Craftsman 113.201392 Owner's Manual page 14

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To lay a weld beadonlytwo
movements a re used, down-
ward andin the direction the
weldis th be laid.
Figure 4
Watch the Weld puddle to
keep the slag from flowing
in front of it, causing inclu-
sions and gas pockets.
Figure 5 Figure 6
Fill the crater, when starting
a new rod by striking the
arc at A thee movng to B
and back to C position•
Te widen the bead. work the
rod from si[le to side slight-
ly, with a slow. zigzagging
crescent-shaped motion.
If difficulty is experienced offer repeated attempts to
maintain an arc check the ground connection for proper
contact with the work. If this does not help, increase the
welding current. Also check the rod size, as larger rods
require higher current settings.
Practice striking and maintaining an arc for a few seconds,
then snap it out by rapidly pulling the rod away from the
work. Repeat this operation until the arc can be started
and the gap maintained as uniformly as possible. In a
short time you will find the arc length can be controlled by
the crackling or "frying" sound which may be recognized
by gradually shortening the arc until it sputters irregularly
as though it were going to "choke out" and stlck--then
slowly lengthening the arc by pulling the rod away from
the work until it snaps out. Somewhere between these two
extremes the steady crackling sound of a proper arc tength
will be heard.
To lay a weld bead, only two movements are used., o
steeay downward feeding of the rod to maintain the correct
arc length and a slow travel in the direction in which the
weld is to be lald (fig, 3). _/atch the weld puddle and
arc length, and move the rod steadily in a straight llne as
the back end of the crater fills up (fig. 4), The slight c=ngle
of the rod will keep the flux or slag flowing over the
deposited weld metal to form a protective coating. If the
rod is moved too slowly the slag will flow in front of the
puddle and be trapped in the weld, producing inclusions
and gas pockets.
Lay a bead approximately four incheslong. After allowing
it to coot slightly, remove the slag coating, which covers the
top of the weld, by scraping along each edge of the weld
with a cold-chisel to]owed by wire brushing until it is bright
and clean, inspect the surface of the weld carefully before
starting another. The surface of a good weld is rippled
uniformly, which results from o steady rate of travel and
uniforrr arc length.
If the scrap plate used is small, it will become very hot after
laying a few beads. This will alter welding conditions
which could be very confusing to a beginner. Have several
scrap pieces handy so each mc_y be allowed to cool before
laying a second bead.
When starting with a new rod, chip slag from the crater
and strike 'i-he arc at the forward end as shown at "A'" in
figure 5. Then move the rod to B and back to C, a
about twi_e _ fi0t_ai raf_ of travel to give the rod a_d
base _et_l tim_ t0:_f up T0r proper fusion.
After
laying
a number of beads, try "working"
the rod
from side to side slight y (fig. 6). This movement should
be slow and not wider thcsn the diameter of the rod being
used. Experiment with different current settings, rod sizes
and rates of travel. Compare results with welds shown in
the diagrams (fig. 9).
Too low a current setting tends to deposit the bead on top
of the plate with very little penetration. The arc sound wi[[
be an intermittent crackle with irregular sputtering. Too
high a current setting (for the size of the rod oeing used)
will provide sufficient penetration but the bead will be thin
ana undercut in places. The arc makes a hissing sound and
the rod becomes red hot before it is half used.
If travel is too slow it will pile up a wide, heavy bead with
good penetration but with overlap of the weld metal on
sides without fusion. A large area surrounding the weld is
heated to a high temperature which produces distortion,
even on a stmple weld. If the rod is moved too fast the
small bead will result with little more thor melted base
metal. An extremely" long arc causes the rod to melt off in
globules, with litrle or no penetration, and a very irregular
weld surface. The arc produces a hissing sound.
A good weld laid with correct current setting, speed and arc
length will produce a surface that is rippled uniformly, with
the same width throughout its length, and well formed
crater. The cross-sectlonal view shows it to have good pene-
tratlon and no undercut or overlap.
Figure
7
Lay the weld beads about
one inch apart, gemove the
slag and examine each wed
before starting the nexL
Figure 8
A pad of welfl metal is built
up by running a series of
beads in layers at right
angtes to each other.