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3.2 Fabrics
3.2.1
Natural and artificial fibres
ANIMAL FIBRES
CELLULOSE VEGETABLE FIBRES
ARTIFICIAL CHEMICAL FIBRES
SYNTHETIC CHEMICAL FIBRES
3.2.2
Washing the various types of fibres
3.2.3
Washing animal fibres:
Neutral detergents
Greater quantity of water
Maximum temperature 40°C
Minimum mechanical agitation, short times
Cellulose vegetable fibres:
Alkaline (Base) detergents
Bleach (if used): Sodium hypochlorite (NaClo)
High water temperature (if OK for coloureds; for linen, if heavily soiled, bleaching is preferable to
washing at high temperatures).
Normal quantity of water
Vigorous and prolonged mechanical action
Spinning
Artificial chemical fibres:
Neutral detergents
Less mechanical action and minimum spinning
Greater quantity of water
Maximum temperature: 70°C (whites), 50°C (coloureds); bleach with a diluted solution of Sodium
hypochlorite (NaClo) and hydrogen peroxide (H
Synthetic chemical fibres:
Stronger detergents
Maximum temperature 40-60°C
Short wash
Medium spin speed
SOI/DT 2006-01 dmm
NATURAL FIBRES
Wool
Special wool
Silk
Cotton
Linen
Canapa
Hemp
Ramie
ARTIFICIAL FIBRES
Viscosa rayon
Cupro rayon
Special rayons
Rayon and polynosics
Acetate rayon
Triacetate rayon
Polyamide fibres
Polyurethane fibres
Polyureic fibres
Polyester fibres
Polytechnical fibres
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