Craftsman 113.201892 Owner's Manual page 11

YOUR WELDER and what it will do..,
Your CRAFTSMAN Arc Welder is a sturdily constructed and thoroughly tested machine engineered to
give many years of efficient trouble-free service. It is listed by Underwriters' Laboratories,
incorporated, which means that it passesall requirements of safety, fire hazard and temperature rise
limits asspecified in their Standard for Transfer-Type Arc-Welding Equipment.
HOW THE CRAFTSMAN ELECTRODE
SIMPLIFIES WELDING
Craftsman Contact Electrode is self-starting-plus automatic
restarting... The electrode starts on contact.
Craftsman Contact Electrode is self-cleaning ... Under normal
conditions the slag removes itself asthe weld cools. Spatter is almost
non-existent. Craftsman Contact Electrode has an exceptionally
good appearance .., With fine ripple, unusually clean, smooth
appearance, and reduced slag inclusions,
Craftsman Contact Electrode deposits more metal faster,,. Because
the powdered iron in the flux goes into the weld.
W' H AT H A P P E N S WHEN YOU WELD?
| Seth edges of the metal
are heated by the arc,
until-
2
they meft and flew to-
gether forming one piece,
instantly--
more molten metal and
flux is added from the
rod, which -
4
fills the crater and covers
the top of the weld with
slag.
5 This process continues the entire length of the weld.
Arc Welding is the process of fusing two or more pieces of
metal together to form one piece. It is accomplished by
heating adjacent metal surfaces to the melting point with an
electric arc, then adding a sufficient amount of molten
metal to provide reinforcement and fill any vacant space
between the parts being ioined, as shown in the accompany-
ing illustrations.
The arc is created when an electric current, regulated by
a welding transformer, flows across an air gap between an
electrode and the work being we_ded. The intense heat
generated by the arc is ic{eally suited for welding, as it
can be directed to affect only the part of the metal to be
welded. Uniform heat from the arc, is acquired by keeping
its length the same for a given rod size and current setting.
At the instant an arc is "struck", a portion of the base
metal directly beneath it, is melted, resulting in a small
poot of molten metal, some of which is forced out by the
blast of the arc and deposited along the weld path. The
depth of the crater thus formed, is the distance the weld
wit[ extend into the base metal and is referred to as the
penetration of the weld.
Some of the electrode (which consists of a metal rod sur-
rounded by a flux coating) is melted simultaneously with
the base metal and is carried by the arc to the liquid pool.
This added metal combines with t_e base metal to form
the deposited weld.
During this operation a part of the flux coating burns off
and forms a gaseous smoke screen that completely en-
velops the arc, protecting the molten metal from harmful
effects of oxygen and nitrogen in the surrounding atmos-
phere. The remainder of the flux coating that melts is
carriec_ to the molten pool where it mixes with the metal
to combine with various impurities. It then floats to the
surfaces to form a coating of slag which covers the de-
posited weld metal, protecting it from the atmosphere and
retarding its cooling.