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Related Manuals for BSS Audio DPR 422
Summary of Contents for BSS Audio DPR 422
- Page 1 DPR 422 User Manual...
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Page 2: Important Safety Information
IT SHOULD NOT BE NECESSARY TO REMOVE ANY PROTECTIVE EARTH OR SIGNAL CABLE SHIELD CONNECTIONS TO PREVENT GROUND LOOPS. ANY SUCH DISCONNECTIONS ARE OUTSIDE THE RECOMMENDED PRACTISE OF BSS AUDIO AND WILL RENDER ANY EMC OR SAFETY CERTIFICATION VOID. For continued compliance with international EMC legislation ensure that all input and output cables are wired with the cable screen connected to Pin 1 of the XLR connectors and/or the jack plug sleeve. -
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Contents Contents Mechanical installation Mains Power Connection Mains Power Introduction Unpacking Audio Connections Main Inputs Main Outputs Side Chain Inputs Side Chain Outputs Control Operations Operating Level Threshold Ratio Attack Release AUTO Stereo Link Gain Channel In 6.10 De-ess 6.11 Frequency 6.12 De-ess HF... - Page 4 Contents General Applications The need for Gain control Compressors and Limiters The effect of Compression and Limiting on sound De-essing Broadband De-essing HF De-essing Operation and applications Compression De-essing HF De-essing HF De-essing with full Dynamic control Peak Limiting Side chain insert 10.0 Troubleshooting 11.0...
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Page 5: Mechanical Installation
Mechanical Installation Mechanical installation A vertical rack space of 1U (1¾" / 44.5 mm high) is required, with a depth of 190mm. Ventilation gaps are unnecessary (See Figure 1.1). If the unit is likely to undergo extreme vibration through extensive road trucking and touring, it is advisable to support the unit at the rear and/or sides to lessen the stress on the front mounting flange. -
Page 6: Mains Power Connection
Mains Power Connection Mains Power Connection 2.1 Mains Power WARNING! THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED. The DPR-422 must always be connected to a 3-wire earthed AC outlet. The rack framework must also be connected to the same grounding circuit. The unit must NOT be operated unless the power cables' EARTH (ground) wire is properly terminated - this is important for personal safety as well as for proper control over the system grounding. -
Page 7: Introduction
Introduction Unpacking Introduction The BSS DPR-422 compressor, de-esser has been designed in response to the demand for a versatile, cost effective two channel unit which maintains the proprietary, audibly transparent, subtractive VCA technology as used in the well established BSS DPR-402 unit. The provision of a separate, balanced insert input and output per channel minimises the possibility of interference that other units with unbalanced connections may suffer from. - Page 8 The DPR-422 Fig 4.1 Front Panel Fig 4.2 Rear Panel...
- Page 9 All numbers in bubbles refer to Section numbers.
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Page 10: Audio Connections
Audio Connections Audio Connections 5.1 Main Inputs There are 2 input sockets on the rear panel of the 422, Inputs 1 and 2. Each is electronically balanced on standard 3 pin female XLRs at an impedance greater than 10k Ohms. The ‘HOT, + or in phase’ connection is to pin 2 and the ‘COLD, -, or out of phase’... -
Page 11: Side Chain Inputs
When using the DPR-422 to drive unbalanced inputs, best performance is usually obtained by connecting the DPR-422s ‘+’ signal to the equipment signal pin and the ‘-’ signal to the equipment shield. Fig 5.4 The DPR-422 shield should normally be connected to the equipment shield, preferably at the equipment end. -
Page 12: Side Chain Outputs
Audio Connections 5.4 Side Chain The side chain uses a quasi-balanced ‘ground compensated’ output. When connected to a balanced input, interference rejection equivalent to a fully Outputs floating output can be obtained. Full headroom is available into any load of 2k Ohms or greater. -
Page 13: Control Operations
Control Operations Control Operations 6.1 Operating Level Setting this switch on the rear panel to +4dBu configures the DPR-422 for connection in a professional system. The THRESHOLD control and OUTPUT METER will read in dB relative to 0dBu, and the side chain insert points will be set for connection to professional signal level equipment. -
Page 14: Ratio
Control Operations When the THRESHOLD control is set fully clockwise to the position marked OUT the threshold can not be reached, regardless of the input level, and the signal will always reach the output uncompressed. How the compressor performs on signals above the threshold is controlled by the RATIO, ATTACK, and RELEASE controls (see the following sections for more info.) 6.3 Ratio... -
Page 15: Attack
6.4 Attack This control determines how quickly the DPR-422 compressor responds to signals once the threshold is exceeded and provides a range of times from 50us to 100ms. For transient signals (very sudden 'spikes' in the signal that last a short time), a fast attack time is desirable. -
Page 16: Auto
Control Operations If set too fast, the overall volume level will jump up and down, exactly following the peaks above threshold, producing an unpleasant effect. If set too low, quiet parts of the program immediately following loud transients will be subjected to ‘breathing’ or ‘pumping’ effects caused by the VCA releasing its attenuation (or effectively increasing the system gain) during the quiet program period, when it is not required. -
Page 17: Gain
When linked, the channel 1 below threshold meter shows the combined channel 1 & 2 signal. The channel 2 below threshold meter shows only signals on channel 2, this provides a visual indication that there is a signal on channel 2. -
Page 18: De-Ess
Control Operations 6.10 De-ess The DE-ESS control determines how much gain reduction the BROADBAND de-esser applies to the signal when a sibilant sound is detected. The maximum amount of gain reduction available in this mode is approximately 20dB. The dynamic settings for the broadband de-esser are set automatically by the DPR- 422 and are optimised for general vocal work. -
Page 19: Side Chain Listen
are used. The setting of these controls should broadly follow the directions given in the respective parts of this manual. The below threshold and gain reduction meters are used to monitor the operation of the HF de-esser. The DE- ESS control, active and high LED’s play no part in HF DE-ESS mode and are automatically disabled when the DE-ESS HF mode is activated. -
Page 20: Meter Displays
Metering displays Meter displays 7.1 Input Meter The INPUT METER switch is used in conjunction with the OUTPUT LEVEL meter to allow the input signal to be displayed. The switch has a momentary action to ensure that the meter is not inadvertently left showing input level. This facility becomes extremely useful when used in conjunction with the CHANNEL IN switch. -
Page 21: Gain Reduction Meter
7.3 Gain Reduction Meter Once the input signal has exceeded the threshold point on scale, the compressor starts to operate, and gain reduction will occur. The amount of gain reduction being used is displayed on the GAIN REDUCTION meter. Gain reduction is a useful way of expressing compressor action as it gives an instantaneous indication of how much the signal is actually being processed. -
Page 22: General Applications
General applications General Applications 8.1 The need for The human ear excels in its ability to detect an extremely wide range of sound levels. These can range from the quietest whisper to the roar of a jet aircraft. Gain control When we attempt to reproduce this large range (dynamic range) of sounds with amplifiers, tape recorders or radio transmitters, we run into one of the fundamental limitations of electronic or acoustic equipment - a restricted... -
Page 23: Compressors And Limiters
Fig 8.2 Operating level and headroom One solution to this problem is for the operator of the equipment to be continuously monitoring the program, and manually adjusting the gain to suit the moment. When the program is quiet, the gain can be increased, and when the program is loud the gain can be reduced. -
Page 24: The Effect Of Compression And Limiting On Sound
General applications 8.3 The effect of Consider an input signal which is applied to two units, one having its threshold point set 10dB higher than the other. Since the compressor only affects signals compression & that exceed the threshold level, the signal with the lower threshold applied will limiting on sound be more affected than the other. -
Page 25: De-Essing
increased. The net effect, therefore, is for both ends of the dynamic spectrum to be pushed (or squeezed) towards each other. This squeezing effect of compression is important to remember, and provides a major difference between compression and limiting. I.e. Limiters do not make-up the gain reduction. -
Page 26: Operation And Applications
Operations and applications Operation and applications 9.1 Compression Rotate the THRESHOLD control anticlockwise until the BELOW THRESHOLD meter is fully illuminated and an appropriate amount of gain is indicated on the GAIN REDUCTION meter. This operation will be accompanied with a drop in output level, as indicated by the OUTPUT METER. -
Page 27: Hf De-Essing With Full Dynamic Control
HF De-essing with full Dynamic control Rotate the THRESHOLD control anticlockwise until the BELOW THRESHOLD meter is fully illuminated and an appropriate amount of gain reduction is indicated on the GAIN REDUCTION meter. The FREQ control and THRESHOLD control can now be fine tuned to achieve the desired effect whilst listening to the program. -
Page 28: Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting 10.0 Troubleshooting Problem: No output. Solution: Is the Mains Power connected? Check the connections. See fuse failure (below). Do you have an input signal? Check the Input and Output connections. Are the power amplifiers switched on? Problem: Fuse failure. Solution: The mains supply fuse is unlikely to blow without an electronic fault being present. -
Page 29: Warranty Information
11.0 Warranty Information When sold to an end user by BSS Audio or a BSS Audio Authorised Reseller, this unit is warranted by the seller to the purchaser against defects in workmanship and the materials used in its manufacture for a period of one year from the date of sale. -
Page 30: Specifications
Specifications 12.0 Specifications General Input Impedance 10k ohm balanced or unbalanced Input Headroom >+20dBu Input CMRR >-50dB (30Hz-20kHz) Output level >+20dBu into 600 ohms or greater Output Impedance <50 ohms unbalanced or unbalanced Output Gain +/-20dB continuously variable Frequency Response 10Hz-80kHz (+/-3dB) Noise -96dBu (22Hz to 22kHz) Dynamic Range >117dB Cross Talk >-85dB (20Hz to 20kHz) - Page 31 Glossary 13.0 Glossary Active Active electronic circuits are those which are capable of voltage and power gain by using transistors and integrated circuits. Amplitude Refers to the voltage level or intensity of a signal, and is usually measured in voltage or decibels. Attack Time The amount of time taken for the compressor or limiter to kick in and start gain reduction once the input signal has exceeded the threshold level.
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Page 32: Glossary
Glossary presents in the original. Harmonic distortion refers to added frequencies that are overtones to the fundamental frequency. Intermodulation distortion refers to added frequencies that are sum and difference values derived from the beating together of two frequencies. Drop-in A term used to describe the way in which new equipment, or a hitherto unused function of equipment already connected, can be switched into a live sound system without causing unwanted effects, i.e: without causing clicks or a noticable change in sound level. - Page 33 gain reduce. Transient A sudden burst of energy in an audio signal which only lasts for a small period of time relative to the rest of the signal. The level of these transients can often reach 10 times (+20dB) or so above the normal operating level of the audio equipment, and may cause distortion of headroom is inadequate.
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Page 34: Index
Index Index Front Panel Fuse rating Attack Audio connections Inputs Gain Outputs Gain control Side Chain Inputs Glossary Side Chain Outputs AUTO Installation Breathing Limiters effects of Channel In Compression application effect of Mechanical installation Controls Meters Attack Below Threshold AUTO Gain Reduction Channel In... - Page 35 Threshold Troubleshooting Unpacking Voltage Controlled Attenuator Voltage selection Warranty...
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Page 36: User Notes
User Notes... - Page 38 User Notes...
- Page 40 User Notes...
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