Knauer Azura Pump P 8.1L Instructions Manual
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Knauer Azura Pump P 8.1L Instructions Manual

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Pump P 8.1L
Instructions
HPLC
HPLC
Document no. V6770

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Summary of Contents for Knauer Azura Pump P 8.1L

  • Page 1 Pump P 8.1L Instructions HPLC HPLC Document no. V6770...
  • Page 2 KNAUER. Support: Do you have questions about the installation or the operation of your instrument or software? International Support: Contact your local KNAUER partner for support: www.knauer.net/en/Support/Distributors-worldwide Support in Germany (Austria & Switzerland on case-to-case basis): Phone:...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Table of contents 1. General ................1 About these instructions .
  • Page 4 Table of contents Power supply............15 Connecting the leak management .
  • Page 5 Table of contents 8. Maintenance and care ............. . 50 Maintenance contract .
  • Page 6 AZURA® Pump P 8.1L Instructions (V6770)

  • Page 7: General

    These operating instructions are an integral part of the device. It must be kept in the immediate vicinity of the device and accessible to the user at all times. You can download these and other instructions from the KNAUER web- site: www.knauer.net/library...

  • Page 8: Legal Information

    1.4.4 Warranty seal A blue or orange warranty seal is affixed to some devices. A blue seal is used by KNAUER’s Manufacturing or Customer Support ƒ for devices to be sold. After repair, service technicians attach an orange seal onto the identi- ƒ...

  • Page 9: Basic Safety Instructions

    Operation in potentially explosive areas without special and additio- ƒ nal explosion protection. Contact the KNAUER Customer Support for more information. User qualification The user is qualified to handle the device if all of the following points apply: He has at least a basic knowledge of liquid chromatography.

  • Page 10: Operator Responsibility

    Basic safety instructions Operator responsibility The operator is any person who operates the device himself or leaves it to a third party for use and who bears the legal product responsibility for the protection of the user or third parties during operation. The obligations of the operator are listed below: Know and follow the applicable work safety regulations.

  • Page 11: Working With Solvents

    Basic safety instructions Working with solvents 2.6.1 General requirements The user is trained for handling different solvents. ƒ Note recommended solvents and concentrations in these instructions ƒ in order to avoid personal injury or damage to the device. For exam- ple, certain chemicals may cause PEEK capillaries to swell or burst (see chapter 13 on page 69).

  • Page 12: Specific Environments

    ƒ system in order to avoid dead volumes, not exactly fitting connections and spreading contamination. Safety features: The device may only be opened by the KNAUER Cus- ƒ tomer Support of KNAUER or any company authorized by KNAUER (see chapter 1.4.1 on page 2).

  • Page 13: Service Request Form And Decontamination Report

    Devices which are shipped without the completed document “Service request form and decontamination report” will not be repaired. If you would like to return a device to KNAUER, make sure to enclose the com- pleted document: www.knauer.net/servicerequest AZURA® Pump P 8.1L Instructions (V6770)

  • Page 14: Product Information

    3. Product information Description The AZURA® Pump P 8.1L is suitable for analytical applications. The pump is used in an HPLC system or as a stand-alone device for conveying liquids. Liquids are pumped either with a constant flow or pressure. The flow rate and the pressure of the pump depends on the pump head.
  • Page 15 Product information Legend 4 5 6 Fluidics for piston backflushing Piston backflushing Degasser Solvent selection valve Capillary guide Pressure sensor Status LEDs Standby button Fig. 2: Front view AZURA® Pump P8.1L, features top Legend Capillary guide Leak tray Main piston Pump head A Auxiliary piston Pressure sensor...

  • Page 16: Rear View

    Product information 3.2.1 Rear view Legend Remote pin header Service interface LAN connection 1 & 2 Event header Symbols and signs (see chapter 3.5 on page 12) Power switch and power connection 1 2 3 4 Fig. 4: Rear view AZURA® Pump P8.1L Performance features Pump head The pump head is equipped with an RFID chip.

  • Page 17: Scope Of Delivery

    As an additional accessory for operation, Mobile Control is available (see chapter 12 on page 66). Scope of delivery Note: Only use spare parts and accessories made by KNAUER or by a company authorized by KNAUER. AZURA Pump P 8.1L ®...

  • Page 18: Symbols And Signs

    Product information Symbols and signs The following symbols, labels and signs can be found on the device: Symbol Meaning Electric shock hazard. Failure to observe this warning may result in loss of life, serious injury or damage or destruction of the device. Electrostatic discharge hazard.
  • Page 19 Product information Symbol Meaning The device complies with Industry Canada license- CAN ICES-3 (B) exempt RSS standards. The device can be used for 15 years according to its intended use before there is a risk that the con- tained substances may escape and thereby pose a risk to the environment and health.

  • Page 20: Installation And Start-Up

    4. Installation and start-up Before you specify the location, read the technical data (see chapter 11 on page 64). All device-specific information about electricity, environ- mental conditions and humidity is listed there. Note: Only if the requirements for ambient conditions of the operating environment are met, the intended use can be ensured.

  • Page 21: Ambient Temperature

    Country-specific plugs: Before switching on the device, check whether ƒ the supplied plug is approved for your country. Overview of the devic- es- and country-specific plug types by KNAUER: www.knauer.net/plugs Power strips: If several devices are connected to one power strip, al- ƒ...

  • Page 22: Connecting The Leak Management

    Replace defective cables and plugs only with accessories from KNAUER. Connecting the leak management The leak management consists of a leak sensor and drainage system. The drainage system ensures that escaping liquids flow into a waste bottle.
  • Page 23 Installation and start-up Procedure Process Figure 5. Attach the waste nozzle the bottom unit 6. Attach the waste tubing on the waste nozzle and connect it to the waste container. 7. Place the waste container below the devices. Fig. 8 Leak tray with nozzle Next steps Attach the front cover.

  • Page 24: Connecting The Piston Backflushing

    Installation and start-up Connecting the piston backflushing Legend Piston backflushing inlet Piston backflushing outlet Fig. 9 Piston backflushing Component defect Damage to flushing pump or tubings due to unsuitable eluents. Use the mentioned fl ushing eluents only. Renew the piston backfl ush solution once a week. Device defect Device defect due to intruding liquids.

  • Page 25: Procedure

    Installation and start-up Inlet symbol Outlet symbol Prerequisites The pump is installed at the operating location. ƒ The pump has been switched off. ƒ Material FEP tube ƒ 4.5.1 Procedure Procedure Process 1. Screw a FEP tube with UNF 1/4-28 flat bottom fitting into the flush pump inlet (refer to Fig.
  • Page 26 Installation and start-up 9 bl Fig. 10 Connection piston backflushing Legend Flush pump inlet Flush pump outlet Lower bushing of the left part of pump head A Upper bushing of the left part of pump head A Upper bushing of the right part of pump head A Lower bushing of the right part of pump head A Lower bushing of the left part of pump head B Upper bushing of the left part of pump head B...
  • Page 27 Installation and start-up Fig. 11 Flow path piston backflushing Legend Inlet from flush pump to piston backflushing Connection from piston backflushing to inlet pump head A Connection between pump head pistons Connection between outlet pump head A and inlet pump head B Connection from outlet pump head B to waste bottle AZURA®...

  • Page 28: Connecting The Capillaries

    Installation and start-up Connecting the capillaries Marking At the time of delivery, some tubings and capillaries are already pre-in- stalled. These pre-installed stainless steel and PEEK capillaries are col- or-coded according to their inner diameter. Color Material Inner Diameter red marker stainless steel 0.1 mm blue marker...

  • Page 29: Integrating The Pump Into A System

    Installation and start-up Integrating the pump into a system Note: Note at all times the ambient conditions found in the section “Technical data”, as well as the ambient conditions of other devices to be integrated into the system. Component defect Damage to components due to excessive tightening possible.

  • Page 30: Connecting The Degasser

    Installation and start-up Fig. 14 Flow path variant Legend Inlet of eluent bottle to solvent selection valve Inlet of solvent selection valve to degasser Connection from degasser to pump head inlet Connection between pump head pistons Connection from pump head to purge valve Degasser channels for degassing the flushing liquids of the autosampler 4.7.2 Connecting the degasser The inlet of the degasser...

  • Page 31: Connecting The Solvent Selection Valve To Eluent

    Installation and start-up 4.7.3 Connecting the solvent selection valve to eluent Note: The solvent selection valve is already connected with the 2-chan- nel degasser upon delivery. The solvent selection valve allows each eluent channel to choose between two different solvents, without having to reconnect any tubing. For the two eluent channels A and B, one of two eluents can be selected separately.

  • Page 32: Connecting The Purge Valve

    Installation and start-up 4.7.4 Connecting the purge valve Note: The pump heads as well as the pressure sensor are already con- nected to each other upon delivery. After the start, the purge valve allows the pump automatically to flush without manual intervention, e. g. to remove air from the suction tube. The flow paths during flushing are shown in Fig.
  • Page 33 Installation and start-up Fig. 16: Valve position Start/Purge Fig. 17: Valve position Run AZURA® Pump P 8.1L Instructions (V6770)

  • Page 34: Computer Control

    Installation and start-up Computer control Note: HPLC devices from KNAUER only work with IP addresses, which have been assigned by IPv4. IPv6 is not supported. This chapter describes how to set up a chromatography system in a local area network (LAN) and how a network administrator can integrate this LAN into your company network.

  • Page 35: Connecting Devices With Lan

    Installation and start-up In case you use an USB-to-COM box, the option “Allow the computer ƒ to turn off this device to save power” in the Device Manager must be deactivated for all USB hosts. Applies to all LAN devices: Disable the setting for the network adapter ƒ...

  • Page 36: Configuring The Router

    Set the router properties (see section 4.8.4). 4.8.4 Configuring the router The router is preset at the factory. Information about address, user name and password is noted in the router manual: www.knauer.net/router. Process Procedure 1. To open the router configuration, start your Internet browser and enter the IP address (does not apply for all routers).

  • Page 37: Controlling Several Systems Separately In Lan

    IP address for certain applications. For more information on LAN settings, please refer to the Mobile Control Software manual, which can be downloaded from the KNAUER website https://www.knauer.net/mobile-control-down- loads in section “downloads/manuals”.

  • Page 38: Mobile Control: Setting A Dynamic Ip Address Via Device Name

    Installation and start-up Process 6. Click in the top right corner. 7. Restart the device (recommended). Legend IP address mode Text box for IP address Text field for subnet mask/gateway Fig. 19: Network settings for static IP address Result The device is now accessible via the static IP address. 4.9.2 Mobile Control: Setting a dynamic IP address via device name Prerequisites...

  • Page 39: Mobile Control: Setting A Dynamic Ip Address Via Device Serial Number

    Installation and start-up Legend IP address mode Fig. 20: Network settings for dynamic IP address Result The device is now accessible via a dynamic IP address. 4.9.3 Mobile Control: Setting a dynamic IP address via device serial number Prerequisites The device is switched on. ƒ...

  • Page 40: Firmware Wizard: Setting A Static Ip Address

    Installation and start-up 4.9.4 Firmware Wizard: Setting a static IP address Note: More information about LAN settings can be found in the Mobile Control Software Instructions in the chapter “Firmware Wizard” (docu- ment no. V6851-2). Legend Text box for serial number of the device Setting IP address manually...

  • Page 41: Firmware Wizard: Setting A Dynamic Ip Address

    APIPA is a service that allows devices to obtain a dynamic IP address even without a DHCP server in the network. The AZURA Neo platform from KNAUER supports APIPA. The device must be set to DHCP for this. If no DHCP server responds, the APIPA implementation ensures that the device gives itself a random IP address from the IP address range reserved for APIPA (169.254.x.x).

  • Page 42: Remote Control

    Installation and start-up 4.10 Remote control Fig. 23: Remote terminal strip 4.10.1 Connector assignment Signal Explanation Analog GND Reference point of the voltage at the signal inputs. Analog out Voltage range 0 – 5 V, scalable Analog in For Service only! Analog GND Reference point of the voltage at the signal inputs.

  • Page 43: Events Connector

    Installation and start-up Signal Explanation TTL-compatible input Error IN Low-active ƒ Secure switching threshold at least 10 mA ƒ After receiving a signal (short-circuit to ground) from an external device, an error message ap- pears and the device stops. Event-controlled switching of 24 V +24V against GND Protection: 24 V-200 mA...
  • Page 44 Installation and start-up Assignment Connection Function 1TTL TTL Output Levels: passive 0 V ƒ active 5 V ƒ Pulse: 5 V for at least 1000 ms ƒ 2TTL TTL Output Levels: passive 0 V ƒ active 5 V ƒ Pulse: 5 V for at least 1000 ms ƒ...

  • Page 45: Connecting The Pin Header

    Installation and start-up Assignment Connection Function Relay contact The contact is on a floating basis. Its setting depends on the settings in software. Steady-rate signal: passive = relay contact opened ƒ active = relay contact closed ƒ Pulse: Closed relay contact for at least 1000 ms ƒ...
  • Page 46 Installation and start-up Fig. 25: Operating tool and pin header Process Procedure 1. Insert the operating tool in an upper small opening at the front of the pin header 2. Insert the cable into the opening  below the inserted operating tool.

  • Page 47: Operation

    If the device is part of an HPLC system, you should also note the following: The network connection to the router is established (see chapter 4.8.4 ƒ on page 30). The chromatography software has been installed by KNAUER or by a ƒ company authorized by KNAUER. The capillaries have been connected. ƒ...

  • Page 48: Meaning Of The Leds

    Operation Meaning of the LEDs There are three LEDs and a standby switch on the front of the device. The figure shows the LED panel when the device is switched off. The LEDs can have different colors depending on the operating conditions.

  • Page 49: Switching On The Pump

    Operation Switching on the pump Before the pump can be used, it must be purged to remove excess air in the capillaries. After switching on, the piston backflushing flushes auto- matically for 15 seconds. Prerequisites The installation has been completed. ƒ...

  • Page 50: Activate Standby

    Operation Activate standby Prerequisites The flow is turned off. Note: Malfunctioning system after repeated standby possible. After repeatedly using the standby, switch off the power switch and back on again, to reset the data storage. Procedure Figure 1. Press the standby switch for 5 seconds.

  • Page 51: Functionality Tests

    Installation Qualification (IQ) The customer may request the Installation Qualification, which is free of charge. In case of a request, the technical support of KNAUER or a pro- vider authorized by KNAUER performs this functionality test during the installation.

  • Page 52: Troubleshooting

    7. Troubleshooting First measures for troubleshooting: Check all cables and fittings. ƒ Check whether air has gotten into the supply lines. ƒ Check the device for leaks. ƒ Further measures: Compare the current problem with the list of possible problems (see ƒ...

  • Page 53: Possible Problems And Rectifications

    Troubleshooting Possible problems and rectifications Problem Solution Device cannot be Inspect the power cable to ensure that it is ƒ switched on plugged into the power supply. Left LED flashes An overpressure error has been detected on ƒ red when pump is the flush valve and the pump cannot initial- switched on ize.

  • Page 54: System Messages

    Troubleshooting System messages If system messages other than those listed below are displayed, restart the machine. Inform the technical support if the error message appears repeatedly. Error message Measure ERROR:404 Switch device off and an then on. Inform Instrument in error state the technical support in case the system message repeats.
  • Page 55 Troubleshooting Error message Measure ERROR:10020 Switch the device off and allow to cool Drive controller _ down. overheat (_ degrees C). ERROR:10023 An error occured during switching of the Purge valve switch failed. purge valve. Restart the system. ERROR:10027 System pressure exceeds safety limit during High pressure during drive(s) initialization.

  • Page 56: Maintenance And Care

    In case there are any maintenance tasks on that you do not find instruc- tions here, contact your supplier or the Technical support. Maintenance contract The device may only be opened by the Technical Service of KNAUER or any company authorized by KNAUER. This maintenance work is covered by a separate maintenance contract.

  • Page 57: Cleaning And Caring For The Device

    Maintenance and care Cleaning and caring for the device 8.3.1 Cleaning surfaces Device defect Intruding liquids can cause damage to the device. Place solvent bottles next to the device or in a solvent tray. Moisten the cleaning cloth only slightly. All smooth surfaces of the device can be cleaned with a mild, commer- cially available cleaning solution, or with isopropanol.

  • Page 58: Dismounting The Pump Head

    Maintenance and care Dismounting the pump head Prerequisites The pump head has been flushed with flushing solution. Tools Open-end wrench, size 1/4” ƒ Screwdriver Torx 25 ƒ Chemical burns Skin damage from aggressive or toxic eluents. Wear protective gloves. Flush the pump head before changing. Component defect Possible damage to the pump piston by tilting the pump head.

  • Page 59: Check Valves

    Maintenance and care Check valves Dirty check valves do not open and close properly. They cause pressure fluctuations and irregular flow. If it is impossible to clean the check valves, replace the whole unit. Procedure Removing the check valves ƒ Cleaning the check valves ƒ...

  • Page 60: Cleaning Check Valves

    Maintenance and care 8.6.2 Cleaning check valves The check valves are not disassembled for cleaning but they are cleaned as a unit. Prerequisites The check valve is removed from the pump head piston. ƒ Procedure Process 1. Place the check valve in a beaker with solvent, e.g. isopropanol. 2.

  • Page 61: Removing Dummy Check Valves

    Maintenance and care 8.6.4 Removing dummy check valves A dummy check valve is located in the pump head piston below the up- per fitting. Prerequisites The pump head piston has been flushed. ƒ The capillaries and tubings have been removed. ƒ...
  • Page 62 Maintenance and care Procedure Process Figure 1. Place the dummy check valve into the pump head piston. 2. Screw the fittings into the pump head piston and tighten them with a torque wrench and the proper torque value. Fig. 34 Dummy check valve Fig.

  • Page 63: Replacing The Mixing Chamber

    Maintenance and care Replacing the mixing chamber A clogged mixing chamber can cause pressure fluctuations and irregular flow. The mixer is replaced completely as a single assembly. Prerequisites The mixer has been flushed with isopropanol. ƒ The hole plugs are laid out ready. ƒ...

  • Page 64: Replacing The Inline Filter Cartridge

    Maintenance and care Replacing the inline filter cartridge 8.8.1 Location of inline filter cartridge holder Legend Inline filter cartdridge holder Fig. 37 Inline filter cartridge holder (G1459) 8.8.2 Exchanging the inline filter A clogged filter cartridge inside the pressure sensor can cause pressure variations and irregular flow.
  • Page 65 Maintenance and care Procedure Process Figure 1. Loosen capillaries on the cartridge holder. Fig. 38 Capillaries on cartridge holder 2. Remove the cartridge holder from the unit. Fig. 39 Removing cartridge holder 3. Unscrew the inline filter cartridge. 4. Replace the inline filter cartdridge Fig.

  • Page 66: Removing A Leakage

    Maintenance and care Procedure Process Figure 5. Screw the cartridge hol- der together and tighten with 8 Nm. Fig. 42: Cartridge holder screwed together 6. Screw the cartridge hol- der with capillaries to the purge valve and mixer. Fig. 43: Capillaries connected to inline filter holder and purge valve 7.

  • Page 67: Taking The Pump Out Of Service

    Maintenance and care 8.10 Taking the pump out of service Device defect Residuals chemicals can damage the pump head if they are not being removed before storage. For reuse, fl ush the pump head and fi ll it with isopropanol. Before storage, seal the inlets and outlets with cap fi ttings.

  • Page 68: Transport And Storage

    Do not hold onto front cover or leak tray, as these parts are loosely attached to the device. Transporting the device Documents: If you want to return your device to KNAUER for repairs, ƒ enclose the „Service request form and decontamination report“...

  • Page 69: Disposal

    160214. 10.2 WEEE registration number KNAUER as a company is registered by the WEEE number DE 34642789 in the German "Elektroaltgeräteregister" (EAR). The number classifies to category 8 and 9, which, among others, comprises laboratory equipment.

  • Page 70: Technical Data

    11. Technical data 11.1 Main features Pump type Analytical UHPLC pump Solvent conveyance Delivery system Double serial piston pump Pulsation compensation Active pulsation compensation Piston seal washing Active wash Flow rate accuracy ± 0.25 % (water, 1 ml/min, 1200 bar) Flow rate precision ≤...

  • Page 71: General

    11.3 General Technical parameters Leak sensor Special features Pump head is detected automatically using Radio frequency indentificaion (RFID) Ambient temperature 4 − 40 °C (39.2 − 104 °F) Ambient conditions Air humidity Below 90 %, non-condensing Operating altitude Max. 2 000 meters Area of use For indoor use only Permitted pollution degree 2 Protection type IP20...

  • Page 72: Repeat Orders

    Keep the attached list with the scope of supply for subsequent orders. If there are any questions concerning repeat orders, contact the Technical Support. Further Information Further information on spare parts and accessories can be found online: www.knauer.net. 12.1 Device Name Order number Pump P 8.1L HPG with 5 ml pump head...
  • Page 73 Repeat orders Name Order number Accessories kit AZURA® accessories kit FZA02 Accessories kit P 8.1L FPF45 Tools AZURA® tool kit A1033 Cleaning kit for capillaries A0137 Cutter for metal tubing A0681 Product riser AZURA® product riser (28 mm) A9860 Power cable M1651 M1278 Switzerland...

  • Page 74: Chemical Compatibility Of Wetted Materials

    The following list contains information about the chemical compatibility of all wetted materials which are used in devices made by KNAUER. The data bases on a literature research on the manufacturer specifications of the materials. The wetted materials of this device are listed in the chapter “Technical data”.
  • Page 75 Chemical compatibility of wetted materials Polyimide (Vespel®) This material is wear-resistant and permanent resilient thermically (up to 200 °C) as well as mechanically. It is chemically broadly inert (pH range 1-10) and is especially resistant against acidic to neutral and organic solvents, but vulnerable to pH strong chemical or oxidizing environments: It is incompatible with concentrated mineral acids (such as sulfuric acid), glacial acetic acid, DMSO and THF.

  • Page 76: Non-Metals

    Chemical compatibility of wetted materials Polychlortrifluorethylene (PCTFE, Kel-F®) The semi-crystalline thermoplastic material is plasticizer-free and dimen- sionally stable, even in a wide temperature range (−240 °C to+205 °C). It is moderately resistant against ether, halogenated solvents and toluene. Halogenated solvents over +60 °C and chlorine gas should not be used. Fluorinated rubber (FKM) The elastomer consisting of fluorinated hydrocarbon stands out due to a high resistance against mineral oils, synthetic hydraulic fluids, fuels,...

  • Page 77: Metals

    Chemical compatibility of wetted materials Mineral wool This insulating material consists of glass or stone wool fibres and isolates in high oxidizing conditions and at high temperatures. Mineral wool is valid as commonly inert against organic solvents and acids. Glass, glass fibre, quartz, quartz glass These mineral materials are resistant against corrosion and wear and are mostly chemical inert.
  • Page 78 Appendix: Installation Qualification (IQ)
  • Page 79 Installation Qualification (IQ) for a Device Customer approval Prior to installation at the customer site, the customer has reviewed the OQ document and agrees with the design and scope Company name: Name Function Reviewed & approved Date Signature VIQ-Installation-Qualification-Device Version 3.0 Revision: Page 1/7...
  • Page 80 KNAUER Wissenschaftliche Geräte GmbH. Scope The customer can request the Installation Qualification. In case of a request, the technical support of KNAUER or a provider authorized by KNAUER performs this functionality test during the installation. The IQ is a standardized document and includes the following: ƒ...
  • Page 81 Installation Qualification (IQ) for a Device Installation Qualification Tests Test Description Specification Passed Failed Comment /LOR No. Identify the device. The name on the device matches the name on the delivery order. Check the device for No transport damage is transport damage.
  • Page 82 Installation Qualification (IQ) for a Device List of rectifications (LOR) Type of Description of Persons LOR No. Test No. Action plan Due date Date/signature deviation* the deviation responsible * Type of deviation: A = acceptable (e.g. not a GMP-critical deviation) N = not acceptable Continuation of qualification activities into the next qualification phase is only possible when deviation is rectified.
  • Page 83 Installation Qualification (IQ) for a Device List of changes to the document Revision no. Description of change Additional information Date/signature VIQ-Installation-Qualification-Device Version 3.0 Revision: Page 5/7...
  • Page 84 Installation Qualification (IQ) for a Device 10. Certificate and appoval A KNAUER employee or an employee authorized by KNAUER has checked the device and performed all tests described in the IQ. The IQ form has to be signed by an authorized person. The scope of the IQ meets the customer‘s requirements.
  • Page 85 Installation Qualification (IQ) for a Device Appendix: List of supporting documents Test no. Description VIQ-Installation-Qualification-Device Version 3.0 Revision: Page 7/7...
  • Page 86 Latest KNAUER instructions online: www.knauer.net/library KNAUER Phone: +49 30 809727-0 Wissenschaftliche Geräte GmbH Fax: +49 30 8015010 Hegauer Weg 38 E-mail: info@knauer.net 14163 Berlin Internet: www.knauer.net © KNAUER 2023...

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