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APPENDIX C: Connections
“XLR” CONNECTORS
Mackie mixers use 3-pin female “XLR” con-
nectors on all microphone inputs, with pin 1
wired to the grounded (earthed) shield, pin 2
wired to the “high” (”hot” or positive polarity)
side of the audio signal and pin 3 wired to the
“low” (“cold” or negative polarity) side of the
signal (Figure A). All totally aboveboard and in
full accord with the hallowed standards dic-
tated by the AES (Audio Engineering Society).
2
SHIELD
HOT
1
3
COLD
SHIELD
1
3
COLD
2
HOT
SHIELD
1
3
COLD
2
HOT
Figure A: XLR Connectors
Use a male “XLR”-type connector, usually
found on the nether end of what is called a
“mic cable,” to connect to a female XLR jack.
⁄
" TRS PHONE PLUGS AND JACKS
1
4
“TRS” stands for Tip-Ring-Sleeve, the three
connections available on a “stereo”
1
⁄
" or
4
“balanced” phone jack or plug. See Figure B.
TRS jacks and plugs are used in several
different applications:
RING
SLEEVE
SLEEVE
RING
TIP
TIP
RING
TIP
Figure B:
1
⁄
" TRS Plugs
4
SLEEVE
• Stereo Headphones, and rarely, stereo micro-
phones and stereo line connections. When
wired for stereo, a
⁄
" TRS jack or plug is
1
4
connected tip to left, ring to right and sleeve
to ground (earth). Mackie mixers do not
directly accept 1-plug-type stereo micro-
phones. They must be separated into a left
cord and a right cord, which are plugged
into the two mic preamps.
You can cook up your own adapter for a
stereo microphone adapter. “Y” two cables
out of a female
1
⁄
" TRS jack to two male
4
XLR plugs, one for the Right signal and
one for the Left.
• Balanced mono circuits. When wired as a
balanced connector, a
1
⁄
" TRS jack or
4
plug is connected tip to signal high
(hot), ring to signal low (cold), and
sleeve to ground (earth).
• Unbalanced Send/Return circuits. When
wired as send/return “Y” connector, a
⁄
"
1
4
TRS jack or plug is connected tip to signal
send (output from mixer), ring to signal
return (input back into mixer), and sleeve
to ground (earth).
⁄
" TS PHONE PLUGS AND JACKS
1
4
“TS” stands for Tip-Sleeve, the two connec-
tions available on a “mono”
⁄
" phone jack or
1
4
plug (Figure C). TS jacks and plugs are used in
many different applications, always unbalanced.
The tip is connected to the audio signal and the
sleeve to ground (earth). Some examples:
• Unbalanced microphones
• Electric guitars and electronic instruments
• Unbalanced line-level connections
SLEEVE
SLEEVE
TIP
TIP
TIP
Figure C: TS Plug
SLEEVE
SWITCHED
⁄
" PHONE JACKS
1
4
Switches can be incorporated into
1
⁄
"
4
phone jacks, which are activated by inserting
the plug. These switches may open an insert
loop in a circuit, change the input routing of
the signal or serve other functions. Mackie
uses switches in the channel insert and bus
insert jacks, input jacks and AUX returns. We
also use these switches to ground the line-level
inputs when nothing is plugged into them.
In most cases, the plug must be inserted fully
to activate the switch. Mackie takes advantage
of this in some circuits, specifying circum-
stances where you are to insert the plug only
partially. See Special Mackie Connections,
later in this section.
Page 72
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