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2002
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Related Manuals for Hioki 3155
Summary of Contents for Hioki 3155
- Page 1 2002 www.valuetronics.com...
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Page 2: Electric Shock
Avoiding Accidental Electric Shock Avoiding Accidental Avoiding Accidental Avoiding Accidental Electric Shock Electric Shock Electric Shock Electronic equipment must be designed to avoid accidental electric shock. Electric shock accidents can be so severe as to cause death, fire or explosion. What is the cause of electric shock, and what can we do to prevent it? This presentation describes tests that have been instituted to prevent electric shock. - Page 3 Avoiding Accidental Electric Shock Cause of Electric Shock ＝ Dangerous voltage When you touch an electrical device, for example, to change a panel setting, you may suddenly experience an electric shock. Although the shock itself might not be harmful, it could cause a fire or explosion, or even loss of life.
- Page 4 Avoiding Accidental Electric Shock Countermeasure 1: “Enclosure” = Isolation Electrical equipmet Insulation resistance Dangerous voltage Dangerous voltage How about enclosing the dangerous voltage to prevent contact? This countermeasure isolates the internal circuitry from the equipment enclosure. As an example, assume there is an insulation resistance between the internal circuitry and the enclosure.
- Page 5 Avoiding Accidental Electric Shock Countermeasure 2. : “Discharge” = Grounding Electrical equipment Dangerous voltage Dangerous voltage How about discharging dangerous voltages to earth ground? This countermeasure consists of grounding the enclosure of the device, using a conductor with very low resistance. In this diagram, this resistance is shown as a resistor between the device and earth ground.
- Page 6 Avoiding Accidental Electric Shock How much current actually flows? When we say one gets an electric shock, how much current flow are we talking about? Even though we may be unable to sense it, current flow may be present. The leakage current test measures the amount of current flow. One might think leakage current could be measured by connecting an ammeter, but in fact that is not possible.
- Page 7 Avoiding Accidental Electric Shock Electrocution? For general supply frequency (mA) Death 99.5% of test subjects Autonomos nerves are paralyzed Motor nerves are paralyzed 50% of test subjects The least paralyzed current 0.5% of test subjects 100k Frequency characteristics of perceptual current (Hz) Although we've mentioned electric shock in general, there are actually several grades of shock, ranging from the imperceptible to lethal.
- Page 8 Avoiding Accidental Electric Shock Double and triple protection standard Dangerous Dangerous Bad condition voltage voltage Countermeasure 1: Countermeasure 2: Discharge Enclose Dangerous Dangerous voltage voltage Insulation is fundamental to safety, and insulating against contact with dangerous voltages is fundamental to the design of electrical devices. Tests established by standards to determine the state of insulation are the Withstanding voltage test and the Insulation resistance test.
- Page 9 Medical Equipment Safety Standards Safety Standards for Electrical Safety Standards for Electrical Equipment Equipment To design safe medical equipment, Withstanding Voltage tests, insulation resistance tests, protective grounding tests and leakage current tests are specified by various standards. Here we describe the classifications of electrical equipment, and factors such as insulating structures to better understand these tests.
- Page 10 Safety Standard for Electrical Equipment Classification of electrical equipment 1 s t p r o t e c t o n 2 n d P r o t e c t i o n ＋ ＋ ＋ ＋ C l a s s 1 e q u i p m e n t I n s u l a t i o n E a r t h ＋...
- Page 11 Safety Standards for Electrical Equipment Insulation Structure Re in fo r c e D o u b le In s u la tio n In s u la to n S tren g th en In su latio n We have been using the term "basic insulation" without defining it, so now let's look at the formal classifications of protective insulating structures as regulated by the standards.
- Page 12 Safety Standards for Electrical Equipment Class I equipment P ow er S ou rce Mid d le circ it Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ F u n ction al P lu g w ith earh term in al p rotective E n c losu re...
- Page 13 Medical equipment safety standards Class II equipment Main part Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ Functional earth terminal Mains plug Motor having an Enclosure exposed shaft Basic insulation Supplementary insulation Protection against electric shock in Class II equipment is provided by both basic and supplementary insulation.
- Page 14 Medical equipment safety standards Medical equipment safety standards I n t e r n a t i o n a l s t a n d a r d s IE C 6 0 0 6 5 A u d io , v id e o , a n d s im ila r e q u ip m e n t s s a fe ty P a r t 1 IE C 6 0 3 3 5 -1...
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Page 15: Leakage Current Measurement
Leakage Current Measurement Leakage Current Measurement Leakage Current Measurement www.valuetronics.com... - Page 16 Leakage Current Measurement Measurement network 10 kΩ Ω Ω Ω Ｖ Leakage current can be measured as described so far. The actual measurement points are determined by the particular medical equipment, and measurements are taken during both normal and single fault conditions. If the measured values are within the permissible levels shown in Appendix 1, the test is passed, and if the measured values are above those levels, the test is failed.
- Page 17 (one place for enclosures not requiring protective earthing, and no signal input or output part or type F insulated applied parts). Is there a simple way to make such complicated leakage current measurements? Yes! Model 3155 LEAK CURRENT HiTESTER. www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 18 Easy printer operation The 3155 LEAK CURRENT HiTESTER is a tester designed to make leakage current measurements simple. Let's look at the features. (1) The measurement network, polarity toggle switch, switch to interrupt one supply conductor and switch to interrupt an earth conductor are all built in.
- Page 19 Leakage Current Measurement Model 3155 Leak Current HiTESTER Model 3155 Leak Current HiTESTER This is Model 3155 Leakage Current HiTESTER. www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 20 To make it easy to use for maintenance applications, the 3155 is designed to be lightweight, so the isolating transformer is not built in. Therefore power for the 3155 is supplied by connection to the isolating transformer.
- Page 21 Leakage Current Measurement Let’s set up the 3155 First, settings must be made for the equipment to be tested. Enter the class and type of applied part for the equipment. These settings determine the items to be measured. For example, by selecting Class II, the earth leakage current measurement is disabled.
- Page 22 Leakage Current Measurement Let’s try to measure Enclosure Leakage with the 3155 3155 Appliance Polarity toggle switch Isolating Volt meter transformer Ｖ G-terminal Switch to interrupt one supply conductor Between the T1-terminal Switch to interrupt an enclosure and earth conductor...
- Page 23 Other features of the 3155 LEAK CURRENT HiTESTER are as follows: * Model 3155 must be specified for 100, 120, 200 or 240 volts (at the time of ordering), while the Model 3155-01 is voltage selectable for the 100 to 120 range, or 200 or 240 volts.
- Page 24 Protective Grounding Test Protective Grounding Test Protective Grounding Test Protective Grounding Test Protective grounding testing is applicable only to Class I equipment. Class I equipment prevents electric shock by basic insulation and earthing. If the basic insulation fails, dangerous voltage can be applied to the enclosure. The earth provides a dissipation route for this voltage.
- Page 25 Protective Grounding Test Protective earth and functional earth terminals Protective Functional earth terminal earth terminal Let's now look at the differences between protective earth and functional earth terminals. As suggested by its name, the purpose of a protective earth terminal is to provide protection.
- Page 26 Protective Grounding Test Protective grounding test points Test point Basic Screw insulation Protective earth polarity Insulator Test point Measurements are made between a protective earth terminal and parts where dangerous voltage could occur if the basic insulation was to fail. It is hard to know what exactly is meant by "parts where dangerous voltage could occur if the basic insulation was to fail"...
- Page 27 Protective Grounding Test Protective grounding test standards Test current The larger of either 25 Amperes or 1.5 times the rated current No-load voltage less than 12 volts Test time 5 to 10 seconds Permissible level 0.1 Ohms Here we describe the protective grounding tests regulated by IEC60335-1. The test current is the larger of either 25 Amperes or 1.5 times the rated current.
- Page 28 Protective Grounding Test Introducing Model 3157 Constant current testing Soft-start method 3157 Timer Pass/Fail judgment No-load voltage Easy less than 6V operation For protective ground testing, what operating features would be convenient? •Because the test current has a specified permissible level, the constant- current testing method is preferable to the slidac method •Pass-fail judgment of measured resistance and permissible levels •Controlling the flow of current by a timer, so that current can only flow for...
- Page 29 Protective Earth Continuity Test Model 3157 AC GROUNDI NG HiTESTER Model 3157 AC GROUNDI NG HiTESTER This is Model 3157 AC Grounding HiTESTER. www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 30 Protective Earth Continuity Test Soft Start Function End of test time Selected current output Output Current 3s max. Current output start Connect the probe to a device under test READY TEST TEST PASS blinking The soft start function is used to avoid sparks. Before explaining this function, let’s think about the situation where there may be sparks.
- Page 31 Protective Earth Continuity Test Let’s test protective earth continuity with the 3157-01 The probes of the 3157 AC Grounding HiTESTER are the 9269 Current Probe and the 9297 Current Apply Probe with switch. The 9296 is mainly used to clip the earthing pole of a voltage inlet. The 9297 has a current output switch which helps with quick testing.
- Page 32 RS-232C interface, GP-IB interface, Printer Can be connected to the 3155 through RS-232C - Transfer the measurement data of the 3157 to the 3155, and print out the data by using the internal printer of the 3155. Small, Light (Approx. 7kg, about 50% of previous model) Various functions Now, I will introduce the functions of the 3157 AC Grounding HiTESTER.
- Page 33 Insulation and Withstanding Voltage Tests Insulation Insulation Withstanding Voltage Withstanding Voltage Tests Tests The withstanding voltage test is to test the insulation capability of a device. It is different from other tests, and is closer to a durability test or destructive test.
- Page 34 Insulation and Withstanding Voltage Tests Points for insulation and withstanding voltage tests Enclosure connected to the protective earth ① ① ① ① ③ ③ ③ ③ Internal circuit Insulation part Power transformer ② ② ② ② Enclosure not connected to the protective earth Insulation and withstanding voltage tests basically check the points where it shows whether or not basic insulation, supplementary insulation, or...
- Page 35 INSULATION Voltage Test Functions Insulation Measurement based on Safety Standards Home appliance/Electric Equipment etc. INSULATION RESISTANCE TEST based on Safety Standards Machine, Medical, Home appliance, Office equipment etc. INSULATION TEST Electric and Electrical Equipment Motor, Printer, Magnetic head, etc. INSULATION TSET for electric and electrical parts Transformer, Coil, Switch, Relay, etc.
- Page 36 INSULATION Voltage Test AUTOMATIC 25V to 1000V DISCHARGE 3154 6 Measurement EXTERNAL Voltages TIMER RS232C FUNCTION Features of Model 3154 are as follows: 1. Six Measurement voltage are provided in a Single unit, which is 25V, 50V, 100V, 250V and 100V. 2.
- Page 37 INSULATION Voltage Test Model 3154 DI GI TAL MΩ Ω Ω Ω HiTESTER Model 3154 DI GI TAL MΩ Ω Ω Ω HiTESTER This is Model 3154. www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 38 Withstanding Voltage Test Standards for withstanding voltage test Test Voltage Test Voltage (V) Rated Voltage (*) Working Voltage (U) (*) Insulation Type <150, ≤ 150V SELV > 250V ≤250 Basic Insulation 1000 1000 1.2U + 700 Supplementary 1000 1750 1.2U + 1450 Insulation Reinforced Insulation 2000...
- Page 39 Withstanding Voltage Test 3158 is now available! Slidac 500VA method transformer 3158 capacity Voltage Pass/Fail comparator judgement function Easy Timer operation Since the withstanding voltage test applies high voltage and the tester has a big step-up transformer for this purpose, the test becomes very heavy. The leakage current test and protective earth continuity test have the maintenance application, but the withstanding voltage test is mostly operated in the production line.
- Page 40 Withstanding Voltage Test Model 3158 AC WI THSTANDI NG VOLTAGE HiTESTER Model 3158 AC WI THSTANDI NG VOLTAGE HiTESTER This is Model 3158 AC Withstanding Voltage HiTESTER. www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 41 Withstanding Voltage Test PORTABLE AC3KV 3173 RELAY OUTPUT PRICE EASY TIMER OPERATION FUNCTION Features of 3173 are as follows, 1. Compact, Light Weight, Economical Price and Easy Operation 2. Timer Function (0 to 99seconds, 1second resolution) 3. Current Cut Off Setting (0.1 to 9.9mA, 0.1mA resolution) 4.
- Page 42 Withstanding Voltage Test Model 3173 Model 3173 Portable Portable WTHSTANDI NG WTHSTANDI NG VOLTAGE HiTESTER VOLTAGE HiTESTER This is Model 3173 Portable WTHSTANDING VOLTAGE HiTESTER. www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 43 Insulation and Withstanding Voltage Tests 500VA 3158 + 3154 transformer 3159 capacity Discharge function Continuous testing There are standards that define the insulation resistance test in addition to the withstanding voltage test. As these tests have common test points, the test workload can be reduced by combining these two testers.
- Page 44 Insulation and Withstanding Voltage Tests Model 3159 Model 3159 I NSULATI ON/ WI THSTANDI NG HiTESTER I NSULATI ON/ WI THSTANDI NG HiTESTER www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 45 Insulation and Withstanding Voltage Tests 3153 is now available! Auto test, AC withstanding voltage (5/60Hz), programmed DC withstanding test 3153 voltage, insulation resistance Stable Ramp output function RS-232C, Scanner GP-IB (option) standard The withstanding voltage testers with an output voltage knob like the 3173, 358 and 3159 are less expensive, but the test voltage waveform is distorted or becomes smaller if the commercial power supply is distorted or dropped, because they amplify the commercial power supply using a...
- Page 46 Insulation and Withstanding Voltage Tests Model 3153 Model 3153 AUTOMATI C I NSULATI ON/ WI THSTANDI NG HiTESTER AUTOMATI C I NSULATI ON/ WI THSTANDI NG HiTESTER This is Model 3153 Automatic Insulation/Withstanding HiTESTER. www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 47 The leakage current measurement require many jigs. Also, the voltage meters compatible to the standards are expensive. We introduced the 3155 to solve these problems. It is more compact and light weight than the conservative large and heavy jigs, so that it can be used for maintenance work for periodic tests.
- Page 48 Model 9267 SAFETY TEST DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE Model 9267 Safety Test Data Management Software can be used to control Models 3153, 3159, 3158, 3157 and 3332. You can arrange the order of test procedures. Also, specific test items and the test order can be chosen and set from those tests such as Withstanding, Insulation, Protected Ground and Continuity.
- Page 49 Model 9267 SAFETY TEST DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE The 3153 program setting is also available. This is the program screen for Model 3153. You can save and load 3153 program setting data as a text file www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 50 Model 9267 SAFETY TEST DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE You can save and load 3153 program setting data as a text file. www.valuetronics.com...
- Page 51 Thank you for your attention! www.valuetronics.com...
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