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Circuit Descriptions, List of Abbreviations, and IC Data Sheets
U/V (colour difference signals) is also sampled with nine bits.
These two nine bit data streams are multiplexed to four bit data
streams. As the perception of colours by the human eye is less
sensitive to luminance, this reduction is allowed.
Interlaced to progressive scan conversion
The main function of the PICNIC is the "Analogue to Digital"
conversion, spatial noise reduction, histogram functions (like
Dynamic Contrast and Black Stretch) for YUV, and HV-sync
processing. Also, the line frequency is doubled.
De-interlacing itself is realized in the FALCONIC (Field And
Line CONverter IC).
Further features of the PICNIC:
•
Dual Screen Compression. The PICNIC can provide
horizontal video compression up to 50 %. The compress
mode can be used to display dual screens.
•
The Panorama Mode. To fit 4:3 pictures into a 16:9
display, it is possible to apply a panoramic horizontal
distortion, to make a screen-fitting picture without black
sidebars or lost video. The centre horizontal gain is
programmable and the side gain is automatically adapted
to make a screen-fit.
•
Automatic Aspect Ratio Adaptation (AARA). This
feature uses data from the "black bar detection circuit" to
adapt the vertical and horizontal amplitude to an aspect
ratio belonging to the display, without the black bars.
•
Dynamic Contrast. To make the contrast (black/white)
range wider, Philips has invented Dynamic Contrast. It
uses the digital memory used in 100 Hz sets. It measures
every A-field (25 x per second), and digitally analyses
where on the greyscale most of the image is located. If it is
a relatively dark image, the lighter part of that image is
stretched towards white, so that more contrast will become
visible in that picture. If it is a relatively light image, the
darker part of that image is stretched towards black, so that
these darker parts will have more contrast. When the
image is in the middle of the greyscale, both dark and light
parts are stretched.
FALCONIC (Diagram L3)
Besides "Natural Motion", The FALCONIC (Field And Line
CONverter IC) has the following functions:
•
Line flicker reduction (Digital Scan).
•
Noise reduction (DNR, Dynamic Noise Reduction).
•
Vertical Zoom.
•
Movie phase detection.
•
Progressive scan.
•
Variable vertical sample rate conversion.
•
Synchronous No parity Eight bit Reception and
Transmission interface (SNERT).
422 processing
The FALCONIC can do "422" processing. This means eight
data lines for Y and eight data lines for U/V (844 = 422).
Therefore, the bandwidth for the colour difference increases:
the bandwidth for Y remains 6 MHz, and the bandwidth for
colour difference is now 3 MHz. This means that the picture for
DVD is much better. For this extra bandwidth, an extra field
memory is used: IC7640.
Improved motion detection (Natural Motion)
This set utilizes AB'A'B scanning, a new sample for Natural
Motion.
The FALCONIC has an extra advantage for motion detection:
the maximum number of pixels that can be followed in AB'A'B
scanning is higher: This produces a more natural motion, even
with very fast movements.
Improved line flicker reduction (Digital Scan)
The FALCONIC offers motion compensated line flicker
reduction. This virtually leads to complete elimination of line
flicker.
F21RE AB
MFO1
CL 16
CL 32
CL 16
CL 32
7634
7602
SW
RE
10
SR
SW
RE
SR
CK
CK
CK
CK
13
MEM1B
MEM1A
3V3
OE
OE
UV
Y
C1
C4
C1
C8
UV
C5
C8
R
R
W
I
S
S
E
E
T
T
I
I
R
W
C
C
PICNIC
(100Hz)(50Hz)
BUS C
Figure 9-13 Block Diagram Digital Scan
Bus A is the input bus for the FALCONIC. The data comes from
the two memory ICs (IC7602 and 7634) and the FALCONIC will
cluster this data. It is possible to connect two field memories to
the FALCONIC. The output of the FALCONIC is fed back to the
PICNIC via bus D.
The FALCONIC has two possible configurations:
•
Economy mode: In this mode, only Field Memory 2 is
mounted (saving the cost of Field Memory 3). In this
configuration, the full frame store can be made by a factor
2 data compression, using 2 dimensional DPCM
techniques. This results in a performance with more
quantisation noise, while maintaining improved MEMC
quality. In this case, a full "422" processing cannot be
achieved. Only the 422-DPCM is possible.
•
Full functionality mode: This configuration uses Field
Memory 2 and 3. Therefore, no picture performance
concessions are made here. In this mode, all FALCONIC
features can be applied optimally. However, to be able to
perform full "422" processing, the FM1 must be extended
with an extra 4 bits, for a total of 16 bits.
Power Supply and RESET Circuit
Besides the two incoming voltages, 8V6 and 5V2, two
stabilizers (for power consumption reasons) are used for the
3V3 (3V3A and 3V3B).
8V6
8V6
3V3B
5640
5V
7631
+3V3F
5606
5V
7630
3V3P
3V3A
+5V
3683
7600
3601
3603
3680
3605
7601
3604
3608
3609
C2690
3610
C2656
7613
7612
Figure 9-14 Block Diagram Reset Circuitry
Via the reset circuit (TS7600/TS7601) a pulse of 20 ms is
generated for the µP (in the PICNIC) and for the ROM. After
power "on", the 3V3 is built up, which is derived from the 5V2.
As long as the 5V2 is below the 3V3, the 3V3 follows the 5V2.
9.
EN 97
MF016
+5V
+5V
IC7638
3V3
BUS A
WE_D
WE IE OE
BUS D
YD0
YD7
UV D0
UV0
MEM2
FE04
FF11
FE00
FE03
BUS E
CL 32
CL 32
FALCONIC
+5V
+5V
IEE
WE_B
IC7640
WE IE
OE
BUS B
YB0
YB7
UVB0
UVB3
MEM3
RSTR
YC0
YC7
UVC0
UVC3
BUS C
BUS F
Y01
RE
D8
CL 32
CL 32
UVD1
D8
BUS D
CL 16532023_049.eps
PICNIC
20mS
6 µP RESET
7 WD RESET (WATCH DOG)
2mS
+5V
+3,3VB
CL 16532023_050.eps
DETECTION
3V3
240901
RSTR
210901
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