Chapters 2 and 3. For a description of the startup environment, see Section 3.3. The IRIS workstation boots into single-user mode, which should be used only for system maintenance. For normal operation, the workstation must be put in multi-user mode, as described in Section 3.3.

  • Page 44: Nix Configuration

    The following subsections contain instructions for performing common system administration tasks on an IRIS workstation. To perform these tasks, become the super-user by logging in as root...

  • Page 45: Adding A New Account

    IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-3 4.2.1 Naming an IRIS Workstation The default name of a new IRIS workstation is IRIS. If you have more than one workstation on a network, you must assign each workstation a unique name. The name can be up to eight characters long and must contain no blanks.

  • Page 46: Sample /Etc/Passwd File

    4-4 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Workstation Administration root::0:0:Superuser:/:/bin/csh rootcsh::0:0:Superuser:/:/bin/csh rootsh::0:0:Superuser:/:/bin/sh daemon:*:1:1::/: bin:*:2:2:Binary Files:/: uucp:*:3:5:UUCP Login Account:/usr/spool/uucppublic:/usr/lib/uucp/uucico adm:*:5:3:Administration:/usr/adm: iris::7:0::/:/bin/tesh uucpadm:*:8:8:UUCP Administration:/usr/lib/uucp: lp:*:9:9:Line Printer:/: mexdemos::996:997::/usr/people/mexdemos:/bin/csh demos::997:997::/usr/people/demos:/bin/csh guest::998:998::/usr/people/guest:/bin/csh games:*:999:999:Games:/usr/games:/bin/sh steve::11:20:Steve Brown:/usr/people/steve:/bin/csh Figure 4-1: Sample /etc/passwd File Be sure that the new entry contains a unique account name, a unique user number, and a group number.
  • Page 47 Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-5 Make a home directory tor the new user, with the same name specified in field 6 of the /etc/passwd entry, and set the protections and ownership of the new directory. Typically, all users’ home directories are made subdirectories of the directory /usr/people.

  • Page 48: Sample /Etc/Group File

    4-6 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Workstation Administration sys:*:0: system:*:0: daemon:*:1: bin:*:2: adm:*:3: sgi_use: uucp:*:5:uucp sgi_use:*:6: sgi_use:*:7: uucpadm:*:8:uucp lp:*:9: user:*:20: vlsi:*:21:steve Figure 4-2: Sample /etc/group File Figure 4-2 contains an example /etc/group file. The file contains a line for each group on the system. Each line consists of four fields separated by colons (:).
  • Page 49 Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-7 The passwd command can also be used to change passwords. The passwd program queries the user for the old password before establishing a new one. Add startup files like .cshrc, .login, and .profile to the new user ’s home directory.

  • Page 50: Entering Multi-User Mode Automatically

    Workstation Administration 4.2.3 Entering Multi-user Mode Automatically By default, the IRIS workstation boots into single-user mode, which should be used only for system maintenance. When the system is running in single-user mode, only the root file system is mounted, none of the system daemons are started, and the terminal lines do not allow users to log in.
  • Page 51 This file contains the model number of the IRIS. /etc/model This file contains the message of the day, which is /etc/motd displayed each time a user logs in to an IRIS workstation. This file contains information about the users with /etc/passwd accounts on the workstation.
  • Page 52 1. Standard heading for time zone 2. Offset from Greenwich Mean Time (in hours) 3. Optional daylight savings time zone The IRIS workstation is shipped with the time zone set for Pacific Standard Time: PST8PDT These are examples for other time zones:...

  • Page 53: Device Files

    Disk zero partitions (IRIS 3010/3020 block devices) md0a contains the root (/) file system; md0c contains the user (/usr) file system (IRIS 3020) or a copy of the root file system (IRIS 3010). See efs(4). rmd0[a-h] Disk zero partitions (IRIS 3010/3020 raw devices)
  • Page 54 Half-inch magnetic tape (raw blocked device with no rewind on open and close) sf0a Optional floppy disk drive (IRIS 3030 blocked device) rsf0a Optional floppy disk drive (IRIS 3030 raw device) si0[a-h] Disk zero partitions (IRIS 3030 block devices) si0a contains the root (/) file system;...

  • Page 55: Network Communication

    The following sections present a brief overview of the commands used for communicating over the Ethernet. For more information about the network software for the IRIS workstation, see the manual pages for these commands in the U Programmer’s Manual, Volume IA. To make the workstation emulate a terminal, see Chapter 5.

  • Page 56: Tcp/Ip Network Commands

    For more information about the network software for the IRIS workstation, see the manual pages for these commands in the U Programmer’s Manual, Volume 4.3.2 TCP/IP Network Commands This section describes the commands for communicating over an Ethernet local area network using TCP/IP.
  • Page 57 Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-15 Starts a shell on a remote host running U Initiates a login on a remote host running U rlogin Transfers files to and from a remote host using FTP protocol. Communicates with a host using TELNET protocol.
  • Page 58 4-16 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Workstation Administration rlogin initiates a login on a remote host across the network. The command takes the remote host name as an argument. For example, to log in remotely to a host named olympus, enter this command:...
  • Page 59 Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-17 hostname is the host to which you wish to transfer files. For example, suppose your hostname is olympus. Then, you type: ftp olympus Assuming your hostname is olympus, the screen shows: Connected to olympus.
  • Page 60 4-18 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Workstation Administration For example, this command gets the file yourfile from the remote host and stores it on the local machine in the current directory as myfile: get yourfile myfile The screen indicates that the file has been received by the local machine.

  • Page 61: Using Multiple Kernels

    It can only be run by the superuser. 4.4 Backups • When you install your IRIS workstation, make sure you have a bootable backup tape containing the stand-alone software, the root file system, and the user file system. You should receive a bootable backup tape with your workstation.

  • Page 62: Making A Bootable Backup Tape

    Workstation Administration bootable backup tapes and periodic backup tapes, and for installing software updates. The IRIS workstation can be booted from the cartridge tape drive in case the root file system on the disk is damaged (see Section 4.5.3). The half-inch tape drive can be used for making periodic backup tapes and for transferring files, but it is not a bootable device.

  • Page 63: Making Periodic Backups

    4.4.2 Making Periodic Backups This section describes the procedure for making routine backups of the IRIS workstation disk(s). The disk(s) can be backed up to a tape on a local tape drive or across a network to a tape on another workstation.

  • Page 64: Sample Tape Drive Commands

    NOTE: If you interrupt the non-rewind cartridge tape device on an IRIS 3020 or 2400T, you must reboot the system to use the tape drive again. To avoid this problem, remove the cartridge from the drive to stop the device.
  • Page 65 Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-23 Backing Up a System with a Local Tape Drive To back up the disk on a workstation with a local tape drive, follow these steps: Become the super-user: If you are only backing up the /usr file system, go to step 6.
  • Page 66 Backing Up a System without a Local Tape Drive An IRIS workstation with no tape drive is backed up across an XNS Ethernet onto a tape loaded on another workstation. Both systems must have network communication capabilities.

  • Page 67: Storing Key U Nix Files On A Second

    Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-25 4.4.3 Storing Key U Files on a Second Disk If you have two disks on your workstation, store a copy of the key U files on the second disk. You could boot from the second disk if the root file system on the first disk became corrupted (see Section 4.5.4).

  • Page 68: Crash Recovery

    Section 4.5.4. 4.5 Crash Recovery Depending on the cause, a system crash can leave an IRIS workstation in a state that requires some software repair. This section describes the steps you should take immediately after a workstation crash and the procedures for repairing the disk if the software is damaged.

  • Page 69: Recovery Strategies

    Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-27 4.5.1 Recovery Strategies Accidental changes to the files critical to U operation can prevent the U operating system from booting. Table 4-4 lists some of the files that are most likely to cause serious problems.

  • Page 70: Recovery With Init

    The init program provided with an IRIS workstation has been modified so that it attempts to recover from the most common file system errors. For most errors, init recovers automatically but does not repair the cause of the problem.

  • Page 71: Recovery By Booting From Tape

    Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-29 If su does not execute correctly, init tries to execute the Bourne shell, /bin/sh, bypassing su. If sh fails to execute or executes too quickly, init prints the error message: execlp of /bin/sh failed; errno = n...
  • Page 72 4-30 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Workstation Administration Reset the workstation by pressing the button. Reset The IRIS displays the PROM monitor prompt: iris> Insert the bootable backup tape in the tape drive. Boot the mdfex or sifex program. IRIS 3020: b ct0: mdfex...
  • Page 73 Workstation Administration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 4-31 Accept the mdfex/sifiex defaults for tape file and unit numbers by pressing after each of these prompts: RETURN Tape file (2)? Unit (0)? Confirm file system a by pressing in response to the file...
  • Page 74 4-32 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Workstation Administration should come up in single-user mode. If the user file system was not damaged, go to step 14. If the /usr file system suffered major damage, perform the remaining steps in this section to restore it.

  • Page 75: Recovery By Booting From The Second Disk

    Set configuration switches 1 through 5 for booting from the PROM monitor (see Table 3-1). Reset the workstation by pressing button. Reset The IRIS displays the PROM monitor prompt: iris> Boot the file vmunix1 on the second disk: hd1:vmunix1 The system displays the superuser shell prompt: Run the file system check program, fsck, on the first disk (the disk you are recovering).
  • Page 76 4-34 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Workstation Administration Mount the root file system: IRIS 3020: mount /dev/md0a /root IRIS 3030: mount /dev/si0a /root Change to the root directory and copy the key system files from the second disk to the first disk using cpio(1): cd / cpio -pdaumv /root <...

  • Page 77: Iris 3010 System Administration

    This chapter contains operation and configuration procedures for the IRIS 3010. Topics covered are shown in the table below. At this point, it is assumed that you have installed and booted the IRIS (see Chapters 2 and 3). 5.1 Host Software Installation 5.2 Operation...
  • Page 78 IRIS Terminal TERMCAP /usr/iris/c/iris.termcap to the terminal description data base in /etc/termcap. Change directories to /usr/iris/c: cd /usr/iris/c Compile the C language remote host Graphics Library (librgl2.a), the IRIS 3010 configuration tools, and the demonstration programs,...

  • Page 79: Operation

    A complete U operating system is not provided on the IRIS 3010. Only those commands necessary to boot and perform basic system administration are included. With the IBM option installed, the IRIS 3010 runs a different terminal emulator, t3279(1).
  • Page 80 The IRIS establishes a connection with the host, which should display its usual login prompt. • An unconfigured IRIS 3010 with TCP/IP communication capabilities...

  • Page 81: Iris

    Force wsiris to exit. Ethernet connections are closed, but serial connections may remain open. Escape to a C shell on the IRIS 3010. The shell allows the user to run programs from the local disk, such as the flight simulator:...

  • Page 82: Running A Demonstration Program

    5.2.3 Running a Demonstration Program After booting a new IRIS 3010 and connecting to a host, you should test the system by running a demonstration program. The hard disk that comes with the IRIS 3010 contains a non-bootable copy of the flight demonstration program.
  • Page 83 Power 5.2.5 Boot Failure Recovery If a critical file on the IRIS 3010 disk becomes corrupted, the boot procedure fails and the terminal emulator does not run. If this happens, use the procedure in this section to restore the file system from the copy stored on the backup partition of the disk.
  • Page 84 5.3.1 Configuration Tools A number of files stored on the IRIS 3010’s hard disk allow for three kinds of configuration: • Startup environment configuration (see Section 5.3.2). SERIES 3000...
  • Page 85 IRIS 3010. This strategy has the advantage of leaving backup copies of the customized configuration files on the host.
  • Page 86 After the distribution software has been installed on the U host, you can use this procedure to configure the IRIS 3010 from the host: Boot the IRIS 3010 from its local disk and log in to the host (see Section 3.2). Change directories to /usr/iris/c.
  • Page 87 (32 bits) If the character is capitalized, then the the argument was sent by the IRIS, otherwise it was sent by the remote system. The value of array types is always ‘array’. Use the next argument for the name of the logfile created by the –d 1 option in place of /LOGFILE.0.
  • Page 88 When using serial communications, this option also enables the use of these characters by the serial driver of the IRIS for automatic flow control of data being received from the host. This automatic flow control is normally disabled as it will not work correctly if there are two independent sources of these characters.
  • Page 89 -z 3 -x The host distribution contains a copy of this file named wsirisrc. To configure the IRIS 3010 from the host, edit the host copy of the file, then transfer it to the IRIS with this command: iftp w wsirisrc /.wsirisrc The default configuration file may not work for some serial communications environments, e.g., if half-duplex is required.
  • Page 90 /.mexrc Installing Your Own Startup Program The program that the IRIS 3010 runs after booting can be changed from wsiris to a custom startup program. To do this, edit the file /bin/tesh and find the line: set termemul = /bin/wsiris Replace with the pathname of the program you want to have run.
  • Page 91 A sample hostname file, sys_id, is included in the host distribution. To give the IRIS 3010 a hostname, edit this file to contain the desired name, and then enter the command: iftp w sys_id /etc/sys_id Hostnames must not be more than eight characters.
  • Page 92 TZ /etc/TZ Automatic Date Setting By default, the IRIS 3010 prompts the user to check the date each time it is booted. If an executable file /etc/rc.getdate is found, the user is not prompted, and the result of its execution is used in place of what the user would have typed to the prompt: Enter the correct date (mmddhhmm[yy][.ss]):...

  • Page 93: Disk Configuration

    This chapter explains how to change partition size. The disks on the IRIS 3010 and 3020 are called ; the disks on the IRIS 3030 are . To find out what brand of disk you have on your workstation, issue the...

  • Page 94: Disk Partition Sizes

    On all disks, partition g represents the entire disk and can be used in place of, not in addition to, the other partitions. For the IRIS 3030 only, the f partition is a combination of the c and d partitions.

  • Page 95: Changing The Swap Partition Size On An Iris 3020

    • Configuring a second disk on an IRIS 3020/3030 If you have an IRIS 3010, see Section 6.3. On an IRIS 3020 or 3030, disk zero is divided into three partitions: the root partition, which contains the root file system; the swap partition, which is used by U for paging;...
  • Page 96 IRIS 3020/3030. 6.2.1 Changing the Swap Partition Size on an IRIS 3020 To change the size of the swap partition on an IRIS 3020, follow the steps below. For simplicity, the procedure describes a specific, although arbitrarily chosen, change: an increase of 100 cylinders.
  • Page 97 Disk Configuration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 6-5 Press .The entry below appears. RETURN a: base; (1) size; (150) Press to accept this entry. This entry indicates that partition RETURN md0a begins at cylinder 1 and has a size of 150 cylinders.
  • Page 98 6.2.2 Changing the Swap Partition Size on an IRIS 3030 To change the size of the swap partition on an IRIS 3030, follow the steps below. For simplicity, the procedure describes a specific, although arbitrarily chosen, change: an increase of 100 cylinders.
  • Page 99 Disk Configuration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 6-7 Back up the /usr file system on partition si0f and make sure you have a bootable backup tape, in case the root file system is unintentionally corrupted (see Section 4.4). Reboot the workstation: reboot...
  • Page 100 6-8 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Disk Configuration Enter twice to quit both the function and . The workstation sifex displays the prompt and the message: sifex Quit Label on drive 0 needs updating... do it? 10. Confirm your intention to update the drive label by entering .

  • Page 101: Two Ways To Configure A Second Disk

    19 Make a new bootable backup tape (see Section 4.4.1). 20. Begin multi-user mode: multi 6.2.3 Configuring a Second Disk on an IRIS Workstation On workstations with two disk drives, the second disk is configured by the user. Users may choose several strategies for configuring the second disk, depending on individual needs.

  • Page 102: System Partition

    6-10 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Disk Configuration Configuring a Second Disk as Three File Systems To configure a second disk as several file systems, follow these steps: Become the super-user and reboot the system in single-user mode: reboot Create directories in / (root) for the new file systems to be mounted on the disk partitions shown in the table below.
  • Page 103 Disk Configuration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 6-11 Name the file systems and give them volume names with the labelit command: IRIS 3020: labelit /dev/rmd1a n1 sgi labelit /dev/rmd1b tmp sgi labelit /dev/rmd1c n2 sgi IRIS 3030: labelit /dev/rsi1a n1 sgi labelit /dev/rsi1b tmp sgi labelit /dev/rsi1f n2 sgi Edit /etc/rc.fs to contain the following lines:...
  • Page 104 Create a directory in / (root) for the file system to be mounted on md1g (for an IRIS 3020) or si1g (for an IRIS 3030). Its name must be six characters or less. In this procedure, the name n is used.

  • Page 105: Iris Terminal Disk Configuration

    • Creating and using a backup floppy set 6.3.1 Changing the Swap Partition Size on an IRIS Terminal The disk on the IRIS 3010 is divided into three partitions: the root partition, which contains the file system; the swap partition, which is used by the kernel for paging;...
  • Page 106 If the simultaneous processes running on your IRIS require more space on the swap partition, you can make it larger. If your IRIS 3010 uses less virtual memory than is currently available, you can create more storage room on the disk by reducing the size of the swap partition.
  • Page 107 Disk Configuration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 6-15 Edit /mnt/etc/inittab to suppress automatic recovery when booting from the backup partition. Find this line: rr::sysinit:/etc/rootcopy >/dev/console 2>&1 Put an between the two colons: rr:x:sysinit:/etc/rootcopy >/dev/console 2>&1 Verify that the backup partition is bootable:...
  • Page 108 6-16 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Disk Configuration Press to enter the new size and to display the base cylinder RETURN for partition b: b: base; ( 124) Change the base for partition b to the cylinder immediately following the last cylinder in partition a. For example, if you have added 30 cylinders to partition a, the new base for partition b is 154.
  • Page 109 6.3.2 Creating and Using a Backup Floppy Set The IRIS 3010 includes several tools for making a set of floppies for backup and using them to build a file system on the hard disk. The two procedures below describe how to create the floppies and how to build the disk from them.
  • Page 110 6-18 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Disk Configuration Create a set of tar floppies containing the complete system: cd / tar cvfb /dev/rfloppy 80 Insert a new (formatted) floppy each time the system prompts for a new tape. Using the Floppy Set Turn on the power or reboot the terminal to enter the PROM monitor.
  • Page 111 Disk Configuration IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 6-19 Type to confirm your intention to quit and return to the PROM mdfex monitor. The PROM monitor prompt appears. Boot defaultboot from the bootable U floppy: b mf: The system prompts for run level. Enter .

  • Page 113: Primary And Secondary Video Options

    Silicon Graphics. The configuration for the primary and secondary video drivers is specified when an IRIS workstation is ordered. See below for the procedures for using the IRIS Graphics Library with different video options. Version 1.0...

  • Page 114: Supported Options

    30 Hz. The IRIS workstation provides red, green, blue, and sync video outputs (RGBS). The RGB outputs from the IRIS are noncomposite 0.7 V p-p into 75 ohms, positive bright. The sync output is TTL, low active, and is capable of driving a 75-ohm load.

  • Page 115: Standard

    Video Options IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 8-3 The IRIS RGBS output can be encoded into a PAL signal by a stand-alone PAL color encoder or a PAL color encoder connected to a sync generator genlocked to the IRIS sync output. This PAL signal can be connected to a video tape recorder or a PAL-type monitor.

  • Page 116: Booting With The Secondary Video Driver

    8.3 Using the Graphics Library with the Video Options The setmonitor command in the IRIS Graphics Library specifies the video compatibility of the IRIS workstation display output. To change the active video driver through the Graphics Library, issue the command:...
  • Page 117 Video Options IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 8-5 With a low-resolution monitor, you should also reduce the size of the viewport, using the command: viewport viewport(left,right,bottom,top) To map the graphics output to the entire screen, specify the exact available pixel range: NTSC monitor...

  • Page 119: Demonstration Programs And Gifts

    9. Demonstration Programs and Gifts The IRIS workstation is shipped with a set of demonstration programs, programming examples, and other miscellaneous tools. This chapter tells how to operate the demonstration programs. The demonstration programs that run under the window manager are described in detail in Section 9.1.3.

  • Page 120: Using The Mouse With The Window Manager

    RIGHTMOUSE. Before continuing, make sure you understand how to use the mouse to communicate with windows. This information is located in the IRIS User’s Guide, Version 2.1 in the section called “The Default User Interface to the Window Manager”.

  • Page 121: Version 1.1 Series

    0 at the lower left corner up to the largest color index at the top right. (For more information on color maps, see the IRIS User’s Guide and the makemap(1W) command in the Programmer’s Manual.) demomakemap makes and remakes the color map for the demonstration programs.
  • Page 122 9-4 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Demonstration Programs and Gifts The gamma command accepts a single floating-point argument. A value of 1.0 creates a strictly linear color ramp. Values above 1.0 increase the brightness in the middle of a color ramp; values below 1.0 decrease the brightness. Values between 1.0 and 3.0 are typical.
  • Page 123 Demonstration Programs and Gifts IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 9-5 Try picking a color from showmap and editing it with cedit. interp displays and alters a region of the color map. Use interp to make color ramps for depth-cued or smooth-shaded objects. interp makes a color ramp of any size between any two color indices, interpolating the red, green and blue intensities of all indices between the two prescribed extremes.
  • Page 124 9-6 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Demonstration Programs and Gifts Arch, Flow, Heme, Jet, and Shuttle arch is a simulated architectural model in which the eye perceives a 3D environment. One building (the white one) is always displayed. Several other buildings can be displayed in wireframe or as solid objects.
  • Page 125 The motion does not continue after the program is detached. Shaded Object and Curved Surface Demonstration Programs The IRIS uses special microcode and hardware to draw Gouraud-shaded, z- buffered images rapidly. The Geometry Engines provide the capability to...
  • Page 126 9-8 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Demonstration Programs and Gifts Press MIDDLEMOUSE while the cursor is over the same button. The surface rotates around the y-axis. Pressing the RIGHTMOUSE causes the same motion around the z-axis. Do not try to start a second rotation until the first one is complete and the hourglass cursor has been replaced by the arrow.

  • Page 127: Gifts

    Demonstration Programs and Gifts IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE 9-9 A wireframe outlining the basis points appears. The database of basis points is sent to the new window. The surface is subdivided into small quadrilaterals and an illumination model is calculated. The surface is displayed as an array of dots.
  • Page 128 Some of the programming examples are discussed in the “Programming Examples” section of the IRIS User’s Guide. Some of the window manager tools are documented in the U Programmer’s Manual, Volume IA. Manual pages for window manager commands are labeled 1W.

  • Page 129: Appendix A: Iris Specifications

    • Stereo optic viewer cable • Floppy disk (standard on IRIS terminal) Early IRIS series 2000 models with the Turbo upgrade may not have the same standard peripherals described here. The 60 Hz monitor may be different from the one described in this guide. The mouse may be mechanical rather than optical.

  • Page 130: Cables

    (See Figures A-1 and A-2.) A.2.2 33 Hz Interlaced Monitor A 33 Hz interlaced monitor is an optional monitor for the IRIS system. This monitor has a monitor control panel on the right front. On the back of the monitor are several ports for receiving video signals and a power socket.
  • Page 131 Appendix A IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE A-3 Nineteen-inch Monitor (60 Hz Non-interlaced) The monitor control panel on this monitor is shown in Figure 2-7. • The button labeled adjusts the DC levels of the red, green, and Brightness blue signals equally. Turning this button clockwise increases the monitor ’s brightness.

  • Page 132: Monitor Back Panel

    A-4 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Appendix A • The light labeled lights when power to the monitor is switched on. Health A.2.4 Monitor Back Panel The monitor back panel has several connectors for the cables that connect the monitor to the cabinet (see Figures A-1, A-2, and A-3).
  • Page 133 Appendix A IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE A-5 33 Hz Interlaced Monitor • Either of the two BNC sockets labeled receives the video sync Ext Sync signal from the cabinet. • The two BNC sockets labeled are not used. • Either of the two BNC sockets labeled , and receives the red, green, or blue video signal from the cabinet.

  • Page 134: Monitor Back Panel For Nineteen-Inch 60 Hz Monitor

    A-6 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Appendix A Figure A-1: Monitor Back Panel for Nineteen-inch 60 Hz Monitor SERIES 3000 Version 1.0...

  • Page 135: Monitor Back Panel For Fifteen-Inch 60 Hz Monitor

    Appendix A IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE A-7 Figure A-2: Monitor Back Panel for Fifteen-inch 60 Hz Monitor Version 1.0 SERIES 3000...

  • Page 136: Monitor Back Panel For 33 Hz Interlaced Monitor

    A-8 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Appendix A Figure A-3: Monitor Back Panel for 33 Hz Interlaced Monitor SERIES 3000 Version 1.0...

  • Page 137: Iris Electronics Cabinet

    IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE A-9 A.3 IRIS Electronics Cabinet There are three panels on the back of the IRIS cabinet: a standard I/O panel, an auxiliary I/O panel, and a power panel (see Figure A-4). On the front of the IRIS...

  • Page 138: Cabinet Power Panel

    Appendix A • The button resets the processor, which in turn resets the rest of the Reset system. After the button has been pressed, the IRIS either reboots Reset automatically or waits for boot instructions. CAUTION Do not press the...

  • Page 139: Iris Cabinet Back Panel

    Appendix A IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE A-11 Figure A-4: IRIS Cabinet Back Panel Version 1.0 SERIES 3000...

  • Page 140: Site Selection

    A-12 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Appendix A A.4 Site Selection Table A-2 contains a list of guidelines for site selection for your IRIS. Although site selection is the customer ’s responsibility, Silicon Graphics’ representatives will provide consulting services upon request. Temperature 50 —...

  • Page 141: Appendix B: System Messages

    Appendix B: System Messages When the U kernel on an IRIS workstation reaches an unrecoverable error condition, it displays an error message preceded by the word panic: If the error message includes one of the abbreviations listed in Table B-1, the condition is probably caused by a hardware problem.

  • Page 142: Hardware Error Messages

    • dsd0: hard error, “command” dev=0 unit=[0-1] IRIS 3030 Disk Controller Messages A. This message indicates that no label is installed on the disk. • (***No label***) The following messages indicate that a hard error has occurred and recovery may not be possible.

  • Page 143: Tape Drive Messages

    Appendix B IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE B-3 • siintr: sitab.b_active == 0 • siintr hard error NN: “error” block: NN cmd: command C. The following messages occur in non-interrupt mode and could mean a faulty controller, a bad set of disk cables, or incorrect jumpering of the controller.

  • Page 144: Floppy Controller Messages

    B-4 IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE Appendix B 8.1.4 Floppy Controller Messages A. The following are general messages. • mf0: write protected • mf0: disk formatted • Reading on mf0 • Writing on mf0 The following message indicates a problem with the floppy disk controller.
  • Page 145 Appendix B IRIS OWNER’S GUIDE B-5 The following message occurs when the system attempts to put a time-driven event on its queue, and there is no room remaining. If this occurs frequently, then the system has been incorrectly configured. • timeout table overflow.

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