Lister Petter ALPHA Series Installation Manual
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Lister Petter ALPHA Series Installation Manual

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  • Page 1 ALPHA SERIES...
  • Page 2 Publication 027-08651 Edition 2, May 2007 © Copyright Lister Petter Power Systems Limited 2018, all rights reserved Lister Petter Power Systems Limited Broadmeadow Industrial Estate, TQ14 9AE, England...
  • Page 3 ONTENTS page ..................iv OREWARD ..............NTRODUCTION ..............ERVICEABILITY ........ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT ............ OWER ALCULATION ABLES ......... NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION ................EARBOXES ............YDRAULIC RANSMISSION ................ROPELLERS ..............NGINE ........... NGINE RIVEN CCESSORIES ............... YSTEMS ............. UBRICATION YSTEMS ............
  • Page 4 OREWORD In life and vessel threatening incidents at sea maximum output, often in heavy seas in an news reporting often gives “engine failure” as the emergency, the engine may then fail to operate. (See cause, implying to the casual observer the engine particularly sections on cooling;...
  • Page 5 Dursley, Gloucestershire since 1930 and benefi t from the latest CAD and CAM technology. Alpha Series engines conform with the requirements of ISO 3046, BS 5514 and DIN 6271 for power, output and fuel consumption.
  • Page 6 ERVICEABILITY Service Accessibility Inspection for Service Repair a. Remove and have the fuel pump inspected by an It is essential that specifi ed routine maintenance authorised service agent. checks can be easily carried out. Experience shows that diffi cult access to service points means that b.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT ECTION ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT ONTENTS page 1.1 Boat Types ..............1.2 1.2 Hull Confi guration ............1.3 1.3 Speed to Length Ratio .............1.4 1.4 Wave Making ..............1.4 1.5 Effect of Displacement on Power and Speed ....1.6 1.6 Displacement ..............1.8 1.7 Displacement Calculations ..........1.8 ISTER ETTER...

  • Page 8: Boat Types

    ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT 1.1 Boat Types 1.1.2 Pleasure Craft Sports fi shing craft, offshore cruisers, river/estuary Correct Engine Application cruisers, coastal cruisers, auxiliary engined sailing Before any engine can be considered for a craft. particular boat the use or duty to which the craft is to be put must be looked into, since this affects the permissible rating for that engine.

  • Page 9: Hull Confi Guration

    ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT period and has a fairly limited range, whereas a 1.2.2 Semi-displacement Hull commercial craft with a longer range would need to These hulls are similar to the displacement type, operate perhaps in a narrower speed range at full however they differ in that they feature: throttle for longer periods.

  • Page 10: Speed To Length Ratio

    ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT 1.3 Speed to Length Ratio When a boat is travelling at a very slow speed, small waves (ripples) are made by the bow and stern; To defi ne and assess the various types of hull, below the water line eddies are produced. it is necessary to be familiar with the speed/length If there is an increase in speed the transverse ratio.
  • Page 11 ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT Example of differing speed upon a displacement boat of 36 feet water line length. Using the following formulae, the wave length can be calculated. Wave length = boat speed 1.34 Speed length ratio = Boat speed √ Water line length in feet Figure 1.4.2 Effects of Speed Relative to Size of Wave ISTER...

  • Page 12: Effect Of Displacement On Power And Speed

    ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT As can be seen, the result of boat speed to wave 1.5.2 Semi-displacement Type Boats length concludes that the longer the boat the greater A larger number of boats are classed as semi- potential for higher speed. displacement and their advantage lies in the fact that √...
  • Page 13 ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT 1.5.3 Planing Boats As the boat lifts higher at the bow at a speed- These boats are designed to operate at high length ratio of about 2.5, the water resistance speeds thus the critical condition associated with reduces, therefore this higher speed, once reached, wave making needs to be overcome.

  • Page 14: Displacement

    ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT 1.6 Displacement 1.7.2 Block Coeffi cient This method is less accurate than 'Simpsons There are various defi nitions of displacement, First Rule', but at least it gives a starting point to the some of which are of no use in the calculations for calculations.
  • Page 15 ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT For displacement type boats the block coeffi cient value is taken at the mid-section, i.e. the widest point. A lightweight/semi-displacement boat or planing craft can have a greater change in depth along its water line length, therefore any mid-section fi gure taken here would probably be inaccurate.
  • Page 16 ERFORMANCE AND ISPLACEMENT 1.10 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 17 OWER ALCULATIONS ECTION OWER ALCULATIONS ONTENTS page 2.1 Displacement and Semi-Displacement Boats ....2.2 2.2 Planing Boats ..............2.4 2.3 Hull Limitations ..............2.5 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 18 OWER ALCULATIONS 2.1 Displacement and Semi-Displacement Boats Once the approximate displacement of the boat is known reference can be made to the following tables to estimate the power required to propel the vessel at the desired speed, remembering that any derating calculation must be taken into account. 2.1.1 Power/Speed Estimation Table A ISTER ETTER...
  • Page 19 OWER ALCULATIONS 2.1.2 Power/Speed Estimation Table B Displacement Semi-displacement Waterline Speed in Knots Disp Length Tons 10.0 12.0 14.0 45 feet 14 metres 16.0 18.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 50 feet 20.0 15 metres 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0...
  • Page 20 OWER ALCULATIONS 2.2 Planing Boats With some hull types it is necessary to take the values from two designs and work out a mean fi gure As planing boats behave far differently from where the hull features characteristics from both displacement boats there is a different formula for types.
  • Page 21 OWER ALCULATIONS 2.3 Hull Limitations The chart illustrates the limitations that the hull imposes on the engine and power requirements. ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 22 OWER ALCULATIONS ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 23 NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION ECTION NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION ONTENTS page 3.1 Engine Dimensions ............3.2 3.2 Bearers ................3.2 3.2.1 Engine Beds .............3.2 3.3 Alignment .................3.6 3.4 Flexible Mounts ...............3.7 3.5 Flexible Couplings ............3.8 3.6 Engine and Stern Tube Location ........3.11 ISTER ETTER ARINE...

  • Page 24: Engine Dimensions

    3.2 Bearers There are two types of bearers for Lister-Petter Alpha Series engines. For other Lister-Petter engine types refer to Lister-Petter. a. Wide bearers - 572mm centre. b. Narrow bearers - 400mm centres.
  • Page 25 NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION The engine bearers have to withstand heavy loads and distribute these loads over as much hull area as possible. In addition to the weight of the engine, beds have to support the torque reaction from the propeller shaft (with a 2:1 gearbox this is twice the engine output torque) and the thrust from the propeller which is the force pushing the boat along in both forward and...
  • Page 26 NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION Figure 3.2.4 Using Steel Plates or Angle Iron in Wooden or GRP Boats 3.2.1.1 Alignment of Engine Beds When the engine and gearbox are directly driving the propeller shaft the bearers must lie parallel to the propeller shaft in a longitudinal direction and be positioned to keep the engine vertically upright in the transverse direction with the boat at rest.
  • Page 27 NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION The engine must be arranged so that the crankshaft is always operating with the centreline horizontal or with the gearbox (fl ywheel) end below the front end. It must never operate in the front down (nose down) position. The maximum permissible operating angle is 15°...

  • Page 28: Alignment

    NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION 3.2.2 Height of Beds Alignment can be performed initially by the boat To give the ideal position for the adjustment of yard but must be fi nally checked with the boat fully the fl exible mounts the height of the top of the beds loaded in the water and when anti-vibration mounts relative to the centre line of the propeller shaft is as have been given time to ‘settle’, typically 48 hours.

  • Page 29: Flexible Mounts

    Anti-vibration mounts are recommended for Lister- Petter Alpha Series engines. For other engines, and 4b.If gap is greater than 2mm a separate packer/shim other mounting options consult your Lister-Petter should be fi tted under the mounting baseplate to marine dealer.

  • Page 30: Flexible Couplings

    NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION 3.5 Flexible Couplings Where a coupling half is required to fi t onto the propeller shaft this should be ordered separately. When flexible engine mountings are used a fl exible coupling is required between the gearbox The diameter of the propeller shaft must be and propeller shaft which also allows for a small specifi...
  • Page 31 NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION 3.5.2.1 Alignment 3.5.2 The Unifl ex Type Coupling 1. Roughly align the engine and stern gear with The Unifl ex coupling which consists of a rubber the coupling fitted to the propeller shaft but element between an inner and outer shell. disconnected from the gearbox fl...
  • Page 32 These systems allow the use of more resilient isolators and therefore help further reduce vibration to the hull. On Alpha Series this drive may be installed with all types of anti-vibration mountings, but ‘soft’ mounts such as Lister-Petter Accessory Codes MQH and MQI will give optimum isolation and minimise transmission noise.

  • Page 33: Engine And Stern Tube Location

    NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION 3.6 Engine and Stern Tube Location 3.6.1 Propeller Shaft Position It is essential that the axis of the propeller shaft and its hole through the stern is the same is in the same straight line as the engine crankshaft centre of rotation.
  • Page 34 NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION 3.6.3 Positioning the Engine Mounts 3.6.4 Engine Alignment 1. To fi x the installation positions of the engine When Re-engining to an Existing Propeller mounts on the engine bed a jig, similar to that Shaft shown in Figure 3.6.7, will facilitate the work. 1.
  • Page 35 NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION Figure 3.6.11 Checking Alignment Using String 7. Now use the same jig and procedure as in ‘3.6.3 Positioning the Engine Mounts’. 3.13 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 36 NGINE OUNTING AND NSTALLATION 3.7.3 Starting Precautions 3.7 Operating Safety Ensure the engine is free to turn without • 3.7.1 General Safety Precautions obstruction. Fuel piping and connections must be of a suitable • material to withstand the rigours of marine use. Check that the water and lubricating oil levels are •...
  • Page 37 EARBOXES ECTION EARBOXES ONTENTS page 4.1 Gearboxes ...............4.2 4.1.1 Types of Gearbox .............4.2 4.1.2 Gearbox Effi ciency ..........4.2 4.1.3 Reduction Gearbox Ratio .........4.2 4.1.4 Gearbox Lever ............4.2 4.1.5 Engine and Gearbox Controls ........4.2 4.1.6 Displacement/Semi-displacement Boats ....4.2 4.1.7 Planing Boats ............4.2 4.1.8 Gearbox Selection Chart ..........4.3 4.2 Clearance - Sump and Gearbox ........4.3 4.3 Propeller Shafts ...............4.4...

  • Page 38: Gearboxes

    EARBOXES 4.1 Gearboxes 4.1.4 Gearbox Lever Generally, while looking directly onto the gearbox There are various transmission systems available lever and moving it forward will result in the shaft, but the most common usually consists of a reversing when viewed from aft, turning clockwise and moving gearbox attached to the fl...

  • Page 39: Gearbox Selection Chart

    EARBOXES 4.1.8 Gearbox Selection Chart 4.2 Clearance - Sump and Gearbox Two types of reversing gearboxes are offered by A minimum of 10mm is recommended around the Lister-Petter. These are the Newage hydraulic series sump and gearbox. or the Hurth mechanical series. Leave space under the gearbox drain plug to Inland Waterways enable the gearbox oil to be changed allowing space...

  • Page 40: Propeller Shafts

    EARBOXES 4.3 Propeller Shafts There are two main types of construction of the propeller shaft and associated seals and bearings. Figure 4.3.1 Two Bearing Support a. Shaft supported by two bearings in a stern tube. This is rigid and is not generally suitable for use with engines fi...

  • Page 41: Shaft Material

    EARBOXES 4.3.1 Shaft Material Either bronze or stainless steel in a grade specifi cally formulated for propeller shafts. 4.3.2 Unsupported Length To avoid vibration caused by the shaft ‘whirling’ the ratio of unsupported length relative to the diameter must be less than 20:1 i.e. a 25mm diameter shaft unsupported length must not be greater than 500mm.

  • Page 42: Propeller Shaft Droop

    EARBOXES 4.3.4 Propeller Shaft Droop 4.4 Thrust Bearings The unsupported length of a propeller shaft will In all cases, for fi xed or fl exibly mounted engines, droop due to the weight of the shaft and fl ange. it is preferable that no end thrust is applied to the engine and anti-vibration mounts.
  • Page 43 YDRAULIC RANSMISSIONS ECTION YDRAULIC RANSMISSION ONTENTS page 5.1 Hydraulic Pump ...............5.2 5.2 Hydraulic Drive ..............5.2 5.3 Twin Propellers ..............5.2 5.4 Lister-Petter Hydraulic Pump ...........5.2 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 44 YDRAULIC RANSMISSIONS 5.1 Hydraulic Pump 5.3 Twin Propellers These consist of a constant displacement pump Two propellers can easily be driven by using a driven by the engine which pumps hydraulic oil down motor to drive each propeller and a double pump high-pressure tubes to turn a constant displacement driven by the engine.
  • Page 45 ROPELLERS ECTION ROPELLERS ONTENTS page 6.1 Propeller Selection ................6.2 6.2 Propeller Measurements ..............6.2 6.3 Variable Pitch Propellers ..............6.3 6.4 Folding Propellers ................6.3 6.5 Propeller Law ..................6.3 6.6 Propeller Types .................6.4 6.7 Positioning of the Propeller ..............6.5 6.8 Propeller Effi ciency ................6.5 6.9 Propeller Tip Clearance ..............6.6 6.10 Operating Speed and Power ............6.6 ISTER...

  • Page 46: Propeller Selection

    ROPELLERS 6.1 Propeller Selection The selection of a propeller which is suitable for the size, shape and duty of the vessel is a very complicated procedure requiring specialist knowledge. It is therefore recommended that the propeller be chosen in consultation with Lister-Petter, or a reputable supplier, since a propeller of the wrong dimension or design can adversely affect boat speed and put additional unnecessary stress on the engine...

  • Page 47: Variable Pitch Propellers

    ROPELLERS 6.3 Variable Pitch Propellers 6.5 Propeller Law As the name suggests, these propellers have Lister-Petter power curves often include the 'fi xed the facility to alter the angle of the blades enabling pitch propeller law' curve which is derived from the selection of ahead, astern and neutral without the use shaft horsepower fi...

  • Page 48: Propeller Types

    ROPELLERS 6.6 Propeller Types Figure 6.6.1 Propeller Types ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...

  • Page 49: Positioning Of The Propeller

    ROPELLERS 6.7 Positioning of the Propeller 6.8 Propeller Effi ciency To ensure maximum vessel speed the minimum Wide untapered sternposts give turbulent fl ow propeller clearances shown must be achieved. and eddies at the propeller which causes reduced effi ciency and vibration. Figure 6.8.1 Untapered Sternpost Figure 6.7.1 Position of the Propeller Minimum clearances where D is the diameter.

  • Page 50: Propeller Tip Clearance

    ROPELLERS 6.9 Propeller Tip Clearance As a guide, the full throttle no load to full load speed 'droop' (droop = speed drop under load), Suffi cient propeller tip clearance is necessary to when the vessel is proceeding at its maximum speed prevent water hammering against the bottom of the shpould be no more than the percentage shown in hull.
  • Page 51 NGINE ECTION NGINE ONTENTS P A GE 7.1 Engine Room Layout .................7.2 7.2 Engine Room Ventilation ..............7.2 7.3 Engine Room Temperature ...............7.2 7.4 Air Duct Ventilation ................7.2 7.5 Duct Openings ..................7.2 7.6 Duct Chart ..................7.3 7.7 Draft Fans ..................7.3 7.8 Insulation - Fire ..................7.4 7.9 Insulation - Noise ................7.4 ISTER ETTER...

  • Page 52: Engine Room Layout

    NGINE 7.1 Engine Room Layout 7.5 Duct Openings The engine room layout should be planned for Grilles, wire mesh or louvres placed in the air easy servicing, inspection and any power take-offs stream are obstructions and must be allowed for. The or auxiliary equipment.

  • Page 53: Duct Chart

    NGINE 7.6 Duct Chart The use of larger ducting hose or an increase in the number of ducts, will increase the airfl ow if the temperature cannot be brought down within reasonable limits. Figure 7.6.1 Duct Chart X - Duct section area cm Y - Engine room volume m 7.7 Draft Fans These are two ways that draft fans can be used...

  • Page 54: Insulation - Fire

    NGINE 7.8 Insulation - Fire Any sound insulation used in the engine room or engine compartment must be fi re resistant and use zero rated foams to BS476 Engine rooms must be isolated from living accommodation. The engine room must have its own automatic extinguisher system or means must be provided to inject fi...
  • Page 55 NGINE 7.10 Noise 7.10.4 Noise Damping To reduce the noise produced by the engine the As legislation is becoming tighter, it is essential use of sound proofi ng material is recommended. that the problem of noise is considered fully. There are several proprietary materials available High levels of noise are not only uncomfortable which have the effect of: but can be a potential health hazard.
  • Page 56 NGINE 7.10.5 Propeller Noise 7.11 Installation Safety Although this is a somewhat specialised subject, Ensure all exposed moving parts of the engine propeller/transmission noise can be minimised by are enclosed with guards to provide protection. observing the following points; Fuel piping must be suitable and correctly a.
  • Page 57 NGINE RIVEN CCESSORIES ECTION NGINE RIVEN CCESSORIES ONTENTS P A GE 8.1 Power Take-off ...................8.2 8.2 Belt Driven Accessories ..............8.2 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 58 NGINE RIVEN CCESSORIES 8.1 Power Take-off 8.2.2 Drive Belt Alignment The belt driven equipment pulley must be aligned The total power taken from the gear end of the with the drive pulley to a tolerance of 1mm per 100mm engine is restricted and Lister-Petter should be of distance between the pulleys.
  • Page 59 YSTEM ECTION YSTEM ONTENTS page 9.1 Fuel Specifi cations ................9.2 9.2 Tank Design ..................9.2 9.3 Piping ....................9.2 9.4 Cleanliness ..................9.4 9.5 Safety ....................9.4 9.6 Water Separators ................9.4 9.7 Filters ....................9.4 9.8 Fuel Lift Pump ..................9.5 9.9 Priming or Bleeding ................9.5 ISTER ETTER ARINE...

  • Page 60: Fuel Specifi Cations

    YSTEM 9.2.2 Position of the Tank CAUTION The tank should be placed such that with low fuel Statistics show that the most common cause of emergency level in the tank, the surface of the fuel is then up to call out for boats at sea is fuel starvation due to air, water 3m below the lift pump.
  • Page 61 YSTEM Figure 9.2.1 Correct Tank and PipeworkLayout and Design ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...

  • Page 62: Cleanliness

    YSTEM Refer to local regulations i.e. Boat Safety Scheme 9.6.1 Contaminated Fuel in the UK for guidance on the fuel piping system. If the water separator, or filter, is becoming clogged by a jelly like substance this is due to growth WARNING of micro-organisms which live in water and feed off Ether based starting fl...

  • Page 63: Fuel Lift Pump

    YSTEM 9.8 Fuel Lift Pump 9.10 Microbiological Contamination The lift pump is driven by the engine and provides Microbiological contamination occurs predominantly fuel at low pressure to the high-pressure pumps. in distillate fuels like gasoil and diesel. Microbes are As the output pressure of the lift pump reaches present everywhere, often being carried into fuel tanks the setting of the spring in the pump the pump by air.
  • Page 64 YSTEM 9.11 Tips a. Always carry a spare set of injectors and a lift pump repair kit. b. If forced to re-use copper fuel equipment washers, anneal them by heating to a red heat. c. Check for water in fuel by heating a small quantity in a metal container –...
  • Page 65 UBRICATION YSTEM 10 L ECTION UBRICATION YSTEM ONTENTS P A GE 10.1 Oil Specifi cations ................10.2 10.2 Oil Filters ..................10.2 10.3 Oil Changing ..................10.2 10.4 Water in Lubricating Oil ..............10.2 10.1 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 66 fi lter. Lubrication A remote fi lter kit is available whereby the fi lter 'Alpha Series' engines will operate satisfactorily can be positioned off the engine in a more convenient when subject to sideways roll of up to 30° and pitch place for easy access.
  • Page 67 NGINE OOLING YSTEMS ECTION NGINE OOLING YSTEMS ONTENTS page 11.1 Antifreeze and Corrosion Inhibitors ..........11.2 11.2 Venting Auxiliary Heating Circuits ..........11.2 11.3 Materials of Sea Water Piping ............11.2 11.4 Air Cooling ..................11.2 11.5 Cooling Air Inlet and Outlet Ducts ..........11.5 11.6 Water Cooling .................

  • Page 68: Antifreeze And Corrosion Inhibitors

    11 E NGINE OOLING YSTEMS The engine cannot operate unless the factory 11.4 Air Cooling provided cooling system is functioning correctly. Air-cooled engines need adequate ventilation to Indeed malfunction due to interference or lack of provide suffi cient air for both engine function and proper maintenance is the direct cause of the majority cooling.
  • Page 69 NGINE OOLING YSTEMS Figure 11.4.1 Air Cooling - Inland Waterways Boat A - Cockpit. B - Cabin. C - Outlet D - Inlet and outlet trunks lined internally with 25mm (1.0in) thick fi breglass faced with perforated zinc. E - In bad weather, shutters may be fi tted to outboard inlets, and inboard outlets, (G) and (H) used.
  • Page 70 11 E NGINE OOLING YSTEMS 11.4.2 Open Boat Figure 11.4.2 Air Cooling - Open Boat A - 25mm (1.0in) diameter holes near to the top to expel radiated heat. B - Hot air outlet duct of shet metal lined with 25mm (1.0in) fi...

  • Page 71: Cooling Air Inlet And Outlet Ducts

    NGINE OOLING YSTEMS 11.5 Cooling Air Inlet and Outlet Ducts 11.6 Water Cooling The proximity of unlimited supplies of cold water Hot Air Outlet Cooling Air Inlet around the boat makes it suitable as an engine Duct Duct cooling medium. Engine The engine cooling circuit comprises the cylinder Type...
  • Page 72 11 E NGINE OOLING YSTEMS Exhaust". 11.6.1 Heat Exchanger Cooling In this system raw water from outside of the boat is pumped through a compact heat exchanger and water cooled exhaust manifold. It may be discharged directly or via an injection bend into the exhaust system.
  • Page 73 NGINE OOLING YSTEMS 11.6.2 Keel Cooling Pipes The boat builder is responsible for the correct Fitted to the outside of the hull and exposed to installation of the keel cooler, the pipes to and the fl ow of water over the hull, the direction of fl ow from the engine, the design and installation of the through the pipes should be opposite to the normal expansion tank and the vent line.

  • Page 74: Sacrifi Cial Anode

    11 E NGINE OOLING YSTEMS 11.6.5 Radiator Cap 11.8 Raw Water Inlet Valve The standard radiator cap pressure is set at 15lbs The inlet must be positioned as low as possible in (1.0bar). the boat where it is always immersed in water when the boat is rolling or pitching.

  • Page 75: Scoop Strainer

    NGINE OOLING YSTEMS 11.9 Scoop Strainer 11.11 Raw Water Piping A scoop strainer will prevent blocking by plastic This should be fl exible but reinforced piping of a sheet minimum inside diameter as shown: Alpha 2 and 3 ..13mm. Alpha 4 ....

  • Page 76: Filling The Cooling System

    11.13 Filling the Cooling System Specific instructions to prevent an air lock occurring when refilling the cooling system are detailed in the 'Alpha Series Operators Handbook'. 11.14 Marine Growths Marine organism, can penetrate strainers in their infant stage and will tend to take up residence inside the cooling water pipes, eventually blocking them.
  • Page 77 ATER EATING ............ECTION ATER EATING ONTENTS page 12.1 Water Heating ................12.2 12.2 Calorifi er ..................12.2 12.3 Positioning of the Calorifi er ............12.2 12.1 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 78 12 W ATER EATING 12.1 Water Heating on Heat Exchanger 12.2.2 Heat Exchanger Cooled Calorifi eR Cooled Engines Water cooled engines provide a ready source of heat which can be converted into useable hot water by utilising a calorifer (hot water tank with heating coil).
  • Page 79 XHAUST YSTEMS ECTION XHAUST YSTEMS ONTENTS page 13.1 Dry Exhaust Systems ..............13.2 13.2 Wet Exhausts .................13.4 13.1 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 80 13 E XHAUST YSTEMS 13.1 Dry Exhaust Systems Where exhaust piping crosses bulkheads direct contact should be avoided to eliminate the Dry exhausts are used on inland waterway boats, transmission of noise and heat. some workboats and fi shing boats. For the same reasons exhausts should not be They can be noisier than wet exhausts depending welded to steel hulls.
  • Page 81 XHAUST YSTEMS 13.1.5 Prevention of Spray Entry 13.1.7 Exhaust Pipe Hangers The boat builder/engine installer must take the If the exhaust pipe is supported with hangers, necessary precautions to ensure that rainwater or sea which introduce some fl exibility, between the piping spray cannot penetrate the exhaust system and enter and the boat structure, the boat will be quieter and the engine, as this will cause catastrophic damage.
  • Page 82 13 E XHAUST YSTEMS 13.2 Wet Exhausts Outlets discharging below the waterline may give rise to a high back pressure, see "13.2.4 Exhaust These operate by raw cooling water being injected into Backpressure". This may also pull water into the the exhaust system through an injection bend fi...
  • Page 83 XHAUST YSTEMS 13.2.3 Anti-siphon Pipework Flow from the vent pipe whilst the engine is If the engine exhaust manifold is less than 150mm running will provide a visual indication that the raw above the waterline level it is necessary to ensure water pump is working.
  • Page 84 Figure 13.2.5 Exhaust Elbows very small water particles. If the gas/aerosol mixture falls below about 26 In general, for the 'Alpha Series' the maximum m/sec, then an aerosol will not form, and the water recommended backpressure is 760mm (30.0in) will build up, to be periodically forced out in the form of water, measured at the exhaust manifold, for of a slug.
  • Page 85 XHAUST YSTEMS 13.2.6 Wave Action and Exhaust Systems The aspect of preventing wave action forcing water into exhaust systems must be carefully considered for sea going craft. A fl ap valve can prevent wave action penetrating exhaust systems. But these should not include any mechanical hinges or sliding components since these can easily jam in the open position.
  • Page 86 13 E XHAUST YSTEMS 13.8 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 87 UPPLY 14 A ECTION UPPLY ONTENTS P A GE 14.1 Quantity of Air Required ..............14.2 14.2 Quality of Air Required ..............14.2 14.3 Air Supply ..................14.2 14.4 Air Cleaner ..................14.2 14.5 Engine Room Ventilation ..............14.2 14.6 Water Cowl..................14.2 14.1 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 88 14 A UPPLY 14.1 Quantity of Air Required 14.5 Engine Room Ventilation Diesel engines need a generous supply of air to 14.5.1 Rule of thumb function effi ciently and the engine compartment/room Allow 10cm of duct cross section area per engine must be designed to allow suffi...
  • Page 89 LECTRICAL YSTEM ECTION LECTRICAL YSTEM ONTENTS page 15.1 Batteries ..................15.2 15.2 Alternator ..................15.4 15.3 Control Panels ................15.4 15.4 Wiring .....................15.5 12.5 Emergency Switches ..............15.7 15.6 Battery Safety ................15.7 15.7 Electrical Systems Good Practice ..........15.7 15.1 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...

  • Page 90: Batteries

    15 E LECTRICAL YSTEM 15.1 Batteries In many systems two or more batteries are used, one being reserved for engine starting the other for Starting of the engine is dependent on the battery general services and starting back up and it must be of suffi cient capacity to comfortably supply the current required.
  • Page 91 LECTRICAL YSTEM 15.1.2 Diagram for Twin Battery Installation - Simplifi ed Circuit More detailed diagrams for particular situations and accessories are available. Please contact Lister-Petter Customer Engineering Figure 15.1.1 Wiring Diagram 15.1.3 Battery Charging WARNING Batteries will gradually discharge over a period of Batteries emit hydrogen and oxygen in ideally explosive months, and be unable to start the engine.

  • Page 92: Alternator

    15 E LECTRICAL YSTEM 15.1.4 Cranking Time Limitations 15.2.2 Second Alternator Due to high currents and the heating effect, A second alternator of 50 or 100 Amp output is cranking must be limited to a maximum of 30 available in addition to the standard alternator, on seconds.

  • Page 93: Wiring

    LECTRICAL YSTEM 15.4 Wiring 15.4.3 Supporting Cables Cables must be supported by clamps to avoid The electrical cables between the battery and tension on the end terminations. engine carry a considerable current when starting and must be sized accordingly. Clamp intervals of 300mm (1.0ft) are recommended and the cables must be: The charging circuit from the alternator can also carry up to 55 amps.
  • Page 94 15 E LECTRICAL YSTEM 15.4.4 Cable Terminations 15.4.8 Safety Features For the battery connections crimped or soldered Two circuit breakers are incorporated in the top ring terminals are required. face of the engine relay box and the push button to reset these protrudes from the top of the box.

  • Page 95: Emergency Switches

    The passage of Petter as 'Emergency Switches'. electricity across an unsoldered joint, will in a damp 2. Where available, e.g. Alpha Series Accessory environment, promote rapid corrosion. JN, a higher pressure switch must be specifi ed CAUTION for constant speed engines.
  • Page 96 15 E LECTRICAL YSTEM 15.8 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 97 NGINE ERATING 16 D ECTION ERATING ONTENTS P A GE 16.1 Ambient Conditions ................16.2 16.2 Mechanical Losses ................16.2 16.3 Derating Calculation Example ............16.2 16.1 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 98 16 E NGINE ERATING The power ratings declared by Lister-Petter 16.3 Derating Calculation Example are those taken at the fl ywheel without any power The following procedure will assist in calculating absorbing accessories or power take-offs. the engine required for a particular vessel. It is therefore usually necessary to make Type of Boat: deductions from the power rating fi...
  • Page 99 AYING 17 L ECTION AYING ONTENTS ......................P A GE 17.1 L ................17.2 UB R ICA T ING 17.2 W ..............17.2 A T E R OOL ING YST E M 17.3 E ................17.2 XHA UST YST E M 17.4 A ..................17.2 YST E M 17.5 F...

  • Page 100: Lubricating Oil

    17 L AYING When a boat is laid up or taken out of commission 17.3 Exhaust System for a period a small amount of preparation will pay CAUTION dividends in extending the life of the engine and Do not under any circumstances attempt to fl ush out the ensuring a trouble free re-commissioning.

  • Page 101: E Ne R A L A Int E Na Nce

    AYING 17.7 General Maintenance 17.11 Re-commissioning Warning Clean the engine and check the mountings to ensure that the nuts and bolts are tight. Re-commissioning Warning If there has been any problem previously with an engine mounting becoming loose, check the Prior to use check the following alignment with the propeller shaft.
  • Page 102 17 L AYING 17.4 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 103 18 I NDEX ECTION NDEX 18.1 ISTER ETTER ARINE NSTALLATION UIDE...
  • Page 104 18 I NDEX - and stern tube location ....... 3.11 - application ............ 1.2 Air cooling ............11.2 - bearers ............3.2 - ducts ............11.5 - beds ............. 3.2 - supply ............14.2 - bed alignment ..........3.4 Alignment..........3.6, 3.12 - bed height ............
  • Page 105 18 I NDEX Propeller - types ............. 6.4 Heat exchanger cooling ........11.5 - effi ciency ............6.5 Heating circuits ..........11.2 - folding type ........... 6.3 Hull confi guration ..........1.3 - Law ............... 6.3 Hull limitations ..........2.5 - measurements ..........

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