Operation; Proximity Effect; Power Requirements - Shure KSM9 User Manual

Operation

Proximity Effect

Directional microphones progressively boost bass frequencies as the microphone is placed closer
to the source. This phenomenon, known as proximity effect, can be used to create a warmer, more
powerful sound. However, it usually requires the vocalist to maintain a consistent distance from the
microphone in order to avoid changing the low-frequency response.
The dual-diaphragm design of the KSM9 helps to control and minimize proximity effect, resulting in a
more uniform low-frequency response. This allows the performer to move closer or further from the
microphone with minimal changes in sound quality.
Selecting a Polar Pattern
Cardioid: Captures sound directly in front of the microphone and
has the greatest rejection 180 degrees toward the rear. A cardioid
pattern has a wider coverage angle, resulting in increased off-axis
pickup. This is the most common pattern in studio recording and
live-sound applications.
Supercardioid: Captures sound directly in front of the microphone
and has the greatest sound rejection at points 120 degrees toward
the rear of the microphone. A supercardioid pattern has a narrower
coverage angle of 115 degrees, resulting in increased off-axis re-
jection. This pattern is ideal for loud environments or applications
when sound sources are very close together.

Power Requirements

This microphone requires phantom power and performs best with a 48 V DC supply (IEC-61938),
but it can operate with supplies as low as 11 V DC. Most modern mixers provide phantom power and
require the use of a balanced microphone cable: XLR-to-XLR or XLR-to-TRS.
Load Impedance
Maximum SPL capability, output clipping level, and dynamic range vary with the input load imped-
ance of the preamplifier to which the microphone is connected. Shure recommends a minimum input
load impedance of 1000 Ohms. Most modern microphone preamplifiers meet this requirement. Higher
impedance results in better performance for these specifications.
Integral Pop Filter
The microphone grille consists of 3 separate mesh layers that act as an integral pop filter. This helps
reduce wind and breath noise. Depending on the performer, an external pop-protection screen or
windscreen may be necessary when close-miking vocalists.
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