Nrpn/Rpns - M-Audio KEYRIG KeyRig 49 User Manual

|
KeyRIg 49 User Guide
16
can in turn contain 128 possible sounds selected via a separate program change MIDI message. This enables a user to theoretically
recall over two million programs directly, using only MIDI commands. However, most devices only use a few different banks, and
allow you to access them with either a Bank LSB message or a Bank MSB message Please consult your synthesizer's or software's
documentation for more information on which type of bank change messages they can process."
You will find many MIDI devices respond to program change commands and many are organized according to the GM listing. In
General MIDI devices, different sounds are organized in the same way from device to device. Piano sounds are in their particular
place, string sounds are in their place, drum sounds are in their place, and so on All GM devices (both hardware and software
sound modules) are clearly labeled as such, so you know that their sounds are organized in the General MIDI structure. When a GM
device receives a MIDI program change, it calls up a type of sound that you expect from the GM sound set. All non-GM MIDI sound
modules call up unique sounds from their memory upon receiving MIDI program changes. Since the sounds in a non-GM device are
not arranged in a particular order, you need to take a look at the device itself to see which sound you want and at which location in
the memory it resides. Many VST instruments such as Native Instruments' FM7 or the synth modules in Propellerhead Reason are
non-GM devices
You can send program change, bank LSB and bank MSB messages directly from the KeyRig keyboard Please consult the
"Advanced KeyRig 49 Features in Edit Mode" section of this User Guide for further details.

NRPN/RPNs

Non-registered parameter numbers (NRPN's) are device-specific messages that enable you to control synths and sound modules
via MIDI. The MIDI specification defines open parameter numbers to allow manufacturers to specify their own controllers. The more
common of these are registered by the MIDI Manufacturer's Association and are now part of the MIDI specification (hence the term
Registered Parameter Numbers – RPN's). (See Appendix B) Each NRPN/RPN has an associated 2-byte number. The two bytes
allow for 128 values each (An RPN or NRPN message is made up of two parts: the MSB and the LSB message Both of these
messages together constitute an RPN or NRPN command ) This allows for 16,384 values in total
MIDI controllers 98 and 99 represent the NRPN LSB and MSB respectively, while 100 and 101 represent the RPN LSB and
MSB messages (see the MIDI controllers list in Appendix B). To transmit an NRPN/RPN message, these LSB and MSB controller
messages are sent along with their user-specified values A further controller message and value needs to be sent to specify the
(coarse or fine) value adjustment. This is specified by controller number 6 (data entry) for coarse adjustments or number 38 for fine
adjustments.
A list of NRPN's is usually given in the user's manual of any device that receives NRPN messages. It is always necessary that the
NRPN MSB and LSB be sent together Both will be specified in the device's manual