Page 1 SOMATOM Emotion 6/16-slice configuration Application Guide Protocols Principles Helpful Hints Software Version syngo CT 2007E...
Page 2 This material does not substitute for that duty and is not intended by Siemens Medical Solutions Inc., to be used for any purpose in that regard. The drugs and doses mentioned herein are consistent with the approval labeling for uses and/or indications of the drug.
Page 3 Overview User Documentation Scan and Reconstruction Dose Information Workflow Information Contrast Medium Application Information Head Neck Shoulder Thorax Abdomen Spine Pelvis Upper Extremities Lower Extremities Vascular Specials Radiation Therapy...
Page 4 Overview Respiratory Gating Children...
Page 5 Overview...
Page 6: Table Of Contents
- Quick Scan - Dynamic Multiscan - Dynamic Serioscan UFC detector • Acquisition, Slice Collimation and Slice Width • - SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration - SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration 26 Increment • Pitch • Kernels • - Head Kernels - Child Head Kernels...
Page 7 Contents CARE Dose 4D • - How does CARE Dose 4D work? - Special Modes of CARE Dose 4D - Scanning with CARE Dose 4D - Adjusting the Image Noise - Activating and Deactivating - Conversion of Old Protocols into Protocols with CARE Dose 4D 61 - Additional Important Information Workflow Information...
Page 8 Contents - Change parameters - Import scan protocols from SOMATOM LifeNet/CD Contrast Medium Contrast Medium • - The Basics - IV Injection Bolus Tracking • Test Bolus using CARE Bolus • Test Bolus • - CARE Contrast Application Information SOMATOM LifeNet •...
Page 9 Contents - InnerEarHRVol - InnerEar - InnerEarSeq - Sinus - SinusVol - Orbit - Dental Neck Overview • - General Hints - Body Kernels Scan Protocols • - NeckRoutine - NeckThinSlice - NeckVol Shoulder Overview • - General Hints - Body Kernels Scan Protocols •...
Page 10 Contents ThoraxFast06s - ThoraxHR - ThoraxHRSeq - ThoraxECGHRSeq - LungLowDose/ LungLowDose06s - LungCARE/ LungCARE06s Abdomen Overview • - General Hints - Body Kernels Scan Protocols • - AbdomenRoutine/ AbdomenRoutine06s - AbdomenCombi/ AbdomenCombi06s - AbdomenVol - AbdomenFast/ AbdomenFast06s - AbdMultiPhase/ AbdMultiPhase06s - AbdomenSeq - Colonography/ Colonography06s...
Page 11 Contents - SpineSeq - Osteo Pelvis Overview • - General Hints - Body Kernels Scan Protocols • - Pelvis - PelvisVol - Hip - HipVol - SI_Joints Upper Extremities Overview • - General Hints - Body Kernels Scan Protocols • - WristHR - ExtrRoutineHR - ExtrCombi...
Page 12 Contents Vascular Overview • - General Hints - Head Kernels - Body Kernels Scan Protocols • - HeadAngio/ HeadAngio06s - HeadAngioVol - CarotidAngio/ CarotidAngio06s - CarotidAngioVol - ThorAngioRoutine/ ThorAngioRoutine06s - ThorAngioVol - ThorAngioECG/ ThorAngioECG06s - ThorAngioECGSeq - Embolism/ Embolism06s - BodyAngioRoutine/ BodyAngioRoutine06s - BodyAngioVol - BodyAngioFast/...
Page 13 Contents - PolyTrauma/ PolyTrauma06s - HeadTrauma - HeadTraumaSeq - Additional Important Information Interventional CT - Biopsy • - Biopsy - Biopsy Single Interventional CT - CARE Vision • - The Basics - CAREVision - CAREVisionSingle - CAREVisionBone - HandCARE - Additional Important Information General Information for Biopsy and CARE •...
Page 14 Contents Respiratory Gating Key Features • - Respiratory Gating - Respiration Monitoring - Respiration Synchronization Positioning of the respiratory sensor belt 488 • Scanning Information • - Scan Parameters - Temporal Resolution - Technical Principles - Respiratory Triggering - Respiratory gating - Prospective respiratory triggering versus retrospective respiratory gating - Curve Editor...
Page 15 Contents - ThoraxRoutine/ ThoraxRoutine06s - ThoraxCombi/ ThoraxCombi06s - ThoraxHRSeq - AbdomenRoutine/ AbdomenRoutine06s - Spine/ SpineRoutine - SpineThinSlice - ExtrRoutineHR - ExtrCombi - HeadAngio/ HeadAngio06s - CarotidAngio/ CarotidAngio06s - BodyAngioRoutine/ BodyAngioRoutine06s - BodyAngioFast/ BodyAngioFast06s - NeonateBody/ NeonateBody06s...
Page 16: User Documentation
User Documentation For further information about the basic operation, please refer to the corresponding syngo CT Operator Manual: syngo CT Operator Manual Volume 1: syngo Security Package Siemens Virus Protection Basics SOMATOM LifeNet syngo Patient Browser syngo Data Set Conversion Camtasia...
Page 17 User Documentation syngo CT Operator Manual Volume 4: syngo LungCARE CT syngo Pulmo CT syngo Neuro Perfusion CT syngo Body Perfusion CT syngo CT Operator Manual Volume 5: syngo Calcium Scoring syngo Circulation syngo Volume Calculation syngo Dynamic Evaluation syngo Neuro DSA CT syngo CT Operator Manual Volume 6: syngo InSpace 4D CT syngo Colonography...
Page 18: Scan And Reconstruction
Scan and Reconstruction Concept of Scan Protocols The scan protocols for adult and children are defined according to body regions - Head, Neck, Shoulder, Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis, Spine, Upper Extremities, Lower Extremities, Vascular, RT, Specials and optional Cardiac, PET, SPECT and Private. The protocols for special applications are defined in the Application Guide “Clinical Applications”...
Page 19: Scan Set Up
Scan and Reconstruction Scan Set Up Scans can be simply set up by selecting a predefined examination protocol. To repeat any mode, just click the chronicle with the right mouse button for repeat. To delete it, select cut. Each range name in the chron- icle can be easily changed before load.
Page 20: Topo Length
Scan and Reconstruction Topo Length SOMATOM Emotion 16 Length [mm] 128, 256, 512, 768, 1024, 1500 Slice width [mm] 4x0.6 Angle Top, Bottom, Lateral SOMATOM Emotion 6 Length [mm] 128, 256, 512, 768, 1024, 1500, 1536*, 2000**, 2048*** Slice width [mm]...
Page 21: Scan Modes
Scan and Reconstruction Scan Modes Sequential Scanning This is an incremental, slice-by-slice imaging mode in which there is no table movement during data acquisi- tion. A minimum interscan delay in between each acquisition is required to move the table to the next slice position.
Page 22: Quick Scan
Scan and Reconstruction Quick Scan The data is usually acquired during a full 360° rotation – this is a Full scan. Data acquisition not using a full 360° rotation is called a “Quick scan”. Quick scans are employed to reduce motion artifacts and improve the temporal resolution.
Page 23: Ufc Detector
Scan and Reconstruction UFC detector Siemens’ proprietary, high-speed Ultra Fast Ceramic (UFC) detector enables a virtually simultaneous read- out of two projections for each detector element. The detector configuration with the routine acquisition of the Emotion 6/16-slice configuration: SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration:...
Page 24: Acquisition, Slice Collimation And Slice Width
(e.g. 6 x 1.0mm for the SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configura- tion or 16 x 0.6mm for the SOMATOM Emotion 16- slice configuration ). Slice width is the FWHM (full width at half maximum) of the reconstructed image.
Page 25: Somatom Emotion 16-Slice Configuration
Scan and Reconstruction SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configu- ration Spiral Mode Collimation/ Slice width Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 mm 16 x 1.2 mm 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0 mm HR/Neuro Spiral Mode...
Page 26: Somatom Emotion 6-Slice Configuration
Scan and Reconstruction SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configura- tion Spiral Mode Collimation Slice width 1 mm 1, 1.25, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 mm 2 mm 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 mm 3 mm 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 mm...
Page 27: Increment
Feed/Rotation = table movement per rotation The Pitch Factor can be freely adapted from 0.45 – 2.0, in Cardio, there is a fixed pitch down to 0.1. With the SOMATOM Emotion 6/16-slice configuration, you select the slice collimation together with the slice width desired.
Page 28: Kernels
Scan and Reconstruction Kernels There are 4 different types of kernels: “H“ stands for Head, “B“ stands for Body, “C“ stands for ChildHead and ”S” stands for Special Application, e.g. syngo Osteo CT. The image sharpness is defined by the numbers – the higher the number, the sharper the image;...
Page 29 Scan and Reconstruction Body Kernels: Kernel description B08s very smooth B10s very smooth B19s very smooth B20s smooth B29s smooth B30s medium smooth B31s medium smooth + B35s HeartView medium B39f HeartView medium B40s medium B41s medium+ B46s medium B50s medium sharp B60s sharp...
Page 30 Scan and Reconstruction Topogram Kernels: Kernel description T10s smooth T20s standard T21s standard T80s sharp T81s sharp T90s ultra sharp Special Application: Kernel description S30s Shepp-Logan S80s Shepp-Logan with notch filter S90s Shepp-Logan without notch filter U90s specification kernel...
Page 31 Scan and Reconstruction PET-Kernel: Kernel B19s smooth B29s medium smooth B39s medium H19s smooth H29s medium smooth H39s medium SPECT-Kernel: Kernel SPECT H08s very smooth B08s very smooth...
Page 32: Head Kernels
Scan and Reconstruction Head Kernels For soft tissue head studies, the standard kernel is H40s; softer images are obtained with H30s or H20s, H10s, sharper images with H50s. The kernels H21s, H31s, H41s yield the same visual sharpness as H20s, H30s or H40s, respectively.
Page 33: Body Kernels
Scan and Reconstruction Body Kernels As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended; softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s (extremely soft). The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s respectively, B40s, the image appearance, however, is more acceptable due to a "fine-grained"...
Page 34: Extended Fov
Scan and Reconstruction Extended FoV SOMATOM Emotion 16/6-slice configuration offers the extended field of view. The range can be individually adapted by the user from 50 cm up to 70 cm. To use this feature you have to select the extended FoV checkbox on the Recon subtask card.
Page 35: Auto-Fov
Scan and Reconstruction Auto-FoV After scanning a topogram the available ranges are dis- played in the topo segment. They can be automatically adapted according to the patient contours. When mov- ing the scan range over the topogram and press the "ctrl"...
Page 36 Scan and Reconstruction Hints • When positioning the arms along the body, the Auto- FoV will also cover the arms. • When scanning two extremities at the same time, the Auto-FoV will also cover both extremities.
Page 37: Neuro Modes
Scan and Reconstruction Neuro Modes In addition to the standard collimations, the SOMA- TOM Emotion 16-slice configuration provides a special mode which is optimized for Neuro applications. Excel- lent low contrast and detail resolution are achieved. For spiral scans 4 x 0.6 acquisition mode is provided in the range of the cerebrum.
Page 38: Automatic Bone Correction
Scan and Reconstruction Automatic Bone Correction The head protocols provide significant improvements regarding image quality for heads. An automatic bone correction algorithm has been included in the standard image reconstruction. Using a new iterative technique, typical artifacts arising from the beam-hardening effect, for example, Hounsfield bar, are minimized without additional post-processing.
Page 39: Positioning
Scan and Reconstruction Positioning In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose, scans in body regions “Head” and “AngioHead” are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso-center. No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible.
Page 40: Image Filters
Scan and Reconstruction Image Filters If you use kernels, the images are reconstructed again with the selected kernel value. If you use image filters, the images are not reconstructed again and the result is much quicker. Three different filters are available: LCE: The Low-contrast enhancement filter enhances low-contrast detectability.
Page 41 Scan and Reconstruction "HCE": The High-contrast enhancement (HCE) filter enhances high-contrast detectability. It increases the image sharpness, similar to reconstruction with a sharper kernel. • Increases sharpness • Faster than raw-data reconstruction • Enhances high-contrast detectability • Automatic post-processing Image taken without Image taken with the the HCE filter HCE filter...
Page 42: Dose Information
Dose Information CTDI and CTDI The average dose in the scan plane is best described by the CTDI for the selected scan parameters. The CTDI is measured in dedicated plastic phantoms – 16 cm diameter for head and 32 cm diameter for body (as defined in IEC 60601 –...
Page 43 Dose Information Note: Previously the dose display on the user interface was labeled “CTDI “. This displayed CTDI was also cor- rected for the pitch and was therefore identical to the current CTDI The CTDI value does not provide the entire informa- tion of the radiation risk associated with CT examina- tion.
Page 44: Impactdose
Dose Information ImpactDose For most of the scan protocols, the effective dose num- bers for standard male* and female* are calculated, and listed the result in the description of each scan pro- tocol. The calculation was performed using the commercially available program "ImpactDose"...
Page 45: Effective Mas
CTDIw Pitch Factor To simplify this task, the concept of the “effective“ mAs was introduced with the SOMATOM Multislice scan- ners. The effective mAs takes into account the influence of pitch on both the image quality and dose: Effective mAs =...
Page 46 Dose Information For spiral scan protocols, the indicated mAs is the effective mAs per image. The correlation between tube current and effective mAs of spiral scans on a Multi- slice CT scanner is expressed by the following formula: Effective mAs = mA x RotTime Pitch Factor Pitch Factor = Feed per Rotation nrow x Slice collimation...
Page 47: Care Dose 4D
Dose Information CARE Dose 4D CARE Dose 4D is an automated exposure control, which ensures constant diagnostic image quality over all body regions at the lowest possible dose. CARE Dose 4D combines three different adaptation methods to optimize image quality at the lowest dose level: •...
Page 48 Dose Information Based on a user defined Image Quality Reference mAs, CARE Dose 4D automatically adapts the (eff.) mAs to the patient size and attenuation changes within the scan region. With the setting of the Image Quality Reference mAs you can adjust image quality (image noise) to the diagnostic requirements and the individual preference of the radiologist.
Page 49: How Does Care Dose 4D Work
Dose Information How does CARE Dose 4D work? CARE Dose 4D combines two types of tube current modulation: 1) Axial tube current modulation: Based on a single Topogram (a.p. or lateral) the atten- uation profile along the patient’s long axis is measured in direction of the projection and estimated for the per- pendicular direction by a sophisticated algorithm.
Page 50 Dose Information 2) Angular tube current modulation: Based on the above described axial eff. mAs profiles, the tube current is modulated during each tube rota- tion. Therefore the angular attenuation profile is mea- sured automatically during the scan and the tube cur- rent is modulated accordingly in real time to achieve an optimum distribution of the X-ray intensity for every viewing angle.
Page 51 Dose Information Reduced dose level Scan with constant mA Real-time angular based on topogram dose modulation slice position...
Page 52 Dose Information Principle of automatic tube current adaptation by CARE Dose 4D for a spiral scan from shoulder to pelvis (very high table feed for demonstration): High tube current and strong modulation in shoulder and pelvis, lower tube current and low modulation in abdomen and thorax.
Page 53: Special Modes Of Care Dose 4D
Dose Information Special Modes of CARE Dose 4D For certain examination protocols CARE Dose 4D uses modified tube current modulation, to meet specific conditions, for example: • for Adult Head protocols the tube current is adapted to the variation along the patient’s long axis and not to the angular attenuation profile.
Page 54: Scanning With Care Dose 4D
CARE Dose 4D. *For Siemens scan protocols of SW version syngo CT 2007E, the settings of CARE Dose 4D are already pre- defined but may be changed to meet the customer’s...
Page 55 Dose Information Outside the topogram range, CARE Dose 4D will con- tinue the scan with the last available topogram infor- mation. Without a topogram, CARE Dose 4D cannot be switched on. Repositioning of the patient on the table and excessive motion of the patient must be avoided between the topogram and the scan.
Page 56 Dose Information After the topogram has been scanned, the (eff.) mAs value in the Routine tab card displays the mean (eff.) mAs estimated by CARE Dose 4D based on the topo- gram*. After the scan has been performed this value is updated to the mean (eff.) mAs that was applied.
Page 57 Dose Information The Quality reference mAs value is displayed on the Scan tab card. This defines the overall image quality of the scan protocol currently being used. This value can be adapted for each protocol according to the user’s individual requirements of image quality. Here you can also view the effective mAs value that the system is going to use for the current scan range.
Page 58: Adjusting The Image Noise
Dose Information Adjusting the Image Noise The correlation between attenuation and tube current is defined by the analytical function described above. This function may be adjusted to adapt the image qual- ity (image noise) according to the diagnostic require- ments and the individual preference of the radiologist. –...
Page 59 Dose Information If you change the quality ref. mAs, a pop-up window is displayed. • To change the configuration of CARE Dose 4D, please open the Examination Configuration dialog box under Options > Configuration. In the window that then appears, please double-click the Examina- tion icon to display the configuration window.
Page 60 Dose Information – if the automatic dose increase for obese patients (or patient sections) has to be more moderate than the preset (choose obese: weak increase), resulting in more image noise and a lower dose for those images. – if the automatic dose decrease for slim patients (or patient sections) has to be stronger than the preset (choose slim: strong decrease), resulting in more image noise and a lower dose for those images.
Page 61: Activating And Deactivating
Dose Information Activating and Deactivating CARE Dose 4D may be activated or deactivated for the current scan in the Scan tab card. If CARE Dose 4D is activated as default, the Image Quality Reference mAs value is set to the default value of the protocol. After deactivating CARE Dose 4D, the Image Quality Reference mAs is dimmed and the (eff.) mAs value has to be adjusted to the individual patient’s size! If...
Page 62 Dose Information If you are unsure about the correct Image Quality Ref- erence mAs value, follow this simple procedure: • Enter the (eff.) mAs value used for that type of pro- tocol without CARE Dose 4D. • There is a simple way of ascertaining what eff. mAs CARE Dose 4D will use along the scan range: When the topogram is complete shrink the scan range to it's minimum.
Page 63: Additional Important Information
Dose Information Additional Important Information For ideal dose application it is very important to posi- tion the patient in the isocenter of the gantry. Example for an a.p. topogram: X-ray tube Patient (centered) Detector Patient is positioned in the isocenter – optimal dose and image quality X-ray tube Patient...
Page 64: Workflow Information
Workflow Information WorkStream4D Recon Jobs In the Recon card, you can define up to eight recon- struction jobs for each range with different parameters either before or after you acquire the data. When you click on Recon, these jobs are performed automatically in the background.
Page 65: 3D Recon
Workflow Information 3D Recon 3D Recon allows you to perform oblique and/ or double oblique reconstructions in any user-defined direction directly after scanning. No further post-processing or data loading is needed. The high-quality SPO (spiral oblique) images are calcu- lated by using the system’s raw data. Key Features •...
Page 66 Workflow Information Workflow Description WorkStream 4D improves your workflow whenever non-axial images of a CT scan are required, for example examinations of the spine. 3D reconstructions are possible: – spiral scan is needed – as soon as one scan range is finished and at least one axial reconstruction job has been performed (RTD or RTR images).
Page 67 Workflow Information Additional Important Information Pitch factor for 3D Recon • For reconstruction of 3D recon jobs the maximum pitch factor is 1.5. If the pitch factor is > 1.5 a message window informs you that this 3D recon job cannot be started and may be deleted.
Page 68 Workflow Information Three planning segments in perpendicular orienta- tions will appear in the upper screen area. You can choose between MPR Thick (3 mm) and MIP Thin (10 mm) as the image type for your planning volume using the relevant buttons. In each segment you will find a pink rectangle which represents the boundary of the result images.
Page 69 Workflow Information The rectangle with the grid represents the reference image (topogram) which is added to the Topogram series including the reference lines after reconstruc- tion. Topographics indicator Reference lines Recon area...
Page 70 Workflow Information Preview Image A preview of the actual FoV is now available. • After pressing the button Preview Image the actual FoV to be reconstructed will be displayed. • Clicking again on the button deactivates the preview image and displays the whole reference image again.
Page 71: Sagittal/Coronal Reconstructions
Workflow Information Depending on the desired resultant images, choose coronal, sagittal or oblique recon axis. 1. Sagittal/Coronal Reconstructions • Adjust the field of view size to your needs. • It is only possible to reconstruct images with a squared matrix. 2.
Page 72 Workflow Information To define the reference image (topogram) to the active segment, click on the Set Reference Segment button. This defines the orientation of the reference image which will be added to the result images. Once you have finished the adjustment, start calcula- tion of the result images by clicking on the Recon but- ton.
Page 73 Workflow Information Additional Information As soon as you define a new recon range, all recon ranges will be shown in the topo segment. The two numbers on the right-hand side at the beginning of each recon range indicate the recon job the range belongs to.
Page 74 Workflow Information Recon Planning During planning of a 3D recon range, the image dis- played in the FoV segment will be updated to the new position of the recon start and end position. The corresponding reference line displayed in both planning segments is the reference line to the actual image displayed in the FoV segment.
Page 75 Workflow Information • Oblique reconstruction of the sinuses: – Scan a topogram – Plan your axial spiral scan range – Reconstruction of the spiral images (RT images) – Select Recon job Type oblique – Select the sagittal image segment – Enable Free Mode –...
Page 76: Non-Square Matrix For 3D Recon
Workflow Information Non-square Matrix for 3D Recon If you perfrom a 3D reconstruction of your spiral scan you have the possibility to choose between three dif- ferent FoV matrices: 512 square, 512 non-square, 256 non-square. In some cases it is already saved to the scan protocol (Spine, CarotidAngio) set up a new scan protocol or want to modify an existing one you can save the non-square matrix together with the recon...
Page 77: Case Examples For 3D Recon And Non-Square Matrix
Workflow Information Case Examples for 3D Recon and Non- Square Matrix Some scan protocols are delivered with predefined oblique and non-square matrix reconstructions. These protocols are marked with the suffix “VOL” • Coronal and sagittal reconstruction of the spine: – Scan a topogram –...
Page 78 Workflow Information – Rotate the reference lines until the best view on the sinuses is displayed in one of the other seg- ments – Select this segment and press button Set FoV Seg- ment button – Select the Matrix size for example, non-square 512 and adjust the FoV to your needs –...
Page 79: Workflow
Workflow Patient Position A default patient position can be linked and stored to each scan protocol. The SIEMENS default protocols are already linked to a default patient position. (Head first - supine) If a scan protocol is selected and confirmed in the...
Page 80: Navigation Within The Topogram
Workflow Information Navigation within the Topogram Navigation within the topogram helps you to plan a reconstruction range. The minimum conditions for its use are a scanned range and the availability of RTD (Real time display) images. After scanning, an orange line is displayed within the topogram.
Page 81: Api Language
Workflow Information API Language The API language can now be selected directly in the Patient Model Dialog. When the API language is selected, only the relevant, language specific API entries can be selected in the Scan subtask card. This way it is much easier to select the correct patient instruction.
Page 82 Workflow Information Before recording a new API text, first define the API lan- guage in the API setup dialog under Setup > API/Com- ment Setup in the main menu.
Page 83: E - Logbook
Workflow Information e - Logbook The goal of e-Logbook is to offer an effective and effi- cient functionality to process examination informa- tion. The e-Logbook consists of three components: • The e-Logbook Configuration • The e-Logbook subtask card area • The e-Logbook Browser, where all examinations can be listed for viewing, sorting, searching and printing e- Logbook Configuration...
Page 84 Workflow Information Over Default Time period you can determine how the recordings should be listed inside the e-Logbook Browser: – Today (which is the default setting) – This week – This month – Yesterday – Last week – Last month Any changes can be saved by selecting "Apply"...
Page 85 Workflow Information On the Manual Entries tab card you can configure the System Entries and Manual Entries, that should be displayed in the e-Logbook. System Entries are automatically filled out by the sys- tem and displayed in the e-Logbook as read-only if they are configured.
Page 86 Workflow Information Furthermore the Continuous Number can be set to: – Daily – Monthly – Yearly If you set Continuous Number to Daily, the continu- ous number starts with one each day.
Page 87: E- Logbook Subtask Card Area
Workflow Information Additionally the user can define Manual Entries which will also be displayed in the e-Logbook. These infor- mation can be pre-configured and then selected over a drop down menu in the e-Logbook. To configure new entries of the drop down menu for each Manual Entry, just type the desired information inside and click on add.
Page 88: E- Logbook Browser
Workflow Information e- Logbook Browser You will find the e- Logbook Browser in the main menu under Patient > e- Logbook browser or you can use F12 key on your keyboard. You can list the e-Logbook recordings by date. Select your desired timeframe in the calendar and click List now.
Page 89 Workflow Information Additional to the dates, certain criteria can be selected to have a more specific search. Search criteria can be defined for all entries recorded inside the e-Logbook. For example, the entry Number of images is recorded. A search for datasets which have a certain amount of images can be defined.
Page 90 Workflow Information Hints for the Record List: 1. Calling up Patient Browser When you double click on any record in the e-Logbook Browser, the patient data of the Patient Browser will be opened, if still available and the customer has the chance to edit the patient information.
Page 91: Study Continuation
Workflow Information Study Continuation An existing study can be continued at a later time. To load an existing study: • Select the desired study in the Patient Browser. • Select Register from the Patient drop-down menu. • The patient data is loaded in the Registration dialog box.
Page 92: Reconstruction On The Syngo Ct Workplace
Workflow Information Reconstruction on the syngo CT Work- place It is possible to start all reconstructions from your sat- ellite console. • Raw data has to be available in the local database • Select the raw data series of the patient in the Patient Browser and load it into the Recon card •...
Page 93: Examination Job Status
Workflow Information Examination Job Status You can get an overview of all recon jobs by clicking on the recon task symbol in the status bar or selecting Transfer – Examination Job status in the patient main menu in the Patient Browser. The Examination Job Status dialog box will appear where all recon jobs (completed, queued and in work) are listed.
Page 94: Auto Load In 3D And Postprocessing Presets
Workflow Information Auto Load in 3D and Postprocessing Presets You can activate the Auto load in 3D function on the Examination task card/Auto Tasking and link it to a recon job, for example, the 2 recon job with thinner slice width in some of the examination protocols. If the post-processing type is chosen from the pull-down menu, the reconstructed images will be loaded auto- matically into the 3D task card on the syngo Acquisi-...
Page 95 Workflow Information The same can be done for VRT presets. In the main menu under Type > VRT Definition, you can link VRT presets with a series description. Some of the scan protocols, primarily for Angio exami- nations, are already preset in the protocol with Auto load in 3D.
Page 96: Scan Protocol Creation
Workflow Information Scan Protocol Creation You can modify or create your scan protocols in two different ways: • by editing/saving scan protocols • via scan protocol manager. Edit/Save Scan Protocol If you want to modify an existing protocol or create a new one, for example, you want to have two Abdo- menRoutine Protocols with different slice widths, we recommend you do this directly on the Examination...
Page 97 Workflow Information User-specific scan protocols can be saved with the fol- lowing basic procedure: • Register a patient, you can choose any patient posi- tion in the Patient Model Dialog. • Select an existing scan protocol in the Patient Model Dialog.
Page 98: Scan Protocol Assistant
Workflow Information Additional important information: • You can save your scan protocol at any time during the examination. • It is recommended that you save your own scan pro- tocol under a new name in order to avoid overwrit- ing the default scan protocol. •...
Page 99 Four different operation types are possible: • Manipulate Scan protocols (cut, copy, paste and delete) • Change parameters • Import scan protocols from SOMATOM LifeNet/CD • Restore protocols to Siemens default Additional important information • Each workflow consists of up to five steps, indicated by the footprints.
Page 100: Manipulate Scan Protocols
Workflow Information Manipulate scan protocols This workflow consists of four steps. Step 2 - Manipulate scan protocols (cut/copy/paste/ delete) To be able to modify existing scan protocols you just have to click with the right mouse button onto the pro- tocol you want to cut, copy or delete, there a menu will be displayed where you can choose what you want to Cutting a scan protocol out of one of the folders and...
Page 101 Workflow Information Setting the Emergency Protocol: One protocol must be labeled as the emergency pro- tocol, if you want to change the default emergency protocol you have to select the desired protocol and click onto the Emergency icon. An Application Restart is necessary to set the new default emergency proto- col.
Page 102 Workflow Information Step 3 - Confirmation Here you can check the modifications and save the changes. All relevant information such as the Name of the manipulated scan protocols, destination Folder, Name of the deleted protocols and the changed Emer- gency protocols are displayed inside the Change over- view.
Page 103: Change Parameters
Here you can select: • scan protocols with certain recon jobs • all scan protocols with ECG • all customized or Siemens scan protocols for modifi- cation • all scan protocols Additionally you can choose in the protocol list: •...
Page 104 Workflow Information All scan protocols selected in Step 2 are displayed. For each parameter you can select the scan protocols you want to apply your changes. The <Select All> check- box is convenient for the user to select and deselect all scan protocols listed.
Page 105 Workflow Information Protocol Select single scan protocol or all scan protocols you want to modify in this subsection. In the subsection Protocol the following changes can be made: – Protocol Name This entry is only available in single protocol selec- tion.
Page 106 Workflow Information The four buttons: Column Configuration, Show/Hide Parameters, Parameter Property and Find/Replace are now available. – Column Configuration With the column configuration you can include or exclude specific entries that will be displayed in the sub footprint line and also change the order of the entries with the drag&drop functionality.
Page 107 Workflow Information Topogram Select single scan protocol or all scan protocols you want to modify in this subsection. In the subsection topogram the following changes can be made: – mA Set the mA value for the topogram. – Topogram length All available topo lengths are listed in the dropdown list.
Page 108 Workflow Information Scan Select single scan protocol or all scan protocols you want to modify in this subsection. Additionally you can select the scan mode entries: – Sequence – Spiral – Multiscan – CAREVision The displayed parameters depend on the selection you have made.
Page 109 Workflow Information It is possible to insert the Autorange brackets in a selected Multi Range by using the right mouse button and removing the Pause from the protocol. You are also able to put a pause into your selected Ranges so you are scanning the ranges seperatly.
Page 110 Workflow Information Scan Parameters Spiral Sequence Multisca CareVision Mixed Mode Mode n Mode Mode Mode eff. mAs CARE Dose type Dose modulation Quality Ref Slice Cycle Time Rotation Time Pitch Table feed Scan Time Scan Direction HandCARE Start Delay Range Start API Cluster Range Name...
Page 111 Workflow Information Recon You can select all recon jobs, Sequence, Spiral, Multi- scan and CareVision Scan Entries you want to modify in this subsection, of course you can also only select single Recon jobs out of the list. Additionally you can display information about the scan range: •...
Page 112 Workflow Information In the subsection Recon the following changes can be made: Scan Parameters Spiral Sequence Multisca CareVision Mixed Mode Mode n Mode Mode Mode Slice Recon Increment Kernel Window Mirror No of images Extended Recon type Series description Recon job type Recon axis Image Order...
Page 113 Workflow Information AutoTasking Select single recon job or all recon jobs you want to modify in this subsection. Additionally you can display information about the scan range: • When "include scan range information" is selected, an information line for each scan range is listed before the recon jobs belonging to this scan range, you might have to scroll to the right side of the line to get the information visible.
Page 114 Workflow Information In the subsection Auto Tasking the following changes can be made: • Auto transfer 1,2,3 • Auto Viewing • Auto Recon • Auto Filming • Auto Postprocessing • Auto Reference lines (only if selected in the protocol) • Body Part Examined...
Page 115 Workflow Information Trigger Select single, all, all sequence or all spiral scan proto- cols with trigger, • When "include scan range and recon information" is selected, an information line for each scan range and reconstruction is listed before the recon jobs belong- ing to this scan range, you might have to scroll to the right side of the line to get the information visible.
Page 116 Workflow Information Some parameters listed are associated with each other. If you input a value which influences another value and therefore causes a conflict, the influenced param- eter values are auto corrected and displayed in green. If an invalid protocol is loaded, the parameters with the incorrect value will be highlighted in yellow.
Page 117: Import Scan Protocols From Somatom Lifenet/Cd
Import scan protocols from SOMATOM LifeNet/CD In this workflow you can import new scan protocols either from SOMATOM LifeNet, if a remote connection is available, or from CD. Before you can import new scan protocols, you have to download them from the SOMATOM LifeNet.
Page 118 This workflow consists of four steps: Step 2- Select the scan protocols you want to restore to Siemens default. In this workflow you can restore or import Siemens default scan protocols. Adult and Child protocols are managed apart. • Select what you want to do –...
Page 119 • Select deleted Siemens scan protocols – The <Select Deleted> checkbox is convenient for the user to select and deselect all deleted Siemens default scan protocols – The checkbox is in indeterminate state when some but not all deleted Siemens default scan protocols are selected in the region protocol lists.
Page 120 To list all available protocols, select the List all proto- cols icon in the lower left corner of any arbitrary step. Comparisons between Siemens default and custom- ized protocols is possible with this table. You are able to print, export to floppy and export this sheet as a .xml file under H:/SiteData/protocols.
Page 121 Workflow Information...
Page 122: Contrast Medium
Contrast Medium Contrast Medium The Basics The administration of intravenous (IV) contrast mate- rial during spiral scanning improves the tissue and lesion characterization, as well as the opacity of ves- sels. The contrast scan will yield good results only if acquisition is performed during the optimal phase of enhancement in the region of interest.
Page 123 Contrast Medium The dynamics of the contrast enhancement is deter- mined by: • Patient cardiac output • Injection rate • Total volume of contrast medium injected • Concentration of the contrast medium • Type of injection – uni-phasic or bi-phasic •...
Page 124 Contrast Medium Time [s] Time [s] Injection rate: 2 ml/s, Injection rate: 4 ml/s, 120 ml, 300 mg I/ml 120 ml, 300 mg I/ml Time [s] Time [s] Total volume of contrast Total volume of contrast medium injected: 80 ml, medium injected: 120 ml, 4 ml/s, 300 mg I/ml 4 ml/s, 300 mg I/ml...
Page 125: Iv Injection
Contrast Medium IV Injection* The administration of a contrast medium depends on the indication and on the delay times to be used during the examination. The patients weight and circulatory situation also play a role. In general, no more than 3 ml per kg of body weight for adults and 2 ml per kg of body weight for children should be applied.
Page 126: Bolus Tracking
Contrast Medium Bolus Tracking An automatic Bolus Tracking program is available which enables triggering of the spiral scanning at the optimal phase of the contrast enhancement. Additional Important Information 1.This mode can be used in combination with any spi- ral scanning protocol. Simply insert Bolus Tracking by clicking the right mouse button in the chronicle.
Page 127 Contrast Medium – Move the monitoring scan line toward the optimal position and release the mouse button, it will be snapped automatically. (Trick: if you move the mon- itoring scan line away from the optimal position the snapping mechanism will be inactive). 4.Place a ROI in the premonitoring scan on the target area or vessel used for triggering with one left mouse click.
Page 128: Test Bolus Using Care Bolus
Contrast Medium Test Bolus using CARE Bolus You can use the CARE Bolus option as a Test Bolus. Method 1.Insert a Bolus Tracking via the context menu prior to the spiral. 2.Insert contrast from the context menu. Note: By inserting contrast you are interrupting the Auto range function preventing an automatic start of the spiral.
Page 129: Test Bolus
Contrast Medium Test Bolus This is a low dose sequential protocol without table feed used to calculate the start delay of a spiral scan to ensure optimal enhancement after the contrast medium injection. The syngo Dynamic Evaluation function may be used to generate the time density curve.
Page 130: Care Contrast
Contrast Medium 6.Load the images into the DynEva task card and determine the time to peak enhancement. Alterna- tively, on the image segment, click select series with the right mouse button and position an ROI on the first image. This ROI will appear on all images in the test bolus series.
Page 131 Contrast Medium Workflow To start a contrast enhanced examination in coupled mode: • Select the Scan subtask card. • Select under the menu field Scan Start either the entry Injector coupled (Start button) or the entry Injector coupled (Footswitch) – Injector coupled (Start button): The Start button of the CT scanner will start the injector.
Page 132 Contrast Medium After the injector is armed the scan and the injector can be started by pressing either the Start button/ Footswitch at the scanner, or the Start button at the injector panel outside of the scan room or directly at the injector inside the scan room.
Page 133 Contrast Medium Additional Important Information • If Coupled Mode is selected the CT checks if there is an injector available. The scan mode cannot be loaded if a connection can- not be established or if the injector does not accept coupling (The injector will not accept coupling while injecting).
Page 134 Contrast Medium The injector reports a technical problem: The connection between scanner and injector is inter- rupted, or the injection was stopped due to technical problems. In this case the scan continues and an error message pops up. The user can decide if he wants to stop the scan or if he would like to continue.
Page 135 Contrast Medium...
Page 136: Application Information
SOMATOM LifeNet online area where you will find further functions to ease your daily work. To benefit from the SOMATOM LifeNet online area, a Siemens Remote Service connection is required.
Page 137: Key Features
SOMATOM LifeNet offline (All users): • General Information about your system and configu- ration • Access to syngo E-Learning SOMATOM LifeNet online (In combination with a Sie- mens Remote Service connection): • Newsticker archive and FAQ (frequently asked ques- tions) section •...
Page 138: Somatom Lifenet Offline
Application Information SOMATOM LifeNet offline Start SOMATOM LifeNet by selecting SOMATOM LifeNet under Options in your syngo menu bar and you will find a browser window that allows you to access various information about your hard- and soft- ware environment.
Page 139 E-Train- ing. The syngo Advanced Application E-Learning can be downloaded in the SOMATOM LifeNet online area or is sent to you automatically on CD if trial soft- ware is requested via SOMATOM LifeNet.
Page 140: Somatom Lifenet Online
Newsticker and see the expi- ration date of installed trial software. Access the Siemens Extranet by clicking on SOMATOM LifeNet online. After entering your CT system serial number you will be forwarded to the information and service portal.
Page 141 Application Information Download of Files Each download will be performed in the background and even if you disconnect your SOMATOM LifeNet online session and start to work with the CT scanner, it will continue the process until the download is com- pleted.
Page 142 Application Information The E-training is automatically installed as soon as it is downloaded and can be started within the SOMATOM LifeNet offline section under SOMATOM Educate > E- Training. For syngo Acquisition Workplaces, you can down- load and install scan protocols.
Page 143 All new protocols, including those you did not choose to import to the Customer Folder will also be stored in the Siemens Folder so that they can be copied later. All downloaded scan protocols are named "DL_.." so they can be easily identified when mixed with pre- installed protocols.
Page 144 CTRL and V into the Extranet. Every patient image is made anonymous before send- ing. Because the SOMATOM LifeNet window is always in the foreground we recommend to restore/minimize it to be able to switch between both screens, the File...
Page 145 Application Information Trial Order and Installation As a SOMATOM CT user you can request trial clinical software directly from the scanner. The requested soft- ware will be made available and installed automati- cally through our Siemens Remote Services connec- tion.
Page 146 Information about current courses and clinical training programs, as well as CT accessories can be sent from the scanner to any email account. This information can then be printed or a quote requested from your local Siemens representative.
Page 147: Image Converter
Application Information Image Converter The CT application Common DICOM Adapter can con- vert different DICOM data sets to formats provided by other CT vendors. – You will find the converter in the Applications menu of the Patient Browser.
Page 148 Application Information In the pop-up window you can select the application for which you want to convert the images...
Page 149 Application Information Split-Up Multi-Phase Series 1.Select Split-up series according to trigger delay from the section Split-up Heartview 4D series, if you intend to split-up the series of multi-phase heart reconstruction according to the different heart phases included. 2.Select Split-up series according to slice position to split up the series according to the different slice positions it contains.
Page 150: Report Template Configuration
Application Information Report Template Configuration Under Options/Configuration you will find the Report Template Configuration. With the Report Configuration you can edit the basic information, e.g. clinic information for your report templates of the applications: – syngo Calcium Scoring – syngo Colonography CT –...
Page 151: File Browser
DICOM images (export to offline), transferring AVIs, or accessing files (PDF files) which were downloaded via SOMATOM LifeNet. Key Features • Copy images and files to the CD Burn folder.
Page 152 Application Information Raw data transfer: Raw data set can be transferred. First configure the directory where the raw data should be transferred to: • Open the File Browser. • Choose the desired directory from the navigation tree to the left of the File Browser. •...
Page 153 Application Information Burn on CD: • Do not write files to CD-R while other jobs are being transferred. • Make sure that the volume of data to be recorded does not exceed the CD-R storage capacity. • Select the desired files and copy & paste or drag & drop them into the folder CDBurn (or send them via the right mouse button menu to the folder CDBurn).
Page 154 Application Information Review reports and movies: • Select the desired files and double-click on them. • The corresponding program, for example, Movie Media Player, will be opened and you can review what you have saved. • You can now transfer these files to floppy disk or copy them onto a CD.
Page 155: Camtasia
Application Information Camtasia Camtasia is a separate software tool that allows you to film your desktop activities. You can save these record- ings as avi files for documentation and presentation purposes. Key features • Camtasia Recorder: to capture avi files. Before starting recording you can select the area you want to capture.
Page 156 Application Information Under Tools > Options you can define special settings for recording: • AVI – to define Video and Audio options • File – to define the output options (files and folders) • Hotkeys – to define special hotkeys, e.g. for start/ stop recording •...
Page 157 Application Information • Program – to define capture options...
Page 158 Application Information The Effects Options dialog box allows you to set options for your recording, for example, cursor effects.
Page 159: Additional Important Information
Application Information Additional Important Information • To transfer avi files from the file browser to any exter- nal storage device, for example CD, or USB stick use RMB menu Send to. Drag&drop and copy/paste to any storage device is not possible within the File Browser.
Page 160: Patient Protocol
Application Information Patient Protocol Scan: number of scan range kilo Volt mAs: averaged applied mAs of the range ref. mAs quality ref. mAs of the range Rotation Time cSL: collimated Slice CTDI CTDI Pitch Factor For further information please refer to the chapter “Dose Information“.
Page 161 Application Information...
Page 162: Head
Head Overview In this chapter you will find all scan protocols relating to the Head region, their descriptions, individual indi- cations, and important hints on using them. You can use the following scan protocols to clarify, for example, stroke, brain tumors, cranial trauma, cere- bral atrophy, hydrocephalus, and inflammatory changes.
Page 163 Head For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – HeadRoutine Spiral mode for routine head studies – HeadNeuro Special spiral mode using an acq. of 4 x 0.6 mm – HeadSeq Sequential mode for routine head studies – InnerEarHR Spiral mode for high resolution inner ear studies –...
Page 164 Head For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – HeadRoutine Spiral mode for routine head studies – HeadSeq Sequential mode for routine head studies – InnerEarHR Spiral mode for high resolution inner ear studies – InnerEarHRVol Spiral mode for high resolution inner ear studies and double oblique studies –...
Page 165: General Hints
Head General Hints • Topogram: Lateral, 256 mm. • Patient positioning: Patient lying in supine position, arms resting against body, secure head well in the head holder, support lower legs. • Gantry tilt is available for sequence scanning. However, image artifacts may occur if spirals are acquired with a tilt angle greater than 8°.
Page 166: Head Kernels
Head Head Kernels • For soft tissue head studies, the standard kernel is H40s; softer images are obtained with H30s or H20s, H10s, sharper images with H50s. The kernels H21s, H31s, H41s yield the same visual sharpness as H20s, H30s, H40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 167 Head...
Page 168: Scan Protocols
For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range for the base of 4 cm will be covered in 14.36 sec., a range for the cerebrum of 8 cm will be covered in 14.36 sec.
Page 169 Head Emotion 16 Base Cerebrum Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.5 sec. 1.5 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm 1.2 mm Slice width 4.0 mm 6.0 mm Feed/Rotation 5.3 mm 10.6 mm Pitch factor 0.55...
Page 170 Head Emotion 6 Base Cerebrum Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.5 sec. 1.5 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm 2.0 mm Slice width 4.0 mm 6.0 mm Feed/Rotation 2.4 mm 4.8 mm Pitch factor 0.40...
Page 171 Head Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec. Flow rate 2 ml/sec. Total amount 50 – 60 ml Hints • An automatic bone correction allows for improved head image quality, without any additional postpro- cessing. • In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose, scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso-center.
Page 172: Headneuro
Head HeadNeuro Indications: Special spiral neuro mode for dedicated head studies. Two ranges are predefined for the base of the skull using an acquisition of 16x0.6 mm and for the cere- brum using an acquisition of 4x0.6 mm. A range for the base of 4 cm will be covered in 9.58 sec., a range for the cerebrum of 8 cm will be cov- ered in 68.67 sec.
Page 173 Head Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec. Flow rate 2 ml/sec. Total amount 50 – 60 ml Hints • An automatic bone correction allows for improved head image quality, without any additional postpro- cessing. • In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose, scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the isocenter.
Page 174: Headseq
Two ranges are predefined for the base of the skull and for the cerebrum. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 12.30 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 12.80 cm.
Page 175 Head Emotion 16 BaseSeq CerebrumSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.5 sec. 1.5 sec. Acquisition 2 x 5.0 mm 2 x 8.0 mm Slice collimation 5.0 mm 8.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 8.0 mm Feed/Scan 10 mm 16 mm Kernel H31s...
Page 176 Head Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec. Flow rate 2 ml/sec. Volume 50-60 ml Hints • An automatic bone correction allows for improved head image quality, without any additional postpro- cessing. • In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose, scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso-center.
Page 177: Innerearhr
For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 4.0 cm will be covered in 24.22 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 4.0 cm will be covered in 17.69 sec.
Page 178 Head Emotion 16 InnerEar reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 4 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 0.75 mm Feed/Rotation 1.1 mm Pitch Factor 0.45 Increment 2.0 mm 0.6 mm Kernel H90s H90s...
Page 179 Head Hints • For image reconstruction of soft tissue, use kernel H30s/H31s. • An automatic bone correction allows for improved head image quality, without any additional postpro- cessing. • In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose, scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso-center.
Page 180: Innerearhrvol
Head InnerEarHRVol Indications: Spiral mode for high resolution inner ear studies, e.g.malformations of the inner ear, inflammatory- changes, pathologies of the mastoid process, tumor- processes of the pyramids, posttraumatic changes,etc. Three recon jobs are predefined for reconstruction: the first for axial bone structure, the second and third for the double oblique for each side in 3D images display view.
Page 181 Head Emotion 6 Inner recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 0.5 mm Slice collimation 0.5 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Feed/Rotation 2.6 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 2.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Kernel...
Page 182 Head Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec. Flow rate 2 ml/sec. Volume 50-60 ml Hints • For image reconstruction of soft tissue, use kernel H30s/H31s. • An automatic bone correction allows for improved head image quality, without any additional postpro- cessing.
Page 183 Head...
Page 184: Innerear
Spiral mode for inner ear studies, e.g. inflammatory changes, tumorous processes of pyramids, cerebel- lopontine angle tumors, post-traumatic changes, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 4 cm will be covered in 7.21 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 185 Head Emotion 16 InnerEar reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 0.75 mm Feed/Rotation 7.7 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 2.0 mm 0.5 mm Kernel H90s H90s...
Page 186 Head Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec. Flow rate 2 ml/sec. Total amount 50 ml Hints • For image reconstruction of soft tissue, use kernel H30s/H31s. • An automatic bone correction allows for improved head image quality, without any additional postpro- cessing.
Page 187 Head...
Page 188: Innerearseq
Sequence mode for inner ear studies, e.g. inflamma- tory changes, tumorous processes of pyramids, cere- bellopontine angle tumors, post-traumatic changes, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 8.6 mm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 4.7 mm.
Page 189 Head Emotion 16 InnerEarSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 12 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 0.6 mm Feed/Scan 7.2 mm Kernel H90s CTDI 42.00 mGy Effective dose Male: 1.51 mSv Female: 1.62 mSv Emotion 6 InnerEarSeq Effective mAs/...
Page 190 Head Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 60 sec. Flow rate 2 ml/sec. Total amount 60 ml Hints • For image reconstruction of soft tissue, use kernel H30s/H31s. • An automatic bone correction allows for improved head image quality, without any additional postpro- cessing.
Page 191 Head...
Page 192: Sinus
Spiral mode for paranasal sinuses studies, e.g. sinusi- tis, mucocele, pneumatization, polyposis, tumor, cor- rections etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 80 mm will be covered in 12.42 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 80 mm will be covered in 17.69 sec.
Page 193 Head Emotion 16 Sinus recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ Rotation Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment Kernel H70s H30s H70s H30s CTDI 9.31 Effective Male: 0.32 dose Female: 0.36...
Page 194 Head Emotion 6 Sinus recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation Slice width 1.25 1.25 Feed/ Rotation Pitch 0.85 Factor Increment Kernel H70s H30s H70s H30s CTDI 9.63 Effective Male: 0.20 dose Female: 0.25 Contrast medium IV injection...
Page 195 Head...
Page 196: Sinusvol
3D images display view and the third for the coronal bone structure in 3D images dis- play view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 80 mm will be covered in 12.42 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 80 mm will be covered in 17.69 sec.
Page 197 Head Emotion 6 Sinus recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation 5.1 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 5.0 mm 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Kernel...
Page 198: Orbit
Orbit Indications: Spiral mode for orbital studies, e.g. fracture. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 50 mm will be covered in 8.51 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 50 mm will be covered in 11.80 sec.
Page 199 Head Emotion 6 Orbit reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.25 mm Feed/Rotation 5.1 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 5.0 mm 0.5 mm Kernel H70s H70s...
Page 200: Dental
It enables the display and measurement of the bone structures of the upper and lower jaw as the basis for planning in oral surgery. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 50 mm will be covered in 8.51 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 201 Head Emotion 16 Dental Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 0.75 mm Feed/Rotation 7.7 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 0.5 mm Kernel H70s CTDI 11.97 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.25 mSv Female: 0.26 mSv...
Page 202 Head Emotion 6 Dental Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 1.25 mm Feed/Rotation 5.1 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 0.6 mm Kernel H70s CTDI 12.38 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.19 mSv Female: 0.23 mSv...
Page 203 Head Hint • An automatic bone correction allows for improved head image quality, without any additional postpro- cessing. • In order to optimize image quality versus radiation dose, scans are provided within a maximum scan field of 300 mm with respect to the iso-center. No recon job with a field of view exceeding those limits will be possible.
Page 204: Neck
Neck Overview In this chapter you will find all scan protocols relating to the Neck region, their descriptions, individual indi- cations, and important hints on using them. You can use the following scan protocols to clarify, for example, tumors, lymphoma, and abscesses.
Page 205 Neck For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – NeckRoutine Spiral mode for soft tissue routine neck studies – NeckVol Spiral mode for axial, coronal and sagittal neck stud- For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – NeckRoutine Spiral mode for soft tissue routine neck studies –...
Page 206: General Hints
Neck General Hints • Topogram: Lateral, 256 mm or AP 512 mm. • Patient positioning Patient lying in supine position, hyperextend neck slightly, secure head well in head holder. • Patient respiratory instruction: do not breathe, do not swallow. • For contrast studies, CARE Bolus (optional) may be used to optimize the bolus timing.
Page 207: Body Kernels
Neck Body Kernels • As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended; softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s (extremely soft). The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s, respectively, B40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 208: Scan Protocols
Indications: Spiral mode for soft tissue studies in the cervical region, e.g. tumors, lymphoma, abscesses etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 28.04 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 17.29 sec.
Page 209 Neck Emotion 16 NeckRoutine reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 7.7 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 5.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B50s B50s...
Page 210 Neck Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec. Flow rate 2.0 ml/sec. Total amount 120 ml Hints • Due to its iodine content, the thyroid gland is hyper- dense in relation to the neighboring muscles both before and after an IV CM injection. For displays of the parotid or thyroid gland or the floor of the mouth, the slice thickness should be <...
Page 211 Neck...
Page 212: Neckthinslice
Neck NeckThinSlice Indications: Spiral mode using thin slices for soft tissue studies, e.g. the functional study of the throat. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 32.97 sec. Emotion 6 NeckThinSlice reconstr.
Page 213 Neck Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec. Flow rate 2.0 ml/sec. Total amount 120 ml Hints • Due to its iodine content, the thyroid gland is hyper- dense in relation to the neighboring muscles both before and after an IV CM injection. For displays of the parotid or thyroid gland or the floor of the mouth, the slice thickness should be <...
Page 214: Neckvol
Three recon jobs are predefined for reconstruction: the first for axial, the second for coronal and third for sagg- ittal studies in 3D images display. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 28.04 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 32.97 sec.
Page 215 Neck Emotion 6 Neck recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 5.1 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 5.0 mm 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel...
Page 216 Neck Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 45 sec. Flow rate 2.0 ml/sec. Total amount 120 ml Hints • Due to its iodine content, the thyroid gland is hyper- dense in relation to the neighboring muscles both before and after an IV CM injection. For displays of the parotid or thyroid gland or the floor of the mouth, the slice thickness should be <...
Page 217 Neck...
Page 218: Shoulder
You can use the following scan protocols to clarify, for example, masses, trauma, dislocations, and orthope- dic indications. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – Shoulder Spiral mode for bone shoulder routine studies – ShoulderVol...
Page 219: General Hints
Shoulder General Hints • Topogram: AP, 256 mm. • Patient positioning: Patient lying in supine position, the uninjured arm placed above the head, the injured arm placed flat against his body. If only one side is under investiga- tion, position this side in the center and support the other side with a Bocollo pillow (optional).
Page 220: Scan Protocols
Spiral mode for bone studies and soft tissue, e.g. evaluation of joint cavities, masses, trauma, disloca- tions, orthopedic indications etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 15 cm will be covered in 26.44 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 221 Shoulder Emotion 16 Shoulder recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.5 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 9.6 mm Pitch Factor Increment 5.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B60s B60s CTDI...
Page 222 Shoulder Hints • Use raw data to review a target region if necessary. • For image reconstruction of soft tissue use kernel B31s and a slice width of 5.0 mm. • Coronal and sagittal 2D planar reconstructions are important for evaluation of the joint space & bursa sacs in CT arthograms.
Page 223 Shoulder...
Page 224: Shouldervol
3D images dis- play view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 15 cm will be covered in 26.44 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range of 15 cm will be covered in 40.50 sec.
Page 225 Shoulder Emotion 6 Shoulder recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.5 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 6.0 mm Pitch Factor Increment 5.0 mm 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel...
Page 226: Thorax
Thorax Overview In this chapter you will find all scan protocols relating to the Thorax region, their descriptions, individual indications, and important hints on using them. You can use the following scan protocols to clarify, for example, tumors, metastases, lymphoma, lymph nodes, vascular anomalies, and interstitial changes in the lungs.
Page 227 Thorax For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – ThoraxRoutine Spiral mode for routine thorax studies – ThoraxCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice lung and routine thorax studies – ThoraxVol Spiral mode for axial, coronal soft tissue and coronal lung studies –...
Page 228 Thorax For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – ThoraxRoutine/ThoraxRoutine06s Spiral mode for routine thorax studies – ThoraxCombi/ThoraxCombi06s Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice lung and routine thorax studies – ThoraxVol Spiral mode for axial, coronal soft tissue and coronal lung studies –...
Page 229: General Hints
Thorax General Hints • Topogram: AP, 512 mm. • Patient positioning: Patient lying in supine position, arms positioned comfortably above the head in the head-arm rest, lower legs supported. • Contrast medium administration: in general, IV injections are employed in all mediastinal examina- tions, but not in routine High Resolution studies of diffused, interstitial lung diseases.
Page 230 Thorax • Lung images should be documented in both soft tis- sue window and lung window. • It is also possible to interleave the soft tissue & lung setting images in one film sheet. This can be set up in the configuration for filming. •...
Page 231: Body Kernels
Thorax Body Kernels • As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended; softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s (extremely soft). The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s, respectively, B40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 232: Thoraxroutine Thoraxroutine06S
Routine spiral studies for the region of thorax, e.g. examination of tumors, metastases, lymphoma, lymph nodes, vascular anomalies etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 12.92 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 233 Thorax Emotion 16 ThorRoutine recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 15.40 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel B41s B70s...
Page 234 Thorax Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 – 30 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 80 ml Hint • For lung cancer evaluation, this protocol can be com- bined with protocol NeckRoutine.
Page 235: Thoraxcombi
Combining thin slice lung and routine thorax studies with one spiral scan. E.g. thorax studies in general and interstitial changes in the lungs. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13.70 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 236 Thorax Emotion 16 Thor Combi recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ 14.4 Rotation Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDI 8.75 Effective Male: 4.51 dose Female: 5.78...
Page 237 Thorax Emotion 6 Thor Combi recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation 0.8/0.6 sec. time Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation Slice width 1.25 1.25 Feed/ 10.8/9.0 Rotation Pitch 1.80/1.50 Factor Increment Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDI 8.89 Effective Male: 4.52/4.46...
Page 238 Thorax Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 80 ml Hints • In addition to the mediastinum and the lungs, it may be necessary to evaluate the axillary fatty tissue and the bilateral mammary glands. A third reconstruc- tion can be set up with a wider FoV in the Recon task card.
Page 239 Thorax...
Page 240: Thoraxvol
3D images display view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13.70 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 241 Thorax Emotion 16 Thor Combi recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ 14.4 Rotation Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment Kernel B41s B70s B41s B70s CTDI 8.75 Effective Male: 4.51 dose Female: 5.78...
Page 242 Thorax Emotion 6 Thor Combi recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ 10.8 Rotation Pitch 1.80 Factor Increment Kernel B41s B70s B41s B70s CTDI 8.89 Effective Male: 4.52 dose Female: 5.85 For the 3...
Page 243 Thorax Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 80 ml Hint • In addition to the mediastinum and the lungs, it may be necessary to evaluate the axillary fatty tissue and the bilateral mammary glands. A third reconstruc- tion can be set up with a wider FoV in the Recon task card.
Page 244: Thoraxfast
ThoraxFast06s Indications: Fast spiral mode for lung studies, e.g. when a patient has difficulty with breathhold. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A complete thorax scan in a range of 30 cm will be cov- ered in 7.87 sec. with ThoraxFast.
Page 245 Thorax Emotion 6 ThorFast recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 3.0 mm Slice collimation 3.0 mm Slice width 6.0 mm 6.0 mm Feed/Rotation 27.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 6.0 mm 6.0 mm Kernel B41s B70s...
Page 246: Thoraxhr
ThoraxHR Indications: Spiral mode for high resolution studies, e.g. interstitial changes in the lungs. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm for the complete thorax will be cov- ered in 13.70 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm for the complete thorax will be cov- ered in 28.27 sec.
Page 247 Thorax Emotion 16 ThorHR 2 recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ 14.4 Rotation Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment Kernel B90s B41s B70s B41s CTDI 12.50 Effective Male: 6.56 dose Female: 8.29...
Page 248 Thorax Emotion 6 ThorHR 2 recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ Rotation Pitch 1.50 Factor Increment Kernel B90s B41s B70s B41s CTDI 12.70 Effective Male: 6.23 dose Female: 8.10 Hints...
Page 249 Thorax...
Page 250: Thoraxhrseq
Sequence mode for high-resolution lung studies, for example, interstitial changes in the lungs using a feed of 10 mm. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 30.1 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 30.0 cm.
Page 251 Thorax Emotion 6 ThorHRSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 1 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 1.0 mm Feed/Scan 10.0 mm Kernel B90s CTDI 1.01 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.49 mSv Female: 0.63 mSv Hints •...
Page 252: Thoraxecghrseq
Indications: Sequence mode for High Resolution, ECG triggered lung studies, e.g. interstitial changes in the lungs. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 19.1 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 12.0 cm.
Page 253 Thorax Emotion 6 ThoraxECGHR Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 1 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 1.0 mm Feed/Scan 10.0 mm Kernel B90s CTDI 0.71 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.21 mSv Female: 0.29 mSv Hints •...
Page 254: Lunglowdose
Indications: Spiral lung studies with low dose setting, e.g. early visualization of pulmonary nodules. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical thorax study in a range of 30 cm will be cov- ered in 19.95 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical thorax study in a range of 30 cm will be cov- ered in 18.85 sec.
Page 255 Thorax Emotion Lung recon. recon. recon. Dose Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ Rotation Pitch 1.00 Factor Increment Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDI 1.28 Effective Male: 0.68 dose Female: 0.86...
Page 256 Thorax Emotion 6 LungLowDose recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 12.0/10.2 mm Pitch Factor 1.00/0.85 Increment 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel B70s B30s...
Page 257 Thorax Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 30 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 50 – 70 ml Hints • For lung cancer evaluation, this protocol can be com- bined with protocol “Neck Routine”. • Low dose lung images are usually evaluated using lung window setting.
Page 258: Lungcare/ Lungcare06S
Spiral lung study with low dose setting for early visual- ization of pathologies, used for the application Lung- CARE. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical thorax study in a range of 30 cm will be cov- ered in 13.70 sec.
Page 259 Thorax Emotion 16 Lung CARE recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ 14.4 Rotation Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDI 1.20 Effective Male: 0.64 dose Female: 0.81...
Page 260 Thorax Emotion 6 Lung CARE recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation 0.8/0.6 sec. time Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation Slice width 1.25 1.25 Feed/ 10.8 Rotation Pitch 1.80 Factor Increment Kernel B41s B90s B41s B70s CTDI 1.25 Effective Male: 0.63...
Page 261 Thorax Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 30 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 50 – 70 ml Hints • For lung cancer evaluation, this protocol can be com- bined with protocol Neck Routine or you can use the protocol NeckThorax.
Page 262: Abdomen
Abdomen region, their descriptions, individual indications, and important hints on using them. You can use the following scan protocols to clarify, for example, liver, pancreas, and kidney abnormalities For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – AbdomenRoutine Spiral mode for routine abdominal studies – AbdomenCombi...
Page 263 – AbdSeq Sequential mode for abdominal studies – Colonography Spiral mode used for the application syngo Colonography For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – AbdomenRoutine/AbdomenRoutine06s Spiral mode for routine abdominal studies – AbdomenCombi/AbdomenCombi06s Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine abdominal studies –...
Page 264: General Hints
Abdomen General Hints • Topogram: AP, 512. • Patient positioning: Patient lying in supine position, arms positioned comfortably above the head in the head-arm rest, lower legs supported. • Patient respiratory instruction: inspiration. • Oral administration of contrast medium: For abdominal studies, it is necessary to delineate the bowel from other structures such as lymph nodes, abdominal masses &...
Page 265: Body Kernels
Abdomen – In general, for abdominal studies such as liver, gall bladder (query stones), pancreas, gastrointestinal studies, focal lesion of the kidneys and CTA studies, it is sufficient to use just water. Water is more effec- tive than positive oral contrast agent in depicting the linings of the stomach &...
Page 266: Abdomenroutine Abdomenroutine06S
Indications: Spiral mode for routine studies in the region of abdo- men, e.g. evaluation, follow-up examinations etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 20 cm will be covered in 9.01 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range of 20 cm will be covered in 12.96 sec.
Page 267 Abdomen Emotion 16 AbdRoutine Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 15.4 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 5.0 mm Kernel B41s CTDI 13.44 mGy Effective dose Male: 5.81 mSv Female: 7.15 mSv...
Page 268 Abdomen Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 50 – 60 sec. Flow rate 3.0 ml/sec. Total amount 100 ml Hints • You could repeat the same protocol simply by click- ing the chronicle with the right mouse button for “repeat“. E.g. when both non-contrast and contrast studies are required.
Page 269 Abdomen...
Page 270: Abdomencombi
Indications: Combination of thin slice and routine abdominal stud- ies with one spiral scan. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm for liver, pancreas or kidneys will be covered in 9.53 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm for liver, pancreas or kidneys will be covered in 14.53 sec.
Page 271 Abdomen Emotion 16 AbdCombi reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B41s B41s...
Page 272 Abdomen Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 50 – 65 sec. Flow rate 3.0 ml/sec. Total amount 100 ml Hints • You could repeat the same protocol simply by click- ing the chronicle with the right mouse button for “repeat“. E.g. when both non-contrast and contrast studies are required.
Page 273 Abdomen...
Page 274: Abdomenvol
3D images dis- play view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: The whole scan range of 20 cm will be covered in 9.53 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: The whole scan range of 20 cm will be covered in 19.38 sec.
Page 275 Abdomen Emotion 6 AbdCombi recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel B41s B30s CTDI 16.51 mGy...
Page 276 Abdomen Hints • You could repeat the same protocol simply by click- ing the chronicle with the right mouse button for “repeat“. E.g. when both non-contrast and contrast studies are required. • Delayed scans may be required for the kidneys & bladder.
Page 277 Abdomen...
Page 278: Abdomenfast
AbdomenFast/ AbdomenFast06s Indications: Fast spiral mode for abdominal studies, e.g. when a patient has difficulty with breathhold. For the SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm will be covered in 5.64 sec. with AbdomenFast06s. Emotion 6 AbdFast Effective mAs/ Quality ref.
Page 279 Abdomen Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 – 30 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 80 ml Hints • You could repeat the same protocol simply by click- ing the chronicle with the right mouse button for “repeat“. E.g. when both non-contrast and contrast studies are required.
Page 280: Abdmultiphase
AbdMultiPhase/ AbdMultiPhase06s Indications: Combination of three phase study including liver, pan- creas and kidney. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm including liver, pancreas and kidney: arterial phase acquired in 5.37 sec. Emotion 16 Non Contrast Effective mAs/ Quality ref.
Page 281 Abdomen A range of 20 cm including liver, pancreas and kidney: arterial phase acquired in 16.83 sec. Emotion 16 Arterial Phase recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.0 mm...
Page 282 Abdomen A range of 20 cm including liver, pancreas and kidney: arterial phase acquired in 9.01 sec. Emotion 16 Venous Phase Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 15.4 mm...
Page 283 Abdomen For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm including liver, pancreas and kidney: arterial phase acquired in 7.87 sec. Emotion 6 Non Contrast Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm...
Page 284 Abdomen A range of 20 cm including liver, pancreas and kidney: arterial phase acquired in 12.96 sec. Emotion 6 Arterial Phase recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 2.5 mm...
Page 285 Abdomen A range of 20 cm including liver, pancreas and kidney: arterial phase acquired in 12.96 sec. Emotion 6 Venous Phase Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 10.2 mm...
Page 286 Abdomen Hints • You could repeat the same protocol simply by click- ing the chronicle with the right mouse button for “repeat“. E.g. when both non-contrast and contrast studies are required. • Do not administer oral contrast medium, as this impairs the editing of MIP/SSD/VRT images.
Page 287 Abdomen...
Page 288: Abdomenseq
Indications: This protocol is created for measurement with sequen- tial mode in the region of the abdomen. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 19.5 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 30.8 cm.
Page 289 Abdomen Emotion 6 AbdSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 4.0 mm Feed/Scan 12.0 mm Kernel B41s CTDI 13.08 mGy Effective dose Male: 6.77 mSv Female: 11.34 mSv Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 50 –...
Page 290: Colonography
Colonography/ Colonography06s Spiral mode used for the application syngo Colonogra- phy. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A complete colon in a range of 40 cm will be covered in 17.87 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A complete colon in a range of 40 cm will be covered...
Page 291 Abdomen Emotion 16 Colo_supine Colo_prone Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec. 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm 0.6 mm Slice width 1.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50...
Page 292 Abdomen Emotion 6 Colo_supine Colo_prone Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8/0.6 sec. 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm 1.0 mm Slice width 1.25 mm 1.25 mm Feed/Rotation 10.8/9.0 mm 10.8/9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.80/1.50...
Page 293 Abdomen...
Page 294: Spine
You can use the following scan protocols to clarify, for example, prolapse, degenerative changes, trauma, and tumors. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – C-Spine Spiral mode for cervical spine studies – C-SpineVol Spiral mode for axial, sagittal soft tissue and sagittal bone studies for the cervical spine –...
Page 295 Sequential mode for lumbar and thoracic evaluation of the discs – Osteo Sequential mode used for the application syngo Osteo CT For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – C-Spine Spiral mode for cervical spine studies – C-SpineVol Spiral mode for axial, sagittal soft tissue and sagittal bone studies for the cervical spine –...
Page 296: General Hints
Spine General Hints • Topogram: Lateral, 512 mm for thoracic and lumbar spine and 256 mm for the C-spine. • Patient positioning for thoracic and lumbar spine studies: Patient lying in supine position, arms positioned comfortably above the head in the head-arm rest, lower legs supported.
Page 297: Body Kernels
Spine • To further optimize MPR image quality we recom- mend that you reduce one or more of the following: collimation, reconstruction increment, and slice width for image reconstruction. • With CAREDose 4D the mA values are adapted for each osteo range, according to the patient diameter. Therefore special obese protocols for the osteo eval- uation are not longer necessary.
Page 298: Scan Protocols
Indications: Spiral mode for cervical spine studies, e.g. prolapse, degenerative changes, trauma, tumors etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be covered in 21.53 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be covered in 31.41 sec.
Page 299 Spine Emotion 16 C-Spine recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice 0.6 mm collimation Slice width 2.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 7.7 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 2.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B31s B60s...
Page 300: C-Spinevol
3D images display view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be covered in 21.53 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be covered in 31.41 sec.
Page 301 Spine Emotion 6 C-Spine recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Feed/Rotation 5.1 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 2.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Kernel...
Page 302: Spineroutine
Indications: Spiral mode for thoracic and lumbar spine studies, e.g. prolapse, degenerative changes, trauma, tumors etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be covered in 26.04 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be covered in 27.00 sec.
Page 303 Spine Emotion 6 Spine Routine recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 2.5 mm 2.5 mm Feed/Rotation 6.0 mm Pitch Factor 0.50 Increment 3.0 mm 1.5 mm 1.5 mm...
Page 304: Spinethinslice
SpineThinSlice Indications: Spiral mode for thin slice thoracic and lumbar spine studies, e.g. prolapse, degenerative changes, trauma, tumors etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 10 cm will be covered in 32.30 sec. Emotion 6 Spine ThinSlice recon.
Page 305: Spinevol
3D images display view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be covered in 26.04 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 10 cm will be covered in 32.30 sec.
Page 306 Spine Emotion 6 Spine recon. 3 recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Feed/Rotation 3.3 mm Pitch Factor 0.55 Increment 3.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm...
Page 307 Spine...
Page 308: Spineseq
This protocol contains three ranges: L3-L4, L4-L5, L5- Three different typical gantry tilts are predefined: for L3-L4: 0°, for L4-L5: +5° and for L5-S1: +15° For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 79 mm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 309 Spine Emotion 16 L3-4 L4-5 L5-S1 Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation time 1.5 sec. 1.5 sec. 1.5 sec. Acquisition 12 x 12 x 12 x 0.6 mm 0.6 mm 0.6 mm Slice 0.6 mm 0.6 mm 0.6 mm collimation Slice width 2.4 mm 2.4 mm 2.4 mm...
Page 310 Spine Emotion 6 L3-4 L4-5 L5-S1 Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation time 1.5 sec. 1.5 sec. 1.5 sec. Acquisition 1.0 mm 1.0 mm 1.0 mm Slice 1.0 mm 1.0 mm 1.0 mm collimation Slice width 2.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Feed/Scan 6.0 mm 6.0 mm...
Page 311 Spine...
Page 312: Osteo
Spine Osteo This is the scan protocol for the syngo Osteo CT appli- cation package to assist the physician with the quanti- tative assessment of vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) in the diagnosis and follow-up of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Emotion 16 Osteo Effective mAs/ Quality ref.
Page 313 Spine • With CAREDose 4D the mA values are adapted for each osteo range, according to the patient diameter. Therefore special obese protocols for the osteo eval- uation are not longer necessary. Load all ranges in the application syngo Osteo CT. For further information, please refer to the Application Guide “Clinical Applications“.
Page 314: Pelvis
You can use the following scan protocols to clarify, for example, abnormalities of the prostate, urinary blad- der, rectum, joint cavity, masses, and trauma. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – Pelvis Spiral mode for routine soft tissue pelvis studies – PelvisVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal pelvis studies –...
Page 315 Pelvis For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – Pelvis Spiral mode for routine soft tissue pelvis studies – PelvisVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal pelvis studies – Hip Spiral mode for routine hip studies – HipVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal hip studies –...
Page 316: General Hints
Pelvis General Hints • Topogram: AP, 512 mm for pelvis studies and 256 mm for studies of the hip and SI Joints. • Patient positioning: Patient lying in supine position, arms positioned comfortably above the head in the head-arm rest, lower legs supported.
Page 317: Body Kernels
Pelvis Body Kernels • As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended; softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s (extremely soft). The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s, respectively, B40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 318: Scan Protocols
Spiral mode for routine pelvis studies, e.g. processes of the prostate, urinary bladder, rectum, gynecological indications etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 8.94 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 13.11 sec.
Page 319 Pelvis Emotion 16 Pelvis Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 28.8 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm Kernel B41s CTDI 13.44 mGy Effective dose Male: 5.32 mSv Female: 9.14 mSv...
Page 320 Pelvis Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 50 sec.* Flow rate 2.0 – 3.0 ml/sec. Total amount 100 – 120 ml * If the examination performed requires a full urinary bladder, wait at least 3 minutes following IV adminis- tration of the contrast medium.
Page 321 Pelvis...
Page 322: Pelvisvol
Two recon jobs are predefined for reconstruction: the first for axial, the second for coronal studies in 3D images display view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 8.94 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 20 cm will be covered in 13.11 sec.
Page 323 Pelvis Emotion 6 Pelvis reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 18.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel B41s B41s...
Page 324: Hip
Hip. E.g. evaluation of joint cavity, masses, trauma, dysplasia, necrosis of the head of the hip, congruence evaluations, orthopedic indications etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 10 cm will be covered in 8.94 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 325 Pelvis Emotion 16 reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B70s B70s CTDI...
Page 326 Pelvis Hints • In case of 3D study only, images should be recon- structed with at least 50% overlapping and kernel B10. • If only one side is examined, it is advisable to enter the side in the comment line on the Routine card.
Page 327 Pelvis...
Page 328: Hipvol
Two recon jobs are predefined for reconstruction: the first for axial, the second for coronal studies in 3D images display view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 10 cm will be covered in 8.94 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 10 cm will be covered in 13.11 sec.
Page 329 Pelvis Emotion 6 reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel B70s B60s CTDI...
Page 330: Si_Joints
For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 8 cm will be covered in 7.56 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 8 cm will be covered in 10.89 sec.
Page 331 Pelvis Emotion 16 SI_Joints reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 3.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B70s B70s...
Page 332: Upper Extremities
Upper Extremities Overview In this chapter you will find the scan protocol relating to the Upper Extremities region, its description, indi- vidual indications, and important hints on using it. You can use the following scan protocol to clarify, for example, trauma, masses, disorders of the joint, and orthopedic indications.
Page 333 Upper Extremities For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – WristHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution wrist studies – ExtrRoutineHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution extremity studies – ExtrCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and routine studies For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: –...
Page 334: General Hints
Upper Extremities General Hints • Topogram: AP, 256 mm for joint studies. • Patient positioning: Depends on the region of examination. In general, for bilateral studies, you should always try to position the patient evenly whenever the patient can comply. For wrists and elbow scans: Patient lying in prone position, hands stretched above the head and lying flat on a Bocollo pillow...
Page 335: Body Kernels
Upper Extremities Body Kernels • As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended; softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s (extremely soft). The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s, respectively, B40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 336: Scan Protocols
Indications: Spiral mode for resolution bone study of thewrist, for example, trauma, orthopedic indications etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 6 cm will be done in 35.33 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 6 cm will be done in 25.53 sec.
Page 337 Upper Extremities Emotion 16 WristHR reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 4 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 0.6 mm Feed/Rotation 1.8 mm Pitch Factor 0.75 Increment 2.0 mm 0.4 mm Kernel U90s U90s...
Page 338 Upper Extremities Hints • For image reconstruction of soft tissue, use kernel B30s/B31s.
Page 339 Upper Extremities...
Page 340: Extrroutinehr
Indications: Spiral mode for high-resolution bone study, for exam- ple, trauma, orthopedic indications etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 10 cm will be done in 57.56 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 10 cm will be done in 41.22 sec.
Page 341 Upper Extremities Emotion 16 ExtrHR reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 4 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 0.6 mm Feed/Rotation 1.8 mm Pitch Factor 0.75 Increment 2.0 mm 0.4 mm Kernel U90s U90s...
Page 342 Upper Extremities Hint • For image reconstruction of soft tissue, use kernel B30s/B31s.
Page 343 Upper Extremities...
Page 344: Extrcombi
Spiral mode for the combination of bone and soft tis- sue studies, e.g. masses, trauma, disorders of the joint etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be done in 12.42 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 10 cm will be done in 13.11 sec.
Page 345 Upper Extremities Emotion 6 ExtrCombi reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 4.0 mm 1.25 mm Feed/Rotation 9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 4.0 mm 0.8 mm Kernel B41s B70s...
Page 346: Lower Extremities
You can use the following scan protocol to clarify, for example, masses, disorders of the joint, and orthope- dic indications. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – Knee Spiral mode for routine joint studies – Foot Spiral mode for routine foot studies –...
Page 347 Lower Extremities For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – Knee Spiral mode for routine joint studies – Foot Spiral mode for routine wrist studies – ExtrRoutineHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution extremity studies – ExtrCombi Spiral mode for the combination of thin slice and...
Page 348: General Hints
Lower Extremities General Hints • Topogram: AP, 256 mm for joint studies. • Patient positioning: Depends on the region of examination. In general, for bilateral studies, you should always try to posi- tion the patient evenly whenever the patient can comply.
Page 349: Body Kernels
Lower Extremities Body Kernels • As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended; softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s (extremely soft). The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s, respectively, B40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 350: Scan Protocols
Indications: Spiral mode for knee bone study, e.g. trauma, orthope- dic indications etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be done in 21.53 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be done in 31.41 sec.
Page 351 Lower Extremities Emotion 16 Knee reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 7.7 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 3.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel U90s U90s...
Page 352: Foot
Indications: Spiral mode for foot bone study, e.g. trauma, orthope- dic indications etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be done in 21.53 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be done in 31.41 sec.
Page 353 Lower Extremities Emotion 16 Foot reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 7.7 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 3.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel U90s U90s...
Page 354: Extrroutinehr
Indications: Spiral mode for high resolution bone study, e.g. trauma, orthopedic indications etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 10 cm will be done in 57.56 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 10 cm will be done in 41.22 sec.
Page 355 Lower Extremities Emotion 16 ExtrHR reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs* Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 4 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 0.6 mm Feed/Rotation 1.8 mm Pitch Factor 0.75 Increment 2.0 mm 0.4 mm Kernel U90s U90s...
Page 356 Lower Extremities Emotion 6 ExtrHR reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs* Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 0.5 mm Slice collimation 0.5 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 2.6 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 2.0 mm 0.6 mm Kernel U90s U90s...
Page 357 Lower Extremities...
Page 358: Extrcombi
Spiral mode for the combination of bone and soft tis- sue studies, e.g. masses, trauma, disorders of the joint etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be done in 12.42 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 10 cm will be done in 13.11 sec.
Page 359 Lower Extremities Emotion 6 ExtrCombi reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs* Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 4.0 mm 1.25 mm Feed/Rotation 9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 4.0 mm 0.8 mm Kernel B41s B70s...
Page 360: Vascular
Vascular Overview In this chapter you will find all scan protocols relating to the Vascular region, their descriptions, individual indications, and important hints on using them. You can use the following scan protocols to clarify, for example, vascular abnormalities, stenosis or occlu- sions, coarse plaques anomalies, aneurysm, and embolism.
Page 361 Vascular For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – HeadAngio Spiral mode for routine head CTAngio studies – HeadAngioVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal HeadCTAngio stud- – CarotidAngio Spiral mode for carotid CTAngio studies – CarotidAngioVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal carotid CTAngio studies –...
Page 362 Vascular For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – HeadAngio/HeadAngio06s Spiral mode for routine head CTAngio studies – HeadAngioVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal HeadCTAngio stud- – CarotidAngio/CarotidAngio06s Spiral mode for carotid CTAngio studies – CarotidAngioVol Spiral mode for axial and coronal carotid CTAngio studies –...
Page 363: General Hints
Vascular General Hints • Topogram: AP, 512/1024, LAT 256 • Patient positioning: Patient lying in supine position, arms positioned comfortably above the head in the head-arm rest, lower legs supported. • Patient respiratory instructions: inspiration. • Oral administration of contrast medium: The use of water will not obscure the blood vessels thus allowing CTA processing to be performed easily afterwards.
Page 364: Head Kernels
Vascular Head Kernels • For soft tissue head studies, the standard kernel is H40s; softer images are obtained with H30s or H20s, H10s, sharper images with H50s. The kernels H21s, H31s, H41s yield the same visual sharpness as H20s, H30s, H40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 365: Body Kernels
Vascular Body Kernels • As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended; softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s (extremely soft). The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s, respectively, B40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 366: Scan Protocols
Spiral mode for cerebral CT Angio studies, e.g. cerebral vascular abnormalities, tumors and follow up studies etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 80 mm will be covered in 7.45 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 80 mm will be covered in 10.61 sec.
Page 367 Vascular Emotion 16 HeadAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 7.7 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 3.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel H31s H20s...
Page 368 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 18 sec. Flow rate 3.5 ml/sec. Total amount 75 ml Hint • Use of CARE Bolus with monitoring scans positioned at the level of the basilar artery or carotid artery. Set the trigger threshold at 120 HU, or use manual trig- gering.
Page 369 Vascular...
Page 370: Headangiovol
The coronal view images will be reconstructed as MIP images. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 8.0 cm will be covered in 7.45 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 8.0 cm will be covered in 14.15 sec.
Page 371 Vascular Emotion 6 HeadAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 4.0 mm Feed/Rotation 5.1 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 3.0 mm 4.0 mm Kernel H31s H20s...
Page 372: Carotidangio06S
CT angiography of the carotid arteries, e.g. carotid stenosis or occlusion, coarse plaques abnormalities of the carotids or vertebral arteries, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm including the aorta arch will be cov- ered in 9.53 sec.
Page 373 Vascular Emotion 16 CarotidAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B30s B20s...
Page 374 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 15 sec. Flow rate 4 ml/sec. Total amount 90 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the aortic arch with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 375 Vascular...
Page 376: Carotidangiovol
3D images display view. The coronal view images will be reconstructed as MIP images. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm including the aorta arch will be cov- ered in 9.53 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 12 cm including the aorta arch will be cov- ered in 12.27 sec.
Page 377 Vascular Emotion 6 CarotidAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation 9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 3.0 mm Kernel B31s B20s...
Page 378 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 15 sec. Flow rate 4 ml/sec. Total amount 90 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the aortic arch with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 379 Vascular...
Page 380: Thorangioroutine06S
Spiral mode for thorax CT Angio studies, e.g. visualiza- tion of tumors, metastases, lymphoma, lymph nodes, vascular anomalies etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13.70 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 381 Vascular Emotion 16 ThorAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B31s B20s CTDI...
Page 382 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 10 – 25 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 80 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the aortic arch with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 383 Vascular...
Page 384: Thorangiovol
3D images display view. The oblique view images will be reconstructed as MIP images. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13.70 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 28.27 sec.
Page 385 Vascular Emotion 6 ThorAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation 9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 3.0 mm Kernel B31s B30s...
Page 386 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 10 – 25 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 80 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the aortic arch with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 387 Vascular...
Page 388: Thorangioecg06S
This is a spiral scanning protocol using a collimation of 1.2 mm and an ECG gating technique for thorax CTAn- gio studies. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 25 cm will be covered in 18.13 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6:...
Page 389 Vascular Emotion 16 ThorAngioECG reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.5 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 1.5 mm Feed/Rotation 7.3 mm Pitch Factor 0.38 Increment 3.0 mm 0.8 mm Kernel B31s B31s...
Page 390 Vascular Emotion 6 ThorAngioECG reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 2.5 mm Feed/Rotation 4.8 mm Pitch Factor 0.40 Increment 5.0 mm 1.5 mm Kernel B31s B31s...
Page 391 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 4 – 10 sec. Flow rate 2.5 ml/sec. Total amount 80 – 100 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the aortic arch with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 392: Thorangioecgseq
Vascular ThorAngioECGSeq Indications: Sequential, ECG triggered study for location and extent of aneurysms, dissection, and ruptures of the thoracic aorta with typical scan range of 29.9 cm. Emotion 6 ThorAngioECG Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm...
Page 393 Vascular...
Page 394: Embolism06S
Embolism06s Indications: Spiral mode for pulmonary embolism studies. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration A range of 30 cm will be covered in 13.70 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 28 cm will be covered in 19.87 sec.
Page 395 Vascular Emotion 16 Embolism reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 0.75 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 3.0 mm 0.5 mm Kernel B31s B20s...
Page 396 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 6 – 10 sec. Flow rate 4 ml/sec. Total amount 80 – 100 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the pulmonary trunk with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 397 Vascular...
Page 398: Bodyangioroutine06S
BodyAngioRoutine/ BodyAngioRoutine06s Indications: Spiral mode for abdominal CT Angio studies. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical study in a range of 40 cm will be covered in 17.87 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical study in a range of 20 cm will be covered in...
Page 399 Vascular Emotion 16 BodyAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B31s B20s...
Page 400 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 20 – 25 sec. Flow rate 3.0 – 3.5 ml/sec. Total amount 100 – 120 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the abdominal aorta with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 401 Vascular...
Page 402: Bodyangiovol
3D images display view. The coronal view images will be reconstructed as MIP images. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical study in a range of 40 cm will be covered in 17.87 sec.
Page 403 Vascular Emotion 6 BodyAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation 9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 3.0 mm Kernel B31s B30s...
Page 404 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 20 – 25 sec. Flow rate 3.0 – 3.5 ml/sec. Total amount 100 – 120 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the abdominal aorta with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 405 Vascular...
Page 406: Bodyangiofast06S
BodyAngioFast06s Indications: Spiral mode for longer coverage and larger vessels. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical study of the whole aorta including its bran- chiocephalic trunk and iliac arteries in a range of 30 cm will be covered in 9.77 sec.
Page 407 Vascular Emotion 6 BodyAngio reconstr. Fast Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 2.5 mm Feed/Rotation 21.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.75 Increment 5.0 mm 1.5 mm Kernel B31/B30s B31s...
Page 408 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 20 sec. Flow rate 3.5 ml/sec. Total amount 120 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the abdominal aorta with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 409 Vascular...
Page 410: Angiorunoff06S
AngioRunOff06s Indications: Spiral mode for CT Angio studies of the extremities. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 80 cm will be done in 17.87 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 80 cm will be done in 23.42 sec.
Page 411 Vascular Emotion 16 AngioRunOff reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 6.0 mm 1.5 mm Feed/Rotation 28.8 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 6.0 mm 1.0 mm Kernel B31s B31s...
Page 412 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 25 – 30 sec. Flow rate 3.0 – 3.5 ml/sec. Total amount 120 – 150 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus timing and with a triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 413 Vascular...
Page 414: Wholebodyangio
Vascular WholeBodyAngio Indications: For CT Angio spiral studies of the whole body. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 80 cm will be done in 17.87 sec. Emotion 16 WholeBody reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec.
Page 415 Vascular Contrast medium IV injection Start delay 10 – 20 sec. Flow rate 3.0 – 3.5 ml/sec. Total amount 120 – 150 ml Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize the bolus tim- ing. • Set the ROI for monitoring scan with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 416: Specials
In any trauma situation, time means life and the qual- ity of life for the survivor. To facilitate the examina- tions, five protocols are provided. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – Trauma This is a one-range mode for fast screening –...
Page 417 Specials For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – PolyTrauma/PolyTrauma06s This is a combined mode for the examination of mul- tiple ranges, for example, Head, Neck, Thorax, Abdo- men and Pelvis – HeadTrauma Spiral head protocol for trauma studies with a FoV of 500 and therefore lowered image quality –...
Page 418: Interventional Ct
Specials Interventional CT For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – Biopsy This is the multislice biopsy mode. With three times 4.8 mm, the images will be reconstructed and dis- played for each scan. – BiopsySingle This is a single multislice biopsy mode. One 10mm slice is aquired.
Page 419 Specials For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – Biopsy This is the multislice biopsy mode. With three times 6.0 mm, the images will be reconstructed and dis- played for each scan. – BiopsySingle This is a single multislice biopsy mode. One 10mm slice is aquired.
Page 420: Test Bolus
Specials Test Bolus For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – TestBolus This mode can be used to test the start delay of opti- mal enhancement after the contrast medium injec- tion. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – TestBolus This mode can be used to test the start delay of opti- mal enhancement after the contrast medium injec- tion.
Page 421 Specials...
Page 422: Trauma Protocols
Specials Trauma Protocols In any trauma situation, time means life and the qual- ity of life for the survivor. General Information • Check that the emergency drug trolley is well stocked and that all accessories such as in-room oxy- gen supply, respirator and resuscitation equipment that may be required during the examination are in working order.
Page 423 Specials...
Page 424: Trauma
Specials Trauma This is a one-range mode for fast screening for emer- gency studies. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 50 cm will be done in 11.62 s. Emotion 16 Trauma recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation Time 0.6 sec.
Page 425: Traumavol
Three recon jobs are predefined for reconstruction: the first for axial, the second for coronal and the third sag- ittal studies in 3D images display view. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 50 cm will be done in 11.62 sec. Trauma recon.
Page 426: Polytrauma06S
Specials PolyTrauma/ PolyTrauma06s Two combined ranges are predefined, head with neck and thorax with abdomen. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 12/14 cm will be done in 13.36/9.68 sec. Emotion 16 Head Neck Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec.
Page 427 Specials Take a new Topogram for the thorax and abdomen range. A scan range of 20/40 cm will be done in 9.01/ 9.53 sec. Emotion 16 Thorax AbdPelvis Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. 0.6 sec Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation...
Page 428 Specials For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range of 12/14 cm will be done in 9.84/13.67 sec. Emotion 6 Head Neck Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. 1.0 sec Acquisition 6 x 3.0 mm 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 3.0 mm...
Page 429 Specials Take a new Topogram for the thorax and abdomen range. A scan range of 20/40 cm will be done in 9.04/ 10.09 sec. Emotion 6 Thorax AbdPelvis Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8/0.6 sec. 0.8/0.6 sec Acquisition 6 x 3.0 mm 6 x 3.0 mm Slice collimation...
Page 430: Headtrauma
HeadTrauma A spiral mode for emergency head studies with a max. FoV of 500 mm. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 12 cm will be covered in 20.05 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range of 12 cm will be covered in 30.27 sec.
Page 431 Specials Emotion 6 Head reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.5 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 6.0 mm 6.0 mm Feed/Rotation 6.6 mm Pitch Factor 0.55 Increment 6.0 mm 6.0 mm Kernel H31s H60s...
Page 432: Headtraumaseq
HeadTraumaSeq A sequence mode for emergency head studies with a max. FoV of 500 mm. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 12.5 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 12.0 cm.
Page 433 Specials Emotion 6 HeadSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.5 sec. Acquisition 6 x 3.0 mm Slice collimation 3.0 mm Slice width 6.0 mm 6.0 mm Feed/Scan 18.0 mm 18.0 mm Kernel H31s H60s CTDl 59.40 mGy Effective dose Male: 3.05 mSv Female: 3.17 mSv...
Page 434: Additional Important Information
Specials Additional Important Information • You can select which protocol is the emergency pro- tocol. • For long range scanning, please pay attention to the scannable range mark on the table mattress while positioning the patient. • In some cases, it might be advisable to position the patient feet first so that there will be more space for the intensive care equipment around.
Page 435 Specials...
Page 436: Interventional Ct - Biopsy
Specials Interventional CT - Biopsy To facilitate CT interventional procedures, we created dedicated multislice and single slice sequential modes. Any of these protocols can be appended to a spiral pro- tocol for CT interventional procedures, such as biopsy, abscess drainage, pain therapy, minimum invasive operations, joint studies, and arthrograms.
Page 437: Biopsy
Specials Biopsy With this routine protocol images will be reconstructed with three time 4.8/6.0 mm or one time 10 mm slice thickness. Emotion 16 Biopsy Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 12 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 4.8 mm...
Page 438: Biopsy Single
Specials Biopsy Single One 10 mm slice images will be reconstructed and dis- played for each scan. Emotion 16 Biopsy Single Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 2 x 5.0 mm Slice collimation 5.0 mm Slice width 10.0 mm Feed/Scan 0.0 mm...
Page 439: Interventional Ct - Care Vision
Specials Interventional CT - CARE Vision CARE Vision is a CT Fluoroscopic mode for interven- tions with 1 or 3 combined slices and up to 10 images per sec. displayed (depending on the hardware config- uration). The Basics Any of the predefined CARE Vision scan protocols can be appended to a spiral protocol for interventional pro- cedures, such as biopsies, abscess drainage, pain ther- apy, minimum invasive operations, joint studies, and...
Page 440: Carevision
Specials CAREVision With this routine protocol, the image will be recon- structed and displayed using three times 4.8/6.0 mm or one time 10 mm slice thickness and a kernel of B30 in the CARE View mode. Emotion 16 CAREVision Effective mAs/ Quality ref.
Page 441: Carevisionsingle
Specials CAREVisionSingle The images will be reconstructed and displayed with one time 10 mm slice thickness and a kernel of B30. Emotion 16 CAREVision Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 2 x 5.0 mm Slice collimation 5.0 mm Slice width 10.0 mm...
Page 442: Carevisionbone
Specials CAREVisionBone The images will be reconstructed and displayed in the CARE View mode with three times 4.8/6.0 mm or one time 10 mm slice thickness and a kernel of B50. Emotion 16 CAREVision Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec.
Page 443: Handcare
Specials HandCARE HandCARE is a dedicated algorithm for dose reduction during the interventional procedure. It switches off the x-ray exposure for a 100° angle between three different positions (10:00, 12:00 and 2:00 o’ clock). X-Ray off X-Ray on Thus provides a significant dose saving to the opera- tor’s hand, while keeping the image quality constant.
Page 444 Specials The HandCARE item list offers “None“ and three select- able protection areas. You can select this values inde- pendent of the current or a future patient position. The list elements are sorted clockwise from a view to the front of the gantry. Values: {“None“, “10:00 o’...
Page 445 Specials Application Procedure 1.Load and scan a spiral protocol of the interested body region. 2.Scroll through the images to define a target slice. 3.Click on Same TP under Table position, in the routine card. Move the table to the desired table position. 4.Turn on the light marker on the Gantry to localize the entry point, and then start patient preparation.
Page 446 Specials You can change the following Scan Parameters on the examination task card during radiation: •Gantry Tilt •Table position •Table movement type •Feed in/Feed out Hints • Press the footswitch either to position the needle or to control the needle position. •...
Page 447: Additional Important Information
Specials Additional Important Information Pause CARE Vision Scan Range If you pause the CARE Vision Scan Range the SlicePo- sition and TableHeight will be displayed in the Image Text. Reference Image Display To display a reference image during the examination procedure, the Viewing task card can be displayed on a second monitor.
Page 448 Specials Radiation exposure to patients • CARE Vision applies continuous exposure at moder- ate mA levels. • Due to the potentially long scan times and the lim- ited scan volume, the dose for certain slices may increase to levels significantly higher than those known from standard CT applications.
Page 449 (stray radia- tion). • Wear protective clothing to reduce exposure. • A table with measured data of this stray radiation is included in the chapter on Safety in your SOMATOM Operator Manual.
Page 450: General Information For Biopsy And Care
Specials General Information for Biopsy and CARE Vision Interventional Toolbar If you want to perform a CareVision or Biopsy Scan you can activate the new Interventional Tool Bar in the main menu under Imange - Intervention. The Interventional Toolbar will be displyed as soon as an Interventional Scan entry is being loaded.
Page 451 Specials • Interventional Window 1/2/3 With the special window toggle button you can apply three different window settings to your image, the default values are: Abdomen (300/40), Lung (1200/- 600) and Bone (1500/450). You can choose different window settings under Options>Configuration>Examination>Interven- tion, these settings correspond to the window values list.
Page 452 Specials • Screen layout In the interventional Toolbar for CARE Vision you can change the Layout of the Display. There are three dif- ferent modes available. – Blow up (one big image) – CARE View (three equal sized images) – CARE View Blow up (one big and two smaller images on each side) If you choose certain slice thicknesses and collimations in the Routine subtask card which are marked in bold...
Page 453: Careview
Specials CAREView The item CAREView indicates when a combined image is displayed. When the number of Slice Positions per scan is three, CARE View is activated and shown on the Routine subtask card. On the Recon subtask card you can select the CARE View image position, depending on the patient posi- tion, e.g.
Page 454 Specials CARE Vision and Biopsy layout for Single image display CARE Vision layout for CAREView large-size display...
Page 455 Specials CARE Vision and Biopsy layout for CAREView equal- size display Biopsy two segment...
Page 456: Configuration
The image storage rate is also configurable under Option>Configuration>Examination>Intervention depending on your system. You can choose between an image storage rate of 1,2,4 (5 images/sec. for SOMATOM Emotion 16/6-slice configuration ) and 1*3 images per second.
Page 457 Specials Example 3.5 second scan done. Then at least four images are saved depending on con- figuration: • Conf: 1ima/s – Central image - after 1st second – Central image - after 2nd second – Central image - after 3rd second –...
Page 458: Routine Subtask Card
Specials Routine Subtask card Move table/scanrange to displayed image position. The function Move Table/Scanrange to displayed image position in the Routine subtask card allows you to move the table to the position of the displayed tomo image in the selected segment. If you use the CARE View Mode you can use the Head of the Feet image for adjusting your table position as well.
Page 459: Additional Important Information
Specials Additional Important Information Independently from the Interventional Window but- tons on the Interventional Toolbar you can use for faster windowing the function keys F2, F3 and F4 are implemented with standard window settings for Abdo- men, Lung and Bone. Modifying them is possible under Options>...
Page 460: Testbolus Protocol
Specials TestBolus Protocol TestBolus This mode can be used to test the start delay of an opti- mal enhancement after the contrast medium injec- tion. Emotion 16 TestBolus Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 2 x 5.0 mm Slice collimation 5.0 mm Slice width...
Page 461 Specials...
Page 462: Radiation Therapy
Virtual Simulation in RTP much faster and more easily. The patient can leave the department after only a few minutes of CT scanning. The SOMATOM Emotion 16/6-slice configuaration table supports all kinds of patient positioning, immobilization and verification...
Page 463 Radiation Therapy COHERENCE Dosimetrist Remember the challenges of Radiation Therapy… • Precisely locate and delineate the tumor volume • Establish reliable external references on the patient surface...
Page 464 Radiation Therapy • Spare as much healthy tissue as possible • Precisely position the patient for treatment for the entire course of treatment (typically 25-35 fractions)
Page 465: Benefits
Radiation Therapy Benefits • No limitations for patient set-up within 85 cm gantry opening and the ability to scan at a low table posi- tion thereby maximizing gantry "freespace" • Complete anatomical visualization for optimized localization and dose calculation with extended 85 cm FOV 85 cm Display FoV...
Page 466 Radiation Therapy • High volume coverage in time (16 X2.0 mm in 0.6 s) minimizing motion artifacts and breath hold time SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice scanner 16-slice configuration RT edition Slice 1.5 mm Slice 2.5 mm Rot 0.6 s Pitch 1.5...
Page 467 Radiation Therapy • New long-range gantry laser lights with position adjustment possible without opening gantry covers for easier installation and synchronization with room RTP lasers • Integrated solution for Virtual Simulation with syngo based COHERENCE Dosimetrist or VSim on syngo MultiModality Workplace •...
Page 468: Workflow
Radiation Therapy Workflow Simulation: 1.Patient positioning on CT table (external lasers) 2.Patient marking (external lasers) 3.CT scan 4.Offline: Virtual Simulation and Dose Planning Treatment: 1.Patient positioning on the therapy table (external lasers) 2.Verification of irradiation area (light field projection) 3.Treatment The default scan protocols provide the first recon job used for soft tissue studies and the second recon job for bone structures.
Page 469 Radiation Therapy...
Page 470: Scan Protocols
Radiation Therapy Scan Protocols Overview You can use the following scan protocols for the Radia- tion Therapy Planning: For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: – RT_Head Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning head studies – RT_Thorax Spiral mode for routine fradiation therapy planning thoracic studies –...
Page 471 Radiation Therapy For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: – RT_Head Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning head studies – RT_Thorax Spiral mode for routine fradiation therapy planning thoracic studies – RT_Breast Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning studies of the breast –...
Page 472: Rt_Head
Indications: Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning head studies. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 12 cm will be covered in 20.05 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 12 cm will be covered in 30.27 sec.
Page 473 Radiation Therapy Emotion 6 Head recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.5 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation 6.6 mm Pitch Factor 0.55 Increment 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Kernel H31s H60s...
Page 474: Rt_Thorax
Indications: Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning tho- racic studies. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 12.92 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 25.13 sec.
Page 475 Radiation Therapy Emotion 6 Thorax recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 8.0 mm 8.0 mm Feed/Rotation 10.2 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 8.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel B41s B70s...
Page 476: Rt_Breast
Indications: Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning tho- racic studies of the mammae. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 12.92 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 30 cm will be covered in 25.13 sec.
Page 477 Radiation Therapy Emotion 6 Breast recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 8.0 mm 8.0 mm Feed/Rotation 10.2 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 8.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel B41s B70s...
Page 478: Rt_Abdomen
Indications: Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning abdominal studies. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm will be covered in 9.01 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm will be covered in 17.29 sec.
Page 479 Radiation Therapy Emotion 6 Abdomen recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 8.0 mm 8.0 mm Feed/Rotation 10.2 mm Pitch Factor 0.85 Increment 8.0 mm 8.0 mm Kernel B41s B60s...
Page 480: Rt_Pelvis
Indications: Spiral mode for routine radiation therapy planning pel- vis studies. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm will be covered in 8.94 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 20 cm will be covered in 13.11 sec.
Page 481 Radiation Therapy Emotion 16 Pelvis recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation 28.8 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Kernel B41s B60s...
Page 482: Additional Important Information
Radiation Therapy Additional Important Information HU values The HU values are of crucial importance for the therapy planning systems of radiation therapists! • With huge objects, the CT value is independent of the kernel. With smaller objects, edge effects pro- duced by the kernel influence the HU values as well as the scanning.
Page 483 Radiation Therapy...
Page 484: Respiratory Gating
Respiratory Gating When imaging of the chest or abdomen is performed by CT, there may be artifacts produced causing prob- lems with reproducibility and resolution of images due to patient respiration. Organs will move with every res- piratory motion. Especially in the radiation therapy planning using a lin- ear accelerator for tumor treatment, normal tissues around a focus might be unnecessarily exposed to radi- ation if the target is located in a movable organ,...
Page 485 (in [%]) of inspiration or expiration for reconstruction. A synthetic sync signal and a respiration curve editing functionality are available. Regarding an imaging device such as SOMATOM Emotion 6/16-slice configuration the respiratory gat- ing functionality offers an increase of image resolution...
Page 486: Key Features
Respiratory Gating Key Features Respiratory Gating • is capturing slow moving anatomical structures such as lung lesions during respiration up to a respiration cycle time of 10sec by low pitch spiral. • helps the radio-oncologists in selecting the appropri- ate phase of the respiratory cycle in order to plan a treatment more accurately.
Page 487: Respiration Synchronization
Respiratory Gating Respiration Synchronization • Synchronization of CT data acquisition with respira- tion: 4D CT - prospectively Respiratory Triggering or retrospectively Respiratory Gating. • Synchronization of 4D simulation data with respira- tion • Synchronized Treatment: triggered beaming on-off on Linac (Linear Accelerator).
Page 488: Positioning Of The Respiratory Sensor Belt
Respiratory Gating Positioning of the respiratory sensor belt The correct placement of the abdominal belt is essen- tial in order to receive a clear respiratory signal result- ing in precise generation of inspiration and expiration gates. Improper positioning of the respiratory belt will result in an unstable respiratory signal which is sensi- tive to movements of the patient during the scan and can cause image artifacts due to small metallic compo-...
Page 489 Respiratory Gating For proper belt positioning please follow the instruc- tions below: Step 1 Step 2 patient patient´s abdomen load cell fixing belt the dia- phragm load cell load cell setting point navel Wind the load cell fixing belt around the The blue part should apply to the back of the body so that the pocket (load cell part) patient.
Page 490: Scanning Information
Respiratory Gating Scanning Information The expected benefits in radiation treatment planning, e.g. for lung and abdominal tumors are: • Information about tumor motion in 3D coordinates and over time • More accurate tumor shape delineation and there- fore a more precise RTP (radiation therapy planning) •...
Page 491: Temporal Resolution
Respiratory Gating Temporal Resolution Temporal resolution, also called time resolution, repre- sents the time window of the data that is used for image reconstruction. It is essential for respiratory CT imaging. The higher the temporal resolution, the fewer the motion artifacts. A temporal resolution of a half of the Rotation Time can be achieved.
Page 492: Respiratory Gating
Respiratory Gating Respiratory gating The respiration of the patients is simultaneously recorded during the Spiral acquisition. Data are acquired during the entire respiration cycle and Images are reconstructed by matching data to the respiration trace. The respiration level (amplitude) is defined as an abso- lute value.
Page 493 Respiratory Gating The timebase of the respiratory curve is realtime in an updating mode. Images can be reconstructed at any user defined Inha- lation- or Exhalation level. 100% Inspiration Inhalation Phase Exhalation Phase 0% Expiration Example: – 20% Ex: Patient has exhaled to 80% –...
Page 494: Prospective Respiratory Triggering Versus Retrospective Respiratory Gating
Respiratory Gating Prospective respiratory triggering ver- sus retrospective respiratory gating With prospective respiratory triggering, the lung vol- ume for example is covered in a "step-and-shoot" tech- nique. The patient's respiratory signal is used to start sequential scans at a predefined respiratory level of the patient' s respiratory curve.
Page 495: Curve Editor
Respiratory Gating Curve Editor The respiration curve editor is used to modify the res- piratory signal. This editing tool is available after spiral scan data has been acquired. By using the right mouse menu on the Trigger tabcard you have access to several modification tools for the respiratory Syncs (purple dots above and below the curve), such as Delete, Dis- able, Insert.
Page 496 Respiratory Gating The recorded Respiration curve can be edited similar to the ECG Trace editing in Cardiac CT. Inspiration Syncs can be deleted, disabled and inserted. Expiration Syncs can be deleted, disabled and inserted.
Page 497: Synthetic Trigger/Sync
Respiratory Gating Synthetic Trigger/Sync By default, the "Synthetic Trigger" (Respiratory-trig- gered scanning) or "Synthetic Sync" (Respiratory-gated scanning) is activated for all predefined Respiratory scan protocols. It is recommended to always keep it activated for examinations with contrast medium. In case of Respiratory signal loss during the acquisi- tion, this will ensure the continuation of the triggered scans or allows a Respiratory signal to be simulated for retrospective gating.
Page 498: Workflow
Respiratory Gating Workflow Reconstruction and Post processing For respiratory gating a slice width of 3 mm and an increment of 1.9 mm is used for image acquisition. Two recon jobs are predefined: • 20% Inspiration • 80% Expiration If more Inspiration or Expiration phases are necessary new recon jobs can be added.
Page 499: Additional Important Information
Respiratory Gating Additional important Information • For operating the respiratory gating system (AZ- 733V, Anzai Medical, Japan), please refer to the Operational manual "Respiratory Gating" or Anzai User´s manual. • For the usage of Anzai´s respiratory phantom for the respiratory gating system (AZ-733V, Anzai medical, Japan), please refer to the User´s manual.
Page 500: Scan Protocol
Scan Protocol RespSeq Indications: A sequential mode for studies with respiration trigger- ing. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: The scan length is predefined with 30.5 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: The scan length is predefined with 30.3 cm. Emotion 16...
Page 501 Respiratory Gating Emotion 6 RespSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 3.0 mm Slice collimation 3.0 mm Slice width 3.0 mm Feed/Scan 18.0 mm Kernel B31s CTDI 1.63 mGy Effective dose Male: 1.29 mSv Female: 1.81 mSv...
Page 502: Resp
Indications: A spiral mode for patients with a respiration rate per minute greater than 10 using respiration gating. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 30 cm will be covered in 94.95 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range of 30 cm will be covered in 86.04 sec.
Page 503 Respiratory Gating Emotion 6 Resp reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation Pitch Factor 0.15 Increment 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDI...
Page 504: Respmodbreathrate
Indications: A spiral mode for patients with a respiration rate per minute greater than 7.5, using respiration gating. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 23 cm will be covered in 94.15 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range of 14 cm will be covered in 94.93 sec.
Page 505 Respiratory Gating Emotion 6 RespMode reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation Pitch Factor 0.10 0.10 Increment 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Kernel B31s B31s...
Page 506: Resplowbreathrate
Indications: A spiral mode for patients with a respiration rate per minute greater than 6.5, using respiration gating. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range of 18 cm will be covered in 87.23 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range of 11 cm will be covered in 93.67 sec.
Page 507 Respiratory Gating Emotion 6 RespLow reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 3.0 mm Feed/Rotation Pitch Factor 0.10 Increment 2.0 mm 2.0 mm Kernel B31s B31s CTDI...
Page 508: Children
80 kV or to reach a lower dose level than possible with 120 kV. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: • Head – HeadRoutine Spiral mode for routine head studies –...
Page 509 Children • Neck – NeckRoutine Spiral mode for soft tissues routine neck studies • Thorax – ThoraxRoutine Spiral mode for routine thorax studies – ThoraxHRSeq Sequential mode for high resolution lung studies • Abdomen – AbdomenRoutine Spiral mode for routine abdominal studies •...
Page 510 Children For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: • Head – HeadRoutine Spiral mode for routine head studies – HeadSeq Sequential mode for routine head studies – InnerEarHR Spiral mode for high resolution inner ear studies – InnerEar Spiral mode for inner ear studies –...
Page 511 Children • Abdomen – AbdomenRoutine/AbdomenRoutine06s Spiral mode for routine abdominal studies • Spine – SpineRoutine Spiral mode for routine spine studies – SpineThinSlice Spiral mode for thin slice spine studies • Upper Extremities/Low Extremities – ExtrRoutineHR Spiral mode for routine high resolution extremity studies –...
Page 512: General Hints
Children General Hints • Topograms: 256 mm lateral topograms are defined for the head modes, and 512 mm AP topograms are defined for the body modes. Please keep in mind that the children’s size can be dramatically different. You should press the "Hold Measurement" button whenever the range shown on the real-time growing topogram is long enough, in order to avoid unneces- sary radiation.
Page 513 Children • Oral and rectal contrast administration: Depending on the reason for the exam/status of the patient, oral contrast may or may not be given to these patients. In general, oral contrast is recommended to opacify the intestinal tract, as unopacified bowel can have the appearance of abdominal fluid or mass effect.
Page 514 Children Needle Size (gauge) Flow Rate (ml/sec.) 2.0 – 3.0 3.0 – 5.0 Central lines and ports may need to be hand injected or power injected at a very low flow rate (1 ml/sec.). PIC lines and 24 gauge (or smaller) lines are usually hand injected.
Page 515: Head Kernels
Children Head Kernels The endings “s” or “f” depend on the rotation time. • For head scans of small children, the kernels C20s, C30s (for example, for soft tissue studies) and C60s (for example, for sinuses are provided) should be chosen instead of the ”adult”...
Page 516: Body Kernels
Children Body Kernels The endings “s” or “f” depend on the rotation time. • As standard kernels for body tissue studies B30s or B40s are recommended; softer images are obtained with B20s or B10s (extremely soft). The kernels B31s or B41s have about the same visual sharpness as B30s, respectively, B40s, the image appearance, however, is more agreeable due to a ”fine-grained”...
Page 517 Children...
Page 518: Scan Protocols
Spiral mode for routine head studies, for example, tumors, hydrocephalus, hemorrhaging, abnormalities, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 12 cm covered in 20.05 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 8.5 cm covered in 56.13 sec.
Page 519 Children Emotion 16 Head Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.5 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 4.0 mm Feed/Rotation 10.6 mm Pitch Factor 0.55 Increment 4.0 mm Kernel C30s CTDI 36.80 mGy Effective dose Male: 2.83 mSv* Female: 2.89 mSv*...
Page 520 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children, who are older than age 6, should be scanned with an adult protocol as the skull by this time is fully grown.
Page 521 Children...
Page 522: Headseq
Sequential mode for routine head studies for children, for example, tumors, hydrocephalus, hemorrhaging, abnormalities, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 8.5 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 9.0 cm.
Page 523 Children Emotion 6 HeadSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.5 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 6.0 mm Feed/Scan 12.0 mm Kernel C30s CTDI 40.82 mGy Effective dose Male: 1.86 mSv* Female: 1.84 mSv* * The conversion factor for a 7-year-old child, and a scan range of 117 mm was used.
Page 524 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/ Access site Total amount 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight Hints • Children, who are older than age 6, should be scanned with an adult protocol as the skull by this time is fully grown.
Page 525 Children...
Page 526: Innerearhr
Note: Same as for adults except for the FoV of 300. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 4.0 cm covered in 24.22 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 4.0 cm covered in 17.69 sec.
Page 527 Children Emotion 16 InnerEar Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 4 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 0.6 mm Feed/Rotation 1.8 mm Pitch Factor 0.75 Increment 0.4 mm Kernel H90s CTDI 10.30 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.25 mSv* Female: 0.25 mSv*...
Page 528 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children, who are older than age 6, should be scanned with an adult protocol as the skull by this time is fully grown.
Page 529 Children...
Page 530: Innerear
Note: Same as for adults except for the FoV of 300. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 4.0 cm covered in 7.21 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 4.0 cm covered in 9.84 sec.
Page 531 Children Emotion 16 InnerEar Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 0.75 mm Feed/Rotation 7.7 mm Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment 0.5 mm Kernel H90s CTDI 8.90 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.27 mSv* Female: 0.28 mSv*...
Page 532 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children, who are older than age 6, should be scanned with an adult protocol as the skull by this time is fully grown.
Page 533 Children...
Page 534: Innerearseq
Inflammatory changes, tumorous pro-cesses of pyramids, cerebellopontine angle tumors, post- traumatic changes, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 4.3 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 8.3 cm.
Page 535 Children Emotion 6 InnerEarSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 1.0 mm Feed/Scan 6.0 mm Kernel H90s CTDI 16.56 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.41 mSv* Female: 0.42 mSv* * The conversion factor for a 7-year-old child, and a scan range of 40 mm was used.
Page 536 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children, who are older than age 6, should be scanned with an adult protocol as the skull by this time is fully grown.
Page 537 Children...
Page 538: Sinusorbit
Spiral mode for routine studies of the orbitae, for example, fracture. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 6 cm covered in 9.81 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 4 cm covered in 9.84 sec.
Page 539 Children Emotion 16 Sinus Orbi recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ Rotation Pitch Factor 0.80 Increment Kernel C60s C30s C60s C30s CTDI 8.90 Effective Male: 0.29 mSv* dose Female: 0.31...
Page 540 Children Emotion 6 Sinus Orbi recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation Slice width 1.25 1.25 Feed/ Rotation Pitch 0.85 Factor Increment Kernel C60s C30s C60s C30s CTDI 9.20 Effective Male: 0.04 mSv* dose...
Page 541 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children older than age 6 should be scanned with an adult protocol. •...
Page 542: Neckroutine
Spiral mode for routine neck studies, for example, tumors, lymphoma, abscesses, etc. NeckRoutine: For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 7.21 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 8.27 sec.
Page 543 Children Emotion 16 Neck reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 1.5 mm Feed/Rotation 28.8 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 1.0 mm Kernel B50s B50s...
Page 544 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • If necessary, scan down to the aortic arch or medi- astinum to include the entire lesion. •...
Page 545 Children...
Page 546: Thoraxroutine06S
Spiral mode for routine thorax studies,for example, pneumonia, tumors, metastases, lymphoma, vascular abnormalities etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 4.33 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 6.20 sec.
Page 547 Children Emotion 16 Thor Routine recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation sec. time Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation Slice width Feed/ 28.8 Rotation Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment Kernel B41s B60s B41s B60s CTDI 2.81 Effective Male: 1.21 mSv* dose Female: 1.49...
Page 548 Children Emotion 6 ThorRoutine reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 2.0 mm Slice collimation 2.0 mm Slice width 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 18.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm 5.0 mm Kernel B41s B60s...
Page 549 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol. •...
Page 550: Thoraxcombi06S
ThoraxCombi06s Indications: Combining thin slice and routine thorax studies with one spiral scan, for example, thorax studies in general and interstitial changes in the lungs. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 11.20 sec.
Page 551 Children Emotion 6 ThorC ombi recon. recon. recon. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. Rotation 0.8/0.6 sec. time Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation Slice width 1.25 1.25 Feed/ Rotation Pitch 1.50 Factor Increment Kernel B60s B41s B60s B41s CTDI 3.24 Effective Male: 2.82 mSv*...
Page 552 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol. •...
Page 553 Children...
Page 554: Thoraxhrseq
Sequence mode for high-resolution lung studies, for example, interstitial changes in the lungs, using a 10 mm feed. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 15.1 cm. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A scan range is predefined with 15.0 cm.
Page 555 Children Emotion 16 ThoraxHRSeq Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 4 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 1.2 mm Feed/Scan 10.0 mm Kernel B90s CTDI 0.81 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.31 mSv* Female: 0.39 mSv* Emotion 6 ThoraxHRSeq Effective mAs/...
Page 556 Children Hints • Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol. • If you want to acquire the patient at full inspiration or full expiration, you should practice breathing with the patient a few times before beginning the scan to improve reproductbility.
Page 557 Children...
Page 558: Abdomenroutine06S
Spiral mode for routine studies in the region of abdo- men and pelvis, for example, tumors, lymphoma, abscesses, post-traumatic changes, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 20.0 cm covered in 5.37 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 559 Children Emotion 16 AbdRoutine Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 28.8 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm Kernel B41s CTDI 4.32 mGy Effective dose Male: 2.78 mSv* Female: 3.38 mSv*...
Page 560 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Delayed scans may be required for the kidneys & bladder. • Rectal contrast may be required for evaluation of pel- vic mass.
Page 561 Children...
Page 562: Spineroutine
Spiral mode for spine studies, for example, post-trau- matic changes, tumors, malformations, orthopedic indication, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 26.04 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 16.71 sec.
Page 563 Children Emotion 16 Spine reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 6.2 mm Pitch Factor 0.65 Increment 2.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B41s B60s...
Page 564 Children Hints • Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol. • To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children < 25 kg 30 mAs 25-34 kg 55 mAs 35-54 kg 120 mAs...
Page 565 Children...
Page 566: Spinethinslice
Indications: Spiral mode for the spine when Multi Planar Reforma- tion (MPR) are intended, for example, post-traumatic changes, tumors, malformations, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 47.45 sec. Emotion 6 SpineThinSlice reconstr.
Page 567 Children Hints • Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol. • To work without CARE Dose 4D use for children < 25 kg 40 mAs 25-34 kg 70 mAs 35-54 kg 90 mAs...
Page 568: Extrroutinehr
Spiral mode for high-resolution bone studies, for example, tumors, post-traumatic changes, orthopedic indications, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 6 cm covered in 35.33 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 10 cm covered in 35.33 sec.
Page 569 Children Emotion 6 ExtrHR Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs** Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 6 x 0.5 mm Slice collimation 0.5 mm Slice width 0.6 mm Feed/Rotation 3.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.00 Increment 0.3 mm Kernel U90s CTDI 4.25 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.01 mSv* Female: 0.01 mSv*...
Page 570: Extrcombi
Spiral mode for the combination of bone and soft tis- sue studies, for example, masses, trauma, disorders of the joint etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 10 cm covered in 8.94 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 571 Children Emotion 16 ExtrCombi reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 1.0 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 3.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B41s B70s...
Page 572 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol. •...
Page 573 Children...
Page 574: Headangio06S
Indications: Spiral mode for head CT Angio studies, for example, cerebral vascular abnormalities, tumors etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 6 cm covered in 3.70 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 6 cm covered in 5.20 sec.
Page 575 Children Emotion 6 HeadAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.8/0.6 sec. Acquisition 6 x 1.0 mm Slice collimation 1.0 mm Slice width 2.0 mm 1.25 mm Feed/Rotation 9.0 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 2.0 mm 0.8 mm Kernel C30s C30s...
Page 576 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children older than age 6 should be examined with an adult protocol. •...
Page 577 Children...
Page 578: Carotidangio06S
Spiral mode for carotid CT Angio studies, for example, carotidstenosis or occlusion, vascular abnormalities of thecarotids or vertebral arteries, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 17 cm covered in 8.28 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration:...
Page 579 Children Emotion 16 CarotidAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 3.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B41s B31s...
Page 580 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children older than age 6 should be scanned with an adult protocol. •...
Page 581 Children...
Page 582: Bodyangioroutine06S
Indications: For abdominal CT Angio studies, for example, vascular abnormalities, aneurysms, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 20.0 cm covered in 9.53 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 15.0 cm covered in 11.20 sec.
Page 583 Children Emotion 16 BodyAngio reconstr. Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 0.6 mm Slice collimation 0.6 mm Slice width 3.0 mm 1.0 mm Feed/Rotation 14.4 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 3.0 mm 0.7 mm Kernel B41s B31s...
Page 584 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • Children with a body weight of more than 55 kg should be examined with an adult protocol. •...
Page 585 Children...
Page 586: Bodyangiofast06S
BodyAngioFast/ BodyAngioFast06s Indication: Spiral mode for fast abdominal CT Angio studies, for example, vascular abnormalities, aneurysms, ect. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A range of 15 cm will be covered in 11.20 sec. with BodyAngioFast06s Emotion 6 BodyAngioFast Effective mAs/ Quality ref.
Page 587: Neonatebody/Neonatebody06S
Indications: Spiral mode for neonate body studies, for example, tumors, abnormalities, malformations, abscesses, etc. For SOMATOM Emotion 16-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 4.33 sec. For SOMATOM Emotion 6-slice configuration: A typical range of 15 cm covered in 6.20 sec.
Page 588 Children Emotion 16 NeonateBody Effective mAs/ Quality ref. mAs Rotation time 0.6 sec. Acquisition 16 x 1.2 mm Slice collimation 1.2 mm Slice width 5.0 mm Feed/Rotation 28.8 mm Pitch Factor 1.50 Increment 5.0 mm Kernel B41s CTDI 1.02 mGy Effective dose Male: 0.96 mSv* Female: 1.07 mSv*...
Page 589 Children Contrast medium IV injection Start delay exam dependent Flow rate dependent upon needle size/Access site Total 1 – 2 ml per kg of body weight amount Hints • CARE Bolus may be used to optimize bolus timing. Set the ROI for monitoring scan in the abdominal aorta with triggering threshold of 120 HU, or use manual triggering.
Page 590 201318 Shanghai, P.R. China Telephone: +86 21 38895000 Authorized Representative according to the Medical Device Directive 93/42/ Siemens AG Medical Solutions Henkestr. 127 © 2002-2007, Siemens AG D-91052 Erlangen Order No. C2-025.630.16.01.21 Germany Printed in China Telephone: +49 9131 84-0 06/2007...

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